2027高考英语大一轮复习必修第一册UNIT 4 NATURAL DISASTERS学案

Naturaldisasters,likedrought,flood,typhoons,andearthquakes,arebecoming1.morefrequent(frequent)nowadays.Theyhavebadeffectsonhumans'life，2.making(make)ussufferfromterribleinjuriesandseriousdamage.TheTangshanearthquakein1976shockedtheworldthen—about90percentofthehomesinthecity3.weredestroyed(destroy)，andelectricitywashard4.toget(get)becausepowerwascutoff.Alargecitylay5.inruins.Millionsofpeoplewereaffectedandhadtoface6.death(die).Itseemedasiftheworld7.werecoming(come)toanend.Thankfully，150，000soldiersweresenttostartrescuework.Theydugoutthose8.whoweretrapped,buriedthedeadandbuiltsheltersforthosewhosurvivedthedisaster.Thetirelesseffortspaidoff.Slowly,thecitybegantobreatheagain.Inthisfight,humansshowedgreatcourageandwisdom.And9.whatwelearnedfromthedisasteristokeepfirstaidkitonhandincaseofemergency.Whenadisasterstrikesaplace,it'susuallydifficulttodeliverfoodand10.supplies(supply)withinashorttime,butaslongaswestaycalm,positiveandunited,nodisasterwilldefeatus.1affectvt.影响；(疾病)侵袭；深深打动(☞affectionn．喜爱)eq\a\vs4\al()[练透]——单句语法填空/完成句子①Asweknow,theenvironmentisfacingseriousproblems,affecting(affect)everyone'slife.(2025·北京卷应用文)②Althoughaffected(affect)withaseriousdisease，heheldapositiveattitudeandbelievedtherewasahopeofrecovery.③一方面，长时间用手机玩游戏不仅会伤害你的眼睛，还会影响你的大脑。Foronething,notonlycanplayinggamesonyourphoneforalongtimeharmyoureyes,buttheycanalsoaffectyourbraingreatly．(1)bedeeply/greatlyaffectedby...被……深深打动beaffectedwith...染上……疾病(2)show/haveanaffectionfor...喜欢……，喜爱……2shockn．休克；打击；震惊；令人震惊的事vt.(使)震惊(☞shockedadj.感到震惊的☞shockingadj.令人震惊的)[练透]——单句语法填空/完成句子①Onhearingthosewords,LukeandLisastaredateachotherinshock.②Theunexpectedguestandgiftshocked(shock)me,andIwasatalosswhattosay.(读后续写之心理描写)③他们的母亲既震惊又自豪，她温柔地低声说：“谢谢你们，孩子们。我真的很感激你们为我所做的一切！”(读后续写之心理描写)Shockedandproud,theirmothersaidinasweetwhisper,“Thanks,mykids.Ireallyappreciatewhatyouhavedoneforme！”[点津]各种“惊讶”：①astonishingastonished②amazingamazed(1)beshockedtodosth做某事很震惊beshockedat...对……感到震惊(2)ashockto...对……是吃惊的事(3)electricshock触电；电休克culturalshock文化冲击3buryvt.(buried，buried，burying)埋葬；安葬；掩埋；隐藏eq\a\vs4\al()[练透]——句式升级/完成句子①Davidstillrefusedtolookatmeandhisheadwasburiedinhisarms.→Davidstillrefusedtolookatme，buryinghisheadinhisarms．(分词短语作状语)→Davidstillrefusedtolookatme，withhisheadburiedinhisarms．(with复合结构)→Davidstillrefusedtolookatme，hisheadburiedinhisarms．(独立主格结构)②詹妮弗坐在地板上，双手捂着脸，身体颤抖着，轻声地开始哭泣。(读后续写之动作＋情绪描写)Jennifersatonthefloor,buryingherfaceinherhands,andherbodytrembledasshesoftlybegantocry.(1)beburiedin(2)buryone'sfaceinone'shands双手掩面[点津]表示“专心于……”的短语小结：①beabsorbedin②keepone'smindon③devoteoneselfto④concentrateon⑤focusone'sattentionon4suffervt.