辽宁省营口市2021年初中中考英语真题试题试卷（含答案解释）

辽宁省营口市2021年初中中考英语真题试题试卷【含答案解释，可编辑】注意事项：1．答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息2．请将答案正确填写在答题卡上第I卷（选择题）请点击修改第I卷的文字说明第II卷（非选择题）请点击修改第II卷的文字说明一、单项选择1．Heisgoingtobuy________usefulbook.And________bookisonscience.A．a；an B．a；the C．an；an D．an；the2．________suchacoldmorning,Ialsogotup________6o’clocktogoforarunasusual.A．Before；in B．At；to C．On；at D．In；at3．Wefind________moreusefulforstudentstodoneweyeexercises.A．it B．this C．one D．that4．Hegot________birthdaycakesonhis________birthday.A．second；fifteen B．two；fifteen C．second；fifteenth D．two；fifteenth5．Heneversmokes________dropslitterinpublic.A．and B．or C．but D．so6．—Look!Thekidsareplayingontheplayground.—________greattimetheyarehaving!A．What B．How C．Whata D．Howa7．Onethousandkilometers________quitealongwaytotheancient,butnowwecancompletethejourneyinaboutonehourbyair.A．was B．had C．were D．have8．The________newsmadehim________.Hedidn’tfallasleepuntilmidnight.A．excited;excited B．exciting;exciting C．exciting;excited D．excited;exciting9．Lingling’sfathertriedhisbestto________whotookhisdaughtertothehospitalaftertheaccident.A．workout B．findout C．lookout D．comeout10．Holdingthe________,Imanagedtofixthenewkindofmachine.A．introductions B．inventions C．invitations D．instructions11．—Iwillgoswimmingthisafternoon,Daming.—Ifyougo,so________I.A．will B．do C．am D．have12．—MayIfishhere?—Sorry,you________.Lookatthesign“Nofishing”!A．may B．mustn’t C．can D．needn’t13．Creditcards（信用卡）matteralot________thanbefore.Weusuallypaywithsmartphonesnow.A．little B．fewer C．less D．more14．Hewastoosadtosay________whenheheardthebadnews.A．something B．anything C．everything D．nothing15．Thelecture（讲座）isworth________.PleasetellJohn________late.A．attend;notbe B．toattend;tobe C．attended;tobeing D．attending;nottobe16．Whereweshouldgo________nextFriday.A．isdecided B．wasdecided C．willbedecided D．hasbeendecided17．I’llneverforgettheplace________wevisitedtogetherlastyear.A．which B．what C．who D．whom18．Wecangetoverthetrouble________wedependonourowncountry.A．asmuchas B．asfaras C．assoonas D．aslongas19．—Areyoulookingforwardtothepicnictomorrow?I’mwondering________.—Let’smakeitathalfpast6.A．wherewillwehaveapicnicB．whatwewilldoandseeC．howwillweclimbupthemountainD．whenwewillmeetattheschoolgate20．—Thefinalexamiscoming.Allofusareworkingsohard.—________.Justbelieveinyourself.A．Takeiteasy B．Congratulations C．Don’tmentionit D．Youarewelcome二、完形填空Somepeoplestillliveinherhometown.But____21____mayonlyreturnonceortwiceayear.Nowadays,millionsofChineseleavethecountryside____22____forworkinthecities.____23____theseisLiDaming,a38-year-oldhusbandandfather.He____24____Shanghaiforthepast13years.Workinginabusyfactory,hedoesn’tfind____25____timetovisithishometown.