Unit 4 Our Memory Section A 知识清单新教材人教版九年级英语上册

1/11Unit4OurMemorySectionAWhatdoweremember？知识点一、单元词汇单词SectionA1.n.位置，地方v.放置，使处于2.n.悲伤3.v.作出反应，回应4.n.链条5.adj.稳定的，稳固的6.n.讲座，讲课7.n.复述8.v.记住，记忆9.n.对号，勾号v.给打对号10.n.孙子，外孙11.n.情况，事实12.n.歌剧，歌剧团13.n.入场券，票14.n.钱包15.n.野餐16.v.原谅interj.请再说一遍，抱歉17.n.机场18.n.枪声，（射出的）炮弹19.adj.成年的20.v.回忆起，会想起21.n.葡萄藤，葡萄树短语SectionA1.用尽，耗尽2.做一个草莓蛋糕3.建议某人做某事4.带作业到学校5.听讲座，参加讲座6.依照某人看来7.混淆，弄乱8.骑自行车9.有效地使用或利用某物10.注意，关注，留心11.要点，主要内容12.很好地复述一个故事13.准确地记住规则14.训练你的记忆力15.减轻压力，缓解压力16.保持自信17.经历，仔细查看18.发生于，使遭遇19.曾经，过去20.替代，而不是21.记在心中，记住22.就某人的情况而言23.邀请某人去野餐24.让某人想起25.提醒/警告某人某个事情二、单元重点、难点、考点精讲SectionA【考点1】position【解析】作名词，绝大数情况下为可数名词。表示抽象的社会地位、高位、身份时，是不可数名词。位置；方位Couldyoutellmethepositionofthenearestbusstop?能告诉我最近的公交站点吗？职位；职务ShehasappliedforthepositionofEnglishteacherinourschool.她申请了我们学校英语老师的职位。常与applyfor(申请)、get(获得)、takeup(担任)、offer(提供)等动词搭配处境；状况inadifficult/awkwardposition意为"处于困境中"Hewasinadifficultpositionwhenhelosthisjob.失业后，他处境困难。作动词，过去式/过去分词：positioned，动词第三人称单数：positions，现在分词：positioning放置；安置Shepositionedtheglasscarefullyontheshelfsothatitwouldn’tfall.她把玻璃杯小心地放在架子上，以免掉下来。使处于（某种地位/立场）Thissuccesspositionedhimasthebestplayerintheteam.这次成功让他稳居队内最佳选手的地位。固定搭配：inposition在正确的位置；就位outofposition不在正确的位置；错位takeupaposition担任某个职位changeone'sposition改变某人的立场/位置【考点2】MumremindsPeteraboutbuyingbysaying,”it’srunningout”.【解析】1.remind的用法:动词，第三人称单数：reminds现在分词：reminding，过去式/过去分词：reminded单词变形：名词：reminder（提醒物；提示）核心含义：提醒；使记起remindsb.todosth.提醒某人做某事PleaseremindmetotakemyumbrellabeforeIleave.提醒我离开前带伞。使想起；使回忆起remindsb.ofsb./sth.使某人想起Theoldphotoremindsmeofmyhappychildhood.这些老照片让我想起我的童年。remindsb.+that从句提醒某人……that引导宾语从句（that常可省略）Myteacheroftenremindsme(that)IshouldpracticespokenEnglisheveryday.我的老师经常提醒我，应该每天练习英语口语。2.runout的用法：用完；耗尽（指时间、金钱、食物、能源、耐心等资源消耗完毕）短语词性主语要求能否接宾语被动语态例句runout不及物动词短语只能是被耗尽的事物（time,money,food,water,battery等）不能接没有被动语态Mymobilephonebatteryhasrunout.我的手机电池没电了。runoutof及物动词短语只能是人（I,we,he,they等）必须接被耗尽的事物作宾语有被动语态Ihaverunoutofmypocketmoney.我的零花钱花光了。【考点3】HowdidFuXingreactwhenBillysaidsorrytoher？【解析】react的用法：动词，第三人称单数：reacts，现在分词：reacting，过去式/过去分词：reacted(1)不及物动词，不能直接接宾语，加介词toreactto对……作出反应；回应Howdidyourparentsreacttoyourfinalexamresults?对于期末成绩，你的父母有何反应？Shedidn'treactatallwhenIcalledhername.我叫她名字，她没回应。reactbydoingsth通过做某事来回应Hereactedbyrunningawaywhenhesawthedog.他一看到那只狗，转身就跑了/他的反应是拔腿就跑。(2)与化学物质发生反应reactwith与...发生反应Hydrogenreactswithoxygentoformwater.氢气与氧气反应生成水。单词变形：名词：reaction（反应；回应）Whatwashisreactionwhenyoutoldhimthenews?你告诉他这个消息时，他是什么反应？形容词：reactive（反应的；易起反应的）Don'tbesoreactive—thinkbeforeyoureply.别那么冲，先想清楚再回话。【考点4】Doyouhaveanymemoryproblems？【解析】memory的用法：作名词(n.)(1).记忆力；记性（能力），此时不可数名词。前面有形容词修饰，描述记忆力的好坏时，常用作可数名词（常用单数）常与形容词good/bad/poor/strong/weak搭配。固定结构：haveagood/bad/poormemoryHehasaverygoodmemoryforEnglishwords.他记英语单词的记忆力非常好。Ihaveabadmemoryandoftenleavemykeysathome.我记性很差，经常把钥匙落在家里。(2).