河南省普通高中2025-2026学年高二下学期7月期末英语试题（含答案）

河南省普通高中2025-2026学年高二下学期7月期末英语试题一、阅读理解AResearchProposalSubmissionGuideAllstudent-ledresearchprojectsneedformaldepartmentapprovalbeforedatacollectioncanbegin.Thisguideexplainstheprocedureandrulesforsubmittingyourproposal.SubmissionWindowProposalsareonlyacceptedduringthefallandspringcycles.ThefallcyclerunsfromSeptember1sttoOctober15th,andthespringcyclefromFebruary1sttoMarch15th.Ifyourdocumentsarriveoutsidethesewindows,thesystemwillautomaticallyrejectthemandtheycannotbeopened.Therearenoexceptions.WhataProposalMustContainAcompletepackagemustincludethreeseparateparts,eachofwhichthereviewcommitteewillassessindependently.First,aprojectstatementthatexplainsyourresearchbasedonareviewofexistingstudiesanddescribesyourmethod.Second,atimelinewithclear,measurablemilestonesfortheprojectperiod.Third,acostbreakdownshowingthatallexpectedexpensesarenecessaryandreasonable.Packagesthatareincompleteorinthewrongorderwillbereturnedwithoutbeingevaluated.FileNamingRulesEveryfileyouuploadmustfollowthisnamingpattern:Surname_Initials_Component.pdf—forexample,Chen_X_ProjectStatement.pdf.Afilewithatitlethatdoesnotmatchthispatternorcannotberecognizedwillbetreatedasmissing.Itisyourresponsibilitytodouble-checkthisbeforeyoufinalizeyoursubmission.ReviewStandardsThecommitteeusesastandardscoringframework.Thefourweightedfactorsare:academicvalue(40%),soundnessofdesign(30%),achievability(20%),andbudgetreasonableness(10%).Thedesignscoremainlyreflectswhetheryourresearchdesignislogicallyconsistent.Proposalsthatrestonunverifiableassumptionsorlackaclearlydefined,measurableoutcomewillbescoredpoorly.AftertheReviewWithinfourweeksofacycleclosing,thecommitteegivesoneofthreedecisions:approved,revisable,ordeclined.A“revisable”decisionistime-sensitive—youhaveexactly14calendardaystouploadarevisedversionthataddressesallthecommittee’sconcerns.1.WhathappenstoaproposalhandedinonOctober20th?A．Itwillbeheldforthenextcycle.B．Itwillfailtoclearthesystem’scheck.C．Itwillbereviewedwithalowerpriority.D．Itwillbegivenamanualextension.2.Whichofthefollowingaspectscarriestheleastweightindecidingaproposal’sfate?A．Whetherthemoneyaskedformakessense.B．Whetherthegoalscanbeclearlymeasured.C．Whethertheresearchdesignholdstogetherlogically.D．Whethertheprojectisofhighacademicworth.3.Whatmustastudentdouponreceivinga“revisable”decision?A．Moveforwardwithdatacollectionwhilefixingtheproposal.B．Reachouttocommitteemembersforindividualguidance.C．Beattheclockandgettherevisedversionbackintwoweeks.D．Challengethecommittee’sconcernsthroughaformalchannel.BMyfirstcollegeclasswasphilosophy,anditcompletelychangedthecourseofmylife.Ourfirstassignmentwastowriteanoriginal1000-wordanalysisofAlbertCamus’essayTheMythofSisyphuswithinaweek.Thetaskfilledmewithdeepanxiety.However,throughalltheconfusioninphilosophyclass,Ifoundanswerstomyinnerquestionsaboutlife.Ienteredcollegeaimingforanengineeringdegree,drawntomathematicsforitsclearrightandwronganswers.Facingmyfirstphilosophytask,Iwasconfused.WhatwasthecorrectwaytoanalyzeCamus’essay?Theprofessorofferednoguidelinesandsimplysaid,“Iwanttoseewhatyoucomeupwith.”Iwasusedtoexamplesandexplanationsofsolutions,butthisassignmentofferednoreferences.Burdenedwithworry,IreadCamus’essayseveraltimesandtookcarefulnotes.Ithoughtofamillionwaystointerprettheessay,butwhichonewasmyprofessorlookingfor?Iattemptedvariousstrategies—brainstorming,ideamapping,outlining.Eventually,myideasbecamewell-organized.IsubmittedmyowninterpretationofTheMythofSisyphus.Aweekortwolater,theprofessorreturnedourpapers.Surprisingly,IreceivedanA.Theprofessorspokehighlyofmyoriginalreadingandlogicalthinking.AsIwentthroughhiswrittenfeedback,awaveofreliefandnewfoundconfidencewashedoverme.WhatIlearnedthroughthisprocessextendedwellbeyondhowtowriteacollegepaper.Ilearnedtobeopentonewchallenges.Thisclassandassignmentgavemethefaith,criticalthinkingskillsandcouragetoexploreanewcareerpath.Ileftengineering,studiedlawandbecamealawyer.Moreimportantly,ratherthanviewingcollegeasadirectsteppingstonetoajob,Icametoseeitasaplacetofirstlearn,thenpursueacareer.4.Whydidtheauthorfeelconfusedabouthisfirstphilosophytask?A．Hehadnopassionforphilosophy.B．Nospecificrequirementswereset.C．Hefailedtograsptheessay’smeaning.D．Theteachergavenorelevantguidance.5.Howdidtheauthorcompletehispaper?A．Bydrawinginspirationfromotheressays.B．Byabandoningideasandchangingtopics.C．Byadoptingvariousthinkingapproaches.D．Byturningtotheprofessorforassistance.6.Whatcanbeinferredabouttheauthor?A．Hehadintendedtobealawyer.B．Heregrettedquittingengineering.C．Hecametovaluereasoningskills.D．Heshoneincourseswithclear-cutanswers.7.Whatdoestheauthor’sexperienceshow?A．Romewasnotbuiltinaday.B．Asmallkeyopensbigdoors.C．Nosweetwithoutsweat.D．Thinktwicebeforeyouact.CJulesVerneiswidelyregardedasoneofthefathersofsciencefiction.His“ExtraordinaryVoyages(航海)”seriestransportreadersongrandadventurestothefarreachesofEarthandbeyond.ButVernedidmorethanjusttellentertainingstories—healsopredictedover100modern-dayinventionsandtechnologiesinhiswritings.Forexample,inthe1889shortstoryIntheYear2889,Vernepaintedapictureofahighlynetworkedworldwithglobalmultimediacommunications.Hedescribedthe“phonotelephote,”whichsentsoundandimagesovergreatdistances.Themaincharacter,FritzNapoleonSmith,isabletoeasilycommunicateviathistechnologywithhiswifeonanothercontinent:“Mr.Smithwasabledistinctlytoseehiswifedespitethedistancethatseparatedhimfromher.Mrs.Smithimmediatelyappearedonthetelephoticscreen,withherfeaturessmilingandhereyesmoist(潮湿的)withtears.”Verne’stechnically-groundedadventuretalesrepresentedanewapproachtoimaginingthefuturethroughfiction.Unlikeotherwritersofhisdaywhopennedmorefancifulorsupernaturalstories,Verneaimedforrealisminhisfuturisticvisions,alwaysbasingthemoncutting-edgescienceandhisownextensiveresearch.Thislaidthefoundationforthe“hardsciencefiction”ofthe20thcenturyandbeyond.Verneisoftenthoughtofasatechnologicaloptimist,achampionofscientificprogressandinnovation.Buthiswritingsalsorevealanotherperspective.Manyofhisstoriesfeatureabrilliantbutmadscientistwhoseinventionsultimatelybringmoreharmthangood.CaptainNemoin20,000LeaguesUndertheSeauseshissubmarine(潜艇)toviolentlyattackships.ForVerne,humannaturedeterminedwhethertechnologywouldbeaforceforgoodorasourceofdestruction.ThespiritofadventureinVerne’stimelessstorieswillliveon,continuingtoinspiregenerationstopushtheboundariesofthepossibleandcreatetheworldoftomorrow.ThatisperhapsthegreatestachievementoftheextraordinaryvoyagesofJulesVerne.8.HowdoesMr.Smithgetintouchwithhiswife?A．Viaasound-imagecommunicationdevice.B．Bysailingacross-continentalsubmarine.C．Throughtraditionalhandwrittenletters.D．Bydrivingfastvehiclestovisither.9.HowdidVerne’swritingdifferfromthatofotherwritersathistime?A．Hefocusedonsupernaturalevents.B．Hepreferredfancifulandunrealisticplots.C．Hebasedhisstoriesonrealisticscienceandresearch.D．Heonlywroteaboutoptimisticfutures.10.WhatcanweinferaboutVernefromCaptainNemo’sstory?A．Heisconfidentinhumannature.B．Heissupportiveofscientificadvance.C．Heisdifferentfromthewritersofhistime.D．Heisawareofthedangeroftechnology.11.WhatisthemostsuitabledescriptionofJulesVerneaccordingtothepassage?A．