UNIT 5　WORKING THE LAND 高中英语选择性必修第一册

UNIT5WORKINGTHELAND佳作抢鲜背学续写思路，背精彩范文(主题语境：人与自然之人与动物)(2020·山东新高考模拟卷)寒冷的雨夜，作者发现了一只流浪狗，作者说服母亲把它收留下来。慢慢地，小狗与大家相处融洽，成为了作者家庭的一员，但有一天小狗从外面回来时，受伤了……续写思路：小狗受伤回家——沮丧面对主人——小狗默默逃走——突然回来——永远离开……精彩范文Almostayearlater，onemidnightweheardSpottybarkingbreathlessly.WerushedoutofthehouseonlytoseemySpottylyingonthedoormat，dying.(与首句衔接)Uponseeingus，Spottyroseawkwardlytohisfeet，wagginghistailandhiseyessparklingwithexcitement.Immediately，Ikneltdowntohughimandtearsbegantowellupinmyeyesuncontrollably.Spottylookedatme，lickingmycheeksasiftotellmesomething.AnditwasatthatmomentthatIrealizedwhySpottyreturnedtome—hehadforgivenmeforwhatIhaddone.Unfortunately，Spottydidn’tstaylongandheclosedhiseyesforeverthenextday.ManyyearshaspassedsinceSpottyleftus，butthevaluablelessonhetaughtmewillremaininmymemory.(主旨升华)学习借鉴1.富有表现力的副词awkwardly，Immediately，uncontrollably，Unfortunately2.精彩的动作与神情描写①roseawkwardlytohisfeet，wagginghistailandhiseyessparklingwithexcitement②Ikneltdowntohughimandtearsbegantowellupinmyeyesuncontrollably3.提分高级句式强调句型：itwasatthatmomentthat...语境背诵(限时：25分钟)Ⅰ.阅读单词1.tacklefuturechallenges应对未来挑战2.faceafinancialcrisis面临财政危机3.conventionalapproaches传统的方法4.intensecompetition激烈的竞争5.generateelectricity发电6.growsorghum种植高粱7.sweepwithabroom用扫帚打扫8.America’sgrainexports美国的谷物出口9.arailwaytunnel铁路隧道10.recognizethepoorwheatharvest认识到小麦歉收11.haveasmokyflavour有一种烟熏的味道12.usechemicalfertilisers使用化学肥料13.alleviateloneliness减轻孤独14.chemicalpesticide化学农药15.killthebacterium杀死细菌16.runasmallgrocerystore经营一家小食品杂货店Ⅱ.核心单词1.attainthepeople’strust获得人民信任2.overcomehisfears克服他的恐惧3.inleisuretime在闲暇时间4.carelittleforcelebrity不在乎名誉5.getusedtourbanlife适应城市生活6.organicfarming有机种植7.receivewidespreadsupport得到普遍支持8.essentialcondition必要条件9.givemeabottleofmineralwater给我一瓶矿泉水10.inthisaspect在这方面——————————————————————1.hybridn.杂交植(动)物；合成物；混合动力车2.boostvt.使增长；使兴旺n.增长；提高；激励3.yieldn.产量；产出vt.出产(作物)；产生(收益、效益等)vi.屈服；让步4.characteristicn.特征；特点；品质adj.典型的；独特的5.expandvt.&vi.扩大；增加vt.扩展；发展(业务)6.outputn.产量；输出；输出量vt.(output，output，outputting)输出7.estimatevt.估计；估价；估算n.估计；估算8.comprisevt.包括；包含；由……组成9.strainn.(动、植物的)系；品种；拉伤；压力10.soiln.泥土；土壤；国土；领土11.celebrityn.名望；名誉；名人；名流12.visionn.想象；视力；视野；影像13.bombn.炸弹vt.轰炸；对……投炸弹14.digestvt.&vi.消化vt.领会；领悟n.摘要；文摘15.alternativen.可供选择的事物adj.可供替代的；非传统的16.rootn.根；根茎；根部；根源———————————————————————————————————Ⅲ.派生单词1.devotevt.把……献(给)；把……专用于；专心于→devotedadj.深爱的；忠诚的→devotionn.奉献；忠诚；挚爱2.shortadj.短的；缺乏的；不足的→shortagen.不足；缺少；短缺→shortenv.(使)变短；缩短3.convincevt.使相信；使确信；说服→convincingadj.令人信服的→convincedadj.确信的；坚信的；坚信不疑的4.conventionn.惯例；习俗→conventionaladj.传统的；习惯的5.assumevt.假定；假设；认为；承担；假装→assumingconj.假定；假如→assumptionn.假定；设定；(责任的)承担；(权利的)获得6.intenseadj.热切的；十分强烈的；激烈的→intensityn.增强；加剧；紧张7.expandvt.&vi.扩大；增加vt.扩展；发展(业务)→expansionn.扩大；膨胀8.consumevt.消耗，耗费(燃料、能量、时间等)→consumern.消费者；顾客；用户→consumptionn.消耗；消耗量；消费9.realadj.真实的→realisevt.实现；意识到→realityn.现实；实际情况；事实10.saltn.盐→saltyadj.含盐的；咸的11.extendv.使延长；扩大→extensionn.扩建部分；扩大；电话分机12.chemicaladj.与化学有关的；化学的n.化学制品；化学品→chemistryn.化学→chemistn.化学家；药剂师13.nutritionn.营养；滋养→nutritionaladj.