回忆；记忆，表示多个具体回忆时用复数形式memoriesTheoldsongbringsbackmanyhappymemoriesofmychildhood.Thistripwillbeoneofmymostunforgettablememories.(3).存储器；内存Thiscomputerhas8GBofmemory.这台计算机8G内存。单词变形：动词：memorize（记住；熟记）Ineedtomemorize30newwordsfortomorrow'stest.我得背下30个新单词应付明天的测验。形容词：memorable（难忘的；值得纪念的）Itwasamemorablemomentwhenshewontheprize.她获奖那一刻很值得纪念。常见搭配：搭配中文意思中考例句inmemoryof为了纪念……Theysetupastatueinmemoryofthefamousscientist.bringbackmemories唤起回忆Thesmellofthebreadbringsbackmygrandma'skitchenmemories.loseone'smemory失忆Themanlosthismemoryafterthecaraccident.memoryforsth.对某事的记忆力Mysisterhasanamazingmemoryfortelephonenumbers.【考点5】Whydowegetsomewordsmixedup?mixup混淆；弄乱【解析】mixup的用法：“动词+副词”结构。宾语是名词时，可放在mix和up中间，也可放在mixup后；宾语是代词时，必须放在mix和up中间。getsthmixedup把……弄混/搞乱Ialwaysmixupthetwowords.我总是把这两个单词弄混。Don'tmixthemup.别把它们弄混了。Don'tgettheirnamesmixedup.别把他们的名字弄混了。【考点6】Payattentiontodetails.【解析】payattentionto的用法：注意，关注pay：动词，过去式/过去分词为paidattention：不可数名词，意为“注意力；关注”，没有复数形式to：介词，不是不定式符号Youshouldpayattentiontothetrafficlightswhencrossingtheroad.过马路时你应该注意交通信号灯。核心用法:（1）后接名词/代词to作为介词，后面可直接跟名词、代词宾格，构成介宾结构。Wemustpayattentiontoourhandwritingintheexam.考试中我们必须注意自己的书写。Thisisthekeypoint.Pleasepayattentiontoit.这是关键点，请留意它。（2）后接动名词（doing）——最高频考点因为to是介词，介词后接动词时，动词必须变为动名词（doing）形式，不能加动词原形。Youshouldpayattentiontolisteningtotheteachercarefullyinclass.课堂上你应该注意认真听讲。Whenyouvisitaforeigncountry,payattentiontofollowinglocalcustoms.常见搭配:paymoreattentionto更加注意；多加关注Weshouldpaymoreattentiontoprotectingtheenvironment.我们应该更加重视环境保护。paynoattentionto不在意；不理会Hepaidnoattentiontomyadviceandmadethesamemistakeagain.他不听我的建议，又犯了同样的错误。paycloseattentionto密切关注Theteacherpayscloseattentiontoeverystudent’sprogress.老师密切关注着每位学生的进步。paylittleattentionto几乎不关注Hepayslittleattentiontohisownhealth.他不太在意自己的健康。【考点7】Tickwhatworksforyouandaddmore.【解析】tick的用法：(1)作动词,动词变形：过去式/过去分词ticked（规则变化，直接加-ed）；现在分词ticking•动词用法及物动词在……上打钩（√）；勾选Tickthecorrectansweronyouranswersheet.在你的答题卡上勾选正确答案。Pleaseticktheboxesifyouagreewiththestatements.如果你同意这些说法，请在方框里打钩。不及物动词（钟表、计时器等）发出滴答声，用来描述钟表、计时器走动的声响。Theoldclocktickedallnightlong.这个旧钟滴答响了一整夜。Icouldheartheclocktickinginthesilentclassroom.安静的教室里，我能听见钟表的滴答声。常考短语：tickoff（在清单上）打钩标出，等同于tickTickoffthenamesonthelistwhenyoucallthem.你点名的时候，把名单上的名字打钩标出来。(2)作名词（可数名词）钩号，对号（√）搭配putaticknextto...。Putaticknexttotheactivitiesyoulike.在你喜欢的活动旁边打个对号。Theteacherputatickonmyhomework.老师在我的作业上打了个对勾。（钟表的）滴答声•Thetickoftheclockmadehimfeelnervousintheexam.考试时，钟表的滴答声让他感到紧张。【考点8】Andshetoldmenottoeatthecookiesbecauseshewassavingthemfortheirgrandson.【解析】1.tellsb（not）todosth.告诉某人（不）做某事Theteachertoldustofinish​thehomeworkbeforeFriday.老师让我们周五前完成作业。Thesigntellsvisitorsnottofeedtheanimals.牌子告诉游客不要喂动物。2.save的用法：作动词，第三人称单数：saves，现在分词：saving，过去式/过去分词：saved名词形式：saving（节省；存款，常用复数savings表示"积蓄"）拯救；挽救；救助考点：常与life,animal,people等名词搭配Thedoctorsavedtheoldman'slifeintime.医生及时救了老人的性命。