湖南省岳阳市岳阳楼区2025-2026学年八年级下学期期末英语试卷

湖南省岳阳市岳阳楼区2025-2026学年八年级下学期期末英语试卷一、第一部分，听力理解，第一节(共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。1．WhatisEmily'sproblem?A．Shehasabackache.B．Shehasaheadache.C．Shehasastomachache.2．Whatkindofbookshasthemanread?A．Detectivestories. B．Sciencefiction. C．Historicalnovels.3．WhyisEmmapackingtheclothes?A．Tosellthem.B．Todonatethem.C．Tothrowthemaway.4．WhatwillJohndothisweekend?A．Watchanactionmovie.B．Collectpostcards.C．Practicekungfu.5．Howdopeoplegreetothersinthewoman'scountry?A．Bybowing. B．Byhugging. C．Byshakinghands.二、第一部分，听力理解，第二节，听下面6段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)听材料，回答问题。6．Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A．Volunteerwork. B．Sportsmatches. C．Onlinegames.7．Whatwillthespeakersdonext?A．Searchforinformation.B．Playfootball.C．Callclassmates.听材料，回答问题。8．WhyisBeninlowspiritstoday?A．Hehadabadmatch.B．Hefoughtwithhisteammate.C．Hefailedtomaketheteam.9．HowoftendoesBenplaytennis?A．Everyday.B．Fourtimesaweek.C．Threetimesaweek.听材料，回答问题。10．WhendoesJaneusuallyreadbooks?A．Inthemorning. B．Intheafternoon. C．Intheevening.11．Whattypeofbooksdoesthemanlikebest?A．Adventurebooks. B．Sciencefiction. C．Mysterybooks.听材料，回答问题。12．Whathitthegirlhard?A．Acar. B．Atruck. C．Abus.13．Wheredidtheaccidenthappen?A．NearSouthStreet.B．Nearthehospital.C．Nearthesubwaystation.14．Whatisthemandoing?A．Heiscallingforhelp.B．Heishelpingthegirlmove.C．Heisstoppingthegirlbleeding.听材料，回答问题。15．WhatcausedtroublenearJenny'shome?A．Thefloodwater. B．Thesnowstorm. C．Theheavywind.16．WherewasJennyatthattime?A．Atherworkplace.B．Athergrandma'shouse.C．Atapark.17．Whatdidthemandoaheadoftime?A．Heboughtsomesupplies.B．Heputthingsuphigh.C．Hemovedthingsoutside.听材料，回答问题。18．HowdopeopleusuallygreetothersinSpain?A．Bykissingcheeks. B．Bybumpingfists. C．Bynodding.19．WhatshouldyoudoduringamealinSpain?A．Eatbeforethehost.B．Keepyourelbowsonthetable.C．Praisethemeal.20．Whatispolitewhenvisitingothers?A．Talkingquietly.B．Bringingasmallgift.C．Cleaningtheirhouses.三、第二部分，阅读理解，第一节(共11小题；每小题2分，计22分)阅读理解SummerLibraryVolunteersWantedWanted:10libraryvolunteersTime:July10-August20(EveryTuesday&Thursdaymorning)Location:CityLibrary,Children'sReadingRoomRequirements(要求):·Age:13-16·Lovereadingandtakingcareofbooks·Begoodatsortingbooksbynumbers·Behelpfulandpatientwithyoungreaders·Beabletowork2.5hoursaday(9:00-11:30AM)Duties:√Putreturnedbooksbackontherightshelves√Helpyoungchildrenfindthebookstheywant√KeepthereadingroomcleanandquietApplyby:June30Email:summerlibrary@163.com21．Howmanylibraryvolunteersareneeded?A．Five. B．Ten. C．Twenty.22．Whocanapplyforthejob?A．A14-year-oldstudentwhoishelpful.B．A12-year-oldstudentwholovesreading.C．An18-year-oldstudentfromhighschool.23．Whereisthistextprobablyfrom?A．Adiary. B．Atextbook. C．Awebsite.阅读理解Inacity,therestoodabeautifulstatue(雕塑)calledthehappyprince.Hewascoveredwithgoldleaves.Hiseyesweretwobrightbluejewels(宝石),andonhissword(剑)therewasabigredjewel.Everyonethoughthelookedveryhappy.Onenight,alittleswallow(燕子)flewoverthecity.HisfriendshadalreadygonetoEgyptforthewinter,buthewasleftbehind.HedecidedtorestbetweenthefeetoftheHappyPrince.Suddenly,hefeltdropsofwaterfallingonhim.Thestatuewascrying!Theswallowasked,"Whyareyoucrying?"Theprincesaid,"WhenIwasalive,Iwasalwayshappy.ButnowIseeallthesadandpoorpeopleinmycity.Thoughmyheartismadeofstone,Icanstillcry."Theprinceaskedtheswallowtohelphim.First,heaskedtheswallowtotaketheredjewelfromhisswordtoapoormotherwhosesonwassick.Theswallowdidso.Thentheprinceaskedtheswallowtotakeoneofhisbluejeweleyestoayoungwriterwhowascoldandhungry.Again,theswallowhelped.Thentheprinceaskedtheswallowtotakehisotherbluejeweleyetoapoorlittlematchgirl.Theswallowdidnotwanttomaketheprinceblind,buttheprinceorderedhimtodoso.Afterthat,theprincewasblind.Theswallowdecidedtostaywithhimforever.Theswallowflewalloverthecity,takingthegoldleavesfromtheprince'sbodytogivetothepoor.Theprincebecamegreyanddull,butthepoorpeoplebecamehappier.Wintercame,andtheswallowgrewcolderandcolder.Finally,hekissedtheprinceandfelldeadathisfeet.Atthatmoment,theprince'sheartbrokeintotwopieces.Godsawthedeadswallowandthebrokenheart.Hesaid,"Thesearethetwomostvaluablethingsinthecity.Theswallowwillsingforeverinmygarden.Theprincewillliveforeverinmygoldencity.Theirkindnessandloveneverdie."24．