营养(物)的→nutritiousadj.有营养的；营养丰富的14.pooradj.贫穷的→poorlyadv.糟糕地；不适→povertyn.贫穷；贫困15.digestvt.&vi.消化vt.领会；领悟n.摘要；文摘→digestionn.消化；消化能力16.alternativen.可供选择的事物adj.可供替代的；非传统的→alternativelyadv.可供选择地17.deepadj.深的adv.在深处，深深地→deeplyadv.深刻地，强烈地，深沉地→deepenvt.加深→depthn.向下(或向里)的距离；深(度)18.entireadj.全部的；完全的→entirelyadv.全部地；完整地；完全地1.pursueacareer从事一种职业2.farfrom远离；远非3.deepdown在内心深处；本质上；实际上4.inturn相应地；转而；依次；轮流5.forinstance例如；比如6.nowherenear完全没有；远不及7.devotemyselftoteaching致力于教学工作8.aseriousshortageoffood食物严重短缺9.amatteroflifeanddeath一个生死攸关的问题10.overcomeenormoustechnicaldifficulties克服了巨大的技术困难11.becomprisedoffourkeycomponents由四个关键组件组成12.retiretoalifeofleisure退休后过悠闲的生活13.carelittleformoney不关心名利或金钱14.berichinnutrition在营养方面丰富15.switchtoorganicfarming转向有机农业16.keeptheirsoilrichandfreeofdisease使土壤肥沃并远离疾病1.Indeed，hisslimbutstrongbodywasjustlikethatofmillionsofChinesefarmers，towhomhehaddevotedhislife.(人物描写)确实，他瘦削但结实的身躯看起来和他为之奉献了一生的千千万万的中国农民一样。2.However，whatconcernedhimmostwasthatfarmersoftenhadpoorharvestsandsometimesevenhadaseriousshortageoffoodtoeat.(what引导主语从句)然而，他最担忧的是农民们的收成不好，有时甚至严重缺乏食物。3.Today，itisestimatedthatabout60percentofdomesticriceconsumptioninChinaiscomprisedofcropsgeneratedfromYuan’shybridstrains，andhisstrainshaveallowedChina’sfarmerstoproducearound200milliontonsofriceperyear.(It＋be＋过去分词＋that...)据估算，现在中国国内消费的稻米有大约60%来自袁隆平的杂交水稻品种形成的作物，这些品种(形成的作物)让中国农民每年能够生产出大约两亿吨稻米。4.GiventhatYuan’shybridsmadehimquitewealthy，onemightthinkhewouldhaveretiredtoalifeofleisure.(giventhat...引导条件状语从句)考虑到杂交水稻使袁隆平变得相当富有，人们可能认为他会退休享受闲适的生活。5.Whydifferentcropsaregrownisbecausetheyputimportantmineralsbackintotheground，makingitreadyforthenextbatchofcrops.(现在分词短语作结果状语)轮换种植的原因就是这些作物会把重要的矿物质重新释放回土壤中，为种植下一批庄稼作好准备。6.Whatkeepsthemfromdoingsoisthefactthatchemicalfarmingservesthehighdemandforfoodaroundtheworld.(同位语从句)阻止他们这样做的是这样一个事实，即化学耕作满足了全世界对粮食的高需求。【词汇拓展记忆】后缀-y形容词一览程度副词集锦“由……组成”多棱镜①salt→salty含盐的；咸的②thirst→thirsty渴的；渴望的③taste→tasty美味的④sleep→sleepy困的⑤guilt→guilty内疚的；有罪的⑥greed→greedy贪婪的①extremely极度地②badly非常的③completely完全地，彻底地④totally完全地⑤thoroughly完全地，彻底地⑥desperately极度地①becomprisedof②consistof③bemadeupof④becomposedof语基默写(限时：20分钟)Ⅰ.单词拼写一、阅读单词——知其意1.hybridn.杂交植(动)物；合成物；混合动力车2.tacklevt.解决(难题)；应付(局面)；处理3.crisisn.(pl.crises)危机；危急关头4.boostvt.使增长；使兴旺n.增长；提高；激励5.yieldn.产量；产出vt.出产(作物)；产生(收益、效益等)vi.屈服；让步6.characteristicn.特征；特点；品质adj.典型的；独特的7.generatevt.产生；引起8.celebrityn.名望；名誉；名人；名流9.sorghumn.高粱；高粱米10.broomn.扫把；扫帚；金雀花11.grainn.谷物；谷粒；颗粒12.visionn.想象；视力；视野；影像13.bombn.炸弹vt.轰炸；对……投炸弹14.tunneln.地下通道；地道；隧道15.wheatn.小麦；小麦籽16.flavourn.味道；特点；特色17.fertilisern.肥料18.pesticiden.杀虫剂；除害药物19.bacteriumn.(pl.bacteria)细菌20.groceryn.食品杂货店；[pl.]食品杂货二、核心单词——写其形1.overcomevt.(overcame，overcome，overcoming)克服；解决；战胜2.expandvt.&vi.扩大；增加vt.扩展；发展(业务)3.outputn.产量；输出；输出量vt.(output，output，outputting)输出4.estimatevt.估计；估价；估算n.估计；估算5.comprisevt.包括；包含；由……组成6.soiln.泥土；土壤；国土；领土7.urbanadj.城市的；都市的；城镇的8.widespreadadj.分布广的；普遍的；广泛的9.digestvt.&vi.消化vt.领会；领悟n.摘要；文摘10.mineraln.矿物；矿物质11.alternativen.可供选择的事物adj.可供替代的；非传统的12.rootn.