天津市和平区2025-2026学年高一下学期期末考试英语试卷（含答案）

天津市和平区2025-2026学年高一下学期期末考试英语试卷一、单项选择1.Paper-cutting,afolkartpopularacrossChina,______theheartsofartloversworldwideeversinceancienttimes.A．wonB．winsC．haswonD．hadwon2.Agreatnumberofancientcraftworks,asexpertshavepointedout,________carefullyinthelocalmuseumallyearround.A．protectB．areprotectedC．protectedD．wereprotected3.Themasterpainterhascreateddozensoflandscapepaintings,someof________reflectthebeautyofChinesemountainsandriversperfectly.A．themB．whichC．whatD．whom4.________thelonghistoryandrichculturebehindcalligraphy,moreandmoreteenagersdecidetolearnitintheirsparetime.A．RealizingB．RealizedC．TorealizeD．Havingbeenrealized5.________propertrainingintraditionaloperaforyears,theyoungperformergaveanimpressiveshowonthestage.A．ReceivingB．ReceivedC．HavingreceivedD．Toreceive6.—I’dliketoknowifyou’resatisfiedwithmywork.HowamIdoing?—________.Ibelieveyouwillbegettingpromotion.A．NevermindB．HelpyourselfC．ForgetitD．Keepitup7.—ThisistheworstfoodI’veevertasted.—______.Iwon’teathereanymore.A．YoucansaythatagainB．It’suptoyouC．It’soutofthequestionD．Thatdepends8.Ittakespatienceandwisdomto________thedeepculturalmeaninghiddeninancientpoemstomodernreaders.A．getthroughB．getacrossC．getawayD．getabout9.Manyyoungbloggers________oldfolktalesandshootshortvideostocarryforwardtraditionalcultureonline.A．makeupB．pickupC．takeupD．turnup10.You________pushyourselftopractiseshadowpuppetrydayandnight.Youhavemasteredthebasicskillsalready.A．mustn’tB．can’tC．needn’tD．shouldn’t11.MostpeopleprefersweetricedumplingsforDragonBoatFestival,________asmallnumberoflocalssticktosaltyones.A．becauseB．whileC．unlessD．since12.Thecloisonné(景泰蓝)worksonshowfeaturebrightcoloursand________patterns,winninghighpraisefromvisitors.A．shallowB．distantC．elegantD．raw13.PoweredbyadvancedAI,robotscan________tellpeople’smoodsfromtheirfacialexpressionsnow.A．exactlyB．graduallyC．mostlyD．partly14.Believeitornot,itiscompletely________mehowancientpeoplebuilttheGreatWallwithoutmodernmachinery.A．acrossB．besideC．withoutD．beyond15.Studyingtraditionalculturecanbringpeoplealasting________,ratherthanjusttemporaryjoy.A．reliefB．disappointmentC．regretD．satisfaction二、完形填空Inthesummerofmynineteenthyear,IboardedatrainfromXiningtoLhasa,ajourneyofovertwentyhoursacrosstheQinghai-TibetPlateau.Ihadreadabouttherailway’sengineeringmarvels—thebridges,thetunnels,thewaythetracksseemedtofloatabovethefrozenearth.Butnoneofthat____16____meforwhatIactuallysaw.Thetrainleftintheevening.Bymidnight,mostpassengershadfallenasleep.Istayedawake,myface____17____againstthecoldwindow,watchingthemoonlightonthesnow-coveredmountains.ThelandscapewasunlikeanythingIhad____18____before:vast,silent,andutterlyindifferenttohumanpresence.Ifeltsmall,butinawaythatwasstrangely____19____.Arounddawn,afellowpassenger,anelderlyTibetanwoman,____20____meacupofbutterteafromherthermos.Ididn’tspeakherlanguage,andshedidn’tspeakmine.Wecommunicatedthrough____21____—smiles,nods,thesimpleactofsharingwarmth.Shepointedattherisingsunasit____22____thepeaksonebyone,andIunderstood.Somethingsneednotranslation.Thetrainclimbedhigher.AtTanggulaPass,over5,000metersabovesealevel,achildsittingbehindmebegantocry,____23____bythethinair.Hismotherheldhimclose,andthewomannexttoher—astrangeruntilthatmoment—____24____herownoxygentube.Itwasasmallgesture,butonthattrain,inthatthinair,itfelt____25____.WhatIremembermostaboutthatjourneyisnotthemountainsorthealtitude.Itisthe____26____betweenstrangersthatarosenaturally,withouteffort.Thetrainwasnotjustavehicle;itwasashared____27____thatbroughtpeopletogetherinwaysthatdailyliferarelydoes.Intheyearssince,wheneverIfeeldisconnectedfromtheworld,Ithinkbacktothattrainandthe____28____thatexistedamongpeoplewhohadnothingincommonbutthejourneyitself.WearrivedinLhasaatdusk.AsIsteppedontotheplatform,theelderlyTibetanwoman____29____andputsomethingintomyhand:asmallprayerflag.Istillhaveit.Itremindsmethatthemost____30____momentsinlifeareoftentheonesweneverplanned.16.A．