广东广州市越秀区2025-2026学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题（含答案）

2025学年第二学期期末调研参考资料高二年级英语学科本调研资料共11页，满分120分。建议完成时间：120分钟。注意事项：1.作答前，学生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的学校、班级、姓名、座位号和调研号填写在答题卡相应的位置上。用2B铅笔将调研号、座位号填涂在答题卡相应位置上。因调研没有听力，选择题从第二部分的“阅读”开始，题目序号从“21”开始。2.作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在调研资料上。3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内的相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案；不准使用铅笔、圆珠笔或涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。4.学生必须保持答题卡的整洁；调研结束后，将调研资料和答题卡一并交回。第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AIfyouareascienceorhistoryenthusiastlookingforauniqueadventure,theseexpert-ledtoursareperfectforyou.DinosaurHuntingintheGobiDesert,MongoliaThevastGobiDesert,oneoftheworld’stopfossilresearchhotspots,holdscountlessprehistoricsecrets.Onthisone-of-a-kindexpedition,youwilltakepartinfossildiggingatkeysites,withtherarechancetowitnessagroundbreakingdiscovery.ThetourisledbyexpertSusannahMaidment,withprofessionalsupportfromtheMongolianFossilResearchInstitute.MachuPicchu&theScienceoftheInca,PeruMachuPicchuisjustthebeginning.Onthistour,youwillvisittheiconicsitetwiceandexplorethelesser-knownruinsofWaqrapukarafreely.Throughlecturesandwalkingseminarswithwell-knownIncaexpertDrJacquesDecoster,youwilluncoverthescienceandculturebehindtheancientcivilization.SURF&theBlackHills:DarkMatterTour,USHeadtotheSanfordUndergroundResearchFacility(SURF),atoplab2kilometresbeneathSouthDakota’sBlackHills.Watchscientistsstudyneutrinos,darkmatterandnuclearfusion(核聚变)upclose.Expertswillturncomplexgeologyandbiologyintoengagingstoriesforyou.TourDetailsTourNameDatePrice(per-person)DiscountInformationDinosaurHuntingintheGobiDesert27Aug–8Sep,2026£420Book4monthsinadvance:10%offMachuPicchu&theScienceoftheInca13–21Aug,2026£390Groupbooking(≥4people):8%offSURF&theBlackHills:DarkMatterTour21–27Aug,2026£360Earlybird(book4monthsinadvance):5%offImportantNotesAllpricesincludeaccommodation,mealsandguidedactivities,butexcludeinternationalflights.Bookingsmustbemade3monthsinadvance,anda20%depositisrequiredtoconfirmyourspot.Participantsmustbeingoodphysicalhealth,especiallyfortheGobiandPerutourswhichinvolvehiking.21.WhatdistinguishestheGobiDeserttourfromtheothers?A.Exploringancientruinswithaleadingexpert.B.Carryingoutresearchinanundergroundfacility.C.Studyinggeologicalfeaturesofdesertlandscapes.D.Uncoveringprehistoricremainsatactualdigsites.22.WhatdotheGobiandPerutourshaveincommon?A.Theybothfeaturelecturesbyexperts.B.Theybothlastformorethantendays.C.Theybothrequiregoodphysicalhealth.D.Theybothofferdiscountsforgroupbooking.23.HowmuchwillacouplepayfortheDarkMatterTourwithearlybooking?A.About£342.B.About£360.C.About£684.D.About£720.BAtagefour,Ifoundagardenhiddenunderneaththekitchenfloor,behindpiecesofcarpet.Myeyesbecamegluedtotherosesbloomingacrossmychildhoodlandscape,fillingmewithjoyandadventure.Mypassionandconnectiontogardensstartedatthatmoment.Whenspringarrived,Irushedoutdoors,throwingmyselfonafreshcarpetofgrass.Excited,bouncedtomyfeetandflippedsomersaults(筋斗)beforelandingbymymother,whowasbreakingupthesoilinthegarden.Ithensatbesideher,playingwithmudpiesintheflowerbeds.Whenherworkwasdone,sherewardedmewithaglassofbittersweetlemonade.Duringmychildhood,itseemedthattheflowersfromhergardenshealedusfromheadtotoe.Inourlastconversationbeforeherdeath,motherencouragedmetogoanywhereintheworldthatwouldmakemehappy.Sincethen,Ihaverecreatedhergardensthroughartworldwide,beautifyingcountlessparksandcourtyards.Gardeninghastaughtmethatplantingagardenisthesameascreatingourlives.Everyspringyoubreakupthesoilandstartanew.Youclearoutthedeadleavesandrootsofthewinter.Thenaddpropernutrientsintothesoilandkeepthetopsoillooseandfresh.Youwon’tgetthosebeautifulbloomsinlifeuntilyoufirstdotheworkjustright.Whengardensarebalancedwithcare,wecanharvestthebeautyoflivingalifeofgrace.Gardensarefullofmagicalwisdom.Acaterpillar’stransformationcomeswithnecessarystruggle.Withoutthispainfulfighttobreakfreefromtheconfinesofthecocoon(茧),thenewlyformedbutterflycan’tstrengthenitswings.Withoutsuchabattle,itcannevertakeflight.Thesameistrueforusinthegardenofhardship.Gardenscasttheirreflectionintoourlives.Sonurtureyourtalentsandstrengths,cultivateagardenforgiving,andplantthoseseedsforthefuture.Thegardenistheworldlivingdeepinsideofus.24.Whatdoesparagraph2mainlydescribe?A.Mydelightinthegarden.B.Mother’scareformygrowth.C.Myreflectiononthegarden.D.Mother’sdevotiontothegarden.25.Howwastheauthorinfluencedbyhermother?A.Sheplantedflowersforpublicparksglobally.B.Sheartisticallyreproducedhermother’sgardens.C.Shebecameaprofessionalgardenerlikehermother.D.Shetraveledworldwidetofindhermother’sgardens.26.Whydoestheauthormentionthebutterfly’sstruggle?A.Toexplainanaturalgrowingtrend.B.Toemphasizethevalueofhardship.C.Todescribethestagesofinsectgrowth.D.Tohighlightthebeautyoftransformation.27.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.TheArtofPlantingSeedsB.GardensasMirrorstoLifeC.ThePassionforGardeningD.Mother’sGardeningWisdomCAccordingtoscientificresearch,theTaklamakanDesertinnorthwesternChinahasbeenavastandbarrenwastelandformillionsofyears.Butafterdecadesofecologicalengineering,itsedgesareslowlytransforming.AstudypublishedinPNASinJanuary2026showsthatduringthewetseason(JulytoSeptember),carbondioxide(CO₂)levelsoverthedesertedgedropbyabout3ppm—aclearsignofagrowingcarbonsink.Vegetationcoverthereisincreasingatanannualrateof6.8×10⁻⁴peryear(asmallbutsteadygainingreencover),andphotosynthesis(光合作用)isrisingaswell.Importantly,thecarbonabsorptionhappensmainlyalongthedesert’sedge,wherewaterismoreavailable,notdeepinsidethesanddunes(沙丘).However,plantingtreesinsuchaharsh,dryenvironmentpresentsasignificantlong-termchallenge.“Desertprojectsneedtobesustainable,”saysatmosphericphysicistKing–FaiLioftheUniversityofCalifornia,Riverside,wholedthestudy.“Theyneedtobeplannedforthelongtermandcontributetoclimatechangereduction.”Healsowarnsthat“We’renotgoingtosolvetheclimatecrisisbyplantingtreesindesertsalone.”Thisisbecauseoverthepastfewdecades,humanactivityandclimatechangehavecauseddramaticgrowthofdeserts,damaginglocalagriculture.Inresponse,Chinabeganamajorshelterbeltprogramin1978,withplansextendingto2050.Theconservationeffortsaimtoincreaseforestcover,fightsandstorms,andturndesertedgesintocarbonsinks.Theseafforestationprojectsalsoreducewinderosion(风蚀)andprotectlocalfarms.LiandhisteamsuggestthatthesuccessintheTaklamakan—thoughlimitedtoitsedges—couldserveasamodelforotherextremedrylandscapesaroundtheworld.Theystressthatcarefulplanning,sufficientwaterresources,andpatienceareessential.Withtheseconditions,eventhemostbarrenlandscanplayasupportingroleintheglobaleffortagainstclimatechange.28.WhatdoesthePNASstudysuggestaboutthedesert’sedge?A.Itscarbonabsorptionhasbeenincreasing.B.Itsvegetationcoverisexpandingalarmingly.C.Itsroleasacarbonsourcehasgrownrapidly.D.ItsCO₂levelisontheriseduringrainydays.29.WhatisKing–FaiLi’sattitudetowardplantingtreesindeserts?A.Critical.B.Cautious.C.Opposed.D.Dismissive.30.Whatcanbeinferredabouttheshelterbeltprogram?A.Itfocusesonprotectingdeepdesertareas.B.ItwasdesignedtosupportthePNASstudy.C.Itisplannedtogainbenefitsinthelongrun.D.Ithasfailedtoreducetheriskofsandstorms.31.WhatdoesLiandhisteam’sstatementfocuson?A.Thepotentialoftheavailablemodel.B.Theimportanceofadequateresources.C.Thevalueofglobaleffortsinplanning.D.Thelimitationsofthepresentapproach.DScientistshavefoundthatwhenusingartificialintelligence(AI)tosolveproblems,peopletendedtoputtoomuchfaithinthequalityoftheanswers,withthemostexperiencedAIusersdoingsothemost.AswebecomemoreAI-literate,theresearchersexpectedparticipantstobebetteratinteractingwithAIsystemsandjudgingtheirperformance.“Instead,ourfindingsrevealasignificantinabilitytoassessone’sperformanceaccuratelywhenusingAI,”saidRobinWelsch,acomputerscientistwhoco-authoredthereport.Inthestudy,scientistsgave500subjectslogicalreasoningtaskswithhalfallowedtouseChatGPT.BothgroupswerelaterquizzedonboththeirAIliteracyandhowwelltheythoughttheyperformed.Thereasonsbehindthefindingsarevaried.BecauseAIuserswereusuallysatisfiedwiththeiranswerafteronlyoneprompt,acceptingtheanswerwithoutfurthercheckingorconfirmation,theycanbesaidtohaveengagedinwhatWelschcallscognitiveoffloading,examiningthequestionwithreducedreflectionandapproachingitinamoreshallowway.Lessengagementinourownreasoning,termedmetacognitivemonitoring,meansweskiptheusualfeedbackloopsofcriticalthinking,whichreducesourabilitytojudgeourperformanceaccurately.EvenmorerevealingwasthefactthatwealloverestimateourabilitieswhenusingAI,regardlessofintelligence,withthegapbetweenhighandlow-skillusersshrinking.TheteamwarnedofseveralconsequencesasAIbecomesmorewidespread.Firstly,metacognitiveaccuracyoverallmightsuffer.Aswerelymoreonresultswithoutrigorouslyquestioningthem,atrade-offemergeswherebyuserperformanceimprovesbutanappreciationofhowwellwedowithtasksdeclines.Withoutreflectingonresults,errorcheckingordeeperreasoning,weriskweakeningourabilitytofindreliableinformation.What’smore,wemaycontinuetooverestimateourabilitieswhileusingAI,withthemoreAI-literatedoingsoevenmore,leadingtomoremiscalculateddecision-makingandalossofskills.OnemethodthestudysuggeststoarrestsuchdeclineistohaveAIencouragefurtherquestioningfromusersthroughconfidencescoresorpromptslike“Howconfidentareyouinthisanswer?”or“Whatmightyouhavemissed?”32.HowdoskilledAIuserstypicallyactwhenusingAI?A.TheytendtoquestionAI’sresponsesfrequently.B.TheyexcelatinteractingwithvariousAIsystems.C.TheychallengeAIanswersmorethanbeginnersdo.D.Theyfailtojudgetheirownperformanceaccurately.33.Whichofthefollowingsituationsbestillustrates“cognitiveoffloading”?A.Reviewingnotesbeforeanexamtomemorizefacts.B.Double-checkinganswerswithaportablecalculator.C.Analyzingpatienthistorybeforemakingadiagnosis.D.FollowingGPSdirectionswithoutcheckingroadsigns.34.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“trade-off”inparagraph5mean?A.Gain.B.Balance.C.Loss.D.Substitute35.Whatisthescientists’majorconcernregardingwidespreadAIuse?A.Thegapbetweenexperiencedandlow-skillAIusersiswidening.B.AIusemayweakenusers’abilitytofindanyreliableinformation.C.Humansmaylosetheircapacityforself-evaluationandcriticalthinking.D.Short-termperformanceimprovesatthecostoflong-termmemoryskills.