2025-2026学年六年级语文小学毕业升学模拟模拟试卷（河南专用版·考前适应卷含参考答案解析与作文范文）

2025-2026学年六年级语文小学毕业升学模拟模拟试卷（河南专用版·考前适应卷，含参考答案解析与作文范文）学校：____________________班级：____________姓名：____________考号：____________考试时间：120分钟满分：120分范围标签：河南专用版注意事项：1.答题前请将学校、班级、姓名、考号填写清楚。2.全卷共22题，按题号顺序作答，书写要端正、卷面要整洁。3.选择题在答题栏内填写选项，主观题写清要点，作文不得少于450字。4.本卷材料为原创命题材料，用于毕业升学考前适应训练。积累与运用古诗文阅读现代文阅读写作与表达1—6题，共18分7—10题，共18分11—18题，共34分19—22题，共50分选择题答题栏（请在对应题号下填写选项）：题号1题号6题号11题号15一、积累与运用（1—6题，共18分）1.下列词语中加点字读音、字形完全正确的一项是（2分）A.倾覆（qīng）慷慨（kǎi）严峻截然不同B.藤蔓（màn）炽热（zhì）倾听不可思义C.剥削（xiāo）徘徊（huái）寂莫见微知著D.处境（chǔ）追悼（dào）通霄翻箱倒柜答：________2.读拼音，结合语境写词语（4分）毕业的脚步越来越近，校园里的每一处景物都显得格外qīnqiè（）。清晨的国旗下，同学们shēnqíng（）地齐唱校歌；科学课上，我们用yánjǐn（）的态度记录实验；运动场上，伙伴们互相gǔlì（），把拼搏写进童年。答：①__________②__________③__________④__________3.按要求完成词句运用（3分）（1）把词语补充完整：司空见（）万不得（）斩钉（）铁（2）从以上三个词语中任选一个写一句话，句意要完整。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________4.下面语段中有两处语病和一处标点使用不当，请用修改符号在原句上修改，并把正确句子写在横线上（3分）今年春天，学校开展了“读河南、爱家乡”的主题活动。通过参观博物馆，使我们了解了甲骨文、汝瓷、少林武术等文化名片。老师说：“文化不是摆在玻璃柜里的过去，而是流动在我们生活中的今天”。同学们纷纷表示，要把家乡故事讲给更多人听到。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________5.综合性学习：请根据下面材料完成任务（3分）材料：河南某小学六年级准备举办“黄河文化进校园”活动，计划设置三个区域：①诗词吟诵区；②非遗体验区；③节水护河行动区。班委会邀请你为活动设计一条宣传语，并给低年级同学推荐一个最值得参与的区域，说明理由。宣传语：____________________________________________________________推荐区域及理由：____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________6.下列关于课内外阅读与文学常识的表述，不正确的一项是（3分）A.《北京的春节》用主次分明的方法展现节日风俗。B.《鲁滨逊漂流记》表现了主人公面对困境时的勇敢、坚韧和创造力。C.《两小儿辩日》告诉我们：只要善于争辩，就一定能战胜老师。D.阅读名著时，可以借助人物关系图和情节梳理表理解作品。答：________二、古诗文阅读（7—10题，共18分）阅读下面两则材料，完成7—10题。材料一：春夜喜雨（节选）好雨知时节，当春乃发生。随风潜入夜，润物细无声。材料二：王冕者，诸暨人。七八岁时，父命牧牛陇上，窃入学舍，听诸生诵书；听已，辄默记。暮归，忘其牛，父怒挞之。已而复如初。母曰：“儿痴如此，曷不听其所为？”冕因去，依僧寺以居，夜潜出坐佛膝上，执策映长明灯读之，琅琅达旦。注：窃，悄悄地。辄，就。挞，打。曷，为什么。策，书卷。7.根据积累填空（5分）（1）“随风潜入夜，润物细无声”中“潜”的意思是：________________。（2）请再写出两句与春天或雨有关的古诗句：________________________，________________________。（3）材料一用拟人的方法写雨，从“__________”一词可以看出雨仿佛懂得时令。8.材料一中“润物细无声”写出了春雨怎样的特点？结合诗句简要说明（4分）________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________9.解释下面加点词，并用现代汉语写出句意（5分）（1）听已，辄默记。已：__________辄：__________句意：______________________________________________________________（2）执策映长明灯读之。执：__________之：__________句意：______________________________________________________________10.