第三节　情态动词和虚拟语气

第三节情态动词和虚拟语气

考点一情态动词

1.情态动词的类型

2.情态动词的基本用法

3.情态动词的特殊用法

(1)can/could的否定式与比较级连用表示最高级。

(2)can/could的否定式与enough或too(much)连用表示“再……也不为过”。

(3)must可表示“偏要,硬要”,常用于疑问句或条件状语从句中。

(4)may/mightaswell表示“最好;不妨”。

(5)would可表示过去的习惯,与usedto相比,前者常表示过去反复的动作,后者常表示过去的状态或

习惯现在已不复存在。

(6)should有时表示说话人对某事感到意外、惊奇,意为“竟然会”。

考点二虚拟语气

1.if条件句中的虚拟语气

类型从句中谓语动词形式主句中谓语动词形式

动词的过去式(be的过去式

与现在事实相反should/would/could/might+动词原形

用were)

与过去事实相反had+过去分词should/would/could/might+have+过去分词

should/wereto+动词原形;动

与将来事实相反should/would/could/might+动词原形

词的过去式

IamsorryIamverybusyrightnow.IfIhadtime,Iwouldcertainlygotothemovieswithyou.我很抱歉

我现在很忙。如果有时间,我肯定陪你去看电影了。

Ifwehadn’tmadeadequatepreparations,theconferencewouldn’thavebeensosuccessful.如果我们不做

充分的准备,会议是不会开得这么成功的。

Ifitrainedtomorrow,wewouldcancelthepicnic.

如果明天下雨,我们会取消野餐。

2.名词性从句中的虚拟语气

(1)在“Itis+important/necessary/natural/strange/

essential/vital/apity+that...”句型中,从句的谓语动词用“(should+)动词原形”。

It’svitalthatwe(should)takeoursafetydrivingalongtheroadseriously.

重视道路安全驾驶是至关重要的。

(2)句中含有以下单词或其变形时,该句中的名词性从句(宾语从句、表语从句、主语从句、同位语

从句)部分常用虚拟语气,其谓语动词形式为“should+动词原形”,其中should可以省略。

Irecommendthateveryone(should)buy(buy)thisdictionary.

我建议每人都买这本词典。

Thedemandisthatmanuscripts(should)bewritten(write)ononesideonly.

按照要求,手稿单面誊写。

3.3个特定句式中的虚拟语气

句型结构过去虚拟现在虚拟将来虚拟

ifonly引导的条件句及过去式(be动词一would/could/should/might+

had+过去分词

感叹句般用were)动词原形

asif/though引导的表语过去式(be动词一would/could/should/might+

had+过去分词

从句及方式状语从句般用were)动词原形

从句中谓语动词用过去式或“should+动词原形”(should不能省

Itis(high)time(that)...

略)

IfonlyIhadseen(see)thefilm.

要是我看过那部电影就好了。

Itishightimethatwestarted/shouldstart(start)out.我们该出发了。

Hetalksaboutpyramidsasthoughhehadseen(see)themhimself.

他谈起金字塔来,就好像亲眼见过似的。

含蓄虚拟条件句

1.有时假设的情况不用条件句表达,而是用butfor、without等介词(短语)来表示。

Withoutyourhelp,Iwouldhavefailedtheexamlastweek.

没有你的帮助,我上周的考试就失败了。

2.用连词otherwise、or等暗示后文与前面的情况相反,从而引出后文的虚拟语气。

I’mreallyverybusy,otherwiseIwouldcertainlygotherewithyou.

我真的是太忙了,不然我就会同你一道去了。

Ⅰ.用情态动词或括号内动词的适当形式填空

1.Everylanguageisworthyofrespectandshouldbetreatedequally.(2025·八省联考)

2.TheAsianWinterGamesshouldbeused(use)asalinktopromotecooperationandcommon

developmentamongAsiancountries.(2025·山东实验中学高三三模)

3.Theyintroduced“multi-levelvillas”whereanimalsbelongingtothesameecologicalzonebutnot

occupyingthebaseofthefoodchaincanbehoused(house)together,basedontheirecologicaland

geographicaldistribution.(2025·济宁高三二模)

4.Shedidnotknowwhatpursuingdancewouldbringher,butonlytookonthechallengewithherfull

passionandlovefordance.

