2025年高考英语大二轮-强化练(十)书评与小说节选

强化练(十)书评与小说节选考情速递：书评是近几年高考出现的新形式，如2023年新高考Ⅰ卷阅读C篇和2020年新高考Ⅰ卷阅读C篇都以书评为载体，而同为教育部考试中心命题的2022年浙江1月卷阅读B篇和2022年全国乙卷阅读B篇也都出现了书评。所以对这种类型的语篇进行适当练习是十分必要的，同时考生在备考时也要关注小说节选。Ⅰ.阅读理解(2023·南京六校联合调研)Formostpeople，moneystillmeansphysicalcashprintedbyasole(唯一的)publicauthority.Yetitmaybeshort－lived,ascashgiveswaytothedigitalizationoffinanceandnewmeansofpaymentmaytakeover.Thebigchangewillhavehugeimpactsonstates,peopleandcompanies.Doesitdomoregoodthanharm?EswarPrasad,aseniorprofessorofInternationalTradePolicyatCornellUniversity,saysinhisbookTheFutureofMoney,itdependsoncentralbanks—whethertheycanembracechangewithoutlosingcontrol.Heinsiststheendofcash—likelywithinadecadeortwo—isrevolutionary.Asforthetrendthatcashisdeclining,MrPrasadexplainsthatitisduetothefactthatmanypeoplebankfromlaptopsandmakepaymentsontheirphones.Bitcoinandotherdigitalmoneyithasinspiredbringaboutamorefundamentalshift,whichmakespaymentspossiblewithouttheneedforatrusted,centralauthority.However,banksremaindominant.Fearingthiscouldmakethemoutofajob,manycentralbanksarebeginningtocatchupwiththepacebydevelopingtheirowndigitalcurrencies—CBDCs,whichwillupgradethefinancialsystem.MrPrasadsaystheyaremoreefficientthancashforsettlingtransactions(交易结算).Theycouldalsoprovidesupporttodigitalpaymentsystemsmanagedbyprivatefirms.Theycouldoffer“unbanked”communitiesaccesstodigitalpaymentsandotherfinancialproducts.Andtheymaymakeiteasiertotrackillegaltransactions.However,MrPrasadfearsCBDCsmaybevulnerable(脆弱的)tohackingandbugs;theycouldkillprivateinnovationandcausetheinstabilitytheyaremeanttoprohibit.Theprivacyoftransactionswillbelost.Healsomanagestomakethefinancialsystemunderstandableandinteresting.Hispatientdescriptionofhowitworksincludesnumbersofwell－researchedexamplesandpersonalanecdotes.【语篇解读】本文是书评。文章主要介绍了康奈尔大学国际贸易政策高级教授EswarPrasad的著作——TheFutureofMoney，书中讲述了随着时代的发展现金交易让位于金融数字化虽带来了一些便利，但也带来了一些不利因素。1.What’sNOTthecauseofcashdecline?A.Thedigitalmoney.B.Thedigitalizationoffinance.C.Thefinancialsystem.D.Thenewmeansofpayment.答案C[细节理解题。根据第一段中的“ascashgiveswayto...maytakeover”可知，随着现金让位于金融数字化，新的支付方式可能会取代现金；根据第三段中的“itisduetothefactthat...bringaboutamorefundamentalshift”可知，用手机支付、比特币和它激发的许多其他数字货币带来了一个更根本的转变。选项C并未提及。]2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“they”inparagraph4referto?A.Centralbanks. B.Bills.C.Companies. D.CBDCs.答案D[代词指代题。根据第三段最后一句话“manycentralbanks...digitalcurrencies—CBDCs”可知，许多央行开始通过开发自己的数字货币来赶上这一步伐，由此可知，第四段第一句话中的“theyaremoreefficientthancashforsettlingtransactions(交易结算)”表示在交易结算方面，央行的数字货币比现金更有效率，故选项D正确，画线词指的是CBDCs。]3.What’sthebenefitofdigitalcurrenciesdevelopedbycentralbanksaccordingtothetext?A.Theycouldkeepprivatefirmsfrominnovating.B.Peoplewithoutbankaccountscanbuyandpayonline.C.Peoplecanbankfromlaptopsandmakepaymentsonline.D.Theymakethefinancialsystemsafeandunderstandable.答案B[细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Theycouldoffer‘unbanked’communitiesaccesstodigitalpaymentsandotherfinancialproducts.”可知，央行开发的数字货币可以为没有银行账户的社区提供使用数字支付和其他金融产品的渠道。]4.Whattypeofwritingisthetext?A.Anewsreport. B.Asciencereport.C.Abookreview. D.Abiography.答案C[文章类型题。本文以现金让位于金融数字化的支付方式开头，引出了康奈尔大学国际贸易政策高级教授EswarPrasad的著作TheFutureofMoney，在书中Prasad教授分析了数字货币支付方式的利与弊。由此可推知，这是一篇书评。](2023·喀什地区一模)AroundtheWorldin80Days—ByJulesVerne“WesetoutforDoverandCalaisintenminutes，”Foggannounced.ApuzzledgrinappearedinPassepartout’sroundface.