遭受；蒙受vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦(☞sufferingn．受苦，遭难☞sufferern．受害者；患者)[练透]——单句语法填空/完成句子①Toourshock,hehadbecomeseriouslyill,suffering(suffer)greatpainanddiscomfort.(读后续写之情感描写)②得知我的搭档得了重病，我非常焦虑，所以我冲向了医院。(读后续写之心理＋动作描写)Knowingthatmypartnerwassufferingfromaseriousillness，Iwasburningwithanxiety,soIdartedtowardsthehospital.③生活中总有起起落落，但正是这些磨难让我们变得更坚强。(读后续写之主旨升华)Therearealwaysupsanddownsinourlife，butitisthesesufferingsthatmakeusstronger．(1)sufferalotofpain遭受巨大的痛苦sufferseveredamage损失惨重sufferdefeat遭受失败(2)sufferfrom遭受；患病5survivevi.生存；存活vt.幸存；艰难度过(☞survivorn．幸存者☞survivaln．幸存；生还)eq\a\vs4\al()[练透]——单句语法填空/完成句子①Membershipinagroupplaysanimportantfunctioninensuringtheirsafetyandimprovingtheirchancesofsurvival(survive)fromattacks.(2024·九省联考)②Rowlinghadspentyearssurviving(survive)onlittlemoney,spendingallhertimewriting.(外研选必一U2)③我打开门，惊奇地发现一位老太太站在暴风雪中，身上只穿了一件薄外套，显然不足以在暴风雪中生存。(读后续写之人物描写)Iopenedthedoorandsurprisinglyfoundanoldladystandinginthesnowstormwithjustathincoat，obviouslynotenoughtosurvivethesnowstorm．④生活不在于如何挺过暴风雨，而在于如何在暴风雨中起舞。(读后续写之主旨升华)Lifeisn'tabouthowtosurvivestorms，buthowtodanceintherain.surviveon靠……存活下来survivesth幸免于；从……中活过来AsurviveB(by＋时间)A比B活得长6strikevt.&vi.(struck，struck/stricken)侵袭；突击；击打；突然想起；(时钟等)敲响n．罢工；罢课；袭击[练透]——单句语法填空/完成句子①Struck(strike)bywhathehaddoneforme，Icouldn'tcontainmyself，tearsofgratitudeflowingdownmycheeks.(读后续写之心理描写)②Shefeltasharppainwhenshewasstruckonthelegbyaflyingballduringthesoccermatch.(读后续写之场景描写)③她突然意识到，目标更易通过小步骤逐步实现。(2024·浙江卷1月)Itoccurredto/hit/struckherthatgoalsareeasiertoachieveinsmallsteps.(1)Itstrikes/hits/occurstosbthat...某人突然想起……bestruckby...被……打动；被……侵袭strikesbin/on＋the＋身体部位打某人某部位(2)beonstrike在罢工7句型公式：asif引导的虚拟语气eq\a\vs4\al()教材原句：Itseemedasiftheworldwerecomingtoanend!仿佛世界末日即将来临！[练透]——完成句子①知道自己在写作比赛中获得了第一名之后，我觉得自己好像站在世界之巅。(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)KnowingIgotthefirstplaceinthewritingcontest,Ifeltasif(Iwere)onthetopoftheworld．②在屋内，吃着美味的饼干，我们谈笑风生，托比的尾巴欢快地摇着，仿佛我们之间从未发生过任何不愉快的事情。(2025·全国一卷读后续写)Inside,overthedeliciousbiscuits,welaughedandtalked,withToby'stailwagginghappily,asifnothingunpleasanthadeverhappenedbetweenus．③眼含泪花，大卫抬起头，看着我，好像要说什么，但是又垂下了头。(读后续写之心理描写)Tearswellingupinhiseyes，Davidraisedhishead，lookedatmeasifhewouldsaysomething，butloweredhisheadonceagain.asif/though意为“似乎，好像”，它所引导的从句中的语气及时态为：·陈述语气(真实或极有可能发生的情况)·虚拟语气(不真实或不可能发生的情况)虚拟现在：did（be动词用were虚拟过去：haddone8句型公式：bedoing...when...正在做某事这时(突然)……eq\a\vs4\al()教材原句：Iwashavingbreakfastwithmythreechildrenwhenwaterstartedfillingmyhome.当时我和我的三个孩子正在吃早饭，海水开始灌入屋内。[练透]——完成句子①当我在浏览我们学校的网站时，我注意到了英文报纸Youth。Iwassurfingourschool'swebsitewhenInoticedtheEnglishnewspaperYouth.②母亲刚醒来时，就闻到了食物诱人的香味，这种香味营造出一种温馨的家庭氛围。