2025年下半年广东佛山全国英语等级考试（PETS）四级练习试题库

2025年下半年广东佛山全国英语等级考试（PETS）四级练习试题库SectionIListeningComprehensionDirections:ThissectionisdesignedtotestyourabilitytounderstandspokenEnglish.Thetranscriptisprovidedbelowforyoutoreadandanalyzebeforeansweringthequestions.Readthetranscriptcarefullyandthenchoosethebestanswerforeachquestion.Transcript:Welcometotoday’sseminaronsustainableurbandevelopment.Ourfocustodayistheintegrationofgreenspacesintomodernmetropolitanplanning.Ascitiesexpand,thenaturallandscapeisoftenreplacedbyimpermeablesurfaces,leadingtotheurbanheatislandeffect.Byincorporatingrooftopgardensandverticalforests,citiescanmitigatethisphenomenon.Furthermore,thesegreeninfrastructuresactasnaturalwaterfiltrationsystems,reducingtheburdenonmunicipaldrainagenetworksduringheavyrainfall.Itisessentialthatfutureurbanpoliciesmandateaspecificratioofgreenspacetobuiltenvironment.Meanwhile,thecorporatesectorisalsoplayingapivotalrole.ManymultinationalcorporationsareadoptingEnvironmental,Social,andGovernance(ESG)criteriatoevaluatetheiroperationalfootprint.Acorecomponentofthisisthetransitiontowardsacirculareconomy.Insteadofthetraditionallinearmodelof"take,make,dispose,"companiesarenowredesigningtheirsupplychainstoemphasizerecyclingandreusability.RecentstudiesindicatethatfirmswithrobustESGframeworksnotonlybenefittheenvironmentbutalsodemonstratehigherfinancialresilienceduringmarketdownturns.Thesynergybetweenecologicalpreservationandeconomicviabilityisnolongeratheoreticalconcept;itisapracticalnecessity.Finally,letusconsidertheroleofindividualcitizens.Micro-levelactions,suchascommunitycompostingandtheutilizationofpublictransit,aggregateintosignificantmacro-levelimpacts.Datashowsthatifacity’spopulationincreasespublictransitridershipbymerelytenpercent,carbonemissionscoulddropbyΔC=P×ΔT×1.Whatistheprimarycauseoftheurbanheatislandeffectmentionedinthetalk?A.Highpopulationdensityincitycenters.B.Theextensiveuseofimpermeablesurfacesreplacingnaturallandscapes.C.Theemissionofgreenhousegasesfrompublictransitsystems.D.Thelackofmunicipaldrainagenetworks.2.Accordingtotheseminar,howdogreeninfrastructuresassistinwatermanagement?A.Bygeneratingadditionalfreshwaterforconsumption.B.Bycompletelyreplacingthemunicipaldrainagenetworks.C.Byactingasnaturalwaterfiltrationsystemstoreducedrainageburden.D.Bystoringrainwaterforagriculturaluseinruralareas.3.Whatisacorecomponentofthecorporatesector'sESGframeworkmentionedbythespeaker?A.Maximizingshareholderdividendsthroughcost-cutting.B.Transitioningfromalineareconomytoacirculareconomy.C.Expandingmunicipalgreenspacesforemployees.D.Investingheavilyinpublictransitinfrastructure.4.WhatdoesthespeakersuggestaboutcompanieswithstrongESGframeworks?A.Theyoftensufferfinanciallyduringmarketdownturns.B.Theyareimmunetoenvironmentalregulations.C.Theytendtoexhibithigherfinancialresilienceineconomiccrises.D.Theyprioritizeenvironmentalbenefitsovereconomicviabilitycompletely.5.WhatdoestheformulaΔCA.Thetotalcostofpublictransitperyear.B.Thereductionincarbonemissionsduetoincreasedpublictransitridership.C.Thetotalpopulationsizerequiredtoreduceemissionsbytenpercent.D.Thedailyemissionfactorofasinglevehicleinthecity.SectionIIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblank.Theconceptofemotionalintelligence(EQ)hasgarneredsignificantattentioninbothacademiccirclesandcorporateboardrooms.UnliketheIntelligenceQuotient(IQ),whichprimarilymeasurescognitiveabilities,EQencompassestheabilitytorecognize,understand,andmanageourownemotions,6thoseofothers.Inanincreasinglyinterconnectedandglobalizedworld,technicalskillsalonearenolonger7toguaranteeprofessionalsuccessoreffectiveleadership.ResearchindicatesthatleaderswithhighEQarebetter8tonavigatethecomplexitiesofinterpersonalrelationshipsintheworkplace.Theyarecapableoffosteringanenvironmentoftrustandpsychologicalsafety,which9teaminnovationandproductivity.Whenaleadercanaccuratelyreadtheemotional10ofaroom,theycanadjusttheircommunicationstyleaccordingly,preventingminormisunderstandingsfromescalatingintomajorconflicts.Furthermore,emotionalintelligenceplaysacrucialroleinstressmanagement.Modernprofessionalsarefrequently11withhigh-pressuresituationsandtightdeadlines.Individualsequippedwithrobustemotionalregulationstrategiesarelesslikelytoexperience12.Insteadofsuccumbingtoanxiety,theycanmaintaintheircomposureandmakerationaldecisions13duress.Thedevelopmentofemotionalintelligenceisnotafixedtrait;itcanbe14throughoutone'slife.Techniquessuchasmindfulnessmeditationandreflectivejournalinghavebeenshowntoenhanceself-awareness,whichisthe15ofEQ.Bydedicatingtimetointrospection,individualscanidentifytheiremotionaltriggersandgraduallyaltertheirreactivebehaviors.16,organizationsareincreasinglyincorporatingEQassessmentsintotheirhiringprocesses.Theyrecognizethatanemployee's17tocollaborateandadaptisoftenmorevaluablethantheirpurelytechnical18.Inconclusion,whilecognitiveabilitiesremainimportantforproblem-solving,emotionalintelligenceprovidestheessentialframeworkforapplyingthoseabilities19.Aswemovetowardsafuturedominatedbyautomationandartificialintelligence,thedeeplyhumancapacityforempathyandemotionalconnectionmay20ourmostdistinctcompetitiveadvantage.6.A.excludingB.alongsideC.aswellD.including7.A.sufficientB.requiredC.necessaryD.present8.A.equippedB.providedC.disposedD.allowed9.A.impedesB.diminishesC.fostersD.restricts10.A.climateB.weatherC.atmosphereD.temperature11.A.facedB.encounteredC.confrontedD.met12.A.breakdownB.breakthroughC.breakoutD.breakup13.A.underB.belowC.inD.within14.A.cultivatedB.createdC.inventedD.manufactured15.A.peakB.pinnacleC.foundationD.ceiling16.A.ThereforeB.HoweverC.ConsequentlyD.Besides17.A.capacityB.capabilityC.aptitudeD.competency18.A.expertiseB.experiencesC.backgroundsD.qualifications19.A.effectivelyB.affectivelyC.effectD.affected20.A.remainB.retainsC.maintainD.sustainSectionIIIReadingComprehensionPartA:Readthefollowingtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,C,orD.Text1Theadventofquantumcomputingmarksaparadigmshiftincomputationalcapability.Unlikeclassicalcomputers,whichusebitsrepresentingeither0or1,quantumcomputersutilizequantumbits,orqubits.Throughaphenomenonknownassuperposition,qubitscanexistinmultiplestatessimultaneously.Thisallowsquantumcomputerstoprocessvastamountsofdataatspeedsunattainablebyclassicalmachines.Oneofthemostpromisingapplicationsofquantumcomputingliesinthefieldofcryptography.Currentencryptionmethods,suchasRSA,relyonthemathematicaldifficultyoffactoringlargeprimenumbers.AclassicalcomputerwouldtakethousandsofyearstobreakastandardRSAencryption.However,asufficientlypowerfulquantumcomputer,utilizingShor'salgorithm,couldtheoreticallyaccomplishthisinamatterofhours.Thisposesasignificantthreattocurrentdatasecurityinfrastructuresglobally.Tocounterthisimpendingthreat,researchersaredevelopingpost-quantumcryptography(PQC).Thesenewcryptographicalgorithmsaredesignedtobesecureagainstbothquantumandclassicalcomputers.ThetransitiontoPQCisamonumentalundertaking,requiringtheoverhaulofexistingdigitalcommunicationsystemsworldwide.Whilequantumcomputingisstillinitsnascentstages,itspotentialtodisruptbothtechnologicalandsecuritylandscapesisundeniable.Expertsemphasizethatorganizationsmustbeginpreparingforthepost-quantumeratoday,asthethreatisoftendescribedas"harvestnow,decryptlater,"whereadversariesarecurrentlycollectingencrypteddatatodecryptitoncequantumcomputersbecomeviable.21.Whatistheprimarydifferencebetweenclassicalcomputersandquantumcomputers?A.Classicalcomputersprocessdatafaster.B.Quantumcomputersusequbitsthatcanexistinmultiplestatessimultaneously.C.Quantumcomputersrelyonprimenumbersforbasicoperations.D.Classicalcomputersusesuperpositionfordataprocessing.22.WhyisShor'salgorithmmentionedinthetext?A.Itisanewmethodforencryptingclassicaldata.B.Itisamathematicalrulethatmakesquantumcomputerssafer.C.Itdemonstrateshowquantumcomputerscouldbreakcurrentencryptionquickly.D.Itisusedtofactorsmallprimenumbersonclassicalcomputers.23.Whatisthemainpurposeofpost-quantumcryptography(PQC)?A.Toincreasethespeedofquantumcomputers.B.Tocreateencryptionthatissecureagainstbothquantumandclassicalcomputers.C.Toreplaceclassicalcomputerswithquantumcomputers.D.Toharvestencrypteddataforfuturedecryption.24.Whatdoesthephrase"harvestnow,decryptlater"imply?A.Adversariesarecurrentlycollectingencrypteddatatodecryptwhenquantumcomputersbecomeavailable.B.Quantumcomputersarecurrentlybeingusedtodecryptclassicaldata.C.OrganizationsshouldharvestdatanowbeforetransitioningtoPQC.D.PQCalgorithmsarecurrentlybeingharvestedbyadversaries.25.Whatistheauthor'stoneregardingthedevelopmentofquantumcomputing?A.Completelydismissiveofitsimpact.B.Highlyoptimisticaboutitsimmediatecommercialapplications.C.Cautious,emphasizingitsdisruptivepotentialandtheneedforpreparation.D.Indifferenttothechallengesofdatasecurity.Text2Theconceptofuniversalbasicincome(UBI)hastransitionedfromautopianeconomictheorytoasubjectofseriouspolicydebate.UBIisarecurring,unconditionalcashpaymentgiventoallcitizensregardlessoftheiremploymentstatusorwealth.Proponentsarguethatitservesasanessentialsafetynetinanerawhereautomationthreatenstodisplaceasignificantportionoftheworkforce.Byprovidingaguaranteedincomefloor,UBIaimstoeradicateextremepovertyandgiveindividualsthefreedomtopursueeducation,caregiving,orentrepreneurialventureswithouttheconstantpressureofbasicsurvival.However,criticsofUBIraisesubstantialconcernsregardingitseconomicfeasibilityandpotentialunintendedconsequences.Themostprominentobjectionistheastronomicalcost.FinancinganationwideUBIwouldrequiremassivetaxincreasesorseverecutstoexistingsocialwelfareprograms.Furthermore,opponentsarguethatanunconditionalincomemightdisincentivizework,leadingtoashrinkinglaborforceandastagnanteconomy.Theysuggestthathumansderivepurposeandsocialcohesionfromtheiroccupations,andremovingtheeconomicnecessitytoworkcouldhavedetrimentalpsychologicaleffectsonsociety.Pilotprogramsinvariouscountrieshaveyieldedmixedresults.Insometrials,recipientsreportedimprovedmentalhealthandaslightincreaseinentrepreneurialactivity,withonlyanegligiblereductioninemployment.Inothers,thefundswereinsufficienttoliftpeopleoutofpoverty,andinflationwithinlocalmarketserodedthepurchasingpowerofthebasicincome.Thedebateultimatelyhingesonafundamentalphilosophicalquestion:whethersocietycanaffordthefinancialcostofUBI,orwhetheritcanaffordnottoimplementitgiventheimpendingdisruptionsofthetechnologicalage.26.Accordingtothepassage,whatisoneofthemainargumentsinfavorofUBI?A.Itencouragespeopletoworklongerhours.B.Iteliminatestheneedforallsocialwelfareprograms.C.Itprovidesasafetynetagainstjobdisplacementcausedbyautomation.D.Itensuresthatallcitizensareemployed.27.WhatistheprimaryeconomicconcernofUBIcritics?A.Thepotentialforhyperinflationinlocalmarkets.B.Themassivecostandtheneedforsignificanttaxincreasesorwelfarecuts.C.Thelackofpsychologicalbenefitsforrecipients.D.Theoverabundanceofentrepreneurialventures.28.HowdidrecipientsinsomepilotprogramsreacttoUBI?A.Theystoppedworkingcompletely.B.Theyexperiencedimprovedmentalhealthandslightentrepreneurialgrowth.C.Theydemandedhigherpaymentstocombatinflation.D.Theyusedthefundstoreplaceexistingwelfareprogramsentirely.29.Whatdoestheword"disincentivize"inthesecondparagraphmostlikelymean?A.Toencouragesomeonetodosomething.B.Tomakesomeonelesswillingtodosomething.C.Toprovidefinancialassistance.D.Toeliminatejobsthroughautomation.30.Whatisthecentralquestionattheendofthepassage?A.Whetherautomationwillactuallydisplaceworkers.B.WhetherUBIshouldbetestedinlocalmarketsbeforenationwideimplementation.C.WhethersocietycanbearthefinancialburdenofUBIormustimplementitduetofuturedisruptions.D.WhethertaxesshouldbeincreasedtofundUBI.Text3Deepwork,atermcoinedbycomputerscienceprofessorCalNewport,referstotheabilitytofocuswithoutdistractiononacognitivelydemandingtask.Itisastateofflowwhereanindividualpushestheircognitivecapabilitiestotheirlimit.Newportarguesthatthecapacitytoperformdeepworkisbecomingincreasinglyrareinoureconomy,yetitissimultaneouslybecomingmorevaluable.Themodernworkplaceisfraughtwithinterruptions.Emails,instantmessaging,andsocialmedianotificationsconstantlyfractureourattention.Thisconstantcontext-switchingleadsto"shallowwork,"whichconsistsoflogistical,non-cognitivelydemandingtasks.Whileshallowworkisinevitable,anover-relianceonitdegradesourabilitytoconcentratedeeply.Theneurologicalreasonforthisisthatattentionisamuscle;everytimewecheckanotification,wearetrainingourbraintocravedistraction,makingdeepfocusincreasinglydifficult.Thebenefitsofdeepworkextendbeyondmereproductivity.AccordingtotheformulaU=(whereUrepresentsthetotalutilityorqualityofoutput,istheweightorimportanceofthetaskattimet,andisthecognitiveresourceallocated),individualswhoallocatehighcognitiveresourcestohigh-weighttasksgeneratedisproportionatelygreatervalue.Furthermore,engagingindeepworkprovidesaprofoundsenseoffulfillment.Itrequiresmasteryanddeliversasatisfyingfeedbackloop,contrastingsharplywiththefleetingdopaminehitsofdigitaldistractions.Tocultivatedeepwork,individualsmustactivelyscheduleuninterruptedblocksoftime,eliminatedigitaldistractions,andembraceboredomratherthanreachingforasmartphoneatthefirstsignofinactivity.31.AccordingtoCalNewport,whyisdeepworkbecomingmorevaluable?A.Becausethemodernworkplaceisfraughtwithinterruptions.B.Becausecognitivecapabilitiesarephysicallydegrading.C.Becauseshallowworkisnolongernecessaryintheeconomy.D.Becausedigitaldistractionshaveimprovedourattentionspans.32.Whatistheprimarycauseof"shallowwork"?A.Thelackofcognitivelydemandingtasksintheeconomy.B.Theconstantinterruptionsandcontext-switchingfromdigitaltools.C.Theover-schedulingofuninterruptedblocksoftime.D.Theabsenceofinstantmessagingintheworkplace.33.WhatdoestheformulaU=A.Allocatingmorecognitiveresourcestoimportanttasksproducesexponentiallygreatervalue.B.Totalutilityissolelydependentonthetimespentonatask.C.Distractionsincreasetheweightofthetaskovertime.D.Shallowworkgeneratesmoreutilitythandeepwork.34.Howdoestheauthordescribetheneurologicaleffectofconstantlycheckingnotifications?A.Itstrengthenstheattentionmuscle.B.Itimprovescognitivecapabilities.C.Ittrainsthebraintocravedistraction.D.Ithasnolong-termeffectonfocus.35.Whichofthefollowingisarecommendedstrategyforcultivatingdeepwork?A.Embracingdigitaldistractionstoimprovemultitasking.B.Reachingforasmartphoneduringmomentsofboredom.C.Schedulinguninterruptedblocksoftimeandeliminatingdigitaldistractions.D.Prioritizingshallowworktosavecognitiveresources.PartB:ReadthefollowingtextandcompletethegapsbychoosingthemostappropriateparagraphfromthelistA-G.Therearetwoextraparagraphswhichyoudonotneedtouse.Text4:ThePsychologyofHabitFormationHabitsaretheinvisiblearchitectureofdailylife.Researchsuggeststhatabout40percentofourdailyactionsarenotactualdecisions,buthabits.Understandinghowhabitsareformedandchangedisthereforecrucialforpersonaldevelopment.Thehabitloopconsistsofthreecorecomponents:thecue,theroutine,andthereward.Thecueisthetriggerthatinitiatesthebehavior.36._____________.Finally,therewardisthepositivereinforcementthattellsyourbraintorememberthisspecificloopinthefuture.Tochangeanundesirablehabit,onecannotsimplyextinguishthecueorthereward.Instead,psychologistsrecommendkeepingtheoldcueanddeliveringtheoldreward,butinsertinganewroutine.37._____________.Forexample,ifthecueisstress,theroutineiseatingjunkfood,andtherewardistemporaryrelief,onemustfindanalternativeroutine,suchastakingawalk,thatprovidesasimilarsenseofrelief.38._____________.Thisistheconsciousdecisiontoactonthecueandroutine.Beliefisoftenfosteredthroughgroupdynamics;whenindividualsseeotherssuccessfullyadoptingnewhabits,theirownbeliefinthepossibilityofchangeincreases.Furthermore,theenvironmentplaysacriticalroleinhabitformation.39._____________.Byremovingcuesforbadhabitsandmakingcuesforgoodhabitsmorevisible,individualscansignificantlyincreasetheirchancesofsuccessfulhabitchange.Forinstance,keepingrunningshoesbythedoorservesasavisualcuetoexercise.Ultimately,habitchangeisnotasuddenrevolutionbutagradualevolution.Consistencyovertimeleadstotheautomationofthenewbehavior,eventuallyreplacingtheoldneuralpathways.40._____________.Paragraphstoinsert:A.However,identifyingthecue,routine,andrewardisofteninsufficientforlastingchange.B.Theroutineisthephysicalormentalactionyoutake.C.Thisrequiresaconsciousawarenessoftheexistinghabitloopbeforeitcanbemodified.D.Environmentaldesigncanmakecertainbehaviorseasierorhardertoperform.E.Therewardmustbeintrinsicallymotivatedtobeeffectiveoverthelongterm.F.Thisdemonstratesthatwhilewillpowerisnecessaryinitially,itsrolediminishesasthenewhabitbecomesautomatic.G.Peopleoftenunderestimatethepowerofrewardsinshapingtheirdailyroutines.SectionIVWritingPartA:PracticalWriting(Application/Email)Directions:Youarepreparingtoapplyforamaster'sprograminDataScienceatanoverseasuniversity.WriteanemailtoProfessorSmith,theheadoftheadmissionscommittee,toinquireabouttheprogramdetails,researchopportunities,andthepossibilityofascholarship.Youshouldwriteapproximately100words.Donotsignyourownnameattheendoftheemail.Use"LiMing"instead.PartB:EssayWritingDirections:Writeanessayof160-200wordsbasedonthefollowingchartandprompt.Thechartbelowillustratesthechangesinthepreferredmethodsofreadingamongadultsinacertaincityfrom2010to2020.Thedatashowsthattheproportionofphysicalbookreadershasdeclinedfrom≈70to≈40,whiletheproportionofdigitalreaders(e-booksandaudiobooks)hasrisenfrom≈30SectionVTranslationDirections:ReadthefollowingtextcarefullyandtranslatetheunderlinedsentencesintoChinese.Therapidadvancementofartificialintelligence(AI)hassparkedaglobaldebateregardingitsimpactonthefutureofwork.(41)WhileAIpromisestorevolutionizeindustriesbyincreasingefficiencyandreducinghumanerror,italsoraisessignificantconcernsaboutjobdisplacement.(42)Historically,technologicalrevolutionshavecreatedmorejobsthantheydestroyed,butthetransitionperiodisoftenpainfulfortheworkforce.