Weshouldtryourbesttosaveendangeredanimals.我们应该尽力拯救濒危动物。节省；节约考点：可接time,money,energy,water等表示资源的名词Ridingbikestoschoolcansaveusalotoftime.骑自行去学校可节省大量时间。Wemustsavewaterbecauseitisveryimportant.我们必须节约用水，因为水很重要储蓄；攒钱考点：常与for搭配，表示"为……攒钱"Sheissavingmoneyforanewbicycle.她正在为买新自行车攒钱。Myparentssavesomemoneyeverymonthformyeducation.我父母每个月为我的教育攒钱。保存；保留；储存Pleasesavethedocumentbeforeyouturnoffthecomputer.在关电脑前请保存文件。Wecansavefoodinthefridgetokeepitfresh.我们可以把食物放在冰箱保鲜。常见搭配：搭配中文意思中考例句saveone'slife救某人的命Thebravepolicemansavedtheboy'slifefromtheriver.savemoney/time省钱/节省时间Takingthesubwaycansavemoretimethantakingthebus.savesth.forsb./sth.为某人/某事保留某物Isavedapieceofcakeforyou.savesb.from(doing)sth.把某人从……中解救出来Hesavedthechildfromfallingoffthetree.saveup攒钱；积蓄Theyaresavingupforanewhouse.【考点9】Idon'tunderstandwhatshe'sgoingthrough.【解析】gothrough的用法:经历；经受（困难、痛苦、挫折等）用法：后接表示艰难、不愉快的事物，，侧重“熬过、亲历某段不好的过程”。Hewentthroughahardtimewhenhefailedhismathexamlastterm.上学期数学考试失利时，他度过了一段艰难的日子。Noonecanmakeprogresseasilywithoutgoingthroughdifficulties.没有人能不经历困难就轻易取得进步。浏览；翻阅（笔记、书籍、文件等）用法：侧重通读、快速过一遍内容.You’dbettergothroughyourEnglishgrammarnotesbeforethefinaltest.期末考试前你最好过一遍英语语法笔记。Shewentthroughthemagazinequicklyandfoundnothinginteresting.她快速翻了翻杂志，没发现什么有意思的内容。仔细检查；核查用法：侧重认真核对细节，确保内容没有错误或遗漏。Theteacherwillgothroughourhomeworkcarefullyafterclass.老师课后会仔细检查我们的作业。Pleasegothroughyourpaperagaintoavoidcarelessmistakes.请再检查一遍试卷，避免粗心的错误。穿过；通过（空间、区域）用法：强调从物体/区域的内部穿过，可与goacross区分（across侧重从平面表面横穿）。Aquietrivergoesthroughthesmallvillageatthefootofthemountain.一条安静的小河穿过山脚下的小村庄。Youhavetogothroughthistunneltoreachtheancienttown.你得穿过这条隧道才能到达古镇。【考点10】Ithappenedtomygrandpa，too.【解析】happen的用法：(1)发生，指（事件、事故等）发生，主语只能是事物（事件、事故、情况等），不能是人。基础结构：sth+happen+时间/地点状语Asmallfirehappenedinthelabyesterday,butnoonegothurt.昨天实验室发生了一起小火情，但没有人受伤。sth.happentosb./sth.某人/某物出了某事（常指不好的状况）to是介词，后接宾语。Whathappenedtoyou?Youlookworried.你怎么了？你看起来很焦虑。Somethinghappenedtomycomputer,soIcouldn’tfinishmyhomework.我的电脑出了点问题，所以我没法完成作业。(2)碰巧；恰好,侧重事情的偶然性、巧合性，主语是人。核心句型：sb.happentodosth.某人碰巧做某事例句：IhappenedtomeetmyheadteacherwhenIwaswalkinghome.我走路回家的时候，碰巧遇到了班主任。Shehappenedtoknowtheanswertothequestion.她恰好知道这个问题的答案。Ithappensthat+从句恰好IthappenedthatIwasnotathomewhenhevisitedme.他来拜访我的时候，我恰好不在家。注意：（1）被动语态：happen是不及物动词，后面不能直接接宾语，因此没有被动形式。❌错误：Theaccidentwashappenedonarainynight.✅正确：Theaccidenthappenedonarainynight.happenVStakeplace两者都表示“发生”，且都没有被动语态，核心区别在于事件的性质：词汇用法侧重常见主语例句happen强调偶然、意外、无计划地发生事故、灾害、突发状况Aheavyrainhappenedonourwaytothemountain.takeplace强调有计划、有安排地举行/发生会议、节日、比赛、变化TheschoolsportsmeetingwilltakeplacenextFriday.完成时态易错点happen是短暂性动词，动作不能持续，因此不能与for+时间段连用。❌错误：Thethinghashappenedfortwoweeks.✅正确：Thethinghappenedtwoweeksago.✅正确：Ithasbeentwoweekssincethethinghappened.【考点11】Butnowheforgetshowtoreachthepark.【解析】“疑问词+动词不定式（todo）”本质是一个名词性短语，在句中可充当宾语、主语、表语等成分。