Whydidthehappyprincecry?A．Becausehewasmadeofgold.B．Becausetheswallowlefthimalone.C．Becausehesawthesadlifeofthepoorinhiscity.25．Howdidtheswallowprobablyfeelwhentheprincebecameblind?A．Sad. B．Scared. C．Excited.26．Whichisthecorrectorderofthefollowingeventsaccordingtothestory?①Theprincecried.②Theprincebecameblind.③Theprince'sheartbrokeintotwopieces.④Theprinceaskedtheswallowtotakehisgoldleavestothepoor.A．③→②→①→④ B．①→③→④→② C．①→②→④→③27．Whatcanwelearnfromthestory?A．Beautifulthingsarethemostvaluable.B．Kindnessandlovearethemostvaluablethings.C．Itisfoolishtogiveawayeverythingyouhave.阅读理解Whatcomestoyourmindwhenyouhear"asmallwaterway"?Canasmallwaterwayinfluencethewholeworld?TheStraitofHormuz(霍尔木兹海峡)showsusthattheanswerisyes.TheStraitofHormuzliesinthesouthwestofAsia.Itisabout150kmlong.Itisbetween56kmand125kmwide,butthesmallestpartisonly33to48.3km.Eventhoughitisnotlarge,itistheonlywaterwayfromthePersianGulftotheIndianOcean.AlloilshipsfromtheGulfcountriesmustpassthroughit.Thatiswhypeoplecallitthe"WorldOilValve"(世界油阀).Inhistory,thestraitwaspartoftheMaritimeSilkRoad(海上丝绸之路).ThatoldsearoadconnectedChinawithmanyothercountries.Peopleusedittotradesilk,tea,andotherthings.Itwasveryimportantintradeandculturalexchangeinolddays.Inmoderntimes,thestraitisnotonlyimportantforoiltransportbutalsoforrelationsbetweencountries.Countriesnearthestrait,likeIranandOman,playakeyroleinkeepingitopen.Ifthestraitisclosed,oilpricesaroundtheworldcouldriseveryquickly.Thatiswhymanypowerfulcountriespaycloseattentiontothissmallwaterway.Sometimes,somecountriessendtheirmilitary(军事的)shipsthroughthestraittoshowhowstrongtheyare.Asmallproblemheremaybecomeabigtroubleforthewholeworld.SotheStraitofHormuzisoneofthemostimportantwaterwaysintheworld.Thoughitissmall,itcaninfluenceoilpricesandrelationsbetweencountries.Themoreyoulearnaboutit,themoreitwillsurpriseyou.28．Howdoesthewriterstartthetopic?A．Byaskingquestions.B．Bylistingnumbers.C．Bygivingexamples.29．HowlongistheStraitofHormuz?A．About70km. B．About150km. C．About219km.30．WhatmayhappeniftheStraitofHormuzisclosed?A．Oilpricesmayrisequickly.B．Thestraitwillbecomewider.C．Army'sshipswilldisappear.31．Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．ABusyWaterwaywithHeavyOilTrafficB．ASmallWaterwaywithaLongHistoryC．ASmallWaterwaywithGreatInfluence四、第二部分，阅读理解，第二节(共4小题，每小题2分，满分8分)阅读理解Growingupisnotalwayseasy.Asjuniorhighschoolstudents,weoftenfacedoubtsfromothers.Theymaymakeusfeeldown.Butdon'tworry.32．Staycalmandthinkwisely.Whenyoufacedoubts,thefirststepistostaycalm.Don'targuewithothersatonce.Instead,takeadeepbreathandthinkcarefully.33．Ifyes,thankthetruthandtrytoimprove.Ifno,justpaynoattentiontoit.Useyouractionstoprove(证明)yourself.34．Forexample,ifsomeonedoesn'tbelieveyoucandowellinatest,don'tjustgetangry.Studyhardeveryday,doyourhomework,andgooveryournotes.Whenyougetagoodscore,youwillshowthemthatyoucandoit.35．Nooneknowsyoubetterthanyourself.Whenothersdoubtyou,don'tlosehope.Tellyourself,"Icandoit!"Letyourdoubtsmakeyoustronger.Keepworkinghardforyourdreams.Ifyoubelieveinyourself,youwillfindsuccessintheend.Inshort,doubtshelpusgrow.Staycalm,workhard,andtrustyourself.Youcanturndoubtsintopowerandbecomebetter.A.Believeinyourself.B.Betterknowyourself.C.Askyourself:isthisdoubttrue?D.Herearesomeusefulwaystodealwithdoubts.E.Alwaysrememberthatactionsspeaklouderthanwords.