2025年高考英语大二轮-作业46四选一阅读＋完形填空＋语法填空

作业46四选一阅读＋完形填空＋语法填空(分值：40分)Ⅰ.四选一阅读(每小题2.5分，满分10分)(2024·湖南怀化一模)Theworld’slargestapeGigantopithecusblacki(G.blacki)vanishedfromEarthbetween295,000and215,000yearsago，morethan100,000yearsearlierthanoncethought，pushedtoextinctionastheenvironmentarounditshifted，researchersreportedrecentlyinNature.ThefateofG．blacki，twicethesizeofthelargestmodernapesandresemblingasuper-sizedversionofitsclosecousin，theorangutan，haslongbeenamystery.Forabout2millionyears，G.blackiinhabitedalandscapeofforestsandgrassesinwhat’snowsouthernChina.Itleftbehindonlyscatteredremnants：thousandsofteethandfourjawbones，unearthedincavesedimentsintheregion.Toestablishachronology(年表)fortheape’sextinction，paleoanthropologistYingqiZhangoftheChineseAcademyofSciencesinBeijingandhiscolleaguesuseddifferentdatingtechniquestodeterminetheape’shabits，dietandenvironment.Intheteeth，theylookedfordataontheape’sdiet，measuringisotopes(同位素)ofcarbonandoxygenaswellasexaminingtheteethfortinyevidenceofwearandtear—whichcanrevealnotonlydiet，butalsogivehintsofrepeatedbehaviorsandstress.Theteamalsoanalyzedthecavesedimentsbearingthefossils，huntingforfossilpollenandconductingluminescencedating(释光测年)onradioactiveelementswithinthesediments.Theteam’sreconstructionrevealedthataround700,000to600,000yearsago，southernChinashiftedfromitsforestedlandscapetoamoreseasonally-drivenenvironment.Someapes，includingtheorangutans，wereabletoadapttothesechanges.ButG．blackiwasunabletochangerapidlyenough，anditsnumbersslowlydwindledbeforegoingextinct，theteamsuggested.Theassembledevidencetoldaconvincingstorythat“theextinctionofG．blackicoincidedinsouthernChinawithadecreaseofforestcoverandexpansionofsavanna-likeenvironments，”saidHervéBocherens，abiogeologistattheUniversityofTuebingeninGermany.Still，hesaid，documentingtheextinctionofthisspeciesfromthefossilrecordistricky—andit’simpossibletoruleoutthepossibilitythatpocketsofG．blackimayhavelingeredinstill-undiscoveredcavesforlonger.1．WhatcanbeknownaboutG．blackiaccordingtoparagraph2?A．G.blackisharedcertainsimilaritieswiththeorangutan.B．G.blackiwastwiceheavierthanmodernapes.C．G.blackilivedinplacesfullofbasinsanddeserts.D．G.blackimighthavethousandsofteeth.2．WhatdidZhangandhisworkmatesdotofigureoutinformationrelatedtoG．blacki?A．TheycheckedthesituationofG．blacki.B．TheyrepeatedthebehaviorsdonebyG．blacki.C．Theyappliedradioactiveelementstotheanalysisofthecavesediments.D．TheymeasuredisotopesofcarbonandhydrogeninG．blacki’sdiet.3．Whatisthemeaningoftheunderlinedword“dwindled”inparagraph4?A．Increased. B．Reduced.C．Unchanged. D．Multiplied.4．WhatcanwelearnfromBocherens’words?A．Manyhandsmakelightwork.B．Onegoodturndeservesanother.C．Knowledgeadvancesbystepsandnotbyleaps.D．Experiencemustbebought.Ⅱ.完形填空(每小题1分，满分15分)(2024·广东湛江高三二模)Asanassistantmanageratarestaurant，Iencounteredaheart-warmingexperience.Oneday，afatherandhisyoungson1therestaurantandspentaverylongtimelookingthroughthemenu.2，thefathercameupandstartedaskingmeabout3becausehissonwasallergictosomefood.Atsomepoint，theboy，whowasprobablysixorseven，4mealaminated(用薄片覆盖的)cardthatlistedallhisallergies.Theywerealot.Itwas5formetorememberthem，andIdidn’tknowwhattheseasoningmixtureswere，soIaskedtoborrowthe6soIcouldgocheck.He7，andoffIwent.It8thatmanyofourseasoningandsaucescontainedallergensfortheboy.Aftermucheffort，Ifounda9optionforhimandtookextraprecautionsduetohismeatallergy.Thefatherwasgratefulandexplainedtheyhad10tofindsuitablediningoptions.This11thebeginningofaspecialconnection，astheybecame12customers，visitingatleastonceaweek.Thepositive13Ireceivedwasahearteningreminderthatthroughgenuinecareandunderstanding，wecanmakea14.Itreinforcesmycommitmenttoensurethateachguest’sexperienceismemorableandthattheycan15theiruniqueneeds.1．