(读后续写之环境描写)Motherhadjustwokenupwhenshewasgreetedbythedelicioussmelloffood,whichcreatedawelcomingatmosphereinthehome.③她正要把花送给李先生，突然摔倒在地。(读后续写之动作描写)ShewasabouttopresentMrLiwiththeflowerswhenshefelltotheground.句中when用作并列连词，意为“这时突然”，常用于以下句型：beabouttodo...when...正要做……突然……beonthepointofdoing...when...正要做……突然……had(just)done...when...刚做完……这时突然……微点练通微点点拨1.①Awaveofpanicsweptover/floodedoverher(她感到一阵惊慌),butsheforcedherselftoleavetheroomcalmly.②(2025·全国一卷)Sittingaloneinthelivingroom,Istaredatthefamilyphotosonthewall,memoriesofourchildhoodfloodingback(童年的回忆涌上心头).③Withthewarmsunlightfloodingin(温暖的阳光照进来),theyenjoyedthecompanyofeachother,feelingawaveofwarmthandappreciation.2．①LiBaiwroteagreatnumberofexcellentpoems,allofwhichhaveagreateffectonChineseculture(对中国文化产生了巨大的影响).②Additionally,thereareinteractivegamestomakelearningbothfunandeffective(effect).3．(2023·全国甲卷)Hesparednoefforttocarryoutaseriesofreforms(不遗余力地进行了一系列改革)tomakehiscountryrichandpowerful.4．①Onreturningtothetown，theywereshockedtofindtheirneighbourhoodinruins.②Youcan'tchangethepast，butyoucanruinthepresent(毁了现在)byworryingaboutthefuture.1.①floodin/into/outof大量涌入/蜂拥而出②floodback涌上心头③aburst/wave/sense/feelingof＋情感名词＋flood/sweepover＋sb,表“某人感到……”2．①haveaneffecton...对……有影响②comeintoeffect/takeeffect生效；起作用3．①sparenoefforttodosth不遗余力做某事②makeaneffort/effortstodosth努力做某事③witheffort努力地4．①lie/beinruins成为废墟②ruinoneself毁掉自己；自取灭亡Ⅰ.单句语法填空——巩固语言知识1．Whenpeoplesharedstoriesoftheirsuffering(s)(suffer),Sarahinspiredthemwithherownexperience.2．Theyshouldfocusonthetheme“CarryForwardPositivity,LightUpCampusDreams”andhavealength(long)ofwithin5minutes.3．However,oneunusualafternoon,apowerfulandunexpectedstormswept(sweep)throughthetown,leaving(leave)destructioninitswake.4．Ibreathed(breath)asighofreliefasIwentoverandsatbackdown.5．Themathproblemwastoocomplicatedforhertosolve(solve)quickly,leavingherpuzzledandscratchingherheadinfrustration.6．(2025·全国一卷)Thewaytheydemonstratedhowmicroplasticsweretrapped(trap)throughtheboilingprocesswasnice.7．(2024·北京卷)Iwasreading(read)abookintheclassroomwhentherewasanannouncement.8．Itisdarkinthewoods.Itseemsasiftherewere(be)afiercebeastbehindeverybush.Themoreshethinksofthis,themorefrightenedsheis.9．(2025·全国一卷)Wholeneighbourhoodsweredestroyed(destroy)tomakewayfornewroadnetworksandkidshadtoplayelsewhere.10．Uptonowfoodandwaterhavebeendelivered(deliver)tothedisaster-strickenarea，wheremanypeoplesurviving(survive)thedisasterareinurgentneedofhelp.Ⅱ.熟词生义/一词多义——清除阅读障碍1．猜测下列句子中加黑词的含义①Deeplyaffectedbythefilm，wecouldn'tholdbacktears.感动②Shewasrushedtothehospitalaftersufferingfromshock.休克③(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)Johnwentbacktoobservingnatureandaskingquestions.Whycancertainplantstrapharmfulbacteria(细菌)?留存④(2024·浙江卷1月)Itissoeasytoletanonlinecourseslide,butyourgradeswillsufferasaresult.忽视不管；放任自流⑤Theelectriccar,poweredbythebattery,candrivefor600milesonasinglecharge.驱动⑥Birdssinginginthetree，thebrightfive-starredflagwavedinthebreeze.飘动，起伏2．选出deliver的含义①Theprincesshadbeendeliveredofahealthybabyboy，whichmadethehandsomeprincewildwithexcitement.B②IfeelitagreathonourtodeliveraspeechtosharewithyoumyopinionsonPekingOpera.C③(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)IboughtadeskandaskedforittobedeliveredtomyhousethisFriday.AA.vt.递送B.vt.生小孩；接生C.vt.发表演说等3.选出strike的含义①Somelaborunionsrecentlystruckadealwithagroupofcompanieslimitingthenumberofhoursthatindependentcontractorscanbeoncall.E②Theworkerswentonstriketodemandbetterworkingconditionsandhigherwages.C③WhenIenteredtheroom,theclockhadjuststruck10.F④Asanoldsayinggoes,“Striketheironwhileit'shot.”A⑤Abigearthquakestruckthearealastweek,whichthencausedaterribletsunami.D⑥Itstrikesusthatwecanfollowthestreambacktothefarmhouse.BA.vt.打B.vt.使突然想起C.n.罢工D.vt.(灾难、疾病等)袭击E.vt.达成(协议、妥协)F.v.(钟)敲Ⅲ.构词法精练——快速增加词汇名词后缀-al名词后缀-al主要用在动词后面，表示“……的动作或过程”。规则典例直接加-alrenew(更新)→renewal(更新)dismiss(解雇；解散)→dismissal(解雇；解散)withdraw(撤回)→withdrawal(撤回；取款)去e加-alarrive(到达)→arrival(到达)approve(批准)→approval(批准)propose(提议)→proposal(提议)recite(背诵)→recital(朗诵会；独奏会)rehearse(排练)→rehearsal(排练)1.Intoday'scompetitivemarket,innovationiskeytoacompany'ssurvival(survive).2．Herrefusal(refuse)togiveupinthefaceoffailurewastrulyadmirable.3．Imadeacashwithdrawal(withdraw)fromtheATMtopayforthedinner.电子邮件——安全进校园假定你是高三学生李华。在全国防灾减灾日到来之际，你们学校开展了一次以“安全进校园”为主题的教育活动。你校国际部交换生Jim对此很感兴趣，发来邮件询问。请你用英文给他回复，内容包括：1．活动目的；2.活动安排。根据提示，利用本单元所学知识完成作文DearJim，Learningthatyouareinterestedinthe“SafetyEducationintoCampus”event,Iamgladtoshareitwithyou.InresponsetotheNationalDisasterPreventionandReductionDay,ourschoolorganisedactivitiestoraise①ourawarenessofself-protectioninthefaceofemergencies(在紧急情况下的自我保护意识).Firstly,②anexpertfromaprofessionalrescueteamdeliveredalecture(一位来自专业救援队的专家做报告)onhowtoreactwhendisastershit(用本单元词汇替换加黑词③strike)us,suchasfiresandearthquakes,equippinguswithbasicsofevacuation.Besides,wemadebrochuresconcerningthepracticaltipson④dealingwithdisasters(应对灾害)andhandedthemoutoncampustofurtherspreadthesafetyknowledgeamongstudents.IhavepreparedanEnglishbrochureforyou.Hopeitwillhelp.Yours，LiHua积累常诵——情感描写之“恐惧、惊恐”(二)词块积累金句背诵①rootsbtothespot/ground/rootedtothespot/ground呆立不动②freezewithfear/terror/fright/horror吓呆③stand/sitfrozenwithfear站/坐着吓傻了④shake/tremblewithfear吓得发抖；胆战心惊⑤(knees)knockinfright(双膝)吓得直打颤⑥kneesfeelweak双膝发软⑦one'sbodyberigid/stiffwithfear吓得浑身发僵⑧feellike/turntojelly开始发软⑨sweatwithfear吓得直冒汗⑩achilldeepdowninone'sbones毛骨悚然⑪haveone'sheartinone'smouth某人的心提到嗓子眼⑫havebutterfliesinone'sstomach七上八下；感到忐忑不安1.Mollyfeltthatthebloodinherbodyfrozerapidlyatthesightofthedarkfigureoutsidetheglassdoor.