Unit 4 Discovering Useful Structures 语法定语从句课件-2022-2023学年高一英语人教版（2019）必修第一册

定语从句定语从句

CONTENTThat特殊用法关系代词引导的定语从句01概念0203关系副词引导的定语从句041什么是定语定语：acutegirlahandsomeboythemanwithabigsmilethemanthatyoulovethemantalkingtothedoctor修饰限制名词或代词，“……的”前置定语和后置定语1关系词和先行词ZhangSanisasleepyboy.ZhangSancomesfromClass7.ZhangSanisasleepyboywho/thatcomesfromClass7.先行词：boy受定语从句修饰限制的词who/that：关系词(引导词)引导定语从句的词是关系词1关系词引导定语从句的关系词有：关系代词that,which,who(宾格whom,所有格whose)关系副词where、when、why等作用：引导定语从句代替先行词在定语从句中担当一个成分练习：找出下列先行词和关系词1.Twothirdsofthepeoplewholivedthereweredeadorinjured.2.Thenumberofpeoplewhowerekilledorbadlyinjuredinthequakewasmorethan400,000.3.Thearmysentsoldierstodigoutthosewhoweretrapped.Who:指人，主语，宾语4.Themanwhomyouarewaitingforhasgonehome.5.Thegirlwhomyouarelookingforisinred.Whom:指人，宾语练习：找出下列先行词和关系词1.Thereweredeepcracksthatappearedinthewellwalls.2.TheTangshanearthquakewasaterribleexperience(that)myparentscannotforget.3.MyfriendsandItalkedabouttheperson(that)wemetinschool.That:指人或物，做主语，宾语和表语练习：找出下列先行词和关系词1.Thesupplieswhichwereprovidedtothedisasterareawerecollectedfromalloverthecountry.2.TheletterwhichIreceivedyesterdaywasfrommybrother..Which:指物，做主语、宾语3.Iliveintheroomwhosewindowfacesthesouth.4.Theinjuredboywhosemotherwaslostinthedisasterwastakentothehospital.Whose:人或物，做定语2关系代词引导的定语从句-whosewhose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语：1.Iliveintheroomwhose

windowfacesthesouth.2.Theinjuredboywhose

motherwaslostinthedisasterwastakentothehospital.适用条件：从句的主谓宾或主系表是完整的；从句的主语与先行词（主语从属于先行词）构成从属关系（……的）。1什么是定语从句1)Theman

who

livesnexttousisapoliceman.2)Youmustdoeverything

that

Ido.结构：先行词+关系词+从句2关系代词引导的定语从句Iprefershoesthatarecool.Ihaveafriendwhoplayssports.who/that/which在定语从句作主语时，从句谓语动词的单复数跟先行词保持一致。That’swhyyougoawayLoveisonebigillusion____shouldtrytoforget.You’retheone____setitup.I’mtheone_______feelinglostrightnow.Nowyouwantmetoforgeteverylittle_____yousaid.Iwon’tforget_________you’rekissingThefeelingssostrongwilllastforsolongButI’mnot_________yourheartismissingIwhowhosethingthewaytheman3只能用which的情况(a)在引导非限定性定语从句时：Thetree,thatwhichisfourhundredyearsold,isveryfamoushere.(b)介词后不能用。Wedependonthelandfromwhichwegetourfood.Wedependonthelandthat/whichwegetourfoodfrom.3只能用that情况(a)在therebe句型中，只用that，不用which；(b)在不定代词，如：anything,nothing,theone,all等作先行词时，只用that，不用which；(c)先行词有theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast,just修饰时，只用that；(d)先行词为序数词、数词、形容词最高级时，只用that,不能用which。3只能用that情况(e)先行词既有人，又有物时；(f)先行词指物，在主句中作表语时；(g)为了避免重复；(h)先行词是theway或thereason时，that可作关系副词，也可省略；(i)主句的主语是疑问词who/which时。4关系副词引导的定语从句关系副词：在句中作状语Where地点状语When时间状语Why原因状语4关系副词引导的定语从句-where(1)ShanghaiisthecitywhereIwasborn.(2)ThehousewhereIlivedtenyearsagohasbeenpulleddown.where指地点，做地点状语，先行词是地点类的词Place,room,house,school,country4关系副词引导的定语从句-when(1)IstillrememberthedaywhenIfirstcametotheschool.(2)Thetimewhenwegottogetherfinallycame.When指时间，做时间状语，先行词是时间类的词Time,day,week,month,year4关系副词引导的定语从句-whenIstillrememberthetime___________wespenttogether.Istillrememberthetime__________wemet.Istillrememberthefirsttime______Imether.that/whichwhenwhen4关系副词引导的定语从句-whenTime:是先行词且充当时间状语时，有时不用任何关系代词。BythetimeyouarrivedinLondon,wehadstayedtherefortwoweeks.

IstillrememberthefirsttimeImether.Eachtimehegoestobusinesstrip,hebringsalotoflivingnecessities.4关系副词引导的定语从句-why(1)Pleasetellmethereasonwhyyoumissedtheplane.(2)Idon’tknowthereasonwhyhelooksunhappytoday.Why指原因，做原因状语，先行词是thereasonwhen,where,why与that,which的区分先行词在做状语时用when，where或why先行词在做主语或宾语时，要用which或thatThisistheplace______________wevisitedlastyear.Thisistheplace_______heworks.Thatwasthetime_________hearrived.Doyoustillrememberthetime_________wespenttogether?which/thatwherewhenthat/whichwhen,where,why与that,which的区分Thisisthereason_____________hewent.Thereason___________hegaveuswasquitereasonable.why/forwhichthat/which先行词在做状语时用when，where或why先行词在做主语或宾语时，要用which或that4关系副词引导的定语从句关系副词：在句中作状语

关系副词=介词+关系代词（which,whom）

Eg：why=forwhichwhere=in/at/on/...whichwhen=during/on/in/...which介词的选择看固定搭配4关系副词引导的定语从句关系副词=介词+关系代词（which,whom）

Thisisthehouse_______Ilivedtwoyearsago.Thisisthehouse________Ilivedtwoyearsago.