基本构成：可用于该结构的疑问词分为两类疑问代词：what,which,who,whose疑问副词：when,where,how疑问代词（what/which/whose）后可接名词，再加不定式：例：whichbooktobuy买哪本书；whatclothestowear穿什么衣服作宾语时，该结构最常放在及物动词或介词后面作宾语，作及物动词的宾语认知类：know,learn,findout（知道、了解、查明）Weneedtofindouthowtogettothemuseum.我们需要查明怎么去博物馆。决策类：decide,choose（决定、选择）Shecan’tdecidewhichskirttobuyfortheparty.她没法决定聚会买哪条裙子。告知/询问类：ask,tell,show,teach（询问、告诉、展示）TheteachertaughtushowtowriteagoodEnglishcomposition.老师教了我们怎么写好英语作文。记忆/思考类：forget,remember,wonder（忘记、记得、想知道）Iforgotwhentohandinourhomework.我忘了什么时候交作业。作介词的宾语常放在worryabout,talkabout,thinkabout等“动词+介词”短语后：Wearetalkingaboutwheretogoforthesummerholiday.我们在讨论暑假去哪里。高频易错点：（1)whattodoVShowtodoitwhattodo：what本身是do的逻辑宾语，后面绝对不能再加it✅Idon’tknowwhattodonext.❌Idon’tknowwhattodoitnext.howtodoithow是方式状语，do是及物动词，后面必须加宾语it/them✅Couldyoutellmehowtodoit?❌Couldyoutellmehowtodo?(2)作句子成份时：作主语：通常视为单数例：Whattodonextisstillaproblem.接下来做什么还是个问题。作表语：放在系动词be之后例：Thequestioniswheretohavetheclassmeeting.问题是在哪里开班会。【考点12】Insteadofwhatheforgets，Ikeepinmindwhatheremembers【解析】1.instead核心含义及基础用法：代替；反而；相反（表示用前者替代后者，或引出与前文相反的情况）核心考点：单独使用，不能接宾语；通常放在句首（加逗号）或句末（不加逗号）句首例句：Shedidn'tgotothecinema.Instead,shestayedathomeandreadabook.句末例句：Idon'tlikecoffee.CanIhaveteainstead?instead与insteadof单词/短语词性能否接宾语位置后接成分例句instead副词❌绝对不能句首（加逗号）/句末无Hewasbusy,soIwentinstead.insteadof介词短语✅必须接句中名词/代词宾格/动名词(doing)Iwillgoinsteadofyou./ShelikesreadinginsteadofwatchingTV.2.keep...inmind牢记……；把……记在心里Wemustkeepsafetyrulesinmindwhenwegoout.=Wemustkeepinmindsafetyruleswhenwegoout.我们出门时必须牢记安全规则。Thisisthekeygrammarpoint.Pleasekeepitinmind.【考点13】Inyourcase，yourgrandmastillremembersthatyoulovescookies.【解析】case的用法：名词（n.），复数形式为cases（规则变化，直接加-s）情况；情形；事例泛指某件具体的事情、状况或实例。Inmostcases,themoreyoupractice,thebetteryourspokenEnglishwillbe.在大多数情况下，你练习得越多，英语口语就会越好。Ifthatisthecase,wewillhavetochangeourplan.如果情况属实，我们就得改变计划。箱；盒；套指用来装东西的容器。Thereisarulerandthreepensinmypencilcase.我的铅笔盒里有一把尺子和三支钢笔。Momboughtacaseofmilkforthewholefamily.妈妈给全家买了一箱牛奶。（疾病的）病例；案例多用于描述疾病、问题的具体实例Therewereafewcasesofcoldinourclasslastweek.上周我们班有几例感冒。固定短语：inthis/thatcase既然这样/那样的话；如果这样/那样I’mafraidIcan’tgotothecinemawithyoutonight.恐怕我今晚不能和你去看电影了。—Inthatcase,I’llaskTomtogowithme.那样的话，我就叫汤姆和我一起去。incase+完整句子。以防；万一用法：引导目的/条件状语从句，从句常用一般现在时表示将来含义，Takeanumbrellawithyouincaseitrainsthisafternoon.带把伞吧，以防今天下午下雨。You’dbettertakenotesinclassincaseyouforgetthekeyknowledge.你上课最好记笔记，免得忘记重点知识。incaseof+名词/代词/动名词假如；万一用法：介词短语，后只能接名词性成分，不能接完整句子，和incase的区分是高频易错题。Incaseofdanger,staycalmandaskforhelpintime.万一遇到危险，保持冷静并及时求助。Weshouldkeepthefirst-aidboxnearbyincaseofaccidents.我们应该把急救箱放在附近，以备意外。inanycase无论如何；不管怎样Inanycase,youmustarriveatschoolbefore7:30.无论如何，你必须在七点半前到校。inmostcases在大多数情况下Inmostcases,it’simpolitetoaskothers’personalquestions.在大多数情况下，询问别人的私人问题是不礼貌的。【考点14】Pardonme，wherecanIgetabustotheairport？【解析】pardon的用法：（1）作动词，过去式/过去分词pardoned核心词义：原谅；宽恕；（礼貌请求）再说一遍原谅；宽恕（小过错、失礼行为），原谅他人的疏忽、轻微冒犯，语气比forgive轻。固定搭配：pardonsb.for(doing)sth.原谅某人（做了）某事Pleasepardonmeforbeinglate.请原谅我迟到了。Shepardonedherdeskmateforbreakingherpen.她原谅了同桌弄坏她钢笔的事。赦免（法律层面）指官方免除罪行、刑罚，Thekingpardonedtheprisoner.国王赦免了这名囚犯。（2）作名词：原谅；宽恕（抽象含义，不可数名词）常见搭配：begone'spardon请求某人的原谅askforpardon请求宽恕Hewenttohisteachertobegherpardonforhisrudeness.他走到老师面前，为自己的无礼请求原谅。赦免令；赦免（可数名词）高频考点：口语交际句型这是听力、情景对话题的必考点，pardon在日常对话中最常用的功能是礼貌请求对方重复没听清的话。Pardon?/Begyourpardon?/Ibegyourpardon?含义：请再说一遍好吗？场景：没听清、没听懂对方的话，礼貌地请求重复，对长辈、老师、陌生人使用，语气正式且礼貌。•语调：读升调—Couldyoutellmethehomeworktoday?—Pardon?Ididn'thearyouclearly.—你能告诉我今天的作业吗？—能再说一遍吗？我没听清。Ibegyourpardon.含义：对不起；请原谅。场景：不小心冒犯、打扰到别人时，用来道歉，语气比sorry更正式。语调：读降调例句：Ibegyourpardon.Ididn'tmeantoknockintoyou.对不起，我不是故意撞到你的。Pardonme.含义：打扰一下；劳驾；对不起。场景：相当于excuseme，用来引起注意、借过、打断别人或轻微道歉。例句：Pardonme.Couldyoutellmethewaytothenearestbusstop?打扰一下，你能告诉我去最近的公交站怎么走？【考点15】Manyyearslater,thegrown-upfoxreturnedhome.【解析】grown-up的用法：（1）作形容词，成年的；成熟的；长大成人的Hehasagrown-upson.他有一个已成年的儿子。Thestudentsshowedgrown-upcouragewhenfacingdifficulties.学生们在面对困难时表现出了成年人般的勇气。(2)作名词，成年人，相当于adult，复数形式为grown-ups.Everygrown-upshouldsetagoodexampleforchildren.每个成年人都应该为孩子们树立好榜样。【考点16】Hefeltsadwhenherecalledwhathappened.【解析】recall的用法：(1)作动词，过去式/过去分词recalled，现在分词recallingrecallsth./sb.回忆起某事/某人,直接接名词/代词作宾语，指回想出具体的人、事、细节等。Ican’trecallhisnamerightnow.我一时想不起他的名字了。Shestillrecallsthehappydaysinthecountrysideclearly.她依然清晰地记得在乡下的快乐时光。recalldoingsth.记得做过某事，后接动名词（doing），表示事情已经发生，现在回想起来。Herecalledseeingthemannearthebankthatnight.他记得那晚在银行附近见过这个男人。、•Idon’trecallmakingsuchapromise.我不记得许下过这样的承诺。补充：可在doing前加逻辑主语（宾格/形容词性物主代词），初中阶段了解即可Irecallhimsayingthathewouldbelate.我记得他说过他会迟到。recall+that/wh-从句回忆说……；回想起来……后接宾语从句，引导词that可省略。Thewitnessrecalled(that)hehadseenaredcarpassingby.证人回忆说，他曾看到一辆红色轿车经过。Canyourecallwhereyouputyourschoolbag?你能想起把书包放在哪里了吗？拓展义项：召回；收回。指官方、公司收回有问题的产品，或召回相关人员。Thecarcompanyrecalledthousandsofcarsbecauseofsafetyproblems.这家汽车公司因安全问题召回了数千辆汽车。(2)作名词，多为不可数名词，表“回忆；回想”，常见固定搭配：beyondrecall记不起；无法挽回Thesceneinmychildhoodisbeyondrecallnow.童年的那番景象我现在已经记不清了。arecallofsth.对……的回忆Herrecalloftheaccidenthelpedthepolicealot.她对事故的回忆帮了警方大忙。拓展：re-是常见的前缀之一，表示“再；重新；重复”。rebuild重建；再造retell重述rewrite重写reuse再使用【考点17】WhenMotherFoxwasonherwayhomewithgrapesinhermouth,sheshoutedouttowarnherbabyofdanger.【解析】1.onone'swayhome基本释义：在某人回家的路上结构：on+形容词性物主代词/名词所有格+way+homeone's：需替换为形容词性物主代词（my,your,his,her,our,their）或名词所有格（Tom's,Lily's），必须与句子主语保持一致。home：此处是地点副词，前面绝对不能加介词to，这是本短语最核心的易错点。正确示例onmywayhome在我回家的路上onhiswayhome在他回家的路上onthechildren'swayhome在孩子们回家的路上核心考点：onone'swayto+名词地点是基础结构，意为“在去某地的路上”；但home/here/there是地点副词，副词前不能加介词to，因此要省略to。对比记忆：✅onmywaytoschool（school是名词，加to）✅onmywayhome（home是副词，不加to）✅onherwaytothelibrary✅onherwaythere常用扩展搭配，后接from+地点表“从某地回家的路上”：onone'swayhomefromschool放学回家的路上onone'swayhomefromwork下班回家的路上Isawalovelycatonmywayhomefromschoolthisafternoon.