根；根茎；根部；根源■结合语境运用单词13.Besides，finishingthehardracewillhelpusobtainself-confidenceandmotivation，whichareessential(极其重要的)qualitiesinourfuturesuccess.14.Tomyamazement，hisopinionissimilartomineinmanyaspects(方面).15.Toreducepollutionandproducehealthyfood，somefarmershaveturnedtoorganic(有机的)farming.16.Inmyleisure(空闲)time，Ilistentomyfavoritesongsathomeinsteadofgoingoutdoors.17.TheconstructionofChinaSpaceStationshowsourcountryhasattained(获得)greatsuccessinspacescience.三、拓展单词——通其变1.convincevt.使相信；使确信；说服→convincingadj.令人信服的→convincedadj.确信的；坚信的；坚信不疑的2.conventionn.惯例；习俗→conventionaladj.传统的；习惯的3.expandvt.&vi.扩大；增加vt.扩展；发展(业务)→expansionn.扩大；膨胀4.realadj.真实的→realisevt.实现；意识到→realityn.现实；实际情况；事实5.extendv.使延长；扩大→extensionn.扩建部分；扩大；电话分机6.nutritionn.营养；滋养→nutritionaladj.营养(物)的→nutritiousadj.有营养的；营养丰富的7.pooradj.贫穷的→poorlyadv.糟糕地；不适→povertyn.贫穷；贫困8.digestvt.&vi.消化vt.领会；领悟n.摘要；文摘→digestionn.消化；消化能力■利用语境串记单词9.Thefestivalwasreallyafeast，entirely(entire)holdingmeinitspower.(2022·浙江1月卷)10.Devotingallhislifetoeducatinghisdevotedstudents，theoldteacherwasadmiredforhisdevotiontotheeducationcause.(devote)11.Ifyoustudychemistry，youwillwitnessthrillingchemicalreactionsinexperiments.(chemistry)12.Wewilldiscusstheproblemindepthtodeepenourunderstandingsothatwecanunderstanditdeeply.(deep)13.Moreandmorecountriesintheworldareshortofwater，becauseglobalwatershortagesarebecomingincreasinglyserious.(short)14.OntheassumptionthatIamchosenasthechairman，Iwilldefinitelyassumerelevantresponsibility.(assume)15.Thefoodtastessaltybecauseitcontainstoomuchsalt.(salt)16.Bycontrast，consumersinthedevelopedcountriesconsumethemostenergyintheworld.(consume)Ⅱ.短语填空1.devote...to把……用于；献身；致力；专心2.becomprisedof包括；包含；由……组成(或构成)3.deepdown在内心深处；本质上；实际上4.keep...freeof使……无……的5.amatterof...一个……的问题6.inturn相应地；转而；依次；轮流7.forinstance例如；比如8.nowherenear完全没有；远不及9.farfrom远离；远非10.berichin富于；有丰富的……■根据语境选词填空11.Personally，inthepastitwasourparentsandteachersthathelpedusinmanyaspectsandinturnweshouldgiveahelpinghandtothemfromnowon.12.AlthoughIwasangryathiswords，deepdownIknewmostofwhathesaidwasright.13.Myfatherwasfarfromsatisfiedwithmyanswertohisquestion.(2021·浙江6月卷)14.Everyonecanmakecontributionstoprotectingournaturalresources.Forinstance，wecansavelotsofgasbyridingabikeorwalkinginsteadofdriving.15.Keepupyourcourage，sincelifeiscomprisedofjoyandsadness.Ⅲ.句式仿写1.句型公式：what引导主语从句给我印象最深的是，每当我遇到困难时，我的叔叔都会激励我坚持我的梦想。WhatimpressesmemostisthatmyunclewillalwaysmotivatemetosticktomydreamwheneverIcomeacrossdifficulties.2.句型公式：giventhat...引导条件状语从句考虑到她喜欢孩子，我确信教书是适合她的职业。Giventhatsheisfondofchildren，I’mconvincedthatteachingistherightcareerforher.3.句型公式：It＋be＋过去分词＋that...据估计，到2050年，13亿人将把英语作为他们的第一或第二语言。Itisestimatedthat1.3billionpeoplewilluseEnglishastheirfirstorsecondlanguageby2050.Part1核心要点突破1.devotevt.把……献(给)；把……专用于；专心于→devotedadj.深爱的；忠诚的→devotionn.奉献；忠诚；挚爱【佳句背诵】Idecidedtodevotemyselftothetaskofworkingwiththesubjects，whilehedevelopedthescientificmodel.(2022·浙江1月卷)我决定全身心投入到研究课题的工作中，而他则开发科学模型。【以练促学】单句语法填空/一句多译①Responsibleanddevoted(devote)tocommunitywork，heispraisedbythepeoplearound.