莫莉看到玻璃门外的黑影，感觉体内的血液迅速凝固起来。2．Icouldfeelmyheartpoundingwildlyandmypalmssweating.我能够感觉到我的心怦怦跳，手心直冒汗。3．Iwalkedacrossthehospitalparkinglotwithmyheartinmythroat,terrifiedofwhatthedoctorshadtotellme.我提心吊胆地走过医院的停车场，害怕医生要告诉我的消息。4．Shesweatedwithfear,standingtheretongue-tied.她吓得大汗淋漓，站在那里说不出话来。5．Igetsonervousbeforepublicspeakingthatmyhandsshakeandmykneesfeelweak.我在公开演讲前会特别紧张，不仅手抖，膝盖还会发软。用表“恐惧、惊恐”的表达补全下面的微场景并背诵微场景9主题“险境求生”——遭遇飓风时的“恐惧、惊恐”It'sstrange,butIdon'treallyremembermuchaboutthehurricaneitself.Itallhappenedsoquickly.Iwassittinginmyroomwithmycat,Smartie,onmylap,whentheroofjustflewoff.Allofasudden,therewasskywheretheroofhadbeen.①IwassofrightenedthatIjustfroze/Ifrozewithfear/Iwasrootedtothespotwithfear(我吓呆了).Momcriedtogetoutquickly,butitwasalreadytoolatebythen.Therainwascomingdownsohardandsofast.Ourstreetturnedintoariverinseconds.Weweregoingnowhere.微场景10主题“挑战自我”——学习游泳时的“恐惧、惊恐”Iwasalwaysafraidofwater.Thisfearcouldnotbeexplained,butthemomentIsteppednearanybodyofwater,②mylegswouldfeellike/turntojelly(我会两腿发软).Iwouldimaginemyselfdrowninginthewaterandthrashingaroundhelplessly.Butmyschoolwantedallpupilstopassaswimmingtest,which③mademetremble/shakewithfear(让我胆战心惊).Once,afteraparticularlyhardswimminglesson,IspottedKathyswimminggracefullyinthepool.Gatheringmycourage,Iaskedgently,“Kathy,canyouteachmetoswim？”Shestaredatmecoldly.ItwasasifIstoodattheedgeofanendlessocean,④myfearappearinglikedarkstormclouds(我的恐惧就像乌云一样出现了，独立主格)threateningtodrownme.限时规范训练(5)(建议用时：30分钟满分：40分)Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分)A(2026·温州联考)Brushingmyteeth,Iheardwhatsoundedlikebranchesscraping(刮擦)theroof.Ipaused,wonderingwhatitcouldbe.ThenIthoughtthatmusthavebeenHurricaneIsabel,whichwasblowingherwaythroughourcity.ThenIheardthesoundofbreakingglass.Asecondlater,theentirehouseshook.MyhusbandandIstaredateachotherinfrozenhorrorbeforerushingtocheckonourbabydaughterasleepinherbed.Thesoundhadscaredherawake—neverhadacrysoundedsosweet—andmyhusbandgratefullysnatchedherupandrantotherelativesafetyofourroom.Thenweventuredout.MyhusbandstartedthecarwhileIhurriedacrossthestreettoletaneighborknowwewereokayandheadingtoafriend'shome.Shakingbutgratefultobealive,wedroveaway.Thenextmorning,brightsunlightclearlydisplayedthestorm'sdestruction.Wereturnedhometoseethatagianttreeinthecenterofouryardhadeffectivelysplitourhouseintwo!Aswestoodonthesidewalkwonderingwhattodo,alocalfiretruckpulledup.Thefirefightersinformedusthatourhomehadreceivedtheworstdamageinthecity.Whenwemeetneighborsforthefirsttime,theireyespopwhentheyrealizeweliveinthehousethetreefellthrough.Inthedaysandweeksthatfollowed,werememberedthefeelingofreliefwhenwerealizedthateveryoneinourliveswhomatteredwasunscathed—me,myhusband,ourdaughterandevenourtwopets.Yes,welostmanythings.Butthosethingswerereplaceableandthedamagewastemporary.Everysooftenwepulloutthephotosofthetree'sdestructionandfeelsurprisedathowblessedwewere—andstillare.Wheneverwebegintofeelungratefulorunsatisfiedwithwhatwehave,thosephotosandmemoriesofferareminderofhowwecamethroughthattrial.【语篇解读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。一次空前的飓风突然袭来，作者一家人死里逃生。经历过灾难的作者深深地为自己的幸运而感恩。1．Howdidtheauthorfeelwhensheheardthebabycrying？()A．Heartbroken. B．Curious.C．Doubtful. D．Delighted.解析：D细节理解题。根据第二段中“neverhadacrysoundedsosweet”可知，作者听到孩子的哭声后感到非常庆幸和高兴——因为自己的女儿还活着。故D项正确。2．Whatmadetheauthorandherhusbandsurvivetheterribleaccident？()A．Theirleavinghomequickly.B．Theircallingthefirefighters.C．Theirreceivinghelpfromneighbors.D．Theirfightingwithhurricanebravely.解析：A推理判断题。根据第二至四段可知，作者一家之所以能够死里逃生，主要是因为他们当时作出的明智决定——快速离家去投奔朋友。故A项正确。3．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“unscathed”inparagraph6mean？()A．Notinjured. B．Notaffected.C．Notincluded. D．Notdisturbed.解析：A词义猜测题。根据上下文可知，飓风结束了，作者一家人平安无事。故A项正确。B(2025·湖南省大联考)Asthefirstgirlinmyfamily,IwasborninVenezuela,twelvemonthstothedaybeforeoneofthebiggestearthquakesinthecountry'shistorystruckthecapitalcityCaracasin1967.I'vealwaysseenthisasasignofmydestiny.Disastershavethepotentialtosetbackanation'sdevelopmentforyearsandevendecades.However,mypersonalexperienceshavetaughtmethattheextentofdamageoftendependsonwhetherthereisacultureofpreventionwithintheaffectedsociety.IrecallatimewhenIwaslivinginanapartmentbuildingwhenamoderateearthquakestruck.Myreaction,aftertheimmediate“drop,cover,holdon”reflexes(反射动作),wastohopethatthebuildingwouldprovetobestructurallysound.Astheshakingslowlystopped,Iranoutsidetowaitforpossibleaftershocks.Myfears,thankfully,didnothappen.Ithadresistedthequakebecauseitfollowedthecountry'sbuildingcodes.Occasionslikethisshowthenecessityofhavingupdatedbuildingcodesthatincludelessonslearnedfrompastdisasters.Hadthebuildingnotfollowedtheseupdatedcodes,Imaynothavesurvived.Thisexperiencehasonlystrengthenedmybeliefinthevalueofpreventioninmitigatingtheimpactofdisasters.IhavespentthepasttwoyearsworkingontheBuiltEnvironmentinLatinAmericaandtheCaribbeanProject.Theprojecthasdevelopedrisk-informedpoliciesandengineeringtechniquesinthesixcountriesthatwereselectedfortheirparticularlyhighexposuretoearthquakes.Thisprojectfitsperfectlywithmyprofessionalandpersonalgoals,asitcombinesmypassionandexperienceinriskreduction.LikethethirdlittlepiginthetaleofThreeLittlePigs,whoputsresilience(韧性)aboveconveniencewhilebuildinghishousefrombricks,I'mcommittedtobuildingaframeworkofpreventionandresilience,asIknowthatearlyactiontodaycanpreventproblemstomorrow.