五、第三部分，语言运用，第一节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。"Ouch!"IcriedasIfelltotheground.Myankle(脚踝)hurtsomuchthatIcouldn't36．.IthappenedwhenIjumpedtocatchthe37．duringthebasketballgame.WhenIlanded,Isteppedonanotherplayer'sfootandIsprained(扭伤)myankle.Myteammatesranovertome."AreyouOK?"askedMike."Letmehelpyou38．,"saidTom.Hetriedtopullmeup.Anotherfriend,Sam,said,"I'llgettheschooldoctor."Everyonewastryingtohelp,butIfeltsomethingwas39．.Justthen,ourPEteacherMr.Zhangcame.Hetoldeveryonetostepback."Don't40．him,"hesaid.Mr.Zhangcheckedmyankle41．."It'sasprain,"hesaid.HeaskedMiketogeticefromthesportsroom.Samhelpedputachairundermyfoot.Soonmyanklefelt42．."Iceisthebestinthefirst48hours.Manypeopledon'tknowthisandmakea43．.Theyusehotwaterrightaway,butthat'swrong."Ilearnedagood44．thatday.Whenyougetasprain,remember:stopmoving,puticeonitandkeepitup.I'mgladmyteacherwasthere.45．him,Imighthavedonesomethingreallysilly.NowIalwaystellmyfriends:"Whenyousprainyourankle,useicefirst!"36．A．standup B．putup C．lookup37．A．bat B．ball C．net38．A．run B．walk C．jump39．A．funny B．helpful C．wrong40．A．step B．call C．move41．A．carefully B．happily C．nervously42．A．worse B．better C．hotter43．A．mistake B．decision C．promise44．A．story B．game C．lesson45．A．With B．Without C．For六、第三部分，语言运用，第二节(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)阅读下面短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。bowcountryformalusuallytheyhugsaymeetofwhenPeopleindifferent46．greeteachotherindifferentways.Thesecustomsmaysurprisevisitorsatfirst,buttheyarepart47．eachculture.InJapan,people48．whentheymeetateacher.IntheUS,people49．justsay"hello"orshakehands.InFrance,friendsoftenkissonthecheek50．hello.InKorea,peopledon'toftendothatbecauseit'stoopersonal.IntheUK,peoplethinkshakinghandsisalittle51．,sotheyjustsay"hello".InBrazil,closefriendsoftengiveeachothera52．.53．yougotoanewplace,it'sgoodtolearnitscustomsfirst.Forexample,inIndia,peoplehaveaspecialgreeting.Theypress54．palmstogether,bow,andsay"Namaster".Differentcustomsmayseemstrange,butdon'tfeelembarrassed.Justwatch,learn,andberespectful.Whenyou55．someonefromadifferentculture,remembertobepolite.Justasthesayinggoes,"WheninRome,doastheRomansdo."七、第四部分，综合技能，第一节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)任务型阅读Haveyoueverseenawallofsandcomingtowardsyou?Itisnotacloud.Itisasandstorm!Asandstormhappensinhot,sandyareas,suchasSaudiArabia,NorthAfricaandtheUSA.Windsinthedesertpickupthetoplayer(层)ofsandandlift(扬起)itintotheair.Sandstormscanbeverybig.Thewallofsandcanbeupto15metrestallandmanymileslong.Sandfromthestormcanrisemuchhigher,upto1,500metres.Sandstormscantravel25milesanhour.Soifyouseeonecoming,youmustactquickly.Itwillarrivebeforeyouknowit!Sandstormsusuallyhappeninsummer,thedriesttimeoftheyear,whensandliftsupeasily.Theyaredangerousformanyreasons.First,youcannotseewelloutside.Sandgetsintoyournoseandmouthandcangointoyourlungs(肺).Second,driverscannotseeclearly,soaccidentsbecomemorefrequent(频繁的).Ifyouhavetogooutsideinasandstorm,wearsunglassestoprotectyoureyes.Also,coveryourmouthandnosewithascarf.Itisalsoimportanttoclosealldoorsandwindows.Evenifyoudoyourbest,sandstillgetsintothehouse.Everythinggetsdusty—eventhepagesofyourbooks!Sandstormsareaseriousprobleminmanypartsoftheworld.Scientistsarestudyingwaystostopthem,suchasplantingmoretrees.Remember,ifasandstormiscoming,stayinsideandstaysafe.56．Howfastcanasandstormtravel?57．Whyisasandstormdangerousfordrivers?58．Ifasandstormhappensinyourcity,whatwillyoudotoprotectyourself?59．Ifyouwereascientist,whatwillyousuggestdoingtostopsandstorms?60．将短文中画线句子翻译成中文。八、第四部分，综合技能，第二节，写作(共1题，满分15分)61．在你的空闲时间，你喜欢做什么呢?你一定有很多有意义的安排。下周的英语课上，班级将举行"Myfavouritefree-timeactivity"分享活动。请你根据下面的思维导图写一篇发言稿。注意：(1)文中不得出现真实姓名和校名等信息；(2)词数80词左右。Goodmorning,everyone.I'mgladtosharemyfavouritefree-timeactivitywithyou.……