第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Ifyouthinkofpersonaltimeonlyas“notworking,”youmightbemissingoutontrulyenrichingexperiences.Whileworkrequiresdisciplineandtraining,freetimeshouldbeeasyandnatural.Wespendyearspreparingforourcareers.36___Thisbeliefsuggeststhatwhileworkdemandsdiscipline,freetimeisonlyforrelaxation.37___Accordingtothisfamousphilosopher,whenweunderstandandpracticeleisureproperly,wecanreachourbestselves.Hebelievedthatleisureisthefoundationofculture.Toachievethis,wemusttreatourfreetimewithjustasmuchseriousnessaswedoourcareers.Itisnotjustabout“chillingout.”38___Whenworkbecomestoohard,weoftendefineleisureascompleteinactivity.Forinstance,atiredbusinessmanmightwanttositonabeachanddonothing.39___Hebelievedthatleisureisnotjustabreakfromwork.Hesaidtheoppositeoftrueleisureisactuallymentallaziness.Forhim,leisuremeanshavinganopenmindandlookingattheworldwithdeepinterestandcare.Trueleisureistheworkyoudoforyourselfwithouttheeconomicpressuretoearnmoney.40___Instead,itinvolvesmeaningfulanddeepexperiences.Thesecanbeenjoyinggreatart,learningnewideas,andstayingclosetonature.Bychoosingthesemeaningfulactivities,wecanuseourfreetimewellandbecomewiser,moreeffective,andhappierindividuals.A.JosefPieperrejectedthiswayofthinking.B.However,JosefPieper,hadaverydifferentidea.C.Yetthereisnosuchthingasa“SchoolofLeisure”.D.Itisaboutdoingnothingandkillingtimeaimlessly.E.Mostpeopleholdawrongunderstandingofwhatleisureis.F.Instead,itisavaluablepartoflifethathelpsusgrowandgainwisdom.G.Itdoesnotincludemindlessactivitieslikescrollingthroughsocialmedia.第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Emily,a19-year-oldgirlfromMaryland,USA,foundoutthatherfatherhadstagefourcancer.Her41___wasalittledifferentthanyoumightexpect.To42___herfather,whoshealsodescribesasherbestfriend,shedecidedtostartabookdrivecalledForLoveandCare,43___booksforkidswithcancer.“Itwasverymuchan44___idea,”sheexplains.“Ipostedamessageonanappaskingmyneighborsfordonationsof45___books.ItjustfeltlikesomethingIcouldtry—asmallstepwhenIdidn’tknowwhatelsetodo.Iwasbarely46___afewhereandthere,buttheresponsewastruly47___anditwasjustthepushIneededtoco-existwithmygriefratherthanlettingit48___me.“Itwasabsolutelyheartbreakingtowatchmydad49___cancerandseehimlosealittlebitofhimselfeachday,butthebookdriveallowedmetodevelopanewfoundsenseof50___combinedwithanevengreatersenseofcompassiontohelpkids.They’vealwayshelda51___inmyheart.”Usingtipssheearnsfromworkingatherparents’breadshop,Emilyhasalsoboughtmanybooksoutofherownpocket.Inaddition,shereceives52___throughYourWishlist,whichcanbefoundintheintroductiontothebook’ssocialmediaaccount,@forloveandcare.Emilyandherolderbrotherspentawholesummerdrivingaroundtown,53___boxesofbooksintotheircar.“Itwassuchaprivilegeknowingpeoplehavecarriedthesebooksalltheirlivesthroughgenerations,andtheywantedto54___themtomycause.”Theprojecthasseenhugesuccess,withForLoveandCaredonatingover15,000booksandbeing55___byTheVolunteerServiceAwardandLadyMay’sFoundation.41.A.sorrowB.responseC.treatmentD.anticipation42.A.saveB.comfortC.cureD.honor43.A.collectingB.contributingC.purchasingD.distributing44.A.ordinaryB.innovativeC.overnightD.obvious45.A.newB.usedC.reservedD.restored46.A.showingB.postingC.expectingD.refusing47.A.overwhelmingB.discouragingC.shockingD.confusing48.A.distractB.refreshC.transformD.consume49.A.comedownwithB.gothroughC.recoverfromD.runawayfrom50.A.belongingB.satisfactionC.controlD.purpose51.A.softspotB.firmbeliefC.sweetmemoryD.quietcorner52.A.souvenirsB.commentsC.donationsD.orders53.A.throwingB.loadingC.conveyingD.tying54.A.giftB.lendC.deliverD.assign55.A.informedB.remarkedC.recognizedD.urged第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。