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。作者通过自身经历深刻认识到预防地震的重要性。作者还参与相关项目，致力于抗震救灾工作。4．Whatdoestheauthorrefertoasherdestiny？()A．Rebuildingcitiesafterdisasters.B．Experiencingmanyearthquakes.C．Doingworkrelatedtoearthquakes.D．UpdatingbuildingcodesinVenezuela.解析：C细节理解题。根据第一段以及最后一段可知，作者将从事与地震相关的工作视为自己的命运。故选C。5．Whydidtheearthquakementionedinparagraph3impresstheauthor？()A．Sherealizedthedangerofearthquakes.B．Shefeltshedidnotrespondwellenough.C．Shewasveryluckytoescapewithherlife.D．Sherecognizedtheimportanceofprevention.解析：D细节理解题。根据第三段中“Ithadresistedthequakebecauseitfollowedthecountry'sbuildingcodes.”以及第四段中“Thisexperiencehasonlystrengthenedmybeliefinthevalueofpreventioninmitigatingtheimpactofdisasters.”可知，第三段提到的地震给作者留下深刻印象是因为她认识到了预防的重要性。故选D。6．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“mitigating”inparagraph4mean？()A．Causing. B．Reducing.C．Ignoring. D．Avoiding.解析：B词义猜测题。根据第三段中“Ithadresistedthequakebecauseitfollowedthecountry'sbuildingcodes.”和第四段中“Thisexperiencehasonlystrengthenedmybeliefinthevalueofpreventioninmitigatingtheimpactofdisasters.”并结合前文提到建筑遵循规范抵御地震，可知预防是为了“减轻”灾害影响。故选B。7．WhatdoesthetaleofThreeLittlePigsimply？()A．Teamworkmattersinpreventingdisasters.B．Riskreductionworkrequiresalotofskills.C．Damagecausedbydisasterscanbeavoided.D．Buildinghousesneedspassionandexperience.解析：C推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“就像《三只小猪》故事里的第三只小猪，用砖头盖房子时把韧性置于便利之上，我致力于构建一个预防和具备韧性的框架，因为我知道今日尽早行动，明日便可防患于未然。”可知，《三只小猪》的故事暗示通过像第三只小猪一样注重韧性(预防措施)，灾害造成的损害是可以避免的。故选C。C(课标变化题)Approximately4，000yearsfollowingthelastglacialperiod,hunter-gatherercommunitiesencounteredanothersuddenclimateshiftthatforcedrapidadaptationtosignificantlycolderconditions.The8.2kaevent，occurring8，200yearsago,broughtabouttemperaturedeclinesofupto6℃withinmeredecades.Meanwhile，thebreakawayofaScotland-sizedlandmassfromtheNorwegiancontinentalshelfgeneratedamassivetsunamithatcompletedBritain'sgeographicalseparationfrommainlandEurope.Despitethesesevereenvironmentalchallenges，northernhemisphere(半球)populationsdemonstratedremarkabletoughness.Throughitall,peopleacrossthenorthernhemispheresurvived,somebypackingupandmoving,othersbystickingitout.RickSchultingfromtheUniversityofOxfordnotes:“Thesecommunitieswerenotpassivevictimsbutactivelyadaptedtochangingcircumstances.”Whilepreviousresearchhadexaminedregionalimpacts,Schulting'scomprehensivestudycomparedarchaeologicalevidenceandenvironmentalrecordsacrossnorthwesternEuropeandsouthernSiberia.Tounderstandhowtheyadapted,scientistscomparedarchaeologicalfindings,suchasburialsitesandancientremains,withenvironmentalevidencepreservedinancientlakebeds.Thiscombinationofcluesallowedthemtoreconstructpastchangesintheclimateandlandscapewithremarkableprecision.Adaptationstrategiesvariedsignificantlyacrossregions.CoastalcommunitiesinNorway'sOslofjordexpandedthroughincreasedrelianceonmarineresourceslikefishandseals,whileLakeBaikalpopulationsshowedminimaldisruptionduetostablewater-basedsupplies.Incontrast，northwesternRussiangroupsaroundLakeOnegaexhibitedunusualburialpatternssuggestingstrategicconcentrationnearreliablefoodsources,whereasScottishcommunitiesabandonedcoastalsettlementsentirely,likelymovinginlandtosurvivetheprolongedcoldperiod.Thisancientclimateeventprovidescrucialinsightsintohumanresponsestoenvironmentalcrises.Asresearchersemphasize,the8.2kaeventservesasacriticalcasestudyforunderstandinghowmodernsocietiesmightaddresscontemporaryclimatechallenges,demonstratingthathumanadaptabilityremainsessentialforsurvivalinchangingenvironments.[课标变化]2025课标新变化：构建人类命运共同体，契合新课标话题导向革新本阅读聚焦“古代气候危机与人类适应性”这一深度议题，契合2025课标关注全球性议题的导向变化。同时，语篇以8.2千年气候事件为切入点，融合考古学、地理学跨学科知识，探讨人类面对环境挑战的多元适应策略，最终关联当代气候危机应对策略，既呼应了新课标中增加全球性问题、跨学科融合的话题拓展要求，又凸显人类命运共同体意识的价值引领。【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了8200年前的重大气候突变及其对人类社会的影响。8．Whatwasonemajorgeographicaleventduringthe8.2kaevent？()A．Theformationofanewlandmass.B．Scotland'sbreakingofffromNorway.C．Atsunamibroughtbytemperaturedrop.D．Britain'ssplitfromContinentalEurope.解析：D细节理解题。根据第一段中的“thebreakawayofaScotland-sizedlandmass...frommainlandEurope”可知，8.2千年事件带来的影响之一是一块苏格兰大小的陆地从挪威大陆架上分离出来，引发了一场巨大的海啸，完成了英国与欧洲大陆的地理分离。故选D。9．WhatwastheoverallresearchmethodofSchulting'sstudy？()A．Analysisofarchaeologicalfindings.B．Cross-disciplinarydatacorrelation.C．Computer-simulatedclimatemodeling.D．Comparisonwithformerresearch.解析：B推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Schulting'scomprehensivestudy...andsouthernSiberia”可知，Schulting的综合研究比较了欧洲西北部和西伯利亚南部的考古证据和环境记录。据此可以推断，Schulting进行了考古学与环境学的跨学科研究。故选B。10．Whatdothevariedadaptationstrategiessuggest？()A．Strategiesreliedonresources.B．Coastalfoodbecamelacking.C．Wateraccessboostedsurvival.D．Customssignaledsurvivaladvantage.解析：A推理判断题。根据第四段内容可知，不同地区居民生存策略不同，这取决于他们拥有的资源。故选A。11．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext？()A．AnAncientTsunamiIsolatedBritainB．OriginsandEffectsofthe8.2KaEventC．Stone-AgeDietsBeatingClimateChangesD．AncientLessonsforModernClimateCrises解析：D标题归纳题。本文第一段介绍了8.2千年事件及其带来的影响，第二段讲到北半球一些地区的人们主动适应环境变化；第三、四段则讲到了RickSchulting研究的方法和适应策略的地区差异性，最后一段表明8.2千年事件为人类应对环境危机提供了重要的见解，故D项“应对现代气候危机的古代经验”能够很好地概括全文，适合作本文的标题。Ⅱ.阅读七选五(每小题2.5分)(2025·沈阳市质量监测)Earthquakesareunpredictablenaturaldisastersthatca