preparedB．thankedC．rewardedD．excused17.A．supportedB．pressedC．turnedD．bent18.A．experiencedB．judgedC．attemptedD．accepted19.A．lonelyB．comfortingC．alarmingD．confusing20.A．madeB．pouredC．offeredD．returned21.A．signsB．signalsC．gesturesD．sounds22.A．coveredB．hidC．removedD．lit23.A．frightenedB．affectedC．surprisedD．attracted24.A．handedoverB．putawayC．pickedupD．pointedat25.A．costlyB．enormousC．simpleD．ordinary26.A．conversationB．tensionC．competitionD．kindness27.A．taskB．goalC．lessonD．bond28.A．hardshipB．differenceC．connectionD．agreement29.A．walkedawayB．gaveupC．drewnearD．heldon30.A．thrillingB．casualC．difficultD．meaningful四、阅读理解AResearchProposalSubmissionGuideAllstudent-ledresearchprojectsneedformaldepartmentapprovalbeforedatacollectioncanbegin.Thisguideexplainstheprocedureandrulesforsubmittingyourproposal.SubmissionWindowProposalsareonlyacceptedduringthefallandspringcycles.ThefallcyclerunsfromSeptember1sttoOctober15th,andthespringcyclefromFebruary1sttoMarch15th.Ifyourdocumentsarriveoutsidethesewindows,thesystemwillautomaticallyrejectthemandtheycannotbeopened.Therearenoexceptions.WhataProposalMustContainAcompletepackagemustincludethreeseparateparts,eachofwhichthereviewcommitteewillassessindependently.First,aprojectstatementthatexplainsyourresearchbasedonareviewofexistingstudiesanddescribesyourmethod.Second,atimelinewithclear,measurablemilestonesfortheprojectperiod.Third,acostbreakdownshowingthatallexpectedexpensesarenecessaryandreasonable.Packagesthatareincompleteorinthewrongorderwillbereturnedwithoutbeingevaluated.FileNamingRulesEveryfileyouuploadmustfollowthisnamingpattern:Surname_Initials_Component.pdf—forexample,Chen_X_ProjectStatement.pdf.Afilewithatitlethatdoesnotmatchthispatternorcannotberecognizedwillbetreatedasmissing.Itisyourresponsibilitytodouble-checkthisbeforeyoufinalizeyoursubmission.ReviewStandardsThecommitteeusesastandardscoringframework.Thefourweightedfactorsare:academicvalue(40%),soundnessofdesign(30%),achievability(20%),andbudgetreasonableness(10%).Thedesignscoremainlyreflectswhetheryourresearchdesignislogicallyconsistent.Proposalsthatrestonunverifiableassumptionsorlackaclearlydefined,measurableoutcomewillbescoredpoorly.AftertheReviewWithinfourweeksofacycleclosing,thecommitteegivesoneofthreedecisions:approved,revisable,ordeclined.A“revisable”decisionistime-sensitive—youhaveexactly14calendardaystouploadarevisedversionthataddressesallthecommittee’sconcerns.31.WhathappenstoaproposalhandedinonOctober20th?A．Itwillbeheldforthenextcycle.B．Itwillfailtoclearthesystem’scheck.C．Itwillbereviewedwithalowerpriority.D．Itwillbegivenamanualextension.32.Whichofthefollowingaspectscarriestheleastweightindecidingaproposal’sfate?A．Whetherthemoneyaskedformakessense.B．Whetherthegoalscanbeclearlymeasured.C．Whethertheresearchdesignholdstogetherlogically.D．Whethertheprojectisofhighacademicworth.33.Whatmustastudentdouponreceivinga“revisable”decision?A．Moveforwardwithdatacollectionwhilefixingtheproposal.B．Reachouttocommitteemembersforindividualguidance.C．Beattheclockandgettherevisedversionbackintwoweeks.D．