A.entered B．deniedC．noticed D．checked2．A.Formally B．GraduallyC．Immediately D．Eventually3．A.expenses B．ingredientsC．tastes D．quantities4．A.wrote B．drewC．handed D．lent5．A.interesting B．enjoyableC．useless D．impossible6．A.card B．boyC．money D．menu7．A.hesitated B．agreedC．cried D．laughed8．A.cameto B．lookedlikeC．endedup D．turnedout9．A.clever B．cheapC．safe D．new10．A.struggled B．pretendedC．decided D．forgotten11．A.designed B．brokeC．marked D．kept12．A.private B．regularC．normal D．curious13．A.lesson B．presentC．envy D．response14．A.difference B．changeC．sense D．promise15．A.accept B．promoteC．tailor D．dismissⅢ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，满分15分)(2024·湖南益阳三模)ChineseNewYear，alsoknownastheSpringFestivalorLunarNewYear，isavibrantandfestivecelebration1.(mark)thebeginningofthelunarcalendar.Thisannualevent2.______________(root)inChineseculture，symbolizingrenewal，familyreunions，andguidinginofgoodfortune.Thefestivitiestypicallyspan15days,3.colorfulparades，dragonandliondancescrowdingthestreets.Familiescometogetherforplentifulfeasts，exchanginggifts，andpaying4.(respect)toancestors.Theairisfilledwiththesoundsofjoyouslaughterandtraditionalmusic.Oneofthe5.(much)iconicfeaturesofChineseNewYearisthereddecorationsbrighteninghomesandstreets.Redsymbolizesgoodluckand6.(prosper)inChineseculture.Peoplealsoparticipateinthetraditionofgivingandreceivingredenvelopescontainingluckymoney，knownas“hongbao”，as7.gestureofgoodwishandwell-being.AstheYearoftheDragon，LoongYearisparticularlyauspicious，believed8.__________________(bring)strength，vitality，andsuccess.Peopleacrosstheglobejoininthefestivities，creatingasenseofunityandsharedcelebration.ChineseNewYearisatime-honoredtraditionthat9.(exceed)bordersemphasizingtheimportanceoffamily，culturalheritage,10.thehopefulanticipationofaprosperousyearahead.答案精析Ⅰ.语篇解读本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了研究发现步氏巨猿远比人们所认为的灭绝得更早。1．A[细节理解题。根据第二段中“ThefateofG．blacki，twicethesizeofthelargestmodernapesandresemblingasuper-sizedversionofitsclosecousin，theorangutan，haslongbeenamystery.”可知，步氏巨猿就像放大版的红毛猩猩，即它和红毛猩猩之间有一定相似性，故选A。]2．A[细节理解题。根据第三段中“Toestablishachronology(年表)fortheape’sextinction...todeterminetheape’shabits，dietandenvironment.”可知，为了弄明白步氏巨猿的灭绝时间，张和其团队研究了步氏巨猿的习性、饮食、生活环境等状况，故选A。]3．B[词义猜测题。根据画线词前“ButG．blackiwasunabletochangerapidlyenough”以及画线词后的“beforegoingextinct”可知，步氏巨猿无法足够快地适应变化，其数量应是先慢慢减少，最后灭绝，dwindled意为“减少”，故选B。]4．C[推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Still，hesaid，documentingtheextinction...still-undiscoveredcavesforlonger.”可知，Bocherens对最新研究成果持保守态度，认为根据化石记录弄明白物种灭绝事件很难，并且不能排除一些步氏巨猿在尚未被发现的洞穴中存活了更久的可能性，故我们能从中学到：认知是循序渐进的，不能一跃而就，故选C。]Ⅱ.语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了作者作为一家餐厅的助理经理，为对多种食物过敏的小男孩定制菜品的暖心故事。1．A[enter进入；deny否认；notice注意到；check检查。根据下文“spentaverylongtimelookingthroughthemenu”可知，应是先进入餐厅，然后浏览菜单。故选A。]2．D[formally正常地；gradually逐渐地；immediately立即；eventually最后。根据上文可知，这位父亲花了很长时间浏览菜单，所以是最后走过来问问题。故选D。]3．B[expense费用；ingredient材料，成分；taste口味；quantity数量。根据下文“becausehissonwasallergictosomefood”可知，小男孩对一些食物过敏，所以父亲询问的是有关食物材料的问题。故选B。]4．C[write写；draw画；hand递；lend借出。根据下文“Theywerealot.”并结合语境可知，男孩递给作者一张列出所有过敏原的卡片。故选C。]5．D[interesting有趣的；enjoyable令人愉快的；useless无用的；impossible不可能的。根据上文“Theywerealot.”可知，男孩的过敏原很多，所以作者不可能记住它们。故选D。]6．A[card卡片；boy男孩；money钱；menu菜单。根据上文“alaminated(用薄片覆盖的)card”可知，男孩给作者递了一张卡片，作者要求借用卡片以便去核实。card是原词复现。故选A。]7．B[hesitate犹豫；agree答应；cry哭；laugh大笑。根据下文“and