Unit 5 Languages Around the World-2022-2023学年高一英语单元词汇、句型、语法、题型完美精练（人教版201必修第一册）

人教版(2019)英语必修一同步训练UNIT5LanguagesAroundtheWorldPartOne词汇句式一遍过I.阅读障碍词——写出下列单词的汉语意思1.vocabularyn.______________2.systemn.______________3.shelln.______________4.dialectn.______________5.specificadj.______________6.semestern.______________7.subwayn.______________8.apartmentn.______________II.核心四会词——根据汉语写出单词1.____________n.十亿2.____________adj.出生地的；本地的；土著的n.本地人3.____________n.态度；看法4.____________prep.即使；尽管5.____________n.因素；要素6.____________n.符号；象征7.____________n.王朝；朝代8.____________adj.传统的；最优秀的；典型的n.经典作品；名著9.____________n.尊重；关注vt.把……视为；看待10.____________n.文字；符号；角色；品质；特点11.____________n.书法；书法艺术12.____________n.公共事务；事件；关系13.____________n.&vi.斗争；奋斗；搏斗14.____________n.间隔；开口；差距III.拓展延伸词——根据词性和汉语意思写单词1.refervi.提到；参考；查阅vt.查询；叫……求助于→____________n.指称关系；参考2.basevt.以……为据点；以……为基础n.底部；根据→____________adj.基本的；基础的→____________n.基础；根据3.varyvt.&vi.使多样化；变化→____________adj.不同的；各种各样的→____________n.(植物、语言等的)变体；异体；多样化4.globen.球体；地球仪；地球→____________adj.全球的；全世界的5.appreciatevt.欣赏；重视；感激；领会vi.增值→____________n.欣赏；感激；感谢；理解；明白6.equaln.同等的人；相等物adj.相同的；同样的→____________n.平等；相等→____________adv.同样地；相等地；公平地7.describevt.描述；形容；描绘→____________n.描写(文字)；形容8.relatevt.联系；讲述→____________adj.有关系的；有关联的→____________n.关系9.majoradj.主要的；重要的；大的n.主修课程；主修学生vi.主修；专门研究→____________n.大多数；大半10.demandn.要求；需求vt.强烈要求；需要vi.查问→____________adj.要求高的11.begvt.恳求；祈求；哀求→____________n.乞丐→____________n.乞讨IV.重点短语英汉互译(i)课内基础达标1.____________指的是；描述；提到；查阅2.____________浮沉；兴衰；荣辱3.____________与……相关；涉及；谈到4.____________观点；看法5.____________导致6.____________和……有联系7.____________追溯到……8.Chinesecalligraphy____________9.bridgethegapbetweenus____________10.playagreaterroleinglobalaffairs____________(ii)课外拓展延伸1.____________原产于；源于2.____________对……持/采取……的态度3.____________以……为基础；依据……4.____________主修5.____________用……办法；借助……手段6.____________与……有关7.beequaltosth/doingsth____________8.bein(great)demand____________9.shapeone’scharacter____________10.giveadescriptionof...____________11.struggletoone’sfeet____________12.expressone’sappreciationtosb____________V.经典句式过关练(i)课内基础达标——补全句子1.多年来，人们按地域划分，使得书法体系发展成了不同的形式，从而导致多种方言和汉字的形成。(Itwasatimewhen...；v.-ing形式作结果状语)Overtheyears,thesystemdevelopedintodifferentforms,as____________peopleweredividedgeographically,____________manyvarietiesofdialectsandcharacters.2.这一书写体系对于团结中国人民和中国文化具有重要意义。(beof＋抽象名词)Thatwritingsystem_______________________inunitingtheChinesepeopleandculture.3.我对一门语言学得越多，我的智力就增长得越快。(the＋比较级...the＋比较级...)____________Ilearntofalanguage,____________mybrainwouldgrow.4.即使在今天，不论住在哪里，也不论说何种方言，中国人都仍能通过书写(文字)进行交流。(nomatterwhere...引导让步状语从句)Eventoday,________________________orwhatdialecttheyspeak,theycanallstillcommunicateinwriting.(ii)课外拓展延伸——补全句子1.这次比赛不仅提高了我们的身体和心理素质，而且还帮助我们建立了积极的生活态度。(attitude)Notonlydidtheraceimproveourphysicalandpsychologicalquality,butitalsohelpedus________________________.2.重要的事情是你选的题目必须与你的研究科目有关。(relate)Themostimportantthingisthatthetopicyouchoosemust________________________.3.