(43)WhatsetstheAIrevolutionapartisthespeedatwhichitisautomatingcognitivetasks,whichwerepreviouslythoughttobeexclusivelyhumandomains.(44)Toprepareforthisshift,educationalinstitutionsmustpivotfromrotememorizationtofosteringcriticalthinkingandemotionalintelligence.(45)Furthermore,governmentsmayneedtoexplorepolicieslikeuniversalbasicincomeorlifelongretrainingprogramstoensureeconomicstabilityintheageofautomation.答案与解析SectionIListeningComprehension1.答案：B解析：细节理解题。听力原文中明确提到：“Ascitiesexpand,thenaturallandscapeisoftenreplacedbyimpermeablesurfaces,leadingtotheurbanheatislandeffect.”（随着城市扩张，自然景观经常被不透水表面所取代，从而导致城市热岛效应）。选项B“广泛使用取代自然景观的不透水表面”与原文表述一致。A项城市人口密度高未提及；C项公共交通温室气体排放并非热岛效应的原因；D项是缺乏排水网络，与热岛效应无关。2.答案：C解析：细节推断题。原文提到：“thesegreeninfrastructuresactasnaturalwaterfiltrationsystems,reducingtheburdenonmunicipaldrainagenetworksduringheavyrainfall.”（这些绿色基础设施作为天然的过滤系统，在暴雨期间减轻了市政排水网络的负担）。选项C“作为天然水过滤系统减轻排水负担”完美概括了这一功能。A项“产生额外淡水”未提及；B项“完全取代排水网络”过于绝对且与原文“减轻负担”矛盾；D项“为农村农业储存雨水”无中生有。3.答案：B解析：细节理解题。原文在提及ESG框架后指出：“Acorecomponentofthisisthetransitiontowardsacirculareconomy.”（其核心组成部分是向循环经济的过渡）。选项B“从线性经济向循环经济过渡”直接对应原文。A项“通过削减成本最大化股息”与ESG理念背道而驰；C项“扩大员工市政绿地”和D项“投资公共交通”均非ESG核心组件的原文表述。4.答案：C解析：事实细节题。原文提到：“firmswithrobustESGframeworksnotonlybenefittheenvironmentbutalsodemonstratehigherfinancialresilienceduringmarketdownturns.”（拥有稳健ESG框架的公司不仅有利于环境，而且在市场低迷时期表现出更高的财务韧性）。选项C“在经济危机中往往表现出更高的财务韧性”为原文同义替换。A项“财务受损”与原文相反；B项“免受法规约束”未提及；D项“完全优先环境利益而非经济可行性”过于绝对，原文强调的是两者的协同作用。5.答案：B解析：推理判断题。原文在介绍个体公民作用时提出公式：“ifacity’spopulationincreasespublictransitridershipbymerelytenpercent,carbonemissionscoulddropbyΔC=PSectionIIUseofEnglish6.答案：B解析：词汇逻辑题。句意：EQ包含识别、理解和管理我们自己情绪的能力，以及他人的情绪。空前有自己的情绪，空后是别人的情绪。excluding意为“排除”；alongside意为“与...一起/以及”，符合逻辑；aswell不能作连词连接名词短语；including意为“包含”，但前面已经有“encompasses”表示包含，语意重复。选择B最恰当。7.答案：A解析：上下文语境题。句意：在一个日益互联和全球化的世界里，仅靠技术技能已经不足以保证职业成功或有效的领导。sufficient意为“足够的”，besufficienttodosth为固定搭配，意为“足以做某事”。required“被要求的”；necessary“必要的”；present“出席的”，均不符合语境。8.答案：A解析：固定搭配题。句意：研究表明，高情商的领导者能更好地应对职场人际关系的复杂性。beequippedtodosth意为“有能力/准备做某事”。provided“提供”；disposed“处理”；allowed“允许”，均不适用此搭配。9.答案：C解析：动词词义辨析题。句意：他们能够营造一个信任和心理安全的环境，这促进了团队创新和生产力。fosters意为“促进，培养”，符合语境。impedes“阻碍”；diminishes“减少”；restricts“限制”，均与语境相反。10.答案：A解析：习惯用语题。句意：当领导者能够准确读懂房间的“情绪气候”时，他们可以相应地调整沟通方式。climate在此处引申为“氛围，基调”，emotionalclimate意为“情绪氛围”，是心理学常用搭配。weather多指天气；atmosphere虽然也指氛围，但emotionalclimate更强调整体情绪状态；temperature在此处不适用。11.答案：C解析：固定搭配题。句意：现代专业人士经常面临高压情况和紧迫的截止日期。beconfrontedwith意为“面临，面对”，通常指面临困难或挑战。faced通常接介词with，但encountered和met在此处不如confronted更能体现“对抗”的压力感。12.答案：A解析：名词形近词辨析。句意：具备强大情绪调节策略的个体不太可能经历精神崩溃。breakdown意为“崩溃，衰竭”，nervousbreakdown/mentalbreakdown为常见搭配。breakthrough“突破”；breakout“突围”；breakup“破裂”，均不符合语境。13.答案：A解析：介词搭配题。句意：他们不会屈服于焦虑，而是能够保持冷静，在压力下做出理性的决定。underduress为固定搭配，意为“在压力下，在胁迫下”。14.答案：A解析：动词词义辨析。句意：情商的发展不是一个固定的特征；它可以在人的一生中被培养。cultivated意为“培养，陶冶”，常用于指代技能、品质的养成。created“创造”；invented“发明”；manufactured“制造”，均不适用于指代内在品质。15.答案：C解析：名词词义辨析。句意：正念冥想和反思性日记等技巧已被证明能增强自我意识，这是情商的基础。foundation意为“基础”，符合上下文逻辑。peak“巅峰”；pinnacle“顶峰”；ceiling“天花板”，均不能表达自我意识作为EQ基石的概念。16.