Sensitiveandpositive-minded.B．Imaginativeandforward-thinking.C．Creativeandstrong-willed.D．Adventurousandfantasy-seeking.DAnewlypublishedreportclaims“AI-generatedpoetryisindistinguishablefromhuman-writtenpoetryandisratedmorefavorably”,whichhasdrawnmassiveattentiontothiscriticizedyetbelovedartform.TheWashingtonPostdefinitivelydeclaredthat“ChatGPTisapoet”.Othersmorecloselyechoedtheage-oldclaimsthatpoetryisdead,orasonepublicationoffered,“Yield,Shakespeare.”Reportsliketheseareimportanttoinvestigateastheyhavepracticalandpotentiallyseriousconsequences.Theycanstrengthenwhatsomeargueistheartform’snugacity,whichinturnhelpsfuelargumentsthatdiscredittheimportanceofteachingpoetryandsupportingpassionatepoets,aswellasnonprofitpoetryorganizationsandpublishersdedicatedtotheirwork.Theauthorsofthenewreport,scientistsBrianPorterandEdouardMachery,enteredtheirexperimentswiththepremise(前提)thatapoemissomethingtobesolvedandpoetry,acompetitiontowin.Inthefirstofthescientists’twoexperiments,theydirectedChatGPTtoproducetextsthatimitatedpoemsby10poets.Participantswereassignedapoemandaskedtodeterminetheoriginofthework:poetorbot.Thescientistsrevealthatthestudyparticipants“arenon-expertreadersofpoetry”and“foundthetaskverydifficult,andwereatleastinpartansweringrandomly”.Theirsecondexperimentaskedadifferent,smallergroupofparticipantstoreviewpoemsauthoredbypoetsandChatGPTtextsimitatingpoemsandthenassessthembasedonsomecharacteristics.Participantsratedthebot’stextshigher.However,itshouldbenotedthat,amongthecharacteristics,onlyrhymeisaspecificanddistinctformalelement,makingiteasilyrecognizable.Rhyme,therefore,asinthepreviousexperiment,couldhaveinfluencedresultsfavorablyinthedirectionofChatGPT.PorterandMacheryproposethattheirparticipants’apparentpreferenceforalgorithmically-generatedtextsisbecausetheywere“generallymoreaccessible”tothosewhomaynothavethetimeorinterestforthein-depthanalysisdemandedbythepoetryofhumanpoets.Thisrevealsaquestionableassumptionaboutpoetry.It’struethatreadingpoemstakestime.Infact,oneoftheartform’sbenefitsisthatitslowsreadersdownandinvitesthemtoanotherplaceforafewmoments.Butit’snottruethatpoemssweepingly“demand”“in-depthanalysis”.Thescientists’secondexperimentalsoconfirmedthatparticipantsjudgedtextsmorenegativelywhenitwasrevealedtheywereactuallyproducedbyChatGPT.Theydrawtheconclusionthatthismeansthereis"amismatchbetweenreaders’expectationsandreality".Thiscouldinsteadbesomethingmorefundamental:aconfirmationofadesiretobeledbyahumanguide,tobeabletoimaginethehand,totakecomfortinanotherbeing,toknowsoul.12.Whatisprobablytheauthor’sattitudetowardsthereportsmentionedinParagraph1?A．Tolerant. B．Humble. C．Pessimistic. D．Critical.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“nugacity”inParagraph2probablymean?A．Unreliability. B．Insignificance. C．Contradictoriness. D．Backwardness.14.Asfortheexperiments,theauthorthinksthat_________.A．participants’desireforeasyreadingaffectedtheresultB．experimenters'capabilitytojudgepoemswasshownC．theassessmentfeaturesweakenedthecredibilityD．deepanalysisofpoemsshouldserveasthebasis15.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．ThePowerofAI’sWords:CanHumansGrasp?B．HumanPoetry:TheLastArtintheAgeofAI?C．AI-generatedPoetry:ANewRenaissance?D．VoicesoftheHeart:CanAIBridge?七选五Therearedayswhenyourmindfeelslikeanoverflowinginbox(收件箱).___16___Emotionsarrivefasterthanyoucannamethem.Youmovefromtasktotask,butinside,yourinnernoiseneverfindsaplacetoland.Foralongtime,Itriedtomanagethisinnernoisebythinkingharder,planningmoreor“beingpositive”.Itrarelyhelped.Ididn’tneedmorethoughtsaboutmythoughts.