答案解析部分【答案】1．A2．B3．B4．C5．A【知识点】短对话理解；询问意向；就医情景；sciencefiction【解析】【听力原文】1.M:Youlookterrible,Emily.Areyousufferingfromastomachache?W:No.I'vegotabadbackache.2.M:I'vereadalotofsciencefictionbooksrecently.Doyoulikethem,Lisa?W:No,Ilovedetectivestories.3.M:Whyareyoupackingthoseclothes,Emma?W:Iwanttodonatethemtohelppeopleinneed.4.W:I'mgoingtospendsometimecollectingpostcardsthisweekend.Howaboutyou,John?M:I'mplanningtogetintokungfuandpracticeit.5.W:InJapan,webowwhenwegreetsomeone.Howaboutyou,LiWei?M:InChina,weusuallyjustshakehands,butsometimeswehugclosefriends.【点评】考查短对话理解，首先读懂每个题意，然后带着问题有目的地听出相关语句，最终选择正确选项。1．句意：艾米丽哪里不舒服？根据I'vegotabadbackache.(我背痛得厉害)，可知Emily背痛，故选A。2．句意：男士读了什么类型的书？根据I'vereadalotofsciencefictionbooksrecently.可知男士最近读了很多科幻小说，故选B。3．句意：艾玛为什么整理衣服？根据Iwanttodonatethemtohelppeopleinneed.可知艾玛想把衣服捐赠出去帮助有需要的人，故选B。4．句意：约翰这周末要做什么？根据I'mplanningtogetintokungfuandpracticeit.可知这周末约翰练习功夫，故选C。5．句意：女士所在国家的人们如何打招呼？根据InJapan,webowwhenwegreetsomeone.可知在女士国家与人见面时鞠躬，故选A。【答案】6．A7．A【知识点】长对话理解；询问意向；searchforinformation【解析】【听力原文】W:Johnson,the2027AFCAsianCupiscallingforvolunteers.M:Really?I'dlovetojoinit!W:Metoo.Let'slookupmoreinformationonline.M:Soundsgreat.【分析】主要讲了两人聊天提及2027年亚洲杯正在招募志愿者，二人都想要报名参加，约定接下来上网查找更多志愿者相关信息。