Mostofourplanetremainsamysterybeneaththesurface.TheoceancoversmostoftheEarth,yetonly5%ofit56___(explore).Seaexplorationhelpsuslearnmoreaboutthishuge,mysteriousworldunderthewaves.OnekeytoolforseaexplorationistheROV,orRemotelyOperatedVehicle.ROVsaresmallrobots57___(control)bypeopleonashipabove.Theyhavebrightlights58___(see)inthedark,camerastotakephotosandvideos,andevenarmstopickupsmallobjects.Theyalsodiscovernewseacreatures,59___glowingfishthatliveinthedarkdeepsea.Exploringthedeepoceanisnoteasy.Thedeeppartsareverycold,almost60___(freeze),andthepressureissohighitcancrushahuman.There’snosunlight.That’s61___weneedtoolslikeROVsinsteadofsendingpeopledown62___(direct).EvenwithROVs,ittakesalotoftimeandmoneytoexploretheseareas.Wegainalotfromseaexploration.Ithelpsusknowhowsealifesurvivesintoughenvironmentsandunderstandocean63___(current)thatinfluenceglobalclimate.Withthisknowledge,wecanpredictweather,guardcoastsagainststorms,andreducepollution64___(harm)marinelife.Seaexplorationisimportantforourfuture.65___theplanetchanges,theoceanplaysabigroleinkeepingourclimatestable.Everynewdiscoveryhelpsusunderstandourplanetalittlebetter.第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）假定你是李华，你曾参加上届“国际青少年职业生涯训练营”的志愿服务工作，近日获主办方邀请在本届活动的招募仪式上发言。请结合你的志愿者经历，写一篇英语发言稿，内容包括：1.感谢邀请；2.分享收获；3.呼吁参加。参考词汇：theInternationalYouthCareerCamp注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.文章的开头个结尾已经给出，请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Distinguishedguestsandfellowyoungfriends,Goodmorning!_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Thankyouall.第二节（满分25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Foraslongashecouldremember,Leohadbeen“theboywithnovoice.”Heheardeverything—therobinstuningupatdawn,thewindcombingthroughthepinesbehindhishouse,hismotherhummingsoftandlowwhileshestirredthesoup.Butwheneverhetriedtospeak,thewordsstuckinhisthroatlikestones.Atschool,hisclassmateshadstoppedlaughingyearsago.Nowsomeofthemjustlookedawaywhenheopenedhismouth,theireyesslidingpasthimasifwaitingforhimtodisappear.Thatquiet,patientpity—itpresseddownharderthananycrueljokeeverhad.Everyevening,Leo’smothersatwithhimattheiroldkitchentable.Itssurfacewasscarredbyhomeworkandspilledmilk,buthervoicewasalwaysgentle.“Ca…t,Cat,”shewouldsoundout,slowashoney.Leowatchedherlips,studiedtheshapeofeachsound,andtried.Mostdays,onlyadefeatedbreathescaped.Butonceinawhile—arough,brokennoise,notquiteawordbutsomethingclose.Onthoserareevenings,shewouldwrapherarmsaroundhimandwhisper,“That’smyboy.Oneday,you’llspeakthewholesky.”Onedayafterclass,Mrs.Sanders,hisEnglishteacher,cameuptohim.Hereyeswerekindbutserious.“I’vewatchedyoureyeswhenyouread,Leo,”shesaid.“Youfeelthemusicofwords.That’sakindofvoice,too.”Shehandedhimaletterabouttheschool’spoetrycontest.“Onepoem.Twelvelines.We’llpracticetogether—justyouandmeafterschool.”Leosaidnothing.Buthedidn’tthrowtheletteraway.Forthreeweeks,Mrs.Sandersstayedlateeverysingleday.Progresscamepainfullyslowly.Leostumbledoverthesamesyllablesagainandagain,hisfaceburning,hishandsclenched.Attimes,frustrationweighedheavilyonthemboth.Yeteachafternoonafterschool,Mrs.Sanderswouldberightthere—sittingintheemptyclassroom,waitingpatientlyforhimtotryagain.Thenightofthecontest,Leostoodbehindtheheavyredcurtain.Throughasmallgap,hesawtheauditorium:hundredso