(2020·全国Ⅰ卷)②Itishisdevotion(devote)tohislearningthatenableshimtoattainadoctor’sdegree.(人物介绍)③我最崇拜的人是我的英语老师，他致力于教学。(人物介绍，2020·全国Ⅰ卷)→ThepersonIadmiremostismyEnglishteacherwho/thatdevoteshimselfto/isdevotedtohisteaching.(定语从句)→ThepersonIadmiremostismyEnglishteacherdevotedtohisteaching.(分词短语作定语)【用法归纳】·devote...to(doing)sth把……奉献给；把……专注于devoteoneselfto(doing)sth致力于/献身于/专心于(做)某事·bedevotedto(doing)sth专心于/致力于(做)某事2.convincevt.使相信；使确信；说服→convincedadj.确信的；坚信的；坚信不疑的→convincingadj.令人信服的【佳句背诵】IhaveconvincedDavidtotakeupthechallengeanddecidetojoininthecross-countryteam.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)我说服了大卫接受挑战并决定加入越野队。【以练促学】单句语法填空/补全句子①Convinced(convince)thatyouradviceisofgreathelptoourgoodperformance，Isincerelyhopeyoucandousafavor.(求助信，2020·全国Ⅲ卷)②Fromhisconvincingwords，Iwasentirelyconvincedofhisabilitytotacklethisproblemperfectly.(convince)③I’mfirmlyconvincedofthesignificanceofhonesty，whichwillcontributetobuildingawarmandharmonioussociety.(读后续写之主旨升华)我坚信诚实的重要性，它有助于建立一个温暖、和谐的社会。【用法归纳】·convincesbofsth使某人确信/明白某事convincesbthat...使某人相信……convincesbtodosth说服某人做某事·beconvinced(that...)/of...(某人)坚信……3.assumptionn.假定；设定；(责任的)承担；(权利的)获得→assumev.假定；假设；认为；承担；假装→assumingconj.假定；假如【佳句背诵】Wemakeanassumptionthateveryoneinvitedwillturnupatthepartyandismakingpreparations.我们假定所有被邀请的人都会出席聚会，并且正在做准备。【以练促学】单句语法填空/句式升级①Assuming(assume)thatIamchosentobechairmanoftheStudentUnion，Iwillorganizemorecolorfulafter-classactivitiestoenrichourschoollife.②PeopleassumethatdrinkingChineseteacannotonlyrefreshourselvesbutalsostrengthenourmemory.→ItisgenerallyassumedthatnotonlycandrinkingChinesetearefreshourselvesbutalsoitcanstrengthenourmemory.(it作形式主语；notonly...butalso...的倒装句)【用法归纳】·ontheassumptionthat...假定……makeanassumption作出假设·assumesb/sth(tobe)＋adj./n.假定/认为某人/某事(为)……Itisgenerallyassumedthat...人们普遍认为……·assuming(that)...假设……4.alternativen.可供选择的事物adj.可供替代的；非传统的→alternativelyadv.可供选择地【佳句背诵】Solarenergyisanalternativetopetrol.Moreover，wecantakethebusoralternativelygotoworkbybike.(倡议书)太阳能是汽油的替代品。而且，我们可以乘公共汽车或骑自行车去上班。【以练促学】单句语法填空/补全句子①TheInternetalsoprovidesuswithacheapalternativetocommunicating(communicate)withothers.(科学技术)②Icouldcometoyourhouse，oralternatively(alternative)，wecouldmeetinthetown.③Wehavenoalternative/choicebuttofacefailurebravelyandlearnfromit.(读后续写之主旨升华)我们别无选择只能勇敢地直面失败并从中吸取教训。【用法归纳】havenoalternative/choicebuttodosth别无选择只得做某事there’snoalternativebuttodosth别无选择只好做某事analternativeto...……的替代品5.inturn相应地；转而；依次；轮流；反过来【佳句背诵】Foronething，notonlydoesithelptobuildupourhealth，butitalsohelpsuslearnmoreeffectivelyinturn.(建议信)一方面，它不仅有助于强身健体，而且反过来帮助我们更有效地学习。【以练促学】补全句子①Somestudentrepresentativestookturnstodeliverspeechesattheceremony.Finallyitwasmyturntospeak.(发言稿，2020·天津5月卷)一些学生代表在典礼上轮流发言。终于轮到我发言了。②Itturnedoutthatthechildren’seffortspaidoffwhenthepopcornwassoldoutquickly.(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)结果爆米花很快售光，孩子们的努力取得了回报。【用法归纳】·inone’sturn轮到某人byturns轮流；交替地taketurnstodosth轮流做某事Itisone’sturntodosth轮到某人做某事·Itturns/turnedoutthat...结果……6.句型公式：giventhat...