每年，谁做的风筝最漂亮，谁就能在风筝节上获奖。(whoever引导名词性从句)Everyyear,________________________willwinaprizeintheKiteFestival.PartTwo核心考点基础练I.词形变化练1.AccordingtotheWorldWildlifeFund,the_______(globe)blackrhinopopulationhasdroppedaslowas5,500,givingtherhinosa“criticallyendangered”status.2.Chinesetea-drinkingculturehasalonghistory_______(date)backtomorethan1,000yearsago.3.Firstofall,IspeakEnglishfluently,________(allow)metocommunicatewithvisitorswithoutdelay.4.Thetextbooksanddictionariescanbeusedas________(refer)bookswhilethemagazinesserveasreadingmaterials.5.Thepositioncallsfor________(relate)experienceinthefieldandgoodskillsatusingcomputers.6.Ecotourismiscommonly_________(regard)aslowimpacttraveltoundisturbedplaces.7.Whateveritis,theresultisafineandvivid_________(describe)ofthepurestofCentralAsiantraditions.8.Thediscoveryofthenewdrugisofgreat________(important)topeoplewhosufferfromhearttrouble.II.固定用法练1.Frommypointofview,weshouldlearntoappreciatelifeandholdapositiveattitudedespitetheups______downs.2.Knowingthatyouarehavingtrouble_______yourmathsandwanttogiveitup,I’mconcernedaboutyou.3.Studentsshouldhaveaproperattitude_______collegebeforethinkingaboutwhichcollegetoattend，andit’snevertooearlytomakenecessarypreparationsforahealthyandmeaningfulcollegeexperience.4.Themoreyouknowaboutourtraditionalculture,the_______(much)youareinterestedinit.5.Herelatedthewholestory______melater,whichmademeveryhappy.6.Lookingahead,heknowsitis_______greatsignificanceforhimtoenterafamousuniversity.7.Itwasatime_______womenwerelookeddownuponandhadnorighttoreceiveeducation.8.Therearevariousreasons________manystudentshavegotintothehabitofstayinguplate.PartThree高考题型强化练I.完形填空ByrdisinhereighthyearofteachingatWilderElementarySchoolinMansfield.ShehastaughtfifthgraderFisherCroneyeveryyearsincehewasinkindergarten.Fisher__1__intheclassbyhelpinginByrd’sclassroomwheneverhehasfreetimeafterclass.Byrdalso__2__Fisher’smother,ShannonCroney,asanacquaintance.Theywouldoccasionallychatattheirboys’baseballgames.ShehadheardthatShannonwashavingsome__3__problems.InJanuary2019Shannonreceivedaroutinebloodtestandfoundherkidneys(肾)werenot__4__normally.Aftergoingthroughastringoftests,doctorscouldnotfigureoutwhatcausedherkidneysto__5__.ButByrddidn’tknowwhatthe__6__wasuntilshesawanonlinepostfromShannon’smotheraroundtheendofDecemberof2019.Itwas__7__tohelpherdaughterfindakidney.Byrddidnot__8__tohelp.InMarch,ByrdlearnedthatsheandShannonwereaclose__9__.Evendoctorswere__10__thattheywerenotrelatedinblood.Byrdwasinthehospitalfor__11__inJune.Shewasnever__12__aboutthetransplant(移植).Actually,shefelthonoredthatherdonationenabledanotherpersontoliveatotally__13__life.Today,bothwomenaredoingwell.Theyareturningtheir__14__toanothermemberoftheircommunity,whoisalsosickand__15__akidneytransplant.1.A.givesin B.standsout C.looksaround D.sitsabout2.A.learned B.met C.taught D.knew3.A.family B.behavior C.communication D.health4.A.functioning B.growing C.forming