5.Maybelatertheydon’twantitandmaynevercomebacktotheshop.

6.Theincomewouldbeshared(share)betweentheplatform,Wangandthequestionraiser.

7.Typically,thesealsarecarvedintostone,buttheycanalsobemade(make)ofwood,bamboo,orbone.

8.Butheaddedthatevenminorgeneticchangesmay/mighthaveseriousconsequences.

9.Healsotookmanyothermeasures,hopingthatsuchattemptswouldstopdestroyingtheenvironment.

10.IfIhadn’ttakenyouradvice,Iwouldnotmanage(notmanage)tocarryouttheprojectnow.

Ⅱ.语法与写作

1.Itwasthisuniqueexperiencethatmademeunderstandwhateverdifficultywearefacedwith,we

mustn’tgiveupourhope.

正是这种独特的经历使我理解了无论我们面临什么困难,我们都不能放弃我们的希望。

2.Everytimewementionedthefunnyincidentsofthejourney,apleasantsmilewouldspreadoverMom’s

face.

每次我们提到旅途中的趣事时,妈妈的脸上都会露出愉快的笑容。

3.Throughalltheseunexpectedthings,iteventuallydawnedonherthathonestyhasnoclassandshe

shouldrespecteveryoneregardlessoftheirfinancialandsocialstatus.

通过这些意想不到的事情,她终于明白了诚实是没有等级的,她应该尊重每个人,不管他们的经济状

况和社会地位如何。

4.Idemandeitheranewpairofblacksize9shoesbesenttomeimmediatelyorIshouldbegivenafull

refund.

我要求要么立即给我寄送一双新的黑色9号鞋,要么给我全额退款。

5.Withoutyourselflessdevotion,wecouldn’thavemadesuchgreatprogress.

没有您无私的奉献,我们不可能取得这么大的进步。

Ⅲ.语篇提能练

Rainorshine,Tomisalwaysthefirsttoarriveattheoffice.Hishome1.mustbeverynearthe

office,orhe2.can’tbealwaysintimeforwork.HowIwishthatI3.lived(live)closetowork,sothatI

4.neednotgetupsoearlyeveryday.Yesterday,forexample,I5.wouldhavearrived(arrive)intimefor

workasusualifIhadn’tbeencaughtinatrafficjam.ThebosswassoangrywithmethathedemandedI

6.shouldarriveatworkearlyenoughlateron,sayingthatshouldIbecaughtbeinglateagain,he7.would

punish(punish)me.

I8.muststopdoingeverythingandgotobednow.Anyhow,it’stimethatI9.went/shouldgo(go)to

sleep,andIhopeI10.canarriveatworkontimetomorrow.Itwillbebadtobecaughtarrivinglateagain.

层级一模拟达标练

1.Combiningpiecesofwoodtogether,using(use)nothingmorethanthewooditself,isabasicskillofall

carpenters(木匠)inancientChina.(2025·苏锡常镇四市高三二模)

2.Onafour-daytriptoDunhuanginlateApril,Santoso,togetherwithotherforeignstudents,mostlyfrom

nationsalongtheSilkRoad,was(be)onaculturaljourneytoexplorethedesertlandscape.(2025·湖北

部分学校高三三模)

3.Overtheyears,thearchitecthashelped(help)renovatearound20householdsinMutianyu.(2025·湖北

七市州教科研协作体高三二模)

4.Thebronze(青铜)exhibitsfromtheXia,ShangandZhoudynastiesdisplayed(display)insidethe

NMC’sAncientChinaexhibitionhalloftenleadvisitorstobeimpressed(impress)byancientChinese

civilization.(2025·苏锡常镇四市高三二模)

5.Nowadays,theChinesepaintinghasbecomeincreasinglyattractiveacrosstheworld,enjoying(enjoy)

greatpopularityathomeandabroad.(2025·泰州高三二模)