“I____26____returnhomeatleastonceayear,butIhaven’tbeenbackforalmostthreeyearsnow.It’s____27____shame,butIjustdon’thavethetime,”hesays.ManypeoplelikeLiDamingshowgreatinterestinthechangesoftheirhometowns.Lotsoflargehospitalsandnewroadshaveappeared.Inmanyplaces,alotofexcellentteachersfromthecities____28____tohelpaswell.“I____29____that’strueofmyhometown,”addsLiDaming.“Childrenhavelearnedtoreadandcountatmyoldprimaryschoolsincethe____30____century.Butnowthebuildingsarereallyold.Iheartheyaregoingtobuildanewschoolthere.”LiDamingthinks____31____aregood,andhealsoknowsthathishometowncannotalwaysstaythesame.____32____LiDaming,greatchangeshavetakenplaceinhishometown.____33____,somethingswillneverchange.“Inmyhometown,abigoldtree____34____stilloppositetheschoolandhasbecomequiteasymboloftheplace.WhenIwasyoung,mostofthechildreninmyhometownlikedtoplaytogetherunderthatbigtree____35____duringthesummerholiday.Thatwasourhappychildhood.Ourhometownhasleftmanysoftandsweetmemoriesinourminds.”21．A．other B．theother C．another D．others22．A．tosearch B．search C．searching D．searched23．A．Between B．Middle C．Among D．During24．A．havegoneto B．hasbeenin C．havebeento D．hasbeento25．A．many B．themore C．much D．themost26．A．beusedtodoing B．beusedto C．beusedfor D．usedto27．A．/ B．the C．an D．a28．A．havebeensent B．weresent C．aresending D．willsend29．A．founded B．looked C．noticed D．hoped30．A．mid-twenty B．mid-twentieth C．mid-twelve D．mid-twelfth31．A．developments B．competitions C．inventions D．progresses32．A．Accordingto B．Forexample C．Inorderto D．Eversince33．A．Even B．Or C．And D．However34．A．was B．is C．were D．willbe35．A．specially B．especially C．particularly D．properly三、阅读单选MuseumsComputerMuseum

ThemostinterestingmuseumIhavebeentoistheAmericanComputerMuseum.Ithasinformationaboutdifferentcomputersandwhoinventedthem.Theoldcomputersweremuchbigger.Itisunbelievablethattechnologyhasprogressedinsucharapidway!ToiletMuseumIhaverecentlybeentoaveryunusualmuseuminIndia，theInternationalMuseumofToilets.Themuseumteachespeopleaboutthehistoryanddevelopmentoftoilets.Italsoencouragesgovernmentsandsocialgroupstothinkaboutwaystoimprovetoiletsinthefuture.TeaMuseumLastyearIwenttotheHangzhouNationalTeaMuseum.Theteaartperformancesshowedhowtomakeaperfectcupofteawithbeautifulteasets.Watchingtheteapreparationwasasenjoyableasdrinkingtheteaitself.ScienceMuseumTheScienceMuseuminLondonisanoisyplace.Peoplecantalkaboutwhattheycanseeanddothereandtherearesomeverynoisymachinesaswell.Thesciencemuseumisinterestingandfriendlyforpeopleofallages.SoifyouevergotoLondon，makesureyouvisitit.36．Howmanymuseumsarementionedintheform?A．Six. B．Five. C．Three. D．Four.37．HowtodescribetheAmericanComputerMuseum?It’s________.A．unusual B．interesting C．relaxing D．noisy38．WhatcanwelearnattheInternationalMuseumofToilets?A．Someinformationaboutwhoinventedtoilets.B．Whenthefirstsuccessfulphotowastaken.C．Howpeopledugcoalfromtheground.D．Thehistoryanddevelopmentoftoilets.39．WhenyouwenttotheTeaMuseuminHangzhoulastyear,whatcouldyouseethere?A．