D.beating5.A.miss B.ache C.fail D.improve6.A.schedule B.issue C.offer D.opportunity7.A.intended B.allowed C.persuaded D.urged8.A.respond B.hesitate C.confirm D.attend9.A.encounter B.relative C.neighbor D.match10.A.excited B.embarrassed C.surprised D.relieved11.A.surgery B.practice C.recovery D.training12.A.curious B.nervous C.certain D.frank13.A.normal B.casual C.strange D.dependent14.A.back B.faith C.attention D.respect15.A.infavorof B.inmemoryof C.inrecognitionof D.inneedofII.语法填空Formuchofhistory,readingwasafairlynoisyactivity.Today,however,themajorityofusreadthewordsinourheadsasif1._________(sit)inalibrary.Recentstudiesprovideampleevidence2.__________theancientartofreadingaloudhasanumberofbenefits,fromhelpingimproveourmemories3.__________strengtheningemotionalbondsbetweenpeople.Accordingtotheresearchontheimpactsofreadingonmemory，peopleconsistentlyrememberwordsandtexts4.____________(well)ifreadingthemaloudthanifreadingthemsilently.Thisphenomenonhasbeennamedthe“productioneffect”,whichmeansthatproducing5._________(write)words—namely,readingthemoutloud—improvesourmemoryofthem.Evenjustsilentlymouthingthewordsmakes6.____________morememorable.Onereasonwhypeoplerememberthespokenwordsbetteristhatitgivesus7._________additionalbasisformemory.Weare8.____________(general)betteratrecallingeventsthatrequireactiveinvolvement.Forinstance,producingawordin9.__________(respond)toaquestionmakesiteasiertoremember.Inatimewhenourinteractionwithothersandthelargeamountofinformationwetakein10.__________(be)alltootransient(转瞬即逝的),perhapsitisworthmakingabitmoretimeforreadingoutloud.III.读后续写阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Anotherdisappointingdaywaspassing，andBryanwasdrivinghisbeat-upoldcarhome.Hewasoutalldaylookingforajob.Itwasgettingdarkandlightsnowwascomingdown,sohealmostdidn’tseetheoldladystandingonthesideoftheroad.Itwasclearthatsheneededhelp.Hepulledupinfrontofherobviouslybrandnewandexpensivecarandgotout.Whilenobodyhadstoppedtohelpforthelasthourandtherewasasmileonhisface，shewasworriedwhenheapproachedher.Hedidn’tlooksafe.Helookedpoorandhungry.Hecouldseeshewasfrightened，standingoutthereinthecold.Hesaid,“I’mheretohelpyou，ma’am.Whydon’tyouwaitinyourcartokeepwarm？MynameisBryan.”Atyrewasflat.Bryanfetchedtoolsfromhisowncartochangethetyre.Buthehadtogetdirtyandhishandshurt.Ashewastighteninghercar’snuts，sherolleddownthewindow,saidthanksandaskedhimhowmuchsheowedhim.Anyamountwouldhavebeenallrightwithher.Shehadalreadyimaginedalltheawfulthingsthatcouldhavehappenedwithouthishelp.Bryanneverthoughttwiceaboutthemoney.Hetoldherthatifshereallywantedtopayhimback,thenexttimeshesawsomeonewhoneededhelp，shecouldgivethatpersontheassistanceheorsheneeded.Hewaiteduntilshestartedhercaranddroveoff.Ithadbeenacoldanddepressingday,buthefeltgoodasheheadedforhome.Soontheladysawasmallrestaurant.Shewentintogrababitetoeatandwarmupbeforeshemadethelastlegofhertriphome.Thewaitresscameoverwithasweetsmileandbroughtacleantoweltowipeherwethair.Theladynoticedthewaitresswasnearlyeightmonthspregnant(怀孕的).Althoughthewaitresslookedtiredandwalkedpainfullyduetothepregnancy,shestillservedthelady.注意：续写词数应为150左右。Aftertheladyfinishedhermeal,shepaidwithaone-hundred-dollarbill.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Thatnightwhenthewaitressgothomefromwork,shewasthinkingaboutthemoneyandwhattheladyhadwritten.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