引导条件状语从句【教材原句】GiventhatYuan’shybridsmadehimquitewealthy，onemightthinkhewouldhaveretiredtoalifeofleisure.考虑到杂交水稻使袁隆平变得相当富有，人们可能认为他会退休享受闲适的生活。【佳句背诵】Giventhat/Consideringtheyareinexperienced，theyhavedoneagoodjob.考虑到他们没有经验，他们已经做得不错了。【以练促学】补全句子①Giventhatconsidering(that)noonehelpedusfrightenawaythepolarbear，wehadnoalternativebuttosaveourselves.(2020·浙江7月卷)考虑到没人帮我们吓走北极熊，我们只得自救。②Giventhatconsidering(that)youarekeenonthetraditionalChinesefestival，DragonBoatFestival，Iamwritingtointroduceittoyou.(传统文化)鉴于您对中国的传统节日端午节非常感兴趣，我写信向您介绍端午节。【用法归纳】giventhat...＝considering(that)...“鉴于，考虑到”，引导条件状语从句7.句型公式：It＋be＋过去分词＋that...【教材原句】Today，itisestimatedthatabout60percentofdomesticriceconsumptioninChinaiscomprisedofcropsgeneratedfromYuan’shybridstrains，andhisstrainshaveallowedChina’sfarmerstoproducearound200milliontonsofriceperyear.据估算，现在中国国内消费的稻米有大约60%来自袁隆平的杂交水稻品种形成的作物，这些品种(形成的作物)让中国农民每年能够生产出大约两亿吨稻米。【佳句背诵】Itisestimatedthattotalinvestmentintheeducationwillcontinuetoincreasethisyear.据估计，今年对教育的总投资将继续增加。【以练促学】补全句子/同义句转换①ItiswellknownthatthereisahugeculturaldifferencebetweenChinaandtheWesterncountries.(2021·全国甲卷)众所周知，中西方国家文化差异很大。②Itwasthoughtthatthevideofilmedbymymomwasamusing，makingmewidelyknowninthetown.(2021·浙江1月卷)→Thevideofilmedbymymomwasthoughttobeamusing，makingmewidelyknowninthetown.【用法归纳】·Sb/Sthisthought/believed/hoped...todosth，意为“某人/物被认为/相信/希望……做某事”。其中，根据情况不定式可用一般式(todo)、进行式(tobedoing)或完成式(tohavedone)。·Itisthought/believed/hopedthat...大家认为/相信/希望……Itisreported/supposedthat...据报道/推测……Itiswellknownthat...众所周知……Part2基础达标检测(限时：20分钟)维度一语境运用练——单句语法填空1.Iftheproblemistackled(tackle)，wewillmakeitpossibleforcomputerstooutput(output)datamuchmorequickly.2.Itisestimated(estimate)thattheprojectwilllastfouryears，generating(generate)alotofinterestsincelastmonth.3.Tomadjustedtohisnewschoolandovercame(overcome)hisshyness，thusboosting(boost)hisconfidence.4.Astheeducatorputsit，expanding(expand)yourknowledgebyreadingmorebooksisawisechoice.5.Itisclarifiedthattherearestillalargenumberofpeoplefacingpoverty(poor)inthearea.6.YuanLongpingchosetostudyagricultureandreceivedaneducation(educate)atSouthwestAgriculturalCollegeinChongqing.7.Shedevotedherselfentirely(entire)toherresearchanditearnedheragoodreputationinherfield.8.Itisessentialthathe(should)get(get)somereliableinformationbeforemakinginferences.9.Fromnowon，you’regoingtohavetostayawayfromsalty(salt)food.(2021·全国乙卷)10.Wefeltathomewithherandwereimpressedwiththedepth(deep)ofherknowledge.维度二语境辨义练——熟词生义/一词多义1.写出加黑部分的词性和汉语意思①IwillneveryieldtothetemporarydifficultiesIamfacingnow.vi.屈服；让步②Herparentswereovercomewithgreatsadnessatthefuneral.vt.受到……的极大影响③Forthosewhohungerforsomepeaceandquiet，soundcannowcreatesilence.(2020·天津7月卷)vi.渴望④I’vebeenfarmingsheeponahillsidefor54years.(2020·浙江7月卷)vt.饲养2.选出digest的汉语意思eq\x(A.vt.消化B.vt.理解C.vi.消化D.n.文摘)①Cattle-raisingpeopleinEastAfricaandnorthernEuropehavegainedamutation(突变)thathelpsthemdigestmilkasadults.(2020·全国Ⅲ卷)A②Thisfooddigestswell，soyoucanfeedittoyourbaby.C③Ittookmealongtimetodigestthetheoryputforwardatthemeeting.B④Ionlyreadthisdigestofthenovel，soIdon’tknowthedetails.D维度三写作提能练——补全句子/一句多译1.Iamconvincedthatonlythrougheffortswillyouovercomethesedifficulties.