Challengethecommittee’sconcernsthroughaformalchannel.BMymother,Elara,wasawomanoffewwordsbutdeepactions.SheworkedinthemaproomoftheNationalArchives,aquietplacefilledwiththesmellofoldpaperandink.Growingup,Ithoughtmapswerefixedfacts:ariveralwaysblue,amountainforeverbrown.Inmyteenageworld,everythingwasdigitalandinstant—aphonevoicetoldmewheretoturninseconds.Mymother’sskillofdrawingbyhandseemedbeautifulbutawasteoftime,afightagainsttheefficiencyIvaluedaboveall.Thegapbetweenusgrewduringthoseyears.Isawherbentshouldersoverapieceofspecialdrawingpapernotasloveforherwork,butassimplygivingintothepast.Idreamedofbuildingthedigitalplatformsthatwouldmakeherskillscompletelyunnecessary.Ibelievedprogressmeantthrowingawaytheold.andinmyteenagepride,Iletherknowit.Myviewbegantochangenotthroughasuddenmomentofunderstanding,butthroughsmallbreakdowns.Once,asoftwareupdatemistakenlymovedasimpleaddressthreestatesawayonmyscreen.Anothertime,asatellitesystemplacedme,withtotalcertainty,onthewrongsideofariver.Istartedtonoticewhatmymother’smapskeptthatmycomputerprogramsdidnot:thefeelofalandscape,thelocalnamesofforgottenpaths,thesmallsignsonthegroundthatguideawalkerwhenthebatterydies.Hermapsdidn’tjustshowlocations;theytoldstories.Oneevening,Iaskedtoseeherlatestproject.Itwasaspecialmapofthevalleywhereshegrewup,madeforahundred-yearcelebration.Asherink-stainedfingertracedthelineofastream,shesaid,“Thisiswherewecaughtlittlefish.Andhere,thisslightdip,iswherethewildstrawberriesgrewsweetest.”Themapcamealivewithhermemories,arichlydetailedrecordofalifethatnoflyingcameracouldcapture.Irealizedherworkwasnotaboutrefusingthefuture;itwasaboutofferinganecessarydifferentchoice—arecordnotjustofspace,butoflivedexperienceandfeeling.ThelifelessprecisionIvaluedcouldnevermatchherart,whichwasageographyofbelonging.34.Thephrase“givingintothepast”(Paragraph2)suggeststheauthorthoughthermother________.A．studiedoldwaysofmakingmapscarefullyB．keptrareobjectsthatshelovedfirmlyC．stucktothingsthatwerenolongerusefulD．consideredlearningnewskillsawasteoftime35.Whatbroughtaboutthechangeintheauthor’sopinion?A．Theimpactofasoftwareupgradegoingwrong.B．Theuncertaintyofhuman-machinecommunication.C．Unnecessarysuddenchangestotheoperatingplatform.D．Theunexpectedfailuresofherowntrusteddigitaltechnology.36.Whydoesthewritertalkabout“thesmallsignsontheground”(Paragraph3)?A．Toshowthemapsincludepracticaldetailsunseenbyflyingcameras.B．Toprovethemapsarebasedonofficialsurveydatafromgovernmentrecords.C．Toexplainthemapsmainlyfocusonfamousscenicspots.D．Totellreadersthemapsaredesignedforprofessionalhikersandexplorers.37.Whatkeyviewpointdoestheauthorintendtoconveyinthepassage?A．Digitalmappingtoolswon’teventuallyreplacealltraditionalskills.B．Thetrueworthofacraftmaylienotinitsefficiencybutinitshumantouch.C．Professionalsuccessrequiresabandoningnewmethodsforoldones.D．Peoplepreferthepersonalexperiencesofcartographerstomapsymbols.CInthelate1960s,behavioralresearcherJohnB.Calhouncarriedoutaseriesofexperimentsthatledtooneofthemostdisturbingandsurprisingfindingsinbehavioralscience.Hebuilt“Universe25,”acarefullyprepared“mouseperfect-world”—a2.7-meter-squareenclosedspacecapableofsupportingover3,000mice,withendlessfood,water,andnestingmaterials,keptperfectlycleanandfreeofdisease.Fourpairsofhealthymicewereplacedinside.Theearlystagewasmarkedbyexplodingpopulationgrowth.Butanunavoidablecollapse,nowcalled“behavioralsinking,”revealedadeepweaknessthatCalhounarguedwasrootedintheverynatureofsociallivingitself.Thedownwardslidewasnotsetoffbyalackofresources.Instead,itwasacrisisofmeaning.Theperfectenvironmenthadremovedthesurvivalchallengesthathadlongshapedmousebehavior.Inthewild,micemustsearchforfood,avoidhunters,andestablishterritories—activitiesthatcreatealayeredsocialstructureanddistributebehavioralroles.InUniverse25,everyneedwasmetwithinaperfectlyfunctioningsystem,whichbrokedownthephysicalandsocialdistancesthatdefineahealthycommunity.Theabsenceofnecessityencouragedextremecrowdingatcertainfeedingspots,evenwhenidentical,emptyonesstoodnearby.Calhounobservedthatsocialinteractionbecameasourceofharm.Normalmatingandmotheringbehaviorsbrokedown.Malemicebecamewithdrawnanddepressed,orsickeninglyaggressive,startingfightswithoutpurpose.Asmallergrouphenamed“thebeautifulones”appeared—clean,perfect-lookingmicethatspenttheirentirelivesgrooming,eating,andsleepinginseparatedcorners,completelycutofffromallgroupmeeting,includingreproducing.Theseindividualshadanoutwardappearanceofphysicalperfection,buthadbecomeutterlyemptyofpurposeandsocialrole.Thephysicalbreakdowncamenotfromdisease,butfromapsychologicalandsocialcollapse.Femalemicestoppedbuildingnestsandcarryingtheirbabiestofullterm.Theyoungthatwerebornwereincreasinglyneglectedandshowedseriousdevelopmentalproblems.Eventually,thepopulationsettledataleveltoolowtosustainitself,dominatedbythesociallydetached,andthendiedoutentirely.WhileCalhoun’sdirectconclusionsabouthumansarerightlyquestioned,Universe25livesonasastory-liketouchstone.Ithintsthatasociety’sabilitytosurvivedependslessonmaterialplentythanontheprotectionofpurpose,diversesocialroles,andtheneedformeaningful,challengingengagementwiththeenvironment.38.Thephrase“behavioralsinking”(Paragraph1)isclosestinmeaningto________.A．asuddenexplosioninpopulationnumbersB．adisease-drivendropinphysicalhealthC．aviolentfightoverlimitedfeedingresourcesD．asocialfallingapartcausedbythelackofmeaningfulchallenges39.Howdid“thebeautifulones”behavewithinthecommunity?A．Theyturnedextremelyaggressiveandguardedtheirownspace.B．Theycontinuedallnormalmatingandchild-raisingactivities.C．Theytriedtotakechargeandrestorethegroup’sorder.D．Theyisolatedthemselvesandavoidedanyformofsocialcontact.40.Whatdirectlycausedthephysicalcollapseofthemousesociety?A．Adeadlyvirusthatspreadthroughthecrowdedpopulation.B．Thefailureofparentingandreproductivebehaviors.C．Ageneticchangethataffectedthemice’sabilitytosurvive.D．Thegraduallossofcommunicatingandphysicalfightingskills.41.Whatfunctiondoesthelastparagraphserveinthetext?A．Itpointsoutthesymboliclessontheexperimentoffersforsocieties.B．ItquestionsthescientificaccuracyofCalhoun’sexperimentalmethods.C．Itprovidesadirectwarningaboutthedangersofhumanovercrowding.D．Itdetailsthestep-by-stepprocessofthemousecommunity’scollapse.DWeadmirecertainty.Leaderswhospeakwithconfidence,expertswhoofferclearanswers,friendswhoseemsureoftheirpath—thesearethepeoplewetendtotrustandfollow.Uncertainty,bycontrast,issomethingmostofustrytohide.Wefearthatadmitting“Idon’tknow”willmakeuslookweakorunprepared.Butagrowingnumberofthinkersarguethatouruneasinesswithuncertaintymaybeholdingusback—andthatlearningtoacceptnotknowingisanunderappreciatedskill.Researchindecision-makingshowsthatpeoplewhoareateasewithuncertaintytendtoarriveatbetterchoicesincomplexsituations.Thereasonisthattheyaremorewillingtogatherinformationbeforereachingaconclusion,ratherthanrushingtoananswersimplytoescapethediscomfortofdoubt.Inaseriesofstudies,participantswhoscoredhigheronmeasuresof“beingokaywithunclearsituations”werefoundtotakemoretimewithdifficultproblemsandtoproducemorecreativesolutions.Theywerealsolesslikelytofallintocommondecisiontraps,suchasstickingwithafailingplansimplybecausetheyhadalreadyinvestedtimeinit.Uncertaintyalsoplaysakeypartinscientificthinking.Thescientificmethodisbuiltontherecognitionthatcurrentknowledgeisalwaysopentochange.Agoodscientistdoesnotclaimtohavefinalanswersbutinsteadholdstheorieslightly,readytoupdatethemwhennewevidenceappears.Thisintellectualhumility—thewillingnesstosay“Imightbewrong”—isnotaweaknessinscience;itistheengineofprogress.Ineverydaylife,however,admittinguncertaintycanbedifficult.Socialmediarewardsquick,confidentopinions,andthereisoftenlittleroomforthekindofcareful,doubtfulthinkingthatleadstodeeperunderstanding.Thiscreatesacultureinwhichappearingcertainmattersmorethanbeingaccurate.Theresultisthatpeopleoftendigintofixedpositionsratherthanexplorequestions.Learningtositwithuncertaintyisnotthesameasbeingunabletodecide.Itistheabilitytoholdoffonjudgmentuntilenoughevidenceisgathered.Itisthewillingnesstolivewithquestionsthatdon’tyethaveanswers.Inacomplexworld,thismaybeexactlywhatweneedmoreof—notfewerconfidentanswers,butmorethoughtfulquestions.42.Whatadvantagedopeoplewhoacceptuncertaintyhave,accordingtotheresearch?A．Theymakedecisionsinamuchfasterway.B．Theyaremorelikelytofollowthoseincharge.C．Theyfocusbetterandreachfullyconsidereddecisions.D．Theyfeellesspressureinallaspectsofdailylife.43.Whyisuncertaintyvaluableinscientificthinking?A．Itmakesroomforideastobequestionedandimproved.B．Itallowsscientiststostickwiththeoriesalreadyproventobetrue.C．Itsuggestsscientificworkcanseldomproducetrustworthyresults.D．Itencouragesscientiststoholdontotheexplanationstheyknowbest.44.Whatconcerndoestheauthorraiseaboutsocialmediaculture?A．Itencouragesuserstoformmorethoughtfulquestions.B．Itputsappearingsurebeforefactualcorrectness.C．Itleavestoomuchspacefordoubtandopendiscussion.D．Itmakesiteasierforrealexpertstospreadtheirknowledge.45.Whichofthefollowingcouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A．ThePowerofAdmittingIDon’tKnowB．TheHiddenCostsofSoundingCertainC．WhyUncertaintyIstheKeytoSuccessD．WhyScientistsValueDoubtMoreThanProof五、阅读表达Lastwinter,Istoppedbyalocalconveniencestoretobuyabottleofhotdrinkafterfinishingmyeveningpart-timejob.Thewindblewsharplyoutside,andmyhandswerealreadynumbwithcold.WhenIgottothecheckoutcounter,Ifoundanelderlymanstandingaheadofme.Heworeanoldworncoatandlookedalittlenervous.Themanpulledoutafewloosecoinsandcountedthemagainandagain.Itwasclearthathedidnothaveenoughmoneytopayforasmallboxofcookiesandacupofhottea.Hehesitatedforamoment,thenslowlyputthecookiesbackontheshelf,keepingonlythecheaphottea.Afaintlookofdisappointmentcrossedhisface.Seeingthis,Imadeaquickdecision.IwalkedforwardgentlyandtoldthecashierthatIwouldpayforbothhisteaandtheboxofcookies.Theelderlymanlookedupatmeinsurpriseandkeptsayingthanks.Ijustsmiledandtoldhimnottoworryaboutit.BeforeIleftthestore,heaskedformyname,butIrefusedandwavedgoodbye.Aweeklater,Iwenttothesamestoreagain.Tomysurprise,thecashiertoldmethattheoldmanhadcomeeverydaysincethatcoldevening.Hedidnotcometospendmoney.Instead,hejustchattedwiththestaff,helpedtidyupgoodsonshelves,andheldthedooropenforothercustomers.Hewantedtopassonthewarmthhehadreceived.Thissimpleactbecamehisdailyroutineandbroughthimsteadyjoy.Thecashieralsosaidthemanoncementionedthatmysmallactofkindnesshadbuoyedhimgreatly.Heusedtofeellonelyandhelpless,butthattinyfavormadehimrealizetherewasstillkindnessaround.NowIfullyunderstandthatkindnessisneveraone-waystreet.Asimplegooddeedmayseeminsignificanttothegiver,butitcanlightupsomeone’swholeworldandc