今天下午我在放学回家的路上看到了一只可爱的小猫。2.warn用法详解：warn意为警告；告诫；提醒；预先警示。及物动词（vt.），可直接接宾语名词形式：warning（警告；警示；预告），可数/不可数过去式/过去分词：warned/warned（规则变化）核心用法：warnsb.(not)todosth.警告/告诫某人（不要）做某事Theteacherwarnedusnottoswiminthedeepriveralone.老师告诫我们不要独自去深河里游泳。Thepolicemanwarnedthedrivertopayattentiontothetrafficlights.警察提醒司机注意交通信号灯。被动语态结构：sb.bewarned(not)todosth.Teenagersarewarnednottostayuptoooften.青少年被告诫不要频繁熬夜。warnsb.ofsth./warnsb.aboutsth.提醒/警示某人注意某事warnsb.ofsth.：侧重预警危险、祸患、不利后果，正式且带有风险警示意味warnsb.aboutsth.：用法更宽泛，可指提醒各类需要留意的事Thesignonthemountainwarnsvisitorsofthefallingrocks.山上的标识警示游客注意落石危险。MydeskmatewarnedmeaboutthemathtestthisFriday.我同桌提醒了我这周五的数学测验。warnsb.against(doing)sth.告诫某人提防/不要做某事Hewarnedmeagainstwalkingthroughtheforestatnight.=Hewarnedmenottowalkthroughtheforestatnight.他告诫我不要在夜间穿行这片森林。Parentsshouldwarnchildrenagainststrangemenonline.家长应该告诫孩子提防网络上的陌生人。warn+that/wh-从句警告说……；提醒说……常结合宾语从句考查，引导词that可省略。Theweatherreportwarned(that)astrongtyphoonwouldcomenextweek.天气预报预警称下周将有强台风来袭。ShewarnedmewhatproblemsImightmeetinthecompetition.她提醒了我比赛中可能遇到的问题。拓展：名词warning的用法可数名词：指具体的“警示语、警告通知、告诫”Thereisaclearwarningonthemachine:"Danger!Keepoff."机器上有清晰的警示：“危险！请勿靠近”。不可数名词：指抽象的“警告、警示”这一行为Hedidn’ttakehisfather’swarningseriouslyandfinallyfailed.他没把父亲的告诫当回事，最终失败了。三单元语法聚焦疑问词引导的宾语从句一、基础概念与引导词1.什么是宾语从句一个完整的句子放在动词/介词后面作宾语，这个句子就叫宾语从句。句子结构拆分：主句（主谓）+引导词+从句（陈述语序）例：Iknowwhathisnameis.主句：Iknow；引导词：what；从句：whathisnameis（作know的宾语）2.常见引导词疑问词引导的宾语从句，引导词就是我们学过的特殊疑问词，分为两类：疑问代词（在从句中可作主语、宾语、定语）：what（什么）、who（谁）、whose（谁的）、which（哪一个）疑问副词（在从句中作状语）：when（何时）、where（何地）、why（为什么）、how（如何）注意：疑问词引导的宾语从句，引导词必须保留，不能省略（和that引导的陈述句宾语从句不同）。二、三大核心规则规则1：从句必须用「陈述语序」特殊疑问句本身是「疑问语序」（助动词/系动词/情态动词放在主语前面），但变成宾语从句后，必须改成陈述语序，结构为：引导词+主语+谓语+其他成分下面分4种常见情况对比讲解：情况1：原句含be动词（am/is/are/was/were）原疑问句：Whereisthelibrary?宾语从句：Pleasetellmewherethelibraryis.✅引导词where+主语thelibrary+谓语is❌错误：Pleasetellmewhereisthelibrary.情况2：原句含情态动词（can/may/should等）原疑问句：HowcanIgettothepark?宾语从句：Idon’tknowhowIcangettothepark.✅引导词how+主语I+谓语canget❌错误：Idon’tknowhowcanIgettothepark.情况3：原句含实义动词，有助动词do/does/did核心要点：变成宾语从句后，必须去掉助动词do/does/did，谓语动词根据时态和主语变回原形/三单/过去式。原疑问句：Whatdoeshestudy?宾语从句：Sheaskswhathestudies.✅去掉does，study变回三单形式studies❌错误：Sheaskswhatdoeshestudy.原疑问句：Whendidyoufinishyourhomework?宾语从句：TheteacheraskedwhenIfinishedmyhomework.✅去掉did，finish变回过去式finished❌错误：TheteacheraskedwhendidIfinishmyhomework.情况4：疑问词本身作主语如果疑问词在原疑问句中就是主语，语序本来就是陈述语序，变成从句时不需要改动。原疑问句：Whobrokethewindow?宾语从句：Nooneknowswhobrokethewindow.（who本身是主语，后面直接接谓语broke，语序不变）规则2：时态要呼应主句的时态会影响从句的时态，遵循3个原则：1.主现从不限主句是一般现在时时，从句可以根据实际情况用任何时态（一般现在、一般过去、一般将来等都可以）。Iknowwherehelives.（从句一般现在时，表常态）Iknowwherehelived3yearsago.（从句一般过去时，表过去的状态）Iknowwherehewillgotomorrow.（从句一般将来时，表未发生的动作）2.主过从必过主句是一般过去时时，从句必须使用对应的过去时态，把原来的时态「往过去推一格」：原时态对应过去时态一般现在时一般过去时一般将来时过去将来时（would+动词原形）现在进行时过去进行时（was/were+doing）Hesaidwherehelived.（原一般现在时→一般过去时）Sheaskedwhenwewouldstart.