【点评】考查长对话理解，首先浏览问题，读懂题目要求，然后带着问题有目的地听出关键词句，理解句意，最终选择正确选项。6．句意：两位说话人在谈论什么？根据Johnson,the2027AFCAsianCupiscallingforvolunteers(约翰逊，2027年亚足联亚洲杯正在招募志愿者)，可知对话全程围绕亚洲杯志愿者招募展开，核心话题是志愿者相关工作，故选A。7．句意：两位说话人接下来要做什么？根据Let'slookupmoreinformationonline.(我们上网查询更多相关信息)，可知说话者接下来查找信息，故选A。【答案】8．C9．A【知识点】长对话理解；询问感受；询问频率；everyday【解析】【听力原文】W:Ben,youseemabitdowntoday.Iseverythingokay?M:Ididn'tmakethetennisteam.W:Iknowyoulovetennis.Butdon'tbetoohardonyourself.M:Ipracticedtenniseveryday,butitwasn'tenough.W:Therewillbeotherchances.Youcantrynexttime.M:You'reright.【分析】主要讲了女子发现本情绪低落并上前关心，本坦言自己没能入选网球队，虽然他每天坚持练习网球依旧落选；女子安慰他不必过分苛责自己，以后还有别的机会，本认同对方的说法。

【点评】考查长对话理解，首先浏览每个题目要求，读懂题意，然后带着问题抓住重点语句，最终确定答案。8．句意：本今天情绪低落的原因是什么？根据Ididn'tmakethetennisteam.可知原因是本没能进入网球队，故选C。9．句意：本多久打一次网球？根据Ipracticedtenniseveryday,butitwasn'tenough.可知男士每天都练习网球，故选A。【答案】10．C11．B【知识点】长对话理解；询问时间；询问喜好；intheevening；sciencefiction【解析】【听力原文】M:Howoftendoyoureadbooks,Jane?W:IreadbookseverynightbeforeIgotobed.M:Well,what'syourfavoritebook?W:OliverTwist.M:It'saclassic.ButIlikesciencefictionbest,suchasTheTimeMachine.W:IthinkTheThree-BodyProblemisoneofthemostfamoussciencefictionbooksinChina.M:Yes.It'smyfavoritetoo.【分析】主要讲了两人围绕阅读展开对话，男士询问简的阅读频率，简表示每晚睡前读书，最爱《雾都孤儿》；男士坦言自己偏爱科幻小说，举例《时间机器》，二人都认同《三体》是国内知名科幻作品，也是男士最喜欢的书。

【点评】考查长对话理解，首先读懂每个题目，理解题意，然后带着问题有目的地听出相关语句，最终确定正确选项。10．句意：简通常什么时候看书？根据IreadbookseverynightbeforeIgotobed.可知简每晚睡前都会看书，故选C。11．句意：男士最喜欢哪一类书籍？根据M:ButIlikesciencefictionbest,suchasTheTimeMachine.Yes.It'smyfavoritetoo.可知男士最喜欢科幻小说，故选B。【答案】12．B13．C14．A【知识点】长对话理解；询问意向；询问地点【解析】【听力原文】W:911,what'stheemergency?M:Atruckhitagirlandshefellhardtotheground.W:Wheredidtheaccidenthappen?M:IthappenednearthesubwaystationonGreenStreet.W:OK.Therescueteamisabouttoarriveinminutes.Wewillsendthegirltothehospital.M:Ihopeyoucanarrivesoon.W:Howisthegirlnow?M:Itlookslikeshehasproblemsmovingandsheisbleeding.W:OK.Wewillarriveassoonaspossible.【分析】主要讲了男士拨打911急救电话报案，称一辆卡车撞倒一名女孩，女孩摔倒在地无法行动且正在流血；事故地点位于格林大街地铁站附近，接线员告知救援队几分钟内抵达，会将女孩送往医院，并承诺尽快赶到现场救援。

【点评】考查长对话理解，首先浏览题意，读懂题目要求，然后结合相关语句及翻译，结合选项最终选择正确选项。12．句意：什么重重撞到了女孩？根据Atruckhitagirlandshefellhardtotheground.可知一辆卡车撞到了女孩，女孩重重摔倒在地，故选B。13．句意：事故发生在哪里？根据IthappenednearthesubwaystationonGreenStreet.可知事故发生在格林大街的地铁站旁，故选C。14．句意：这位男士正在做什么？根据911,what'stheemergency?(这里是911，请问有什么紧急情况)，可知男士拨打急救电话描述车祸现场情况，目的是寻求救援，属于打电话求助，故选A。【答案】15．A16．B17．B【知识点】长对话理解；询问意向；询问地点【解析】【听力原文】M:Jenny,didtheheavyraincauseanytroublenearyourhome?W:Yes.Thefloodwatercameintoourgarden.M:Oh!Didyouknowtherainwascoming?W:No.Wewereatmygrandma'shouse.M:Whathappenedwhenyoucameback?W:Ourchairsandtablewereinthewater.M:I'msorry.Wasanythingbroken?W:Yes,somebooksandtoys.Itwastheworstday.M:Wewereluckier.Weputoursuppliesuphighbeforetherain.W:Thatwassmart!NexttimeI'lllistentotheweatherreport.【分析】主要讲了男士询问珍妮大雨是否造成麻烦，珍妮表示洪水涌入自家花园，下雨时她一家人正在奶奶家，回家后桌椅都泡在水里，还有书籍玩具被损坏；男士说自家比较幸运，下雨前提前把物品放到高处，珍妮表示下次会留意天气预报提前防范。

【点评】考查长对话理解，首先浏览选项，读懂题意，然后带着问题有目的地听出相关语句，理解句意，最终确定正确答案。15．句意：是什么给珍妮家附近带来麻烦？根据didtheheavyraincauseanytroublenearyourhome?W:Yes.Thefloodwatercameintoourgarden.可知洪水涌进了她家花园造成麻烦，故选A。16．句意：当时珍妮在哪里？根据No.Wewereatmygrandma'shouse.可知珍妮当时在奶奶家里，故选B。17．句意：男士提前做了什么准备？根据Weputoursuppliesuphighbeforetherain.可知下雨前男士把生活用品放到高处，故选B。【答案】18．A19．C20．B【知识点】短文理解；询问意向；表达建议；表达态度【解析】【听力原文】Heyeveryone!I'mLiMing.Lastyear,IvisitedmyuncleinSpainandlearnedaboutsomesocialcustoms.InSpain,peopleusuallygreetsomeonewithakissonbothcheeks,evenifthey'renotveryclosetotheperson.Peopleshakehandsonmoreformaloccasions.Whenitcomestodining,it'simportanttokeepyourelbowsoffthetableandwaitforthehosttostarteating.Praisingthemealisalsopolite.Insocialsituations,huggingiscommonamongfriendsandfamily,butnotwithstrangers.Finally,ifyouvisitsomeone'shome,it'spolitetobringasmallpresent,likeflowersorchocolate.Also,don'tbesurprisedifpeopletalkalittlelouder——theywanteveryonetofeelwelcome.