材料二中的王冕给你怎样的启示？请联系自己的学习生活谈一谈（4分）________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________三、现代文阅读（11—18题，共34分）（一）阅读下面的说明性文本，完成11—14题。（16分）豫东麦香里的节气密码①每到四月，豫东平原上的麦田像一张铺开的青绿色绒毯。微风吹过，麦苗一浪接着一浪，田埂上的野花也跟着点头。对生活在这里的人来说，小麦不只是粮食，更像一位按时赴约的朋友：它把节气写在叶片上，把农事写在泥土里。②清明前后，气温回升，雨水增多，麦苗进入拔节期。农民要查看田间墒情，及时中耕保墒，还要关注病虫害。到了谷雨，麦穗开始孕育，田间管理更不能松劲。有人说，庄稼也懂人的心思，你多到地里走几趟，它就多给你几分踏实。其实，这是经验，也是科学：小麦生长需要适宜的温度、光照和水分，任何一个环节疏忽，都可能影响灌浆和成熟。③五月下旬到六月上旬，麦浪渐渐由青转黄。这个时候，最怕连阴雨。麦粒如果长时间受潮，就会降低品质；收割如果延误，也可能造成倒伏。于是，村里常常出现一家开镰、邻里相帮的场景。机器轰鸣，麦香翻涌，老人看天色，年轻人看手机里的天气预报，传统经验和现代技术在同一片田地里相遇。④河南是小麦生产的重要区域，许多地方围绕小麦形成了独特的饮食记忆。刚磨出的新面粉，能做成烩面、蒸馍、油馍头，也能变成一碗筋道的捞面条。孩子们也许不懂“拔节”“灌浆”这些农事词，却能从一口馍、一碗面中尝到土地的味道。⑤从一粒麦种到一袋面粉，小麦经历了播种、越冬、返青、拔节、抽穗、灌浆、成熟等阶段。每个阶段都与节气相连，也与人的劳动相连。认识节气，不是背几个名称；认识粮食，也不是只看餐桌上的成品。真正的认识，是懂得一粒粮食来之不易，懂得在丰收的喜悦里珍惜每一份劳动。11.下列对文章内容理解正确的一项是（3分）A.清明前后，小麦已经全部成熟，可以马上收割。B.谷雨时节小麦管理不重要，主要依靠自然生长。C.小麦生长与温度、光照、水分等条件密切相关。D.认识粮食只需要记住几种面食名称。答：________12.请根据文章内容，把小麦生长阶段补充完整（4分）播种越冬返青________抽穗________成熟①②③④⑤⑥⑦④：________________⑥：________________13.第③段写“老人看天色，年轻人看手机里的天气预报”，这样写有什么作用（4分）________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________14.文章结尾说“真正的认识，是懂得一粒粮食来之不易”。请结合文章和生活实际，写出两条珍惜粮食的具体做法（5分）________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________（二）阅读下面的叙事性文本，完成15—18题。（18分）一盏灯和一条河①外婆家在黄河北岸的小村。村口有一条窄窄的土路，路旁是一排老槐树。小时候，我最怕傍晚回村，因为天一黑，路就像被墨水涂过，只有远处河堤上的风声一阵阵传来。②外婆却不怕黑。每到傍晚，她都会在院门口挂起一盏小灯。那灯并不亮，光圈只够照清门前几步路，可我远远看见它，心里就安稳了。外婆常说：“灯不一定照得很远，但能让走路的人知道家在哪儿。”我那时只觉得这句话好听，并没有真正明白。③六年级暑假，我因为一次数学竞赛失利，躲到外婆家。那天晚饭后，我一个人跑到河堤上。河水在暮色里缓缓流着，像一条沉默的路。我把石子一颗颗扔进水里，心里想：我明明练了那么久，为什么还是没考好？④外婆不知什么时候走到我身边。她没有问成绩，只指着河面说：“你看河水，遇到石头就绕一下，遇到浅滩就慢一下，可它从没停下。”我低着头不说话。外婆又说：“人也一样，难过的时候可以慢一点，不能把自己停在原地。”⑤那晚回去，院门口的小灯亮着。我忽然发现，灯光落在外婆的白发上，也落在我沾满泥土的鞋尖上。它不像太阳那样耀眼，却把一个小小的院子照得温暖。我开始重新整理错题，把每一道不会的题写成“问题清单”。外婆坐在旁边纳鞋垫，针线在灯下起起落落，像把破碎的心情一点点缝好。⑥开学后，我把那次失利写进日记。老师批了一句话：“能看见挫折中的灯，就能找到继续走的路。”后来我才明白，外婆的灯不是为了赶走所有黑暗，而是提醒我：无论走到哪里，都要给自己留一点亮光。⑦今年春天，我再次回到外婆家。村口的土路已经铺成了水泥路，路灯一排排亮起来。外婆院门口那盏小灯还在，只是灯罩旧了些。我站在灯下，看见黄河在不远处静静流过。它带走泥沙，也带来新的岸滩；它经过弯道，也奔向更远的地方。那一刻，我终于懂得，成长不是永远顺风顺水，而是在一次次绕行中，仍然愿意向前。15.下面对文章内容的概括，最恰当的一项是（4分）A.“我”害怕夜路，外婆每天送“我”上学。B.“我”竞赛失利后，在外婆的开导下重新面对挫折。C.外婆修好了村口的路灯，方便村民夜晚出行。D.“我”只记得黄河的景色，忘记了外婆的话。答：________16.第⑤段画线句“针线在灯下起起落落，像把破碎的心情一点点缝好”运用了什么修辞方法？