北京房山区2025-2026学年高二下学期期末英语试题（含答案）

北京房山区2025-2026学年高二下学期期末英语试题学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、阅读理解JoinusforNoteMaster,theschool’safter-schoolworkshopthathelpsmiddleandhighschoolstudentsbuildeffectivenote-takingskillsandboostlearningefficiency.ExperienceNoteMasterNoteMasteroffersyoutargetedtrainingbasedonyourstudyhabitsthroughskilllectures,hands-onpractice,andone-on-oneguidance.Ifyou’renotsurewhichnote-takingmethodfitsyou,NoteMasterwillletyoutrydifferentwaysfreely.Besides,ourteacherscanprovidepersonalizedfeedbackonyournotestohelpyouimprovestepbystep.ScheduleofActivitiesTime/Date12thOct.13thOct.14thOct.15thOct.16:00-17:00SkillLecture:BasicMethodsGroupDiscussionOne-on-OneGuidanceAchievementSharing17:10-18:30Hands-onPracticeExploreSessionsNotePolishingAwardCeremonyNote-TakingMethodsTaught·MindMapMethodItguidesyoutolinkscatteredknowledgepointswithvisualpicturesandconnectinglines,buildingaknowledgenetworktoclarifycomplexlogicalrelationshipsbetweendifferentcontents.·OutlineMethodIthelpsyouextractandorganizethecorekeypointsoflearningcontentandreadingmaterials,structuringtheminaclearandlogicalordertoformaframeworkforeasyreviewandmemory.·CornellMethodItenablesyoutodividethenotepageforseparaterecordingoflearningnotes,raisedquestionsandkeysummaries,formingacompletelearningcycleofrecording,thinkingandsortingoutforin-depthunderstanding.·ChartMethodItleadsyoutosortoutandcomparedifferenttypesofrelatedknowledgewithconcisetables,clearlypresentingthesimilaritiesanddifferencesbetweenvariouscontenttofacilitatequickdistinctionandclassification.1．NoteMasterhelpsstudentsto______.A．designtheirownstudyplans B．getpersonalizedstudymaterialsC．prepareforafter-schoollectures D．masterpracticalnote-takingskills2．Toseektheteacher’spersonalinstruction,astudentshould______.A．attendtheSkillLectureon12thOct.B．takepartinExploreSessionson13thOct.C．taketheOne-on-OneGuidanceon14thOct.D．gototheAchievementSharingon15thOct.3．Whichmethodismostusefulforcomparison?A．MindMapMethod. B．OutlineMethod. C．CornellMethod. D．ChartMethod.Wealldreamofadventure—ofsteppingintotheunknown,farfromthefamiliar,andlosingourselvesinnewexperiences.Butwhathappenswhenwegettrulylost?Forme,ithappenedinLisbon.Itwasmyfirstsolo(独自的)tripabroad.Determinedtodrownmyselffully,Ileftmymapandphonebehind,wanderingLisbon’shillsandbeautifullakeswithnothingbutcuriosity.Thepastelbuildings,thesoundofFadomusicdriftingfromcafés,thescentofflowers—itwasexcellent.Forhours,Idrownedmyselfinthefreedomofhavingnoplan.Butasthesunset,IrealizedIdidn’trecognizeanything.Thestreetsthathadseemedcharmingnowfeltidenticalandstrange.MyheartracedasItracedmysteps,onlytofindmoreunfamiliarcorners.Nophone,noPortuguesebeyondbasicphrases,nomemoryofmyhostel’sneighbourhood—justmeandthegrowingshadows.WhatifIcouldn’tfindmywayback?WhatifIspentthenightwandering,weakandalone?Panictightenedmychest.Butthen,aquieterthoughtemerged:WasIreallylost,orjustuncomfortable?Istoppedfightingit.Insteadofsearchingfordirections,Ipaidattentiontothepaintonawall,theshopkeepersweepinghisdoorstep,thelaughterspillingfromatinyrestaurant.Withnodigitalbackup,Inoticedeverything.Andslowly,thefearfaded.Inasmallsquare,Ijoinedlocalssharingdrinksandbread.Wecouldn’tspeakthesamelanguage,butweconnectedthroughgesturesandsmiles.MinuteslaterIwasworkingonaborrowedmapfromakindshopkeeper,butitdidn’thelp.WhenIpassedabakerywiththesmelloffreshbread—areminderofmyhostel’sneighbourhood,alittlegirlnoticedmyconfusion.Shepointeddownanarrowalley(小巷),andsaid,“Praca,Madame.”Eventually,Icameacrossafamiliarstreetandmadeitbacktomyhostel.Wespendsomuchoflifeavoidingthefeelingofbeinglost.Butsometimes,it’sagoodwaytodiscoverwhatwe’recapableof.Lisbontaughtmethattheunknownisn’tsomethingtofear—it’swhereweoftenfindourselves.4．