___17___Onlythen,almostbyaccident,Istartedopeningavoice-to-texttoolonmyphoneandtalkingtonarratemyinnerlifeinrealtime.Later,Ireadthetranscripts(文稿).Atfirst,itwasuncomfortable,likeoverhearingastranger’sprivateconversation.___18___Istoppedreadingasifitwereabout“me”andstartedreadingasifIwerediscoveringacharacterinastory.Whoisthisperson?What’sdrivingthem?IcallthisprocessWriteYourselfEveryDay(WYED).Inthatsmallshift,Istepoutofbeingthepersoninsidethefeelingandbecometheobservingreader—andthenthewriterwhocanchoosewhatcomesnext.___19___I’mnolongerstuckinthemoodofthemoment.Icanunderstandthe“character”,noticemyblindspots,anddecidehowthenextpagemightgo.___20___Whilethosetoolscanbeuseful,theyoftenguideyoutowardspecificinterpretations.Bycontrast,WYEDdoesnot.Youjustneed10minutesaday,thewillingnesstotellthetruthforamoment,andthenthecommitmenttokeepcomingback,readingandauthoringyourstorywithcare.A．Anewkindofspaceopens.B．Butgraduallysomethingshifted.C．Ichosetorecordmyinnerfeelings.D．ThepracticediffersfromAIjournalapps.E．Thoughtspileupwithoutbeinganswered.F．Itallowsyoutousetoolsyoualreadyhave.G．Ineededsomewhereforthosethoughtstogo.二、完形填空ForKrystynaLocke,birthdaysarenolongerjustaboutcakeandcandles—theyhaveevolvedintoameaningfulopportunitytospread___21___.Afterlivingwithlymphoma(淋巴瘤)for20years,she___22___tocelebrateherrecentbirthdaybysupportingothersonsimilar___23___journeys.Krystyna’s___24___withcancerbeganin2004,whenshewasfoundtohavelymphoma.Fornearlytwodecades,shehasbeen___25___thecancerclinicinLondoneverysixmonthsforcheck-upsand___26___.In2023,thediseasereturnedinamoresevereform,achallengethat___27___gaveheranewperspectiveonlife.Nowcancer-free,sheis___28___touseherexperiencetohelpothers.Herkindactfocusesona___29___butheavyburden(负担)forcancerpatientsandtheirfamilies:hospitalparkingfees.“Somepeoplehavetocomeineverydayfortreatment,andparkingcanfeellikeonemorethingto___30___,”Krystynasaid.“Iwantedtobringsome___31___intheirday.”Sheraisedmoneyto___32___parkingcostsattheVerspeetenFamilyCancerCentreatLondonHealthSciencesCentre,aplacethathadbeenpartofherownhealingjourney.“Iwanttoshowmychildrenandgrandkidshowmeaningfulitcanbeto___33___toothers,”shesaid.Hospitalleaders___34___hergenerosity.CareyLandry,directoroftheSouthWestRegionalCancerProgram,notedthat___35___cancerisemotionallyexhausting,andeasingparkingworriesliftsarealburden.21.A．informationB．wisdomC．kindnessD．friendship22.A．pretendedB．forgotC．hesitatedD．chose23.A．lifelongB．inspiringC．difficultD．disappointing24.A．battleB．agreementC．comparisonD．concern25.A．operatingB．visitingC．fundingD．recommending26.A．preventionB．confirmationC．donationD．treatment27.A．secretlyB．barelyC．creativelyD．truly28.A．ashamedB．unableC．determinedD．unwilling29.A．physicalB．smallC．necessaryD．sweet30.A．dealwithB．argueaboutC．searchforD．commenton31.A．adviceB．medicineC．equipmentD．joy32.A．estimateB．coverC．chargeD．increase33.A．giveB．communicateC．apologizeD．listen34.A．misunderstoodB．praisedC．generatedD．ignored35.A．describingB．researchingC．facingD．highlighting三、语法填空TheScienceOfScratchingMomknewwhatshewastalkingaboutafterall:Scratchingreallydoesmaketheitchworse.Good___36___itfeels,theburstofecstasy(狂喜)yougetfromclawingyourirritatedskinonlyprolongsaviciousitch-scratchcycle,puttingtruerelief___37___(far)outofreach.Butwhy?Thoughitchhastroubledourspeciesforthousandsofyears,scientistshavejustbeguntocomprehendthephysiologicalmechanisms___38___it.Overthepastcoupleofdecades,researchhasshown___39___scratchingtapsintoourbrains’rewardandimmunesystems,producingastrangemixofsensationsthatmakesitallbutimpossibletoresist.