我相信，只有通过努力，你才会克服这些困难。2.ChinesepeoplemakejointeffortsandworkhardtoturnChineseDreamintoareality.中国人民携手共同努力，以将中国梦变为现实。3.Whattheteacherhadsaidremindedmeofthefamoussaying，“Wherethereisawill，thereisaway”.老师的话让我想起了“有志者，事竟成”这句著名的谚语。4.Ihadnoalternative/choicebuttokeepstillwithmyeyestightlyclosed，listeningtotheknifemovingonthepumpkin.(2021·浙江1月卷)我别无选择，只能紧闭着眼睛一动不动地听着刀在南瓜上移动的声音。5.由5位医生和7名护士组成的救援队已被派往灾区。(新闻报道)→Therescueteammadeupoffivedoctorsandsevennurseshasbeensenttothedisasterareas.→Therescueteamcomprised/composedoffivedoctorsandsevennurseshasbeensenttothedisasterareas.→Therescueteamconsistingoffivedoctorsandsevennurseshasbeensenttothedisasterareas.6.人们相信音乐节不仅有意义而且有趣。(活动介绍)→Itisbelievedthatthemusicfestivalwillbenotonlymeaningfulbutalsointeresting.→Peoplebelievethatthemusicfestivalwillbenotonlymeaningfulbutalsointeresting.→Themusicfestivalisbelievedtobenotonlymeaningfulbutalsointeresting.双写培优练练一应用文写作运用(活动介绍——爱心义卖活动)1.利用本单元所学知识翻译句子①鉴于高三学生即将毕业，昨天学生会组织了爱心义卖活动(charitysale)，以较低的价格出售各种旧书和二手物品。GiventhatSeniorThreestudentsaretograduate，acharitysalewasorganizedbytheStudentUnionyesterdaytosellvarioususedbooksandsecond-handgoodsatalowerprice.②这次爱心义卖活动包括开幕式、卖东西和闭幕式。Thecharitysalewascomprisedoftheopeningceremony，thesellingofobjectsandtheclosingceremony.③以前的高三学生在毕业前花了很多时间卖二手书。FormerSeniorThreestudentsdevotedmuchtimetosellingsecond-handbooksbeforegraduation.④高三学生深信低年级学生可以买到他们所渴望的书籍。SeniorThreestudentsweregreatlyconvincedthatjuniorstudentscouldbuythebookstheyhadadesirefor.⑤所有师生都认为这个活动是有意义的。Alltheteachersandstudentsassumetheactivitytobemeaningful.2.使用恰当的过渡衔接词连句成篇GiventhatSeniorThreestudentsaretograduate，acharitysalewasorganizedbytheStudentUnionyesterdaytosellvarioususedbooksandsecond-handgoodsatalowerprice.Thecharitysalewascomprisedoftheopeningceremony，thesellingofobjectsandtheclosingceremony.Asamatteroffact，formerSeniorThreestudentsdevotedmuchtimetosellingsecond-handbooksbeforegraduation.SeniorThreestudentsweregreatlyconvincedthatjuniorstudentscouldbuythebookstheyhadadesirefor.Inaword，alltheteachersandstudentsassumetheactivitytobemeaningful.练二续写微技能11——表达“后悔与内疚”必备核心词语形容词guilty，regretful副词guiltily，regretfully名词guilt，regret词块muchtoone’sregret(深感懊悔的是)，sighwithdeep/greatregret(非常遗憾地叹了口气)，befullofguilt(满是愧疚)，letoutacryofregret(发出后悔的喊声)，withregretfultearsinone’seyes(眼含后悔的泪水)佳句观摩好句仿写1.Withguiltandregretflowinginmymind，IrushedouttoapologizetoAnne.我满怀内疚和懊悔，冲出去向安妮道歉。2.ShedashedoutbeforeIcouldsayaword，leavingmedumbwithdeepregret.我还没来得及说话，她就冲了出去，留下我后悔不已。3.Anneletoutacryofregret，“I’msosilly.”安妮发出后悔的喊声，“我真傻。”1.LookingatAnne’sfacewetwithtears，Ibegantofeelregretfulandguilty.看着安妮泪流满面的脸，我开始感到后悔和内疚。2.Ifrozethere，withregretfultearsinmyeyes.IfonlyIhadnotquarreledwithAnne!我待在那里，眼里含着后悔的泪水。要是我没和安妮吵架那多好啊！Part3高考题型通关(限时：30分钟)Ⅰ.