【分析】主要讲了李明分享去年去西班牙叔叔家了解到的当地社交礼仪：日常见面多双边贴面礼，正式场合握手；用餐时手肘不搭桌、等主人先开吃、夸赞食物；亲友间常拥抱，陌生人之间不会；登门拜访带上鲜花、巧克力小礼品会很有礼貌，当地人交谈声音偏大是热情好客的表现。

【点评】考查短文理解，首先浏览题目要求，然后带着问题有目的地听出关键词句，最后结合选项内容和相关语句确定正确答案。18．句意：在西班牙人们通常如何和他人打招呼？根据InSpain,peopleusuallygreetsomeonewithakissonbothcheeks.可知在西班牙，人们通常以两边贴面亲吻的方式和别人打招呼，故选A。19．句意：在西班牙用餐时你应该怎么做？根据Whenitcomestodining,it'simportanttokeepyourelbowsoffthetableandwaitforthehosttostarteating.Praisingthemealisalsopolite.可知用餐时，手肘不要放在桌上、等主人先开动，夸赞饭菜也是礼貌行为，故选C。20．句意：拜访别人时什么行为是有礼貌的？根据Finally,ifyouvisitsomeone'shome,it'spolitetobringasmallpresent,likeflowersorchocolate.可知如果你去别人家做客，带上鲜花、巧克力这类小礼物是有礼貌的，故选B。【答案】21．B22．A23．C【知识点】广告布告类；应用文；细节理解；文章出处【解析】【分析】主要讲了一则城市图书馆儿童阅览室暑期志愿者招募启事。

【点评】考查阅读理解，首先浏览文章，读懂题目要求，然后带着问题从文中抓住相关语句，最终确定正确答案。21．细节理解题。根据Wanted:10libraryvolunteers可知需要10名图书馆志愿者，故选B。22．细节理解题。根据Age:13-16.Behelpfulandpatientwithyoungreaders.(年龄13至16岁、乐于助人，对小读者有耐心)，可知12岁低于最低年龄、18岁超出最高年龄，选项B、C不符合年龄条件，14岁在规定年龄区间且具备乐于助人的条件，完全符合招募要求，故选A。23．文章出处题。A.日记；B.课本；C.网站。根据Applyby:June30Email:summerlibrary@163.com.(申请截止日期6月30日，邮箱地址summerlibrary@163.com)，可知文中提供线上报名邮箱，这类志愿者招募启事常发布在网站，日记记录个人生活、课本以学习课文为主，均不会刊登招聘邮箱，故选C。【答案】24．C25．A26．C27．B【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文；细节理解【解析】【分析】主要讲了城中矗立着满身金箔、宝石装饰的快乐王子雕像。一只掉队的燕子停在雕像脚边，发现王子正在落泪。生前无忧无虑的王子如今目睹城中穷人的苦难，心生悲悯。他拜托燕子先后取下剑上红宝石、两颗宝石眼珠送给生病孩子的母亲、穷困青年、卖火柴小女孩，王子因此失明，燕子选择留下陪伴他。燕子又将王子身上全部金箔分给穷人，雕像变得黯淡无光。寒冬来临，燕子冻死在王子脚下，王子石心随之碎裂。上帝认可燕子与王子，认为他们的善良与爱是世间最珍贵之物，许诺让二者获得永生。故事赞美无私奉献、心怀他人的善良与大爱。

【点评】考查阅读理解，首先浏览题目要求，读懂题意，然后结合相关语句从文中抓住重点语句，最终选择正确答案。24．细节理解题。根据ButnowIseeallthesadandpoorpeopleinmycity.Thoughmyheartismadeofstone,Icanstillcry.(可如今我看见了这座城市里所有悲伤、穷苦的百姓，虽然我的心脏是石头做的，我依然忍不住落泪)，可知王子落泪的根源是目睹穷人的苦难，故选C。25．细节理解题。A.难过的；B.害怕的；C.感到兴奋的。根据Theswallowdidnotwanttomaketheprinceblind,buttheprinceorderedhimtodoso.(燕子不忍心让王子失去双眼，可王子还是执意让他照做)，可知燕子不愿王子失明，内心一定十分难过，故选A。26．细节理解题。根据第二段Suddenly,hefeltdropsofwaterfallingonhim.Thestatuewascrying!(突然有水滴滴落在燕子身上，原来是雕像在哭泣)，可知对应事件①，是第一件发生的事；根据第三段Thentheprinceaskedtheswallowtotakehisotherbluejeweleyetoapoorlittlematchgirl...Afterthat,theprincewasblind.(随后王子让燕子取下另一颗宝石眼睛送给卖火柴的小女孩，这件事过后王子双目失明)，可知对应事件②，发生在①之后；根据第四段Theswallowflewalloverthecity,takingthegoldleavesfromtheprince'sbodytogivetothepoor.(燕子飞遍全城，取下王子身上的金箔送给穷人)，可知对应事件④，发生在王子失明之后；根据第四段Finally,hekissedtheprinceandfelldeadathisfeet.Atthatmoment,theprince'sheartbrokeintotwopieces.(最后燕子亲吻王子后倒在他脚边死去，就在那一刻，王子的心碎裂成两半)，可知对应事件③，是最后发生的事；完整事件顺序①王子哭泣→②王子失明→④分发金箔→③王子心碎，匹配选项C，其余选项顺序均和原文叙事先后冲突，故选C。27．细节理解题。根据Godsaid,"Thesearethetwomostvaluablethingsinthecity...Theirkindnessandloveneverdie."(上帝说：这是城中最珍贵的两样东西……他们的善良与爱永不消逝)，可知文章主旨歌颂善良与无私的爱，选项A、C表述与文章中心思想完全相反，故选B。【答案】28．A29．B30．A31．C【知识点】说明文；世界主要地区地理概况；细节理解；推理判断；标题选择【解析】【分析】文章以设问引出霍尔木兹海峡，介绍它地理位置狭小，却是波斯湾石油外运唯一通道，被称为世界油阀。古时这里是海上丝绸之路，承担中外贸易与文化交流；如今它不仅关乎石油运输，更影响各国国际关系，一旦通道关闭，全球油价会快速上涨，海峡一点小事都可能演变成全球难题。全文总结，这条看似狭小的水道，拥有足以影响全球的巨大影响力。

【点评】考查阅读理解，在通读全文的基础上，根据全文大意，展开逻辑思维，瞻前顾后，认真辨析选项，仔细推敲，确定最佳答案。28．细节理解题。根据Whatcomestoyourmindwhenyouhear"asmallwaterway"?Canasmallwaterwayinfluencethewholeworld?(当你听到"小型水道"你会想到什么？一条小小的水道能影响整个世界吗)，可知文章开头连续使用两个疑问句引出霍尔木兹海峡这一话题，属于提问开篇；数字、事例都在文章第二段、第三段才出现，并非开篇手法，因此排除B、C，故选A。29．细节理解题。根据Itisabout150kmlong.可知霍尔木兹海峡全长约150千米，故选B。30．推理判断题。根据Ifthestraitisclosed,oilpricesaroundtheworldcouldriseveryquickly.(如果海峡封锁，全球油价会迅速上涨)，可知封锁带来的后果是油价暴涨，B、C内容原文完全没有提及，故选A。31．标题选择题。全文核心主旨是海峡面积狭小，却掌控全球石油运输、影响国际关系、牵动全球经济，首尾反复强调smallwaterway却能影响世界；选项A只侧重石油运输、选项B只侧重历史，都只是局部细节，选项C精准概括全文核心"狭小但影响力巨大"，故选C。【答案】32．D；33．C；34．E；35．A【知识点】议论文；自我认识【解析】【分析】主要讲了成长路上初中生常会遭遇他人的质疑，容易情绪低落，本文给出三种应对质疑的有效方法：第一保持冷静、理性思考，自问质疑是否属实并分情况处理；第二用实际行动证明自己，靠努力付出做出成果回应他人；第三要相信自己，不丢失信心，把质疑转化为前进动力。文章最后总结，质疑能助力我们成长，只要冷静、努力、自信，就能把质疑化作力量，不断变得更优秀。