WhydidtheauthorwanderaroundLisbonwithoutmapandphone?A．TotravellightupthehillsofLisbon.B．Toenjoythefreedomofexploringcompletely.C．Toavoidbeingdisturbedbycallsduringhersolotrip.D．Tochallengehersenseofdirectioninanunknowncity.5．Afterrealizingshewaslost,theauthor______.A．tracedherstepstofindatinyrestaurantB．regrettednotbringingherdigitaldevicesC．experiencedashiftfrompanictocalmnessD．followedthepaintonawalltofindherwayback6．Howdidtheauthorfinallygetbacktothehostel?A．Sherecognizedabakerynearherhostel. B．Ashopkeeperlentheramapthatworked.C．Alittlegirlshowedhertherightdirection. D．SheaskedthelocalsforhelpinPortuguese.7．Whatmessagedoestheauthorconveythroughthestory?A．Solotravelisthebestwaytogrowup. B．Gettinglostcanleadtoself-discovery.C．Technologyshouldneverbeleftbehind. D．Localpeoplearealwayswillingtohelp.Theelectricgrid(电网)isundergrowingpressure.Energydemandisskyrocketing,electricitycostsforcustomersarerising,andextremeweatherevents—whichoftencausegriddisruptions—areincreasinginfrequencyandintensity.Oneemergingsolutioncouldprovidesomerelief.Virtualpowerplants(VPPs)canplayakeyroleinprovidingreliableandaffordablepowerondemandinseconds.VPPsareanetworkofdistributedenergyresources—energysolutionssuchassolarandbatterysystems,smartthermostats,andelectricvehiclesinstalledatorclosetohomesandbusinesses—thatcanhelpbalanceelectricitydemandandsupply.InplaceswhereVPPprogramsareavailablethroughautility(供电公司)orthird-partycompany,customerswhoinstalldistributedenergyresourcesattheirhomesorbusinessescanenrolltheirdevicesintotheseprograms.Thesecustomersarethenrewarded—usuallyintheformofacreditontheirutilitybill—inreturnforallowingtheirdistributedenergyresourcestoprovideenergytothegridwhennecessary.CustomerswithbatteriescantypicallyreservesomebatterycapacityjustfortheirpersonaluseorevenoptoutofVPPeventsentirely.TosendenergyfromaVPPtothegrid,acentralcontrollermonitorsVPPresourcesfromhundredsorthousandsofbuildingsanddispatches(调度)theirenergywhenit’sneededmost.Traditionalpowerplants,ontheotherhand,generatealargeamountofenergyatonesiteandinjectitontothetransmissiongrid.VPPshelpensure“resourceadequacy”,atermexpertsusetorefertotheabilityofthegridtosupplyenoughelectricityatalltimes.So,inperiodsofhighdemand,VPPscandispatchpowerfromdistributedenergyresourcestoboostthesupplyfromutility-scalegeneration,allowingutilitiestorelyonamorediversesetofgenerationsourcesacrossabroadergeography.Theycanalsoautomaticallyadjustdevicessuchasthermostatsduringperiodsofhighdemand,therebyreducingelectricityconsumption.VPPshavescaledbeyondthepilot(试点)stageandincreasingenergydemandismakingitamoreappealingsolutiontoensureareliablegrid.Althoughsomeexpertscallformorepilotprogramstotestdifferentsituations,therealneedfordevelopmentisclear:furtherregulatoryandlawmakingeffortsarenecessarytoenabletheseprogramstobecreatedandgrow.8．WhatcanwelearnaboutVPPsfromthispassage?A．Theyorganizethedistributedresourcestoensuregridreliability.B．Theyarecontrolledbyindividualhouseholdsindependently.C．Theyrequirecustomerstogiveuptheirbatterycapacity.D．Theyareusedinareaswithextremeweatherevents.9．WhatwillstillbeneededforVPPstogrowfurther?A．Morepilotprogramsacrossthecountry.B．Amorediversesetofgenerationsources.C．Supportfromgovernmentpoliciesandrules.D．MorecustomersparticipatinginVPPprograms.10．Whatisthemainpurposeofthetext?A．