“Monsieurisgoingtoleavehome？”“Yes，”repliedPhileasFogg.“Wearegoingaroundtheworld.”Passepartout’seyeswidened.Heraisedhiseyebrows,helduphishandsandseemedabouttocollapse.“Roundtheworld！”hemurmured.“Ineightydays，”respondedMr.Fogg.“Sowedon’thaveamomenttolose.”“Butthecases？”gaspedPassepartout.“Wewon’thaveanycases，”Foggreplied.“Onlyabagwithtwoshirtsandthreepairsofstockingsformeinit,andthesameforyou.Bringdownmyraincoatandtravelingcloak,andsomestrongshoes，althoughwewilldolittlewalking.Hurryup！”Passepartouttriedtoreply,buthecouldnot.Hemechanicallybegantomakethepreparationsfordeparture.Aroundtheworldineightydays!Washismasterafool?No.Wasthisajoke,then?TheyweregoingtoDover.Thatwasgood!TheyweregoingtoCalais.Thatwasgoodagain!Afterall,Passepartout，whohadbeenawayfromFranceforfiveyears,wouldn’tbesorrytosetfootinhisowncountryagain.PerhapstheywouldgosomewhereasfarasParis,anditwoulddohiseyesgoodtoseeParisonceagain.Byeighto’clockPassepartouthadpackedthebag.Then,hewentdowntoseeMr.Fogg.Mr.Foggwascompletelyready.Underhisarmwasabookcontainingtimetablesshowingthearrivalanddepartureofsteamboatsandtrains.Hecheckedhisbagcarefullyagainandensuredeverythingheneededwasinit.“Takethisbag，”Foggsaid,handingittoPassepartout.“Takegoodcareofitbecausetherearetwentythousandpoundsinit.”Passepartoutnearlydroppedthebag,asifthetwentythousandpoundshadbeeningoldandalmostweighedhimdown.TheyleftthehouseandattheendofSavilleRowtheytookataxianddroverapidlytoCharingCross.【语篇解读】本文是小说节选。文章节选自法国著名作家儒勒·凡尔纳的代表作《八十天环游地球》，讲述了Fogg先生宣布要用80天环游世界，并让Passepartout做准备，直至二人出发的情形。5.HowdidPassepartoutreacttotheideaofthejourneyatfirst?A.HearguedwithMr.Fogg.B.Hewasquitepuzzled.C.HewasthankfultoMr.Fogg.D.Hewasunhappyaboutit.答案B[细节理解题。根据第一段中的“ApuzzledgrinappearedinPassepartout’sroundface.‘Monsieurisgoingtoleavehome？’”可知，Passepartout一开始对于旅行的想法感到很困惑。]6.Fromthe3rdparagraph,itcanbeinferredthat________.A.Mr.FogghadreadmanybooksB.Mr.FoggwasaslaveownerC.Mr.FoggpaidgreatattentiontodetailsD.Mr.Fogghadalreadypackedforthejourney答案C[推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Underhisarmwas...wasinit.”可知，Fogg先生对细节非常关注。]7.WhatdidPassepartoutfeelpleasedabout?A.ThefactthatMr.Foggwantedhiscompany.B.Thelengthoftimehewouldbeaway.C.Theopportunitiesthejourneywouldgivehim.D.Thepreparationshemadeforthejourney.答案C[推理判断题。根据第二段中的“TheyweregoingtoDover...seeParisonceagain.”可知，Passepartout一想到自己可以去多佛、加来，甚至去巴黎就非常高兴，故C项正确。]8.WhatsurprisedPassepartoutwhenMr.Fogghandedhimthebagofthemoney?A.Mr.Fogg’sattitudetoit.B.Thesizeofthebag.C.Theweightofthemoneyinit.D.Theamountofthemoneyinit.答案D[推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“‘Takegoodcareofit...ingold”可以推断，Passepartout差点把钱袋子掉在地上，对袋子里钱的数目很惊讶。](2023·长沙一中模拟)OnedayBethreceivedapianoasagiftfromherneighborMr.Laurence，whichhadbelongedtohislategranddaughter.Inspiteofhershyness，Bethwasdeterminedtoshowhergratefulness.“You’llhavetogoandthankhim，”saidhersisterbywayofajoke,fortheideaofthechild’sreallygoingneverenteredherhead.“Yes,Imeanto.IguessI’llgonow,beforeIgetfrightenedthinkingaboutit.”And,totheamazementofeveryonepresent,Bethwalkeddeliberatelydownthegarden,throughthefence,andtotheLaurence’sdoor.“Well,IwishImaydieifitisn’tthestrangestthingIhaveeverseen！”