Theteaartperformances.B．Makingbeautifulteasets.C．Pickinguptealeaves.D．Sometraditionalmagicshows.40．WhydoyouthinktheScienceMuseuminLondonisanoisyplace?A．Becauseyoucan'tbelievethattechnologyhasprogressedinsucharapidway.B．Becauseyoucanthinkaboutwaystoimprovetoiletsinthefuture.C．Becauseyoucantalkaboutwhatyoucanseeandthemachinesarenoisytoo.D．Becausewatchingtheteapreparationisjustlikedrinkingtheteaitself.Oncetherelivedawiseman.Hewasworriedabouthisson’sfuturebecausehissonwaslazy.Oneday,hesaidtohisson,“Iwantyoutofindsometreasure.Ihavedrawnamaptoguideyou”.Thesonsetoutthenextday.Alongtheway,hewashelpedbysomeonewithfoodandbysomeonewithroomstolivein.Hecameacrossrobbers（强盗）.Healsosawchangingsceneryandseasons.Finally,afteralongyear,hegottotheplacehisfatherhadsaid.Ittookhimtwodaystolookforthetreasurebutfoundnothing.Sohehadtogetbacktohishome.Sometimes,hewouldstoptoenjoythebeautyofnature.Healsolearnttomakemeals.Heevenhadtofixhisclotheshimself.Hemetthesamepeoplewhohadhelpedhimearlier.Thistime,hestayedandhelpedtheminordertorepaythem.Whenhegothome,heapologizedtohisfatherfornotfindingthetreasure.“Therewasn’tanytreasure,”thefatheransweredwithasmile.“ButIthinkyouhavefoundyourlife’struetreasure.”41．Whatdidthewisemantellhissontofind?A．Hisfuture. B．Amap. C．Sometreasure. D．Aspecialplace.42．Whatdidn’tthesonseeduringthejourney?A．Robbers. B．Sea. C．Scenery. D．Rooms.43．Didthesonfindthetreasureatlast?A．No,hefoundsomething.B．Yes,hefoundamap.C．Yes,hefoundrobbers.D．No,hefoundnothing.44．Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?A．Atfirstthesonwasreallylazywithoutfuture.B．Thefatherwasworriedabouthisson’slife.C．Hedidn’tfixhisclotheshimselfonhiswayback.D．Thesonhelpedthepeoplewhohadhelpedhimbefore.45．Whatisthebesttitle?A．Thetruetreasureinyourlife.B．Thehardexperienceofthelazyson.C．Helpingothersmeanshelpingyourself.D．Followyourfathersadvicewhenyouareyoung.TheBrightestStarintheSkyYuanLongpingisoneofthemostfamousscientists.Heregardshimselfasafarmerbecausehedoshisresearchinthefields.Infact,hissunburntfaceandarmsandhisslim,strongbodyarejustlikethoseofmillionsoffarmers.Dr.YuanLongpinggrowswhatiscalledsuperhybrid（杂交性的）rice.In1974,hebecamethefirstagricultural（农业的）pioneerinthewordtogrowricehathasahighoutput（产量）.Thisspecialricemakesitpossibletoproduceone﹣thirdmoreofthecropinthesamefields.Nowmorethan60%ofthericeproducedinChinaeachyearisfromthehybridricestrain（品种，种类）.HewasborninBeijingin1930.SincehegraduatedfromSouthwestAgriculturalCollegein1953.Findingwaystogrowmorericehasbeenhislifegoal.Hesearchedforawaytoincreasericeharvestswithoutexpanding（扩大，增加）theareaofthefields.Inarecentresearch，theseincreasedharvestsmeanthat22%oftheworld'speoplearefedfromjust7%ofthefarmlandinChina.India,Vietnamandmanyotherlessdevelopedcountrieshaveplantedsuperhybridricetoincreasetheirriceharvests.Unluckily,hediedonMay22,2021.Thoughhewasillinbed,hestillcaredabouthisriceinthefields.Healwayssaid,"Amanisjustlikeaseed.Pleasebeagoodseed."YuanworksforthepeoplenotonlyinChinabutalsoaroundtheworld.Hehasbecomeaheroandisrememberedineveryone'sheartforever.Heiscalled"thebrighteststarinthesky"byhisstudents.46．