（原一般将来时→过去将来时）3.真理永一现如果从句描述的是客观真理、自然现象、名言警句，无论主句是什么时态，从句都用一般现在时。Theteachertoldusthattheearthgoesaroundthesun.（地球绕太阳转是客观真理，用goes，不用过去式went）规则3：常接宾语从句的动词后面常接疑问词宾语从句的动词主要有：认知类：know,learn,findout（知道、查明）询问/告知类：ask,tell,show（问、告诉、展示）思考类：wonder,decide,forget,remember（想知道、决定、忘记、记得）Wewanttofindoutwhowonthegame.CanyoutellmehowIcanimprovemyEnglish?三、常考句型转换：与「疑问词+todo」互换转换条件：当从句主语和主句主语一致，且从句含有can/should/will等情态动词时，宾语从句可以简化为「疑问词+todo」结构，意思不变。转换公式：主句+疑问词+主语+can/should+动词原形=主句+疑问词+to+动词原形Idon’tknowwhatIshoulddonext.=Idon’tknowwhattodonext.Shecan’tdecidewhichskirtshewillbuy.=Shecan’tdecidewhichskirttobuy.易错提醒：whattodo本身完整（what作do的宾语）；howtodo后面必须加宾语（如howtodoit）。过关检测一．单项选择1.Idon'tknowhowtoimprovemyspokenEnglish.Couldyougiveme______?Ofcourse.YoucanpracticetalkingwithyourclassmatesinEnglisheveryday.A.aadviceB.someadvicesC.manyadviceD.someadvice2.Thephotoalways______me______thehappydayswespentinthecountryside.​A.reminds;forB.reminds;ofC.remembers;ofD.memorizes;for3.Theteacheralwaystellsustoavoid______thesamecarelessmistakeagaininourexams.A.makeB.tomakeC.makingD.made4.Theteacheralwaystellsustopayattentionto______carefullywhensheisexplainingthegrammarrules.A.listenB.tolistenC.listeningD.listened5.Excuseme,couldyoutellme______?Iwanttoborrowsomebooks.Sure.It'sonthethirdflooroftheteachingbuilding.whereisthelibraryB.wherethelibraryisC.whatisthelibraryD.whatthelibraryis6.Weneed______todesigntheposterforourschoolartfestival.Heorsheshouldbegoodatdrawingandthinkingdifferently.A.someonecreativeB.creativesomeoneC.anyonecreativeD.creativeanyone7.Itrainedheavilyyesterday,sowedidn'tgotothepark.Westayedathomeandreadbooks______.A.insteadB.insteadofC.ratherD.but8.Thepolicemanwarnedthechildren______acrossthestreetwhenthetrafficlightisred.A.tonotrunB.nottorunC.don'trunD.notrun9.You'dbettertakeanumbrellawithyou______itrainsintheafternoon.Theweatherreportsaystherewillbeasuddenshower.A.incaseB.incaseofC.sothatD.inorderthat10.Couldyoupleasehelpmecarrytheseheavybookstotheclassroom?______.I'mgoingthereanyway.A.You'rewelcomeB.WithpleasureC.Itdoesn'tmatterD.That'sallright二．单词填空1.Themapshowstheexactp_____(位置)ofthesmallvillageneartheriver2.Toeveryone’ssurprise,thelittleboydidn’tcrywhenheheardthebadnews;hejustsatthereins______(悲伤).3.WhenItoldhimthenews,her______(反应)withgreatsurprise.4.Iboughttwocinema______​(票)onlineyesterdayafternoonbecausethemoviewasverypopular.5.Ipickedupablack______(钱包)onthebusthismorningandhandedittothedrive6.Wedecidedtogofora______(野餐)intheparklastSundaybecausetheweatherwassunnyandwarm.7.______(再说一遍)?Ididn’tcatchwhatyousaidjustnow.Couldyourepeatitmoreslowly?8.Icanstillr______(回忆起，回想起)thedaywefirstmet,thoughithappenedtenyearsago.9.Studentsmustm______(记住)allthenewwordscarefullyfortheweeklyEnglishtestnextMonday.10.Weneedtoarriveatthe______(机场)twohoursearlytocheckinandpasssecuritybeforeourflightdeparts.