【2026】英语词汇与发音测试测试卷及答案

【2026】英语词汇与发音测试测试卷及答案PartIPhoneticPerception(30pts)1.Listentothefollowing15wordsplayedonce.Eachwordisfollowedbythreephonetictranscriptions.Choosethetranscriptionthatexactlymatchesthepronunciationyouhear.WriteA,BorContheanswersheet.(1pt×15=15pts)1.A./ˈkʌmftə/  B./ˈkʌmfətə/  C./kʌmˈfɔːtə/2.A./ˈeksɪt/  B./ˈeɡzɪt/  C./ˈeksaɪt/3.A./ˈθɜːrdeɪ/  B./ˈθɜːzdeɪ/  C./ˈθɜːsdeɪ/4.A./ˈwɪnzdeɪ/  B./ˈwenzdeɪ/  C./ˈwɛnzdeɪ/5.A./ˈʃedjuːl/  B./ˈskedʒuːl/  C./ˈskedjuːl/6.A./ˈvɪzə/  B./ˈviːzə/  C./ˈvaɪzə/7.A./ˈɑːftə/  B./ˈæftər/  C./ˈɑːftər/8.A./ˈkɑːbən/  B./ˈkɑːrbən/  C./ˈkɑːbən/9.A./ˈmɪnɪtʃə/  B./ˈmɪnətʃə/  C./ˈmɪnətʃʊr/10.A./ˈleɪtənt/  B./ˈlætənt/  C./ˈleɪtnt/11.A./ˈkwaɪət/  B./ˈkwaɪt/  C./ˈkwaɪɪt/12.A./ˈɪntrɪst/  B./ˈɪntərɪst/  C./ˈɪntrɛst/13.A./ˈfjuːʃn/  B./ˈfjuːʒn/  C./ˈfʌʒn/14.A./ˈkɒnʃəs/  B./ˈkɒnʃɪəs/  C./ˈkɑːnʃəs/15.A./ˈæθərɪti/  B./əˈθɒrəti/  C./əˈθɔːrəti/2.Stressplacement.Listento10shortsentences.Eachsentencecontainsoneunderlinedword.Decidewhichsyllablecarriestheprimarystressofthatword.Write1,2,3…ontheanswersheet.(1pt×10=10pts)Example:“She’sanin-ter-pre-ter.”→216.“There-cordwasbrokenyesterday.”17.“Theyre-cordeverymeeting.”18.“Thisismypre-sentforyou.”19.“Pre-sentyourIDatthegate.”20.“Theob-jectlayonthefloor.”21.“Iob-jecttothatproposal.”22.“Thecon-victescapedlastnight.”23.“Theycon-victedhiminMay.”24.“Theper-fectscoreis800.”25.“Sheper-fectedheraccentinRome.”3.Minimal-pairdiscrimination.Youwillhear5pairsofwords.Ifthetwowordsareidentical,writeS;ifdifferent,writeD.(1pt×5=5pts)26.ship–sheep27.cart–card28.ten–tan29.code–coat30.pull–poolPartIIVocabularyinContext(40pts)SectionACollocations&Chunks(1pt×15=15pts)Choosethewordorphrasethatbestcompleteseachsentence.31.Thecommitteedecidedtoimposea_____banonsingle-useplastics.A.stringent B.rigid C.stark D.steep32.Aftermonthsofnegotiationtheunionfinallyreacheda_____agreement.A.landmark B.milestone C.watershed D.hallmark33.Thenovel’sproseisso_____thatreadersfeeltheyarebreathingthefoggyairofVictorianLondon.A.palpable B.tangible C.tactile D.perceptible34.Thestart-up’svaluationmayseem_____butitsrevenuegrowthjustifiesthehype.A.inflated B.expanded C.extended D.swollen35.Thenewsatellitewill_____maritimetrafficinrealtime.A.monitor B.survey C.oversee D.scout36.Scientistswarnthattheglacieris_____atanunprecedentedrate.A.receding B.withdrawing C.retreating D.ebbing37.Thespeaker’svoice_____withemotionwhensherecalledtherescue.A.cracked B.snapped C.fractured D.ruptured38.Thecourt_____thedefendant’sclaimasbaseless.A.dismissed B.rebuffed C.refuted D.rebutted39.Thevaccinerolloutwas_____bylogisticalbottlenecks.A.hampered B.hindered C.thwarted D.crippled40.Theeconomisturgedthegovernmentto_____infrastructurespending.A.rampup B.scaleback C.phaseout D.taperoff41.Theauditor’sreportpaintsa_____pictureofthecompany’sfinances.A.bleak B.dreary C.sombre D.dismal42.Thememoiroffersarare_____intotheactor’sturbulentchildhood.A.glimpse B.glance C.peek D.flicker43.Thealgorithmcan_____fakereviewswith96%accuracy.A.detect B.spot C.sense D.recognize44.Theoppositionpartyvowedto_____therulingcoalition’spolicies.A.overturn B.reverse C.repeal D.revoke45.Thejournalistwaspraisedforher_____coverageoftheconflict.A.nuanced B.subtle C.delicate D.refinedSectionBAcademicWordList(1pt×10=10pts)Foreachsentencebelow,choosethecorrectformofthegivenword.46.The_____ofthenewcurriculumtooklongerthanexpected.(implement)47.Climatechangeposesa_____threattobiodiversity.(system)48.Thedatawere_____usingatwo-stepregressionmodel.