criedhersisterHannah,staringafterher,whiletheothergirlsweremadequitespeechlessbyherunexpectedact.TheywouldhavebeenstillmoreamazediftheyhadseenwhatBethdidafterward.Shewentandknockedatthestudydoorbeforeshegaveherselftimetothink.Whenadeepvoicecalledout“Comein”，shedidgoin，rightuptoMr.Laurence,wholookedquitesurprised，andheldoutherhand,saying“Icametothankyou，sir,for...”withonlyasmallquiverinhervoice.Butshedidn’tfinish,forhelookedsofriendlythatsheforgotherspeechand,onlyrememberingthathehadlostthelittlegirlheloved,sheputbotharmsroundhisneckandkissedhim.Theoldgentlemancouldn’thavebeenmoreastonished.Buthelikedit.Oh,dear,yes,helikeditamazingly!Andhewassotouchedandpleasedbythatlittlekissthathejustsetheronhisknee,andlaidhiswrinkledcheekagainstherrosyone,feelingasifhehadgothisownlittlegranddaughterbackagain.Bethdidn’tfearhimfromthatmoment,andsattheretalkingtohimfreelyasifshehadknownhimallherlife,forlovedrivesawayfear,andgratefulnesscandefeatpride.Whenshewenthome,hewalkedwithhertoherowngate,shookhandswarmly,andtouchedhishatashemarchedbackagain,lookinglikeahandsomeandoldgentlemanashewas.【语篇解读】本文是小说节选。有一天，主人公Beth收到邻居Laurence先生赠送给她的一架原属于他过世的孙女的钢琴。尽管很害羞，Beth还是鼓起勇气，向Laurence先生表达了感激之情。9.HowdidtheothergirlsfeelwhenseeingBethwalkingtoMr.Laurence’shouse?A.Relieved. B.Shocked.C.Pleased. D.Terrified.答案B[细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的“And，totheamazementofeveryonepresent”“quitespeechlessbyherunexpectedact”可知，在场的每一个人都很震惊，其他女孩们被Beth的这一行为惊讶到说不出话来。B项的意思为“震惊的，吃惊的”。]10.Whydidn’tBethfinishherspeechwhenshesawMr.Laurence?A.Shewasshyandnervous.B.Shewastooexcitedtospeak.C.Shewasmovedbyhiskindness.D.Shewastooafraidbeforeastranger.答案C[细节理解题。根据文章第四段中的“Butshedidn’tfinish，forhelookedsofriendlythatsheforgotherspeech”可知，Beth没有把话说完，这是因为Laurence先生看起来是如此善良以至于她忘了接下来要说的话。]11.Whatdoestheauthorwanttoexpressmainlyinthistext?A.Weshouldovercomeourinnerfear.B.Loveandgratefulnesscandowonders.C.Weoughttorepaythosewhohelpus.D.Couragecomesfromstrongdetermination.答案B[文章大意题。根据全文内容尤其是第五段中的“forlovedrivesawayfear，andgratefulnesscandefeatpride”可知，通过Beth的故事作者说明了爱和感激驱赶走了恐惧与傲慢。B项“爱与感激能创造奇迹”最能概括文章主旨。]12.Whatisthetext?A.Anovel. B.Adiaryentry.C.Areport. D.Abookreview.答案A[文章类型题。本文主要叙述了一个故事，描述了Beth和Laurence先生之间发生的一件小事，告诉我们爱与感激能够克服恐惧与傲慢，创造奇迹。结合四个选项可知，A选项“小说”正确。]Ⅱ.语法填空(2023·黄冈高三阶段抽测)Afterfinishingonlineclassesathomeduringthepandemic,HongNanjia,16,fromZhixinHighSchoolinGuangzhou,putsonherapron(围裙)andbeginsherone－hourchores.Thensheneedstoshareherfeelingsinadiary1.____________willbehandedintoherteacher.Moststudents2.____________(require)totakepartinthelaborclassonceperweek.SinceSeptember,thelaborclasshasbeenlistedas3.____________officialcourseintheschoollifeofprimaryandmiddleschoolstudents.QianChenyisupportsthispolicy.Hesaidthathestartedthelaborclassduringmiddleschool.Allthestudentswouldgathertoweedtheschoolgarden4.____________watertheplants.AccordingtoQian,hisschoolwouldinviteprofessionalstoprovidethem5.____________practicalskillsfortheirdailylife.“Whensharedbikesbecame6.____________(gradual)popularin2020,studentsweretakentotheparkingspotsandhelpedputthosebikesintotherightplace.Professionalsalso7.____________(show)ushowtofixthebikes，”Qiansaid.“After8.____________(learn)firstaid,studentsvolunteertohelppeoplewhohavehadaccidentsinthewater.”Headdedthatifstudentsfoundaspecifictopic9.___________(attract),theywouldfocusonitandonlytakepartinthelaborclass10.____________(relate)tothattopic.“Throughthelaborclasses,wenotonlyfindourinterestsbutalsobecomemorewell－rounded，”saidQian.【语篇解读】本文是新闻报道。劳动课已经成为中小学生的正式课程。通过劳动学生们不仅找到了自己的兴趣而且发展