答案部分PartOne词汇句式一遍过I.阅读障碍词1.词汇2.体系；制度；系统3.壳；壳状物4.地方话；方言5.特定的；明确的；具体的6.学期7.地铁8.公寓套房II.核心四会词1.billion2.native3.attitude4.despite5.factor6.symbol7.dynasty8.classic9.regard10.character11.calligraphy12.affair13.struggle14.gapIII.拓展延伸词1.reference2.basic;basis3various;variety4.global5.appreciation6.eequality;equally7.description8.related;relation9.majority10.demanding11.beggar;beggingIV.重点短语英汉互译(i)1.referto2.upsanddowns3.relateto4.pointofview5.leadto6.beconnectedwith7.datebackto...8.中国书法9.消除我们之间的距离10.在国际事务中发挥更大作用(ii)1.benativeto2.have/takea(n)...attitudeto/towards...3.bebasedon/upon4.majorin5.bymeansof6.berelatedto...7.等于/胜任(做)某事8.(迫切)需求9.塑造某人的性格10.描写/描述……11.挣扎着站起来12.向某人表达感激之情V.经典句式过关练(i)1.itwasatimewhen;leadingto2.wasofgreatimportance3.Themore;themore4.nomatterwhereChinesepeoplelive(ii)1.buildapositiveattitudetowardslife.2.berelatedtoyourstudies.3.whoevermakesthemostbeautifulkitePartTwo核心考点基础练I.词形变化练1.global2.dating3.allowing4.reference5.related6.regarded7.description8.ImportanceII.固定用法练1.and2.with3.towards/to4.more5.to6.of7.when8.whyPartThree高考题型强化练I.完形填空【语篇解读】本文是记叙文。主要讲述了一位老师在网上看到一个寻找肾源的帖子后，便毫不犹豫地伸出了援助之手，捐赠肾脏的故事。1.B根据空后内容可知，课下Fisher有空时在教室里帮忙，故可推知，Fisher很“突出”。givein“屈服，认输”；standout“突出”；lookaround“环顾”；sitabout“闲坐”。2.D根据空后的“asanacquaintance”可知，Byrd和Fisher的妈妈是熟人，故可推知，她认识Fisher的妈妈。3.D根据下文讲述的Shannon的妈妈为她寻找肾脏可知，Shannon有“健康”问题，她的肾脏不能正常运转(functioning)了。4.A参见上题解析。5.C此处应是医生也弄不明白是什么导致她的肾脏丧失功能。ache“疼痛”；fail“失灵，丧失功能”。6.B根据语境可知，此处表示直到Byrd在网上看到Shannon的妈妈发的帖子，她才知道是什么“问题”。7.A结合空后内容可知，寻找肾脏是这个帖子的目的。beintendedtodosth“目的是……”符合语境。8.B根据下段中的“Actually，shefelthonoredthatherdonationenabledanotherpersontoliveatotally________life”可知，此处应是她毫不犹豫地提供了帮助。9.D根据下段表述的Byrd把肾脏移植给了Shannon可知，Byrd和Shannon的肾脏很“匹配”。10.C根据空后的“theywerenotrelatedinblood”可知，Byrd和Shannon没有血缘关系，但她们的肾脏却很匹配，故医生应是感到“吃惊”(surprised)。relieved“感到宽慰的，放心的”。11.A根据下句中的“thetransplant(移植)”可知，Byrd应是因为手术而在医院。12.B根据下句中的“Actually，shefelthonored”可知，她对这次的移植不感到“紧张”(nervous)。frank“坦率的”。13.A根据常识可知，捐赠肾脏给另一个人，应是能让她过上完全“正常的”生活。14.C根据空后的“anothermemberoftheircommunity，whoisalsosick”可知，此处应是她们两人把“注意力”转向了另一名病人。15.D根据空前的“also”可知，这个病人也“需要”进行肾脏移植。infavorof“赞同，支持”；inmemoryof“纪念”；inrecognitionof“用以肯定”；inneedof“需要”。II.语法填空【语篇解读】本文是说明文。介绍了朗读这一古老的艺术技巧有改善我们的记忆力和加强人与人之间的情感纽带等诸多益处及其原因，并建议人们用更多时间朗读。1.sitting考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处省略了主语和be动词；根据语境可知，此处表示“然而，今天，我们大多数人都像坐在图书馆里一样在脑子里读文字”，这里强调动作正在发生，故用sitting。2.that考查名词性从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导同位语从句，补充说明名词evidence的具体内容，故用that引导该从句。3.to考查介词。“from...to...”为固定搭配，表示“从……到……”。