(analysis)49.Thejudgeemphasizedtheneedfor_____sentencing.(consistent)50.Theresearchlacks_____validity.(empirical)51.Thepolicywas_____regressive.(inherent)52.Theessayfailsto_____thecounter-arguments.(acknowledgement)53.The_____ratehasplateauedsince2022.(expand)54.Thephenomenonisalmost_____intemperatezones.(perceive)55.Thecommitteestressedthe_____ofearlyintervention.(significant)SectionCParaphrase&Precision(1pt×15=15pts)Replacetheunderlinedwordorphrasewiththemostprecisesinglewordthatretainstheexactmeaning.Donotchangethegrammaticalform.56.Theonce-lushdeltaisnowcompletelydry.57.TheCEO’sapologysoundedforcedandnotsincere.58.Thetreatyaimstoreducetheactofgivingweaponstoothercountries.59.Thenewalloyisabletobeshapedwithoutcracking.60.Thereportisfulloftoomanydifficultwordsforlayreaders.61.Thediseaseisabletobepassedfromonepersontoanother.62.Thenovel’splotistoounlikelytobebelieved.63.Thespeakerkeptgoingoffthemaintopicduringthelecture.64.Thefabricisabletocatchfireeasily.65.Thepolicychangewasdonewithoutanywarning.66.Thedatasetistoolargetobehandledbytraditionalsoftware.67.Theremarkwasmeanttohurtsomeone’sfeelings.68.Thevillageisalmostimpossibletoreachinwinter.69.Thecontractwasendedbeforetheagreedtime.70.Thescientistwasverycarefultoavoidmakingmistakes.PartIIIPronunciation&SpellingInterface(20pts)SectionASpelling-to-Sound(1pt×10=10pts)Foreachword,writetheIPAtranscriptionofthepronunciationyouwouldexpecttohearfromaBBCnewsreaderspeakingatnormalspeed.UseBritishconventions.71.lieutenant72.schedule73.controversy74.herb75.aluminium76.garage77.leisure78.epoch79.debris80.poignantSectionBSound-to-Spelling(1pt×10=10pts)YouaregiventheIPA.ProvidethestandardEnglishspelling.Hyphenationnotrequired.81./ˈkɒfɪn/82./ˈbʌfət/(twohomographs;writetheonemeaning“meal”)83./ˈkɜːnəl/84./ˈʃɒn/(Frenchloanmeaning“hatred”)85./ˈeɪprən/86./ˈɒfɪs/(Americanspellingnotaccepted)87./ˈkwaɪətʃuːd/88./ˈfjuːtɪl/(Britishpronunciation)89./ˈɒksɪmɔːn/90./ˈklaɪənt/PartIVLexicalInnovation&Etymology(10pts)Readtheshortpassageandanswerthequestionsthatfollow.Passage“Cli-fi”isa21st-centuryneologismformedbyclipping“climate”andblendingwith“fiction”.Analogousto“sci-fi”,itdenotesfictionalworkswhosenarrativearcisdrivenbyanthropogenicclimatechange.TheearliestOxfordcitationis2008,butcoinerDanBloomclaims2007.Thegenrehasspawnedsub-tags:“solarpunk”(optimisticgreentech),“dustpunk”(ariddystopias),and“floomp”(humorousportmanteauofflood&doom).Lexicographersdebatewhether“floomp”isafadorwillgainlexicographictraction.91.Identifythetypeofword-formationprocessthatproduced“solarpunk”.(1pt)92.Provideonesemanticadvantageoftheclippedform“cli-fi”overthefullphrase“climate-fictionnovel”.(2pts)93.Thepassagestatesthat“floomp”isaportmanteau.Statethetwosourcelexemesandthephonemethatoverlaps.(2pts)94.Explainwhytheplural“floomp-s”ispronounced/fluːmps/ratherthan/flʊmps/.Usetwoarticulatoryarguments.(3pts)94.Explainwhytheplural“floomp-s”ispronounced/fluːmps/ratherthan/flʊmps/.Usetwoarticulatoryarguments.(3pts)95.Predict,withonelinguisticreason,whether“floomp”willpasstheOxfordthresholdforinclusionby2030.(2pts)PartVIntegratedTask(Pronunciation+Vocabulary)(20pts)Youwillheara90-secondlecturesegmenton“phonestheticsymbolism”twice.Whilelistening,takenotes.Thencompletethetasks.A.Beloware10lexicalitemsextractedfromthelecture.Circletheonesyllablethatcarriesprimarystress.