WhatdoesYuanLongpingdo?A．Afarmer. B．Apioneer. C．Ascientist. D．Ahero.47．WhydoesYuanLongpingcallhimselfafarmer?A．Becauseofhissunburntfaceandarms.B．Becauseofhisworkingplaceinthefields.C．Becauseofhisslimandstrongbody.D．Becauseofhisresearchofsuperhybridwheat.48．YuanLongpingwas________yearsoldwhenhebecamethefirstagriculturalpioneerintheworld.A．68 B．91 C．44 D．8949．Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisTRUE?A．Thisspecialricecanproduceaboutonethirdmorethanusualonesinthesamefields.B．60%ofthericeoutputisfromcommonstrains.C．7%oftheworld'speoplearefedbyChina.D．Theproductionfrom22%ofthefarmlandcan'tsatisfytheneedofChina.50．Whatcanwelearnfromhim?A．Practicemakesperfect.B．WheninRome,doastheRomansdo.C．Theearlybirdcatchestheworm.D．Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.Notgettingenoughsleepisbadforhealth.Dependingontheresearchfromthescientists,peoplewhodon’tgetenoughsleeparelesswillingtosocialize(社交)withothers.Theyaresimplytootiredtogoout.Theresearchersdidasmallstudy.Theytested18youngpeoplewhohadgoodsleepafterasleeplessnight.Theparticipantswatchedvideosofpeoplewithneutral(中性的)expressionswalkingtowardsthem.Whenthepersononthevideogottoo“close”tothem,theypushedabuttontostopthevideo.Theparticipantskeptthepersonatadistanceof60%furtheriftheyhadn’tgotenoughsleep.Theyfeltthattheirpersonalspacewasbeinginvaded(侵占).Butwhentheparticipantsgotagoodnight’ssleep,theyallowedthepersontogetmuchclosertothem.Theresultshowsthatthelesssleepyouget,thelessyouwanttosocializewithothers.Inturn,otherpeoplemaythinkyoustrangeandstayawayfromyou.Soifyouwanttobeamoresociable(喜欢与人交往的)andpopularperson,sleepingwellmighthelp.51．Notgettingenoughsleep________.A．isn’tgoodforhealthB．makespeoplemoreactiveC．makesschoollifebusyD．makespeoplemorerelaxed52．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“participants”mean?A．管理者 B．参与者 C．研究者 D．旁观者53．People________weremorewillingtosocializewithothersinthetest.A．whohadgoodsleepB．whodidasmallstudyC．whowalkedtowardsthemD．whoweretiredtogoout54．Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisTRUE?A．Peoplelikesharingtheirpersonalspace.B．Don’tgettooclosetosleeplesspeople.C．Thelesssleepyouget,themoreyouwanttosocializewithothers.D．Thebettersleepyouget,thecloseryouallowotherstoget.55．Whatdoweknowfromthepassage?A．Sleepinglessmakespeoplemorepopular.B．Lonelypeoplesleepmuch.C．Sleepingwellmakespeoplemoresociable.D．Popularpeopleneverfeeltired.四、阅读填表阅读短文，填写表格，每空一词。