完形填空Yesterdayafternoon,IwascleaningmybedroomwhenIfoundanoldboxunderthebed.Iopeneditcarefullyandsawaphotoalbum(相册)inside.AsIturnedthepages,afloodof1.____camebacktome.ThefirstphotowasofmeandmygrandmawhenIwasfiveyearsold.Weweresittinginhergarden,2.____strawberriesfromherplants.Irememberedhow3.____thosestrawberriestasted,sweetandjuicy.Grandmaalways4.____thebiggestonesforme.Shehadawarmsmilethatcouldwarmupeventhecoldestwinterday.Anotherphotoshowedusmakingdumplingstogether.Iwascoveredinflour(面粉),andGrandmawaslaughing5.____atme.Shetaughtmehowtofoldthedumplingsperfectly,6.____Ialwaysmadethemlooklikelittleuglyballs.Wewouldcookthemtogetherandthen7.____themwiththewholefamily.Thosewerethehappiestdaysofmychildhood.Grandmapassedawaythreeyearsago,butIstill8.____hereveryday.Thisphotoalbumisthemost9.t.____hingIhave.It10.____meofalltheloveandjoyshebroughtintomylife.1.A.memoriesB.dreamsC.ideasD.minds2.A.buyingB.pickingC.growingD.selling3.A.badB.sourC.deliciousD.salty4.A.savedB.warmedC.tookD.cheered5.A.sadlyB.angrilyC.loudlyD.quietly6.A.butB.soC.becauseD.if7.A.makeB.cookC.shareD.retell8.A.forgetB.missC.seeD.visit9.A.expensiveB.beautifulC.uselessD.valuable10.A.remindsB.interviewsC.warnsD.reacts四.阅读理解AHaveyoueverstudiedhardforanexam,onlytoforgetmostofwhatyoulearnedjustafewdayslater?ThiscommonexperiencecanbeexplainedbytheEbbinghausForgettingCurve(艾宾浩斯遗忘曲线),oneofthemostimportantdiscoveriesinthestudyofhumanmemory.HermannEbbinghaus,aGermanpsychologist,createdthiscurve(曲线)inthelate19thcentury.Hetestedhisownmemorybymemorizinglistsofmeaninglesssyllables(音节)andthentestinghimselfatdifferenttimeintervals(间隔).Whathefoundwassurprising:peopleforgetmostofwhattheylearnveryquickly.Infact,weforgetabout50%ofnewinformationwithin20minutes,andabout70%within24hours.However,thegoodnewsisthatthisforgettingprocesscanbesloweddown.Thekeyisspacedrepetition(间隔重复).Ebbinghaus'sresearchshowedthatifwereviewnewmaterial10minutesafterlearningit,thenagain1daylater,3dayslater,7dayslater,andfinally14dayslater,wecanrememberupto90%ofitforalongtime.Thisdiscoveryhaschangedthewaypeoplestudy.Manystudentsnowusespacedrepetitionappstohelpthemremembervocabulary,formulas(公式),andhistoricalfacts.Italsoexplainswhycramming(临时死记硬背)forexamsthenightbeforedoesn'twork—youmightremembertheinformationforafewhours,butyou'llforgetmostofitveryquickly.Ourmemoryisnotlikeacomputerharddrivethatstoresinformationperfectly.It'smorelikeamuscle(肌肉)thatneedsregularexercisetostaystrong.Byunderstandinghowourmemoryworksandusingtherightmethods,wecanallbecomebetterlearners.WhocreatedtheEbbinghausForgettingCurve?A.AGermanpsychologistB.AnAmericanscientistB.ABritishteacherD.AFrenchdoctor2.Accordingtothepassage,howmuchnewinformationdopeopleforgetwithin24hours?A.About20%B.About50%C.About70%D.About90%3.Whatisthekeytoslowingdowntheforgetti