(0.5pt×10=5pts)96.cacophony97.mellifluous98.plosive99.sibilant100.euphony101.fricative102.sonorant103.onomatopoeia104.alliteration105.assonanceB.Fillintheblankwiththeexactwordyouhear.Spellingandhyphenationmustbeidenticaltotheaudio.(1pt×5=5pts)106.Theterm“cellardoor”hasbeencitedasoneofthemost_____phrasesinEnglish.107.High-frontvowelslike/iː/tendtoconnote_____andbrightness.108.Theconsonantcluster/sl-/oftenevokes_____motion.109.Thepoetswappedthe/k/soundforasofter/ʃ/toreducetheperceived_____.110.Phonestheticbiascan_____(=bias)lexicaldecisiontimesbyupto40ms.C.Shortanswer(2pts×5=10pts)111.Statethevowelsoundthatthelecturerclaimsisstatisticallyover-representedinbrandnamesforluxurywatches.112.Giveoneexperimentaldisadvantageofusingnoncewordswhentestingphonestheticsymbolism.113.Thelecturermentionsa2024studythatfoundvoicedstopswereratedas“heavier”thanvoicelessstops.Identifythemethodologicalconfoundtheauthorshadtocontrolfor.114.Provideonereasonwhythe/ɡl-/onsetisambiguousbetweenpositiveandnegativeconnotations.115.Thesegmentendswithacautionagainstthe“kiki-boubafallacy”.Explainthefallacyinonesentence.PartVITranslation&Retro-pronunciation(10pts)ThefollowingMiddleEnglishcoupletisfromChaucer’s“Miller’sTale”(c.1390).FirsttranscribeitintoIPAusingLateMiddleEnglishpronunciation(Southerndialect),thentranslateitintoPresent-DayEnglish.Couplet“Whanthattheknighthadthushistaley-told,Inaltheroutenastheryongneold.”116.IPAtranscription(4pts)117.Present-DayEnglishtranslation,keepingoriginalsyntaxasfaraspossible.(2pts)118.StatetwophonologicalfeaturesthatdistinguishthevowelsystemofthisdialectfrommodernRP.(2pts)119.Identifyoneconsonantalchangethathasoccurredintheonsetcluster/kn-/since1400.(1pt)120.Explainwhythenegativeparticle“nas”containsonlyonevowelintheIPAyouprovided.(1pt)AnswerKey&ExplicationPartI1.A(syncopeofschwa)2.B(voicingassimilation)3.C(common/s/variant)4.B(wenzbycoalescence)5.A(BrEˈʃedjuːl)6.B(longvowel)7.C(non-rhotic/ɑː/withlinking/r/)8.C(no/r/inBrE)9.B(schwainsecondsyllable)10.A(IPAshows/eɪ/plussyllabic/n/)11.A(twosyllables)12.A(three-syllablecompression)13.B(voicedʒ)14.A(shortvowel)15.C(BrE/ɔː/infourthsyllable)16.1(noun)17.2(verb)18.1(noun)19.2(verb)20.1(noun)21.2(verb)22.1(noun)23.2(verb)24.1(adjective)25.2(verb)26.D(/ɪ/vs/iː/)27.D(/t/vs/d/final)28.D(/e/vs/æ/)29.D(/d/vs/t/final)30.D(/ʊ/vs/uː/)PartII31.A(stringentbaniscollocation)32.A(landmarkagreement)33.A(palpable=almosttouchable)34.A(inflatedvaluation)35.A(monitortraffic)36.A(recedingglacier)37.A(voicecracked)38.A(dismissclaim)39.A(hamperedby)40.A(rampupspending)41.A(bleakpicture)42.A(glimpseinto)43.A(detectfake)44.C(repealpolicies)45.A(nuancedcoverage)46.liferation59.malleable60.verbose61.transmissible62.implausible63.digressing64.flammable65.abrupt66.unwieldy67.disparaging68.inaccessible69.terminated70.meticulousPartIII71./lefˈtenənt/(BrE)72./ˈʃedjuːl/73./kənˈtrɒvəsi/(stressonsecondsyllable,BrE)74./hɜːb/(silenthinBrE)75./ˌæljʊˈmɪniəm/76./ˈɡærɑːʒ/(primarystressonfirst)77./ˈleʒə/78./ˈiːpɒk/79./ˈdebriː/(final/iː/)80./ˈpɔɪnjənt/(silentg)81.coffin82.buffet83.colonel84.chagrin85.apron86.office87.quietude88.futile89.oxymoron90.clientPartIV91poundblending:“solar”+“punk”(noclipping).92.Cli-fiismnemonic,syllabicallyeconomical,andmedia-friendly.93.flood+doom;overlapping/d/.94.(i)Thevowelisthelonghigh-backtense/uː/,notthelax/ʊ/,becausethegrapheme“oo”signals/uː/beforethelabial/m/.(ii)Thesubsequentlabial/m/andvelar/p/enforceanticipatoryco-articulation,blockingcentralization.95.Frequencyinprintandsocialmediahasdoubledevery18monthssince2020;byZipf-Amdahlmodelsthistrajector