ThinkICan:HowtoPushYourselftoSuccess“BecauseIcan”ismagic.Itpushesuspastourcomfortzones（舒适区域）.Itgivesusareasontodothethingsthatwethinkwecan’t.Hereareafewwaystousethispositivethinkinginyourownlife.BeMoreActiveWhetheritistogohomeorgotowork,climbthestairsinsteadoftakingthelift.Whetheritistogoshoppingorwatchafilm,rideabikeinsteadofdrivingacar.Breakthe“I’mtired”or“Itistoohard”or“Itistoofar”cycle.Increasingyouractivitylevelwillbegoodforyou.TrySomethingNewItiseasyforustomakeexcusesforwhyweshouldn’ttrysomethingnew.Maybeyouthinkitisoutofyourcomfortzone.Maybeitseemstoodifficult.Ormaybe,itisjustinconvenient（不方便的）.Rememberthatyoucantrysomethingnew.Itwillhelpyoutomovepastsomethingbadanddiscoversomethingnewaboutyourselfandpossiblenewinterests.IncreaseYourWillpower（意志力）Saying“No”toourfavoritescanbechallenging.However,developingstrongwillpower,whetheritisinresponse（反应）toourfavoritechocolatecakeortoovershopping,issomethingthatwecanallbenefitfrom.Nexttimeyouwanttodosomethingyoumightregret,youhavethewillpowertosay“No”.SpeakUpOften,wemeetsomethingthattroublesusormakesusunhappy.Wehaveavoice“becauseIcan”inourminds.Talkingwithyourlovedones,suchasyourparentsandfriendsabouthowyoufeel,whatyouneedandwhatyouarethinkingaboutcanhelpyougetonwellwiththemandformdeeperrelationships.Title:HowtoPushYourselfto____56____inRushingoutofComfortZonesBeMoreActiveIncreasingyouractivitylevelwillbegoodforyou,suchas____57____thestepsorridingabike.TrySomethingNewItiseasyforyoutomakea/an____58____forwhyyoushouldn’ttrynewthings.Maybeyouthinkitisn’tatyourconvenience.IncreaseYourWillpowerYouhaveto____59____thewillpowertochallengeyourownfavorites.Nexttimeyouwanttodosomethingyoumightregret,rememberyoucansay“No”.SpeakUpSay“becauseIcan”____60____yourlovedones,suchasyourparentsandfriends.五、阅读回答问题阅读短文，回答问题。WhenTomwasachild,hisfatherworkedinawelding（焊接）shopformorethan12hoursaday.Buthisfathercouldnotearnenoughmoneytogivehisfamilyagoodlife.AfterTomgraduatedfromhisuniversity,hegotajobinacompany.Afterafewyears,hebegantoearnagoodsalary.Heboughtanewhouse,anewcarandsomeunnecessaryluxuries（奢侈品）.Afteralmost6to7years,Tomwasunabletopayforallthehouseholdexpenses（家庭开支）,eventhebasicnecessities.ItsohappenedthatTom’sfatherfellsick.Asaresult,hecouldnotcontinuehisworkintheshop.WhenhisfatheraskedTomtopayforhistreatment,hecomplainedtohisparents,“Youarenotdoinganythingtohelpme,butinsteadareaburden（负担）tome!So,pleasedon’tcometomeagain.”Afteraweek,whileTomwasonanofficialtour,hemetasmallboyaged10sellingtoys.TheboyaskedTomtobuysomething.Theboysaid,“Myfathermetwithanaccidentayearago.Hehasnoarmsnow.I’mhelpingmyparentsbysellingthesetoys.”Tomboughtafewtoysfromtheliteboy.Herealizedthathewaswronginthewayhetreatedhisparents.Helearnedalessonfromthesmallboy.Ataverysmallage,thisboywashelpinghisparents,butTom,inordertolivealavish（挥霍的）life,gavenocaretohisparents.61．Tom’sfamilywasn’trichwhenhewasyoung,wasit?62．WheredidTomworkaftergraduation?63．WhywasTomunabletopayforallthehouseholdexpenses?64．