阅读理解(2023·三亚学业水平诊断)NoothernameinHollywoodshinesasbrightasthenameOprahWinfrey.Beforeallthesuccesswereyearsofstruggleandvariouswallsshehadtoworktobreakdown.Asshewasstartingoffontelevision，shereceivedbacklashforherlooks，forherskincolor，forhercurlyhair，andforheroverweightbody.Shewasacareerwomanwhofoundnointerestinhavingherownchildren.ThesewereallthingsaboutOprahWinfreythatmadeher，atfirst，anunappealingandcontroversialcharacter.Attheageof3，shecouldalreadyrecitepoems.Attheageof17，shewasofferedanon-airjobatWVOL，aradiostationservingtheAfricanAmericancommunityinNashville，whereshecontinuedtoworkthroughthebeginningsofhercollegeyears.ShewonafullscholarshipinTennesseeStateUniversitywhereshemajoredinSpeechCommunicationsandPerformingArts.Afterfinishingherdegree，shesignedonwithalocalTVstation，andfromthereonout，thingsstartedlookingupforher.Wordofhertalentinhostinggotaround，andeventuallyshewasinvitedtohostaprogramonWLS-TV.Inlessthanayear，ratingspickedup，andAMChicagobecameoneofthemostpopularprogramsinthearea.InSeptember1985，theprogramwasrenamedTheOprahWinfreyShow.Hershowbeganairingnationallyin1986，andsincethen，shehasstartedseveralshows，builtherownnetwork，andpublishedherownmagazine.Withthispowerhouseperformerworkingaroundtheclock，shedidmorethanjustbreakaglassceilingoraracialbarrier.Shebuiltamediaempirefromthegroundup.Influential，powerful，independent，self-made—thesearetypicallythewordsthatcometomindwhenpeopleattempttodescribeher.IftherecanonlybeonewordtodescribeOprahWinfrey，it’s“determined”.【语篇解读】本文是记叙文。文章叙述了著名黑人主持人温弗瑞克服困难终获成功的故事。1.Whatistheprobablemeaningoftheunderlinedword“backlash”inparagraph2?A.Support. B.Resistance.C.Attention. D.Invitation.答案B[词义猜测题。画线词所在句子的意思是“当她开始在电视上露面时，她的容貌、肤色、卷发和超重的身体都使她受到了强烈的抵制”，画线词“backlash”的意思是“抵制”。]2.WhendidWinfreyfirstgetinvolvedintelevision?A.Duringhercollegeyears.B.Whenshewas17yearsold.C.WhensheworkedforWVOL.D.Aftergraduatingfromuniversity.答案D[细节理解题。根据第三段“Afterfinishingherdegree，shesignedonwithalocalTVstation”可知，温弗瑞大学毕业后与当地一家电视台签约，开始涉足电视。因此，D项符合题意。]3.Whatismainlytalkedaboutinparagraph4?A.ThebeginningofWinfrey’scareer.B.ThedifficultyWinfreyhadmet.C.ThesuccessofWinfreyinsomeaspects.D.TheinfluenceofTheOprahWinfreyShow.答案C[段落大意题。通读第四段，尤其是“eventuallyshewasinvitedtohostaprogramonWLS-TV”，“shehasstartedseveralshows...herownmagazine”以及“Shebuiltamediaempirefromthegroundup.”可知，本段主要列举了温弗瑞在一些方面的成功。]4.WhatledtoWinfrey’ssuccess?A.Herownstruggle.B.Hergoodluck.C.Defeatingopponents.D.Thesupportofherfamily.答案A[推理判断题。根据第二段“Beforeallthesuccesswereyearsofstruggleandvariouswallsshehadtoworktobreakdown.”可知，温弗瑞靠自己的才华和努力打破桎梏，获得成功。](2023·苏州八校联盟适应性检测)Doctorssometimesprescribelighttherapytotreataformofdepressioninpeoplewhogettoolittlemorningsun.Buttoomuchlightatothertimesmayactuallycausesuchmooddisorders.Long-lastingexposuretolightatnightbringsdepression，anewstudyfinds，atleastinanimals.Thenewdataconfirmobservationsfromstudiesofpeoplewhoworknightshifts，saysRichardStevensoftheUniversityofConnecticutHealthCenter.Mooddisordersjoinagrowinglistofproblems，includingcancer，obesityanddiabetes—thatcanoccurwhenlightthrowslifeoutofbalancebydisturbingthebiologicalclockanditstimingofdailyrhythms.Inthenewstudy，TracyBedrosianandRandyNelsonofOhioStateUniversityexposedmicetonormallightanddarkcyclesforfourweeks.Forthenextfourweeks，halfofthemiceremainedonthisschedule，andtherestreceivedcontinuousdimlightthroughouttheirnight.Comparedwithmiceexposedtonormalnighttimedarkness，thosegettingdimlightatnightlosttheirstrongpreferenceforsweetdrinks.“Asigntheynolongergetpleasureoutofactivitiestheyonceenjoyed，”Bedrosiansays.Inasecondtest，micewereclockedonhowlongtheyactivelytriedtoescapeapoolofwater.Thoseexposedtonightlightsstoppedstrugglingandjustfloatedinthewater，asignof“behavioraldespair”，10timesaslongasthemicethathadexperiencednormalnighttimedarkness.Allsymptomsofdepressiondisappearedwithintwoweeksofthemicereturningtoanormallight—darkcycle，theresearchersreport.Thescientistsalsocouldquashthebehavioralsymptomsbyinjectingthebrainsofanimalswithadrugthatprohibitstheactivityofcertainmoleculeslinkedwithhumandepression.Thisfindingfurthersuggeststhatlightatnightmaycausesomethingrelatedtodepression.Humanstudieslinkingnighttimelightandmooddisordersareimportantbutcan’teasilydetectmolecularunderpinings(分子基础)asanimalstudiescan，saysGeorgeBrainardofThomasJeffersonUniversity.Thenewwork，hesays，suggeststhatthechangeofthebiologicalclockbylightatnightcanbeanextremelypowerfulforceinregulatingbiologyandbehavior.【语篇解读】本文是说明文。文章主要讲的是一项新的研究发现，至少在动物身上，夜间长期暴露在光线下会导致抑郁。5.Afterbeingexposedtocontinuousnighttimelight，themice.A.changedtheirpreferencesB.escapedfromthewatermoreeagerlyC.remainedactiveasbeforeD.showedlessinterestintheirfavorites答案D[细节理解题。根据第二段的“Comparedwithmiceexposed...Bedrosiansays.”可知，在连续暴露在夜间灯光下后，这些老鼠对它们最喜欢的食物表现出了更少的兴趣。]6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“quash”inPara.3probablymean?A.study B.predictC.ease D.cause答案C[词义猜测题。根据第三段的“byinjectingthebrains...withhumandepression”可知，注射这种药物可以减少行为上的一些症状，因此画线词quash的意思是“减轻”，即ease。]7.Wecanlearnfromthelastparagraphthat.A.lightatnightmayhavepracticaleffectsonpeopleB.thebiologicalclockisbeneficialtohumansC.humanmooddisorderscannotbehealedeasilyD.humanstudiesaremoreimportantthananimalstudies答案A[推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Thenewwork，hesays...regulatingbiologyandbehavior.”可知，夜晚的灯光可能对人有实际的影响。]8.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Nighttimelightmayfosterdepression.B.Adrughasbeenfoundtocuremooddisorders.C.Thestudyonanimalscanbeappliedtohumans.D.Humanbiologicalclockcanbecontrolledbylight.答案A[文章大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的“Long-lastingexposuretolightatnightbringsdepression，anewstudyfinds，atleastinanimals.”可知，本文主要讲的是一项新的研究发现，至少在动物身上，夜间长期暴露在光线下会导致抑郁，因此A选项符合题意。](2023·江苏七市第三次调研)WinemakerJustinJarrettrememberswhenthegrapeharvestusedtostart.HeandhiswifePip，usedtotaketheirkidsonanannualbeachholidayinFebruary.Whentheyreturnedtotheirvineyards(葡萄园)intheregionalNewSouthWalescityofOrange，Australia，inearlyautumn，they’dstarttheharvest.Today，harveststartssixweeksearlierinJanuary.“Whatwedid20yearsagocan’tworktoday，”Jarrettsays.“Youhavetoadjust.”Scientistsusedtohavebigdebatesabouthowtotalktofarmersaboutclimatechange，saysSnowBarlow，aprofessorspecialisinginviticultureatthe