TocompareVPPswithtraditionalpowerplants.B．ToshowhowVPPshelpaddressgridchallenges.C．TodiscussthechallengesfacingVPPdevelopment.D．ToexplainhowhouseholdscanparticipateinVPPs.Asglobalizationweavestheworldintoacloser-knitcommunity,cross-culturalexchangeshavebecomepartofdailylife—especiallyforinternationalstudentsandyoungprofessionals,manyofwhomencountercultureshock.Oftendescribedasakindofdisorientationthatcomeswithsteppingintoanunfamiliarworld,itcancauseunease.Butwhenapproachedwiththerightmindset,thisseeminglytoughexperiencecanturnintoapreciouslearningjourney,nurturingpersonalgrowthanddeepeningourunderstandingofdifferentcultures.Theterm“cultureshock”wasfirstputforwardbyanthropologistKalervoOberginthe1960s,whomappedoutitsfourtypicalstages.Attheverybeginningcomesthe“honeymoonphase”,whenpeoplearedeeplyattractedbyeverythinginaforeigncountry,feelingcuriousandexcitedaboutthenewculture.Thencomesthe“frustrationphase”,duringwhichpeopleoftenfeelanxious,lonelyandevenimpatientastheyfindithardtofitinwiththenewenvironment.Afterthatisthe“adjustmentphase”.Peoplegraduallygetusedtothelocalcustomsandbegintoknowhowtogetalongwellinthenewcultureinthisphase.Finally,theyenterthe“adaptationphase”,inwhichtheyfullyacceptandfeelathomeinthenewculture.Manypeoplegettrappedinthecultureshock,butlittledotheyknow,thisiswheretruegrowthtakesroot.Oneofthegreatestgiftsofcultureshockisthatitsharpensourself-awareness.Whensurroundedbydifferentcustoms,whetherinhowpeoplecommunicate,goabouttheirdailylives,orviewtheworld,we’reforcedtolookatourownculturalhabitsfromanewperspective.Thisreflectionopensourmindstonewpossibilities,askillthat’smoreimportantthaneverinourinterconnectedworld.What’smore,overcomingcultureshockexercisesourproblem-solvingmuscles.Adaptingtoanewculturemeansdecodingunfamiliarsocialrules,bridginglanguagegaps,andmanagingemotionalupsanddowns—allofwhichtrainustobemoreflexibleandresourceful.Inaworldthatcelebratesculturaldiversity,cultureshockisnomoreathreattobeavoided.Instead,it’sagatewaytogrowthandbecomingatrueglobalcitizen.Thosewhoembraceit,ratherthanshrinkfromit,willfindthemselvesbetterabletothriveinourdiverseandever-changingworld.11．Whatdoestheword“disorientation”underlinedinParagraph1probablymean?A．Astateofconfusionandlossofdirection B．AfeelingofexcitementandcuriosityC．Astrongdesiretoreturnhome D．Asenseofcompleteboredom12．Whichsituationismostprobablyinthe“frustrationphase”?A．LindafeelsfullyfitinthenewcustomsB．Thomasisfascinatedabouteverythingnew.C．Tombeginstounderstandthenewculturalenvironment.D．Maryisundergreatpressurefromtheunfamiliarcustoms.13．Whichwouldtheauthormostlikelyagreewith?A．Thefrustrationphasethreatensculturaldiversity.B．Exposuretodiversecustomspromotesamoreflexiblemindset.C．Overcomingcultureshockmainlydependsonbridginglanguagegaps.D．Culturaldifferencesusuallymakepeoplesticktotheirownsocialrules.14．Whichisthebesttitleforthepassage?A．CultureShock:APathtoPersonalGrowth B．CultureShock:AWorldofDiversityC．WaystoOvercomeCultureShock D．TheFourStagesofCultureShockEachofusliveswithininvisibleboundaries—thosesetbyfear,self-doubt,socialexpectationsorpastexperiences.Theseboundaries,thoughsometimesprotective,oftenlimitourgrowthandpreventusfromexploringthefullpotentialoflife.15Breakingboundaryisnotaboutrecklessrisk-taking,butaboutgatheringthecouragetostepoutofyourcomfortzoneandembracenewpossibilities,whichisajourneyofself-discoveryandgrowth.Whyisbreakingboundarysoimportant?Foronething,ithelpsusescapethetrapofroutineandexpandourhorizons.Whenwestaywithinourfamiliarlimits,westoplearningandgrowing.16Foranother,breakingboundarybuildsresilienceandself-confidence.Everytimewechallengeaboundaryandsucceed,weprovetoourselvesthatwearecapableofmorethanwethought,whichstrengthensourbeliefinourownabilities.However,breakingboundaryisnotalwayseasy.Youmayfaceuncertainty,criticismorevenfailurealongtheway.17Ifyouwanttosucceed,youshouldstartsmall.Forexample,ifyouareshyandafraidofpublicspeaking,youcanbeginbyspeakingupinasmallgroupbeforemovingontolargeraudiences.Thisway,youcanbuildconfidencestepbystepwithoutfeelingoverwhelmed.18Itenablesyoutobeawareofyourownboundaries.Takesometimetoreflectonwhatisholdingyouback—Isitfearoffailure?Concernaboutothers’opinions?Onceyouidentifytherootcause,youcanmaketargetedeffortstoovercomeit.Additionally,it’simportanttohaveapositivemindsetandviewchallengesasopportunitiesratherthanthreats.Remember,everygreatachievementinhistoryistheresultofsomeonebreakingboundaries.Fromscientistswhochallengedestablishedtheoriestoartistswhopushedthelimitsofcreativity,theyalldaredtostepbeyondwhatwasconsidered“possible”.19So,daretobreakyourownboundaries,andyouwillbesurprisedbyhowmuchyoucanachieve.A．Buttheyarenotfixedandcanbebrokengradually.B．Manyfailtobreakboundariesduetoimmediatebigsteps.C．Breakingboundaryalsorequiresself-awarenessandapositiveattitude.D．It’simportanttosetcleargoalswhentryingtobreakyourpersonalboundaries.E．Breakingboundarydoesn’tmeanignoringalltherulesanddoingwhateveryouwant.F．Youdon’thavetobeageniustobreakboundaries—everyonecandoitwithpersistence.G．Bysteppingoutofourcomfortzone,weexposeourselvestonewideasandexperiences.阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。Inthedigitalage,theInternetreshapesfriendship.Whileitoffersunprecedentedconvenienceandconnectivity,italsopresentschallengesthatrequirecarefulconsideration.TheInternetundeniablyenrichesfriendshipsinmultipleways.Itmakescommunicationmuchmoreconvenient.Usingasmartphone,atabletoracomputer,youcanbeincontactathomeandalsowhenyouareonthemove.Ithasalsomadecommunicationmorefun,allowingyoutosharephotos,videos,andrespondwithemojis.Moreover,onlinecommunicationcanactuallybringpeopleclosertoeachother.Wheneversomeoneneedshelp,friendsfromallovertheworldcanimmediatelyprovideusefulsuggestionsorinformation,makingfriendsfeelcaredfor.However,thisdigitalconvenienceharborsrisks.Onlineinteractionsoftenlackthedepthofface-to-facecontact.Whencommunicatingthroughascreen,peoplemaynotfullyunderstandeachother’sfeelingsorexpressions,makingconversationsshallowandlesssincere.AccordingtoparentingexpertDeniseDaniels,italsomakesitharderforchildrentoconcentrateorshowkindnesstoothers.Sinceimportantsocialskillsaredevelopedthroughreal-lifecommunication,onlinecommunicationalonecanhardlyhelpusbuildtruelifelongfriendships.Moreover,theInternetcanmakepeopleself-centred—notthinkingofanyoneoranythingbutthemselves.Forexample,insteadofhavingproperconversationswiththeirfriends,somepeopleareonlyconcernedwiththeironlinepopularity—Howmany“likes”orfollowersdidIget?—thoughweknowthatthenumberof“likes”orfollowerscannotcomparetohavinglong-termandrewardingfriendships.Worsestill,onlinerelationshipsmaynotbewhattheyappeartobe.Friendshipsarebuiltontrust,andwithonlinecommunicationyoucanneverbe100percentsurethatthepeopleyouarechattingtoarebeinghonestaboutwhotheyare.Thus,goingonlinecanbeparticularlydangerousforpeoplewhoareeasilyinfluencedortootrusting.20．InwhatwayscantheInternetmakeonlinecommunicationmorefun?21．Whatareonlineinteractionsshortof?22．Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.