有什么表达效果（4分）________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________17.文中多次写到“灯”，请结合全文说说“灯”有哪些含义（5分）________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________18.如果你是文中的“我”，回到学校后想给外婆写一段话表达感谢，你会怎么写？不少于80字（5分）________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________四、写作与表达（19—22题，共50分）19.口语交际（4分）毕业前，班级准备为母校图书角捐书。有同学说：“这些书我已经看过了，捐出去也没什么意义。”请你用得体的语言劝说他，至少说出两点理由。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________20.应用文写作（6分）学校将于6月12日下午3:00在报告厅举行“毕业季读书分享会”，要求六年级全体同学参加，并带上自己最喜欢的一本书。请你以少先队大队部的名义写一则通知，日期为6月10日。格式要正确，内容要完整。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________21.片段写作（10分）请以“校园里的一处风景”为对象，写一个描写片段。要求：抓住景物特点，至少运用一种修辞方法，表达真情实感，120字左右。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________22.习作（30分）题目：那一次，我学会了向前看要求：①围绕题目写一件具体的事，写清事情的起因、经过和结果；②写出自己的心理变化和真实感受；③不少于450字；④文中不得出现真实校名、姓名。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________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参考答案与解析一、积累与运用1.A。解析：A项读音、字形均正确。B项“炽热”的“炽”读chì，“不可思义”应为“不可思议”；C项“剥削”的“削”读xuē，“寂莫”应为“寂寞”；D项“通霄”应为“通宵”。2.①亲切②深情③严谨④鼓励。解析：书写时注意“切”的右部、“谨”的偏旁和“鼓励”的“励”不要写成“历”。每词1分。3.（1）惯；已；截。（2）答案要点：能正确使用所选词语，句意完整，语境合理即可。解析：“司空见惯”指某事常见，不足为奇；“万不得已”指实在没有办法；“斩钉截铁”形容说话或行动坚决果断。补词每空0.5分，造句1.5分。4.参考修改：今年春天，学校开展了“读河南、爱家乡”主题活动。参观博物馆，使我们了解了甲骨文、汝瓷、少林武术等文化名片。老师说：“文化不是摆在玻璃柜里的过去，而是流动在我们生活中的今天。”同学们纷纷表示，要把家乡故事讲给更多人听到。解析：第一处，“开展了……的主题活动”可删去“的”，使表达更简洁；第二处，“通过……使……”造成主语残缺，应删去“通过”或“使”；第三处，句号应放在引号内。每处1分。5.参考答案：宣传语：品黄河文化，做出彩少年。推荐区域：非遗体验区。理由：低年级同学动手兴趣强，在体验中能感受传统技艺的魅力，比单纯听讲更容易留下印象。解析：宣传语要简洁、有号召力，能体现活动主题；推荐理由要与低年级特点、区域内容相联系。宣传语1分，推荐区域1分，理由1分。6.C。解析：《两小儿辩日》表现了两小儿善于观察、敢于发问，也说明孔子实事求是、知之为知之的态度，并不是“只要善于争辩，就一定能战胜老师”。A、B、D表述正确。二、古诗文阅读7.（1）悄悄地。（2）参考：等闲识得东风面，万紫千红总是春；天街小雨润如酥，草色遥看近却无。（其他符合要求的诗句也可）（3）知。解析：第（1）题考查词语在诗句中的意思；第（2）题考查古诗积累；第（3）题中“知时节”把雨当作懂得时令的人来写。8.参考答案：写出了春雨轻柔、细密、无声滋润万物的特点。“随风潜入夜”说明春雨来得轻悄，“润物细无声”说明它不张扬，却能滋养万物。解析：答题要抓住“潜”“细”“无声”“润物”等关键词，既要说特点，也要结合诗句。特点2分，结合诗句2分。9.（1）已：停止，结束。辄：就。句意：听完以后，就默默地记住。（2）执：拿着。之：它，指书卷。句意：拿着书卷借着长明灯的光读书。解析：翻译文言句子要先解释关键词，再按现代汉语习惯调整语序，做到意思通顺。词语每个0.5分，句意每句1.5分。10.参考答案：王冕热爱读书，学习非常专注，即使条件艰苦也想办法坚持。他让我明白，真正的兴趣能带来持久的力量。联系自己，我在复习时不能只靠老师提醒，要像王冕那样主动安排时间，遇到不懂的问题及时查找资料或请教别人，坚持把每天的任务完成。解析：本题重在“人物品质＋联系生活”。写出王冕勤奋好学、执着坚持等品质2分，联系自身学习生活2分。三、现代文阅读11.C。解析：第②段明确写到“小麦生长需要适宜的温度、光照和水分