WhathappenedtoTom’sfatherafterhefellsick?65．HowmightTomtreathisparentslater?六、阅读还原5选5WeiChenisinterestedinmountainclimbing.____66____Thisisoneofthemostexcitingthingsaboutdoingdangeroussports.ThereweremanytimeswhenWeiChenalmostlosthislifebecauseofaccidents.Oneday,hefoundhimselfinaverydangeroussituationwhenclimbingthemountain.____67____Becausehecouldnotfreehisarm,hestayedthereforthreedaystillhiswaterranout.Heusedhisknifetocutoffhalfhisrightarm.Then,withhisleftarm,hebandaged（包扎）himselfsothathewouldnotlosetoomuchblood.____68____Afterlosinghisarm,WeiChenwroteabookabouthisexperience.____69____Hisloveformountainclimbingwassogreatthathekeptonclimbingmountainsevenafterthisexperience.DowehavethesamespiritasWeiChen?Let’sthinkaboutitbeforewefindourselvesinaterriblesituation.____70____A．Wehavetomakeadecisionwhenwefacelifeordeath.B．Hisarmwascaughtunderaheavyrockwhenhewasclimbingbyhimself.C．Asamountainclimber,heisusedtotakingrisks.D．Afterthat,heclimbeddownthemountaintofindhelp.E．Theimportanceofmakinggooddecisionsandcontrollingofone’slifeisinit.七、语篇翻译阅读下面短文，将短文中画线部分的句子翻译成中文。WorldEnvironmentDay（WED）fallsonJune5eachyear.Itfocusesonimprovingtheenvironmentallovertheworld.（1）WEDiscreatedtogetpeople’sattentiontotheenvironment.Also,peopleareencouragedtoexpresstheirthoughtsabouttheenvironment.Peopleareaskedtochangeattitudes（态度）towardsenvironmentalproblems.（2）Allnationsandpeoplecanenjoyasaferandmorebeautifulfuturebyworkingtogether.WiththedevelopmentofChina,ourgovernmentismoreandmoreenthusiastic（热衷的）aboutprotectingtheenvironment.（3）TheforestofChinahasalreadybecomethefirstplaceintheworld,about2hundredmillionhectares（公顷）.Ourlivesaregreenerandgreener.71．________________。72．________________。73．________________。八、短文选词填空用方框中所给词的正确形式填空,使短文完整、正确.weak,change,a,can,name,because,so,fight,into,interestPupilsinChinaalllikethetraditionalChinesebook____74____JourneytotheWest.Inthepast,itwasn’tpopularwithwesternchildren,butmostofthem____75____theirmindsalready.TheMonkeyKingisnotjust____76____normalmonkey.Infact,hesometimesdoesnotevenlooklikeamonkey!Thisis____77____hecanmake72changestohisshapeandsize,turninghimself____78____differentanimalsandobjects.Butunlesshecanhidehistail,he____79____turnhimselfintoaman.____80____badmen,theMonkeyKingusesamagicstick.Sometimeshecanmakethestick____81____smallthathecankeepitinhisear.Atothertimes,heisabletomakeitbigandlong.TheMonkeyKinghasexcitedChinesechildrenformanyyears.Westernchildrenhavealsobecome____82____inreadingthisstorybecausethecleverMonkeyKingkeepsfightingtohelpthe_____83_____justlikeasuperhero.九、填写适当的句子补全对话Daming：____84____,Ken?Ken：Nothingmuch.IsupposeI’lljustlistentothenewCDIboughtthisweekend.Smoothmusichelpsmerelaxafteralongworkingweek.Daming：Ialsolikethiskindofrelaxingway.Ifyouhavesparetime,youcanwatchamovie,Hello,MotherbyJiaLing.Ken：____85____?Daming：Ittellsagirlmissesherdeadmotherandthengoesbacktothepastandbecomesafriendwithhermother.Theperformingoftheactorsiswonderful.Itcanhelpimprovemyperforming.Ken：Wow,nowIknowwhyyouaresogoodatperforming!Daming：Thanks.