▶TheInternetmaymakepeoplecareabouttheironlinepopularity,andthenumberof“likes”orfollowersmeansalotforbuildinglong-termfriendships.23．Asateenager,whatpracticaltipscanyougiveyourpeerstodevelophealthyonlinefriendships?(Inabout40words)二、完形填空Mygrandfatherwasacarpenter.bringingoldwoodbacktolife.WhenIwasfifteen,Iconsideredhiswork24.Iwasabsorbedinthedigitalworld,witheverythingnewandefficient.Ididn’tunderstandwhyhespentsomuchtimeonbrokenthings.Onesummer,heaskedmetohelphim25anoldbenchinthetownsquare.Itwasweather-beaten,itswoodgreyandcracked.“Whynotjust26anewone?Asacarpenter,youcoulddoitfaster,”Isuggested.Grandfathersimplysmiledandsaid,“Somethingshold27,Liam.Theycarrymoreprofoundmeaningthannewones.”Unwillingly,Istartedhelping.Hetaughtmetosmooththewood28,nottorush.Astheoldlayersofpaintanddirt29,thehiddengrainonthewoodslowlyappeared.Wefoundsomecarvedlettersandasmallheart,probablyleftbyyoungloversdecadesago.Grandfathertoldmestoriesaboutthetown,storiesconnectedtothebench.Witheverymovementofthesandpaper,IfeltIwas30asecrethistory,noterasing.Thefinalstepwastoapplyanewcoatofoil.Asthewarmcolorreturnedtothewood,Irealizedthiswasn’tjustaboutfixingabench,butaboutour31fortime,historyandthestoriesembeddedinordinaryobjects.IhadbeensofocusedonthenewandefficientthatIhadoverlookedthevalueofpreservationandthedepththatcomeswithage.Thisexperiencetaughtmetoseethe32valueinthings,andbyextension,inpeople.Ifinallyunderstoodmygrandfather.Hisworkwasagentle33oftheideaofathrow-awayculture.Hewasn’tjustacarpenter;hewasakeeperofstories,ahealerofbrokenthings,andmymostprofoundteacher.24．A．practical B．outdated C．tiring D．creative25．A．restore B．design C．decorate D．remove26．A．borrow B．choose C．order D．make27．A．memories B．dreams C．hopes D．messages28．A．properly B．seriously C．patiently D．quietly29．A．cameoff B．flewaway C．driedup D．leftbehind30．A．packing B．guessing C．recording D．uncovering31．A．curiosity B．respect C．thirst D．gratitude32．A．formal B．modern C．invisible D．potential33．A．refusal B．symbol C．choice D．praise三、语法填空阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。Now,Iliveinthecountryside,34bamboosgrowwildinthemountains.Nothinginmylifebeforepreparedmeforthisone—andthefirsttimeIcamehereIneverimaginedIwouldeverfeelcomfortableinthisarea.Forexample,the‘‘sunshinesmell”of35(fresh)sunnedclothesimpressesmemost.Ifyou’veneverexperiencedthe“sunshinesmell”,you’remissingoutononeoflife’s36(wonder).阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。Wanttostartworkingout?Congratulations!Youhavejusttakenyourfirststeptowardsanenhancedversionof37(you).However,somepeopleassumethatifsomeexerciseisbeneficial,moreisnecessarilybetter.Thus,theytendtoexercisecontinuouslyfora38(long)time.Forinstance,somepeoplegojoggingforhoursonendduetostep-countingsmartphoneapplications.Suchahabitputspressureonthebodyandcanposeaseverehealthriskif39(maintain)inthelongrun.阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。40(buy)extratobenefitfrompricereductionsdoesn’tmakesense.Ifasupermarket41(sell)looseproducethenyourpurchaseofsmallerquantitiesiseasier.Overthelasttwoyears,somesupermarkets42(keep)offeringchickenorsaladinpacksdesignedwithseparatesections.Whenyouuseonesection,theotherstaysfresh.Thiscleverdesignnotonlycutsdownonfoodwastebutalsomakesitmuchmoreconvenientforasingleperson43(shop).四、书信写作44．假设你是红星中学高二学生李华。你的外国好友Jim对中国生肖文化很感兴趣，得知今年是马年，发来邮件请你介绍生肖“马”。请你用英文给他回复，内容包括：1．生肖“马”在中国文化中的象征意义；2．与“马”相关的一个词语及其寓意。提示词：生肖theChinesezodiac注意：1．词数100左右；2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。DearJim,___________________