答案：C解析：逻辑连词题。前文提到个人可以通过技巧培养EQ，后文提到组织越来越多地将EQ评估纳入招聘流程。这是前文所述现象的自然结果或推论。Consequently意为“因此，结果”，符合逻辑。Therefore也有因此之意，但通常用于更绝对的因果结论；However表转折；Besides表递进，此处更强调因个人培养重要性带来的组织行为后果，选C最佳。17.答案：A解析：名词词义辨析。句意：他们认识到，员工的协作和适应能力往往比其纯粹的技术专长更有价值。capacity意为“能力，才能”，指内在的潜能或能力。capability多指实际做某事的能力；aptitude多指天资；competency多指胜任力。结合语境，强调与人协作的内在潜能，选A。18.答案：A解析：上下文语境题。与“协作和适应能力”相对的应当是“技术专长”。expertise意为“专长，专业知识”，最符合语境。experiences“经验”；backgrounds“背景”；qualifications“资格”，不如expertise贴切。19.答案：A解析：副词词义辨析。句意：情商为有效应用这些认知能力提供了必要的框架。effectively意为“有效地”，副词修饰动词applying。affectively“情感地”；effect和affected为名词或动词，语法不符。20.答案：A解析：动词词义辨析。句意：随着我们迈向由自动化和人工智能主导的未来，人类深层的同理心和情感联结能力可能仍是我们最显著的竞争优势。remain作系动词，意为“保持，仍然是”，符合句意。retains为及物动词，须接宾语；maintain“维持”，通常接宾语；sustain“维持”，亦为及物动词。SectionIIIReadingComprehensionPartAText121.答案：B解析：细节理解题。第一段指出：“Unlikeclassicalcomputers...quantumcomputersutilizequantumbits,orqubits.Throughaphenomenonknownassuperposition,qubitscanexistinmultiplestatessimultaneously.”（与使用0或1的经典计算机不同，量子计算机利用量子比特或称qubits。通过叠加现象，qubits可以同时存在于多种状态中）。故选B。22.答案：C解析：推理判断题。第二段提到：“asufficientlypowerfulquantumcomputer,utilizingShor'salgorithm,couldtheoreticallyaccomplishthis[breakingRSAencryption]inamatterofhours.”（一台足够强大的量子计算机，利用Shor算法，理论上可以在几小时内完成破解RSA加密）。因此提及Shor'salgorithm是为了说明量子计算机能多快破解现有加密。故选C。23.答案：B解析：细节理解题。第三段提到：“Thesenewcryptographicalgorithmsaredesignedtobesecureagainstbothquantumandclassicalcomputers.”（这些新的密码算法旨在对量子和经典计算机都安全）。故选B。24.答案：A解析：词义猜测题。第三段末尾解释了“harvestnow,decryptlater”，即“whereadversariesarecurrentlycollectingencrypteddatatodecryptitoncequantumcomputersbecomeviable”（对手目前正在收集加密数据，以便在量子计算机可用时进行解密）。故选A。25.答案：C解析：态度判断题。文章最后一段指出“itspotentialtodisruptbothtechnologicalandsecuritylandscapesisundeniable”以及“organizationsmustbeginpreparingforthepost-quantumeratoday”，作者既承认量子计算的颠覆性潜力，又呼吁及早准备，体现了cautious（谨慎的）态度。A.轻视的；B.极度乐观的；D.漠不关心的，均不符。故选C。Text226.答案：C解析：细节理解题。第一段提到：“Proponentsarguethatitservesasanessentialsafetynetinanerawhereautomationthreatenstodisplaceasignificantportionoftheworkforce.”（支持者认为，在自动化威胁要取代大部分劳动力的时代，它作为一个必要的保障网）。故选C。27.答案：B解析：细节理解题。第二段提到：“Themostprominentobjectionistheastronomicalcost.FinancinganationwideUBIwouldrequiremassivetaxincreasesorseverecutstoexistingsocialwelfareprograms.”（最突出的反对意见是天文数字的成本。为全国性的UBI提供资金需要大幅增加税收或大幅削减现有的社会福利项目）。故选B。28.答案：B解析：细节理解题。第三段提到：“Insometrials,recipientsreportedimprovedmentalhealthandaslightincreaseinentrepreneurialactivity,withonlyanegligiblereductioninemployment.”（在一些试验中，接受者报告心理健康状况有所改善，创业活动略有增加，而就业率只有微不足道的下降）。故选B。29.答案：B解析：词义猜测题。第二段提到：“anunconditionalincomemightdisincentivizework,leadingtoashrinkinglaborforce”，语境表明无条件收入可能让人不愿意工作，从而导致劳动力萎缩。disincentivize意为“使...失去意愿/阻碍”。故选B。30.答案：C解析：主旨推断题。最后一句提到：“whethersocietycanaffordthefinancialcostofUBI,orwhetheritcanaffordnottoimplementitgiventheimpendingdisruptionsofthetechnologicalage.”（社会能否承担UBI的财务成本，或者考虑到即将到来的技术时代颠覆，社会能否承担不实施它的代价）。这正是文章结尾留下的核心问题。故选C。Text331.答案：A解析：细节推断题。第一段提到：“thecapacitytoperformdeepworkisbecomingincreasinglyrareinoureconomy,yetitissimultaneouslybecom