“Youscratchtofeelbetter,”saysBrianKim,aneuroimmunologistatMountSinai’sIcahnSchoolofMedicine,“butindoingso,youactuallyactivateimmunepathwaysthatarecounterproductive.”In1660,adefinitionofitcharosethat’sstillinusetoday:anunpleasantsensationthatprovokesthedesiretoscratch.Itresultsfrom___40___frominsectbitesandpoisonousplantstoallergicreactionsandskinconditionslikeeczema(湿疹).Untilrecently,itchwasconsideredaformofmildpain___41___(arise)fromtheweakactivationofpainreceptors.This“intensitytheory”speculatedthatitchstoodatoneendofthepainspectrum,and___42___(transition)allthewaytofull-blownsufferingasastimulusgrewstronger.Butin2014,Zhou-FengChen,anitchresearcherthenatWashingtonUniversity,discoveredthatserotonin(themood-regulating“happinesshormone”)playsabigroleinperpetuating(使永久)theitch-scratchcycle.Theresearchteamfoundthatwhenmicescratchanitch,theirbrainsreleaseasurgeofserotonin,resultinginamomentofpurebliss.TheseresultswereconsistentwithaPLOSOnestudyfromthepreviousyear,whichshowedthatscratchingactivatesthebrainregions___43___(involve)intherewardcircuit,aneuralnetworkthatfloodsthebodywitheuphoria-inducingchemicalsinresponsetopleasurableactivitiesandsubstances.It’sthesamesystem___44___underliesaddiction,whichisn’tsurprisingifyou’veeverlostanhourscratchingatmosquitobites.ButKimnotesthere’sanothersidetothiscoin:thelongingnottofeelpleasure___45___toeasediscomfort.“That’swhat’ssocomplexaboutit,”hesays.“Therearedifferentlevelsatwhichyouneedtoscratch.”四、书信写作46.假定你发现学校劳动基地（laborpracticebase）长期闲置，未能得到充分利用。请你向学校英语报投稿，内容包括：(1)描述基地现状；(2)提出利用建议；(3)你的期待。参考词汇：idle闲置的注意：(1)写作字数应为80个左右。(2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。MakeFullUseofOurLaborPracticeBase_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________五、读后续写47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Mr.andMrs.LeemovedintotheapartmentnextdoorinearlySeptember.Atfirst,weexchangedpolitesmileswhenpassingby,butthingschangedsoon.Myyoungerbrother,Tom,wascrazyaboutplayingthedrums.He’dbeendreamingofjoiningtheschool’smusicbandandpracticedhardeveryeveningrightafterfinishinghishomework,usuallyfrom5pmto6pm.Hesaidtheloudbeatshelpedhimreleasestressfromadayofstudying.However,ourthinapartmentwallsturnedhispracticesessionsintoaheadachefortheLees.Mrs.Leeworkednightshiftsatthehospital.Shereliedontheafternoonstosleepandrechargeforthenextshift,butthedrumbeatswouldwakeheruprepeatedly.Mr.Lee,afreelancewriterwhoworkedfromhome,neededcompletequiettofocusonhisstories,buttheconstant“boom-boom-boom”wouldbreakhistrainofthought.Wedidn’tnoticetheirtroubleatfirst;Tomalwaysclosedhisbedroomdoorwhenpracticing,andwethoughtthatwouldreducethenoiseenough.OneTuesdayevening,Mr.Leeknockedonourdoor.Hisfacelookedserious,andIcouldtellhewasupset.“I’msorrytobotheryou,”hesaid,“butthedrumnoisehasbeenmakingithardformywifetorestandmetowork.We’vetriedclosingthewindows,butitstilldoesn’thelpmuch.”Myparentsapologizedimmediately,butTomfeltwronged.Hearguedthatheonlypracticedforanhoureachdayandhadnowhereelsetoplay.Forthenextfewdays,theatmospherebetweenourtwofamiliesbecameawkward.Westoppedgreetingeachother,andthewallsseemedtogrowthicker.Decidingtofixthesituation,mymombakedaplateofchocolatecookies—Mrs.Lee’sfavorite,whichwelearnedfromacasualchatbefore—andaskedTomandmetotakethemtotheLees.注意：1.续写词数应为150个左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Whenwearrived,Mrs.Leeopenedthedoorwithasurprisedlook.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________