6.Theyoungmansaidhewastaught(teach)alittlebitabouttheSilkRoadinhismiddleschoolhistory

class.(2025·湖北部分学校高三三模)

7.Dehuawhiteporcelainhassold(sell)likehotcakesathomeandabroadsincetheSongDynasty(960-

1279).(2025·怀化高三三模)

8.However,theseriesneverintendstopursue(pursue)afaithfulrecreationoftheTang

Dynasty.(2025·大连高三二模)

9.WhilewanderingaroundaSwedishChristmasmarket,you’lllikelycomeacrossboothsselling(sell)

carvedwoodenhorses.(2025·辽宁高三三模)

10.TraditionalBeijinginstantboiledmuttonhasnomouthwateringhotpotsoupbase,justplainwaterwith

somescallionandginger(葱和姜)slicesadded(add).(2025·山东部分学校高三4月联合调考)

层级二高考真题练

1.Further,theSilkRouteGardenaroundthegreenhousewalks(walk)visitorsthroughajourneyinfluenced

bytheancientSilkRoad.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)

2.TangandShakespearewerecontemporariesandbothdied(die)in1616.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)

3.Overthelasttwoyears,somesupermarketshavestarted(start)sellingchickenorsalad.(2024·浙江1月

卷)

4.Thesesepalsopenonwarmdaystogive(give)theinsideplantssunshineandfreshair.(2024·新课标

Ⅰ卷)

5.VisitorswalkingthroughtheBirthplaceGardenwereoftenamazedtofind(find)theconnectionbetween

thetwogreatwriters.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)

6.Whatshouldbedone(do)withsuchabeautifulplace?(2024·全国甲卷)

7.Justthen,somekidsranathim,knocking(knock)hisbooksoutofhisarms.(2024·北京卷)

8.Astatuecommemorating(commemorate)ShakespeareandTangwasputupatShakespeare’sBirthplace

Gardenin2017.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)

9.Thegardenalsocontainsawindingpaththatguides(guide)visitorsthroughthetwelveregionsofthe

SilkRoad.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)

10.Althoughparksofallsizesandtypesexistatanylevel,thenationalparks,inparticular,tendtocatch

(catch)ourattentionbecauseoftheirlargesizeandvariety.(2024·全国甲卷)

层级三语篇提能练

1.(locate)inthenorthwestofHunanProvince,Zhangjiajie,2.

(cover)atotalareaof9,563squarekilometers,isatouristcityforitsuniquenaturalsceneryandabundant

tourismresources.Zhangjiajie3.(award)thetitleof“WorldGeologicalPark”in2004.

Actually,Zhangjiajie,4.(honor)as“themostfantasticmountainunderheaven”and“a

walkingChineselandscapepainting”,isalsowidelypraisedas“anenlargedpottedlandscaping”“amini

fairyland”and“amaze(迷宫)ofnature”,5.

(attract)agrowingnumberoftouristsathomeandabroad.

Sinceitwasdiscoveredinthe1980s,tourismindustry6.(become)theleadingindustry

inZhangjiajie,whichhasstimulatedthedevelopmentofotherindustries7.(relate)to

tourism.Atthesametime,eco-tourism8.(develop)rapidlyinZhangjiajie.Whenyou

cometoZhangjiajie,youcanfullyappreciateitsmagnificentnaturalsceneryandexperienceappealing

folkcustomaswellasotherthrillingtouristactivities,andyou9.(impress)bywhatis

performedbytheminoritiesthere.

It10.beanexciting,joyfulandunforgettabletourtoZhangjiajie.

答案1.Located[考查非谓语动词。分析可知,此处为非谓语作状语,locate与其逻辑主语

Zhangjiajie为动宾关系,故用过去分词。]

2.covering[考查非谓语动词。分析可知,此处为分词作定语,cover与其所修饰的词Zhangjiajie为

主谓关系,故用动词-ing形式作定语。]

3.wasawarded[考查时态语态和主谓一致。根据时间状语in2004,可