A.Believeinyourself.相信自己。

B.Betterknowyourself.最好了解自己。

C.Askyourself:isthisdoubttrue?问问自己：这个怀疑是真的吗？

D.Herearesomeusefulwaystodealwithdoubts.这里有一些处理疑虑的有用方法。

E.Alwaysrememberthatactionsspeaklouderthanwords.永远记住，行动胜于言语。

【点评】考查阅读还原，首先浏览文章，读懂文章大意，然后理解选项意思，根据前后句相关语句最终选择正确选项。32．根据前文Butdon'tworry.(但是不必担心)，后文分段给出三条应对质疑的方法小标题；结合选项可知选项D(这里有一些处理疑虑的有用方法)，前文安慰读者不用因他人质疑难过，后文分点介绍解决办法，D起到总起过渡作用，自然引出下文全部建议，故选D。33．根据Instead,takeadeepbreathandthinkcarefully.(相反，深呼吸仔细思考)，后文Ifyes,thankthetruthandtrytoimprove.Ifno,justpaynoattentiontoit.(如果属实，正视不足努力改进；如果不实，不必放在心上)，结合选项可知选项C(问问自己：这个怀疑是真的吗？)，可知后文yes和no对应C句的设问，先自我判断质疑是否属实再分情况处理，逻辑衔接紧密，故选C。34．本段小标题Useyouractionstoproveyourself.(用行动证明自己)，后文举努力学习考高分证明自己的例子，结合选项可知选项E(永远记住，行动胜于言语)，本段核心观点依靠实际行动证明自身，选项E贴合段落主题，承接小标题引出下文举例，故选E。35．根据后文Nooneknowsyoubetterthanyourself...Ifyoubelieveinyourself,youwillfindsuccessintheend.(没人比你更了解自己，要相信自己才能收获成功)，结合选项可知选项A(相信自己)，后文全程围绕自我信任展开，A作为本段小标题精准概括段落中心，故选A。【答案】36．A；37．B；38．B；39．C；40．C；41．A；42．B；43．A；44．C；45．B【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文【解析】【分析】主要讲述了作者打篮球扭伤脚踝后，从体育老师正确的应急处理中学到了扭伤急救知识的经历。

【点评】考查完形填空，首先通读一遍文章，跳过缺失的单词，再根据上下文来判断所缺单词的含义，最后对选项进行区别，选出正确的那一项。36．句意：我的脚踝疼得厉害，根本站不起来。A.站起来；B.搭建，张贴；C.查阅，向上看。根据前文Ifelltotheground.Myankle(脚踝)hurtsomuch.(我倒在地上。我的脚踝疼得厉害)，可知作者摔倒后脚踝剧痛，没办法站起来，只有standup符合语境，故选A。37．句意：这件事发生在篮球赛中，我跳起来去接球的时候。A.球棒；B.球；C.网。根据后文duringthebasketballgame(在篮球比赛期间)，可知是在篮球比赛中跳起来接球，因此选ball，故选B。38．句意：汤姆说："我扶你走一走吧。"A.跑；B.走，走动；C.跳。根据后句Hetriedtopullmeup.(他试图把我拉起来)，可知作者摔倒扭伤后，Tom想要扶作者起来走动，结合语境只有walk符合，run和jump都不符合受伤后无法剧烈移动的情境，故选B。39．句意：大家都想来帮忙，但我感觉他们的做法有点不妥。A.有趣的；B.有帮助的；C.错误的。根据后文Hetoldeveryonetostepback.可知体育老师制止了大家的帮助，说明队友们的处理方式不对，因此作者感觉有地方不对，wrong符合语境，故选C。40．句意：他说："不要挪动他。"A.踩，迈步；B.呼叫；C.移动。根据后文stopmoving(停止移动)，可知脚踝扭伤后不能随意移动，老师让大家不要动作者，符合急救原则，因此选move，故选C。41．句意：张老师仔细检查了我的脚踝。A.仔细地；B.开心地；C.紧张地。checkedmyankle检查我的脚踝，结合选项可知讲的是老师仔细检脚踝符合题意，carefully符合身份和语境，故选A。42．句意：很快我的脚踝舒服一些了。A.更糟糕的；B.更好的；C.更热的。根据前文HeaskedMiketogeticefromthesportsroom.Samhelpedputachairundermyfoot.(他让迈克从运动室拿冰块。萨姆帮我把椅子放在脚下)，可知正确处理之后，脚踝的不适感会缓解，感觉更好，因此选better，故选B。43．句意：很多人不了解这点，会犯一个错误。A.错误；B.决定；C.承诺。根据后文theyusehotwaterrightaway,butthat'swrong(他们马上用热水，但那是不对的)，可知很多人不知道正确方法，会犯错，makeamistake犯错，固定搭配，符合语境，故选A。44．句意：那天我学到了很有用的经验。A.故事；B.比赛；C.教训，课程。learnagoodlesson是固定搭配，表示"学到了有用的一课/很好的经验教训"，符合作者学到急救知识的语境，故选C。45．句意：要是没有他，我可能会做出很荒唐的错误处理方式。A.有；B.没有；C.为了。根据前文I'mgladmyteacherwasthere.(我很高兴老师当时在那)，后文Imighthavedonesomethingreallysilly.(我可能做了一些非常愚蠢的事情)，由此可知假如没有老师，作者可能会做出错误处理，因此Without符合虚拟假设的逻辑，故选B。【答案】46．countries；47．of；48．bow；49．usually；50．tosay；51．formal；52．hug；53．When；54．their；55．meet【知识点】说明文；文化差异与文化自信【解析】【分析】本文介绍不同国家有着各不相同的见面问候习俗，这些是各国独特文化的组成部分。文中分别介绍日本鞠躬、美国简单问好握手、法国贴面礼、韩国不常亲密接触、英国觉得握手过于正式、巴西好友拥抱、印度合十行礼等多国礼仪。文章告诉我们去到陌生地方应当先了解当地习俗，面对不同文化的礼仪不必尴尬，多观察学习、心怀尊重，和不同文化背景的人相处要礼貌入乡随俗。

bow鞠躬；country国家；f