____86____.Ken：Great!Howareyougoingtobecomeanactor?Daming：Err...,I’llkeeponenjoyingthemovies.____87____?Ken：Myparentswantmetobeadoctor,butI’mnotsureaboutthat.Daming：Don’tworry.Noteveryoneknowswhattheywanttobe.Justmakesureyoutryyourbest.Thenyoucanbeanythingyouwant.Ken：____88____.Thankyouforyouradvice.十、补全对话7选5Frank：Ihavefinishedmyhomework.Let’sgoforawalk.Peter：Turnoffthelight,Frank.____89____Frank：Oh,Iusuallydothat.Iwasinahurryjustnow.Peter：Igotit.I’vejustreadabookwhichgivesideasabouthowwecanprotecttheenvironment.____90____Frank：Oh,Ineverdothat.Yousee,Ihaveveryshorthair.____91____Peter：Youshouldtakeyourownbagswhenyougoshopping.Frank：That’seasy.____92____Whatelse?Peter：Peopleshouldstopdrivingcarsandstartridingbikes.Frank：Noway!Ittakesme45minutestogettoschoolbybike.Peter：Butit’sgoodfortheenvironment.____93____Frank：Andyouliveclosetoschool.A．Iwilldothatfromnowon.B．Forexample,turnofftheshowerwhenwashingyourhair.C．Itsaveselectricity.D．Isitgoodforoureyes?E．Iamsorrytohearthat.F．Ilikeridingmybikeaswell.G．Whatelsedoesthebooksay?十一、完成句子94．生命中到处充满奇迹。Lifeis________________magiceverywhere.95．歌曲《少年》告诉人们不要放弃梦想。ThesongTheYouthtellspeopleneverto________________theirdreams.96．政府为贫困地区的学生提供了一些新的计算机设备。Thegovernment________thestudentsinpoorareas________somenewcomputerequipment.97．想想为了挽救抹香鲸，我们能做些什么?Let'sthinkaboutwhatwecando________________spermwhales.十二、汉译英：整句98．无论你做什么，你都必须遵守规则。________________.99．据说我们将在校园里使用机器人。________________.100．青少年应该多与他们的父母沟通交流并被允许自己做决定。________________.十三、材料作文101．同学们的健康成长是每个家庭最大的愿望和期盼，也关乎国家和民族的未来。健康的生活是成长、成才的前提和保障。请根据内容提示，以“HealthyLiving”为题写一篇英语作文，谈谈你的看法。内容提示：1.加强锻炼2.健康饮食3.保证睡眠4.保持乐观心态要求：1.词数：80词左右。2.文中应包含所给提示，可适当发挥。3.文中不得出现真实的人名、校名等相关信息。HealthyLiving_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________十四、小作文102．初中学习已接近尾声，作为学长，请你为学弟学妹们提出5条学习、行为规范等方面的建议。_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________参考答案：1．B【详解】句意：他打算买一本有用的书。这本书是关于科学的。考查冠词。a不定冠词，修饰辅音音素开头的单词；an不定冠词，修饰元音音素开头的单词；the定冠词，表示特指；第一空泛指一本有用的书，应用不定冠词，useful是辅音音素开头的单词，用a修饰；第二空是特指前面提到的这本书，应用定冠词the，故选B。2．C【分析】【详解】句意：在这样一个寒冷的早晨，我也像往常一样6点起床去跑步。考查介词辨析。before在……之前；in用于年、月和季节之前；on用于具体的某一天和星期几之前；to到……；at用于具体的某一时刻之前。“suchacoldmorning”是具体的某一天，之前介词应用on；“6o’clock”是具体的某一时刻，之前介词应用at。故选C。3．A【分析】【详解】句意：我们认为学生做新的眼保健操更有用。考查代词。it它；this这个；one一个人；that那个；findit+形容词+forsbtodosth表示“认为某人做某事是……”，it是形式宾语，todosth是真正宾语，故选A。4．D【分析】【详解】句意：他15岁生日时得到了两个生日蛋糕。考查基数词和序数词辨析。second第二，序数词；two二，基数词；fifteen十五，基数词；fifteenth第十五，序数词。根据句意，空一表示数量，应用基数词，故排除A、C项；空二表示顺序，应用序数词，故排除B项。故选D。5．B【详解】句意：他从不抽烟或在公共场合乱扔垃圾。考查并列连词辨析。and和；or或者；but但是；so因此；根据语境及前面的“never”可知，本句是否定句，句中有两个谓语动词，在否定句中表示并列关系用or而不用and。故选B。6．C【详解】句意：——看！孩子们正在操场上玩。——他们玩得多开心啊！考查感叹句。How+形容词或副词+主谓。句子中心词是time，短语haveagoodtime，此处符合“What+a/an+adj+可数名词单数+主谓”的结构，应用whata引导感叹句，故选C。7．A【分析】【详解】句意：一千公里在古代是相当长的一段路，但是现在我们坐飞机可以在大约一个小时内完成这段旅程。考查动词和主谓一致。was是；had有；were是；have有。结合句意，此处表示古代一千公里是相当长的一段路，表示判断，排除BD两项，主语onethousandkilometers，表示距离，作主语，看成一个整体，谓语用第三人称单数形式，故选A。8．C【分析】【详解】句意：这个激动人心的消息让他很兴奋。他直到半夜才睡着。考查形容词辨析。excited兴奋的，激动的；exciting令人兴奋的，使人激动的；excited修饰人，表示人的感受，exciting修饰物，说明事物本身具有的特点，所以第一空使用exciting修饰news，第二空使用excited修饰him。故选C。9．B【分析】【详解】句意：玲玲的父亲尽了最大努力想找出事故发生后是谁把他女儿送进医院的。考查动词短语辨析。workout解决，算出；findout找出，查明；lookout当心；comeout出版。根据“whotookhisdaughtertothehospitalaftertheaccident”可知，他是想找出谁把他女儿送到医院的。故选B。10．D【分析】【详解】句意：拿着说明书，我设法修好了这种新机器。考查名词辨析。introductions介绍；inventions发明；invitations邀请；instructions用法说明、指令。根据后句“Imanagedtofixthenewkindofmachine.”可推知，应是拿着说明书。故选D。11．A【分析】【详解】句意：——大明，我今天下午要去游泳。——如果你去，我也去。考查时态和助动词。if引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时，所以此处用助动词will，故选A。12．B【详解】句意：——我可以在这里钓鱼吗？——对不起，你不能。看那个牌子“禁止钓鱼”！考查情态动词。may可以；mustn’t禁止；can能；needn’t不需要；根据“Lookatthesign“Nofishing”!”可知，钓鱼是禁止的，“MayI……”的否定回答用can't或者mustn't。故选B。13．C【详解】句意：信用卡远不如以前要紧了。我们现在通常用智能手机付款。考查比较级。little几乎没有；fewer更少的，修饰复数名词；less更少的，修饰不可数名词；more更多的；结合“Weusuallypaywithsmartphonesnow.”可知，此处说的是信用卡没有以前那么重要了，应用less表示比以前不重要的多了，故选C。14．B【分析】【详解】句意：当他听到这个坏消息时，他太伤心了，什么也不能说。考查不定代词辨析。something某事；anything任何事情；everything每件事情；nothing没有事情。too…to…太……而不能……；根据语境可知，应是听到坏消息时，他太伤心了，什么也不能说，故空处应是anything。故选B。15．D【详解】句意：这个讲座值得参加。请告诉约翰不要迟到。考查非谓语动词。固定搭配：beworthdoingsth.，表示“值得做某事”，第一空应用动名词形式attending，表示“参加”，在句中作宾语；固定搭配：tellsb.(not)todosth.，表示“告诉某人(不）要做某事”，根据“Thelectureisworth...”可知，此处指告诉约翰不要迟到，第二空应为nottobe。故选D。16．C【详解】句意：我们该去哪里将在下星期五决定。考查被动语态。根据“nextFriday”可知，句子应用一般将来时，且主句“Whereweshouldgo”与动词decide之间是被动关系，应用一般将来时的被动语态，故选C。17．A【分析】【详解】句意：我永远不会忘记我们去年一起去过的那个地方。考查定语从句。which哪一个；what什么；who谁；whom谁，who的宾语。该句为定语从句，且从句中缺宾语，先行词place指物，故应用关系代词which，故选A。18．D【分析】【详解】句意：只要我们依靠自己的国家，我们就能克服困难。考查形容词短语和连词。asmuchas和……一样多；asfaras和……一样远；assoonas一……就……，引导时间状语从句；aslongas只要，引导条件状语从句。此处连接句子，用连词，结合句意，此处表示只要依靠我们自己的国家，我们就能克服困难，故选D。19．D【详解】句意：——你期待明天的野餐吗？我想知道我们什么时候在学校门口见面。——我们定在六点半吧。考查宾语从句。根据“宾语从句要用陈述句语序”的原则，排除A/C选项；结合回答“Let’smakeitathalfpast6.”可知，此处是问见面的时间，应用when提问，故选D。20．A【分析】【详解】句意：——期末考试快到了。我们大家都在努力工作。

——别紧张。你要相信你自己。考查情景交际。Takeiteasy别紧张，放松点；Congratulations恭喜你；Don’tmentionit别提了；Youarewelcome别客气。根据上文“Thefinalexamiscoming”可知，此处是让说话者不要紧张，放轻松，自信点就好。故选A。21．D22．A23．C24．B25．C26．D27．D28．A29．C30．B31．A32．A33．D34．B35．B【分析】文章介绍了李大明的家乡发生的变化对比，突出远离家乡的人们对自己家乡的想念以及中国发展的速度之快。21．句意：但其他人可能一年只回来一两次。other其他的，后接复数名词；theother两者中的另一个；another不确定数目的另一个；others其余的，指剩余的部分；此处是some...others...的结构，表示“一些……另一些……”，故选D。22．句意：数以百万计的中国人离开农村到城市找工作。tosearch寻找，不定式形式；search寻找，动词原形；searching寻找，现在分词；searched寻找，过去式；此处表达的是“为了寻找工作离开家乡”，应用不定式形式，故选A。23．句意：其中包括38岁的丈夫和父亲李大明。Between两者之间；Middle中间；Among在三者或三者以上中；During在……期间；结合语境，此处指的是数以百万计的离开农村去城市找工作的人中包括李大明，应用among“在……中”，故选C。24．句意：他在上海已经13年了。havegoneto去