新人教版英语七年级下册Unit6知识点讲练

新人教版英语七年级下册Unit6知识点讲练同学们，欢迎来到Unit6的学习。在这个单元，我们将聚焦于如何描述“当下正在发生的事情”，也就是英语中的现在进行时态。这是一个非常实用的语法点，掌握它能让我们更生动地交流正在进行的活动。下面，我们就一起来系统梳理本单元的核心知识点，并通过练习加以巩固。一、核心词汇精讲词汇是语言的基石。本单元的词汇多与日常活动相关，我们不仅要认识它们，更要学会在句子中运用，特别是在现在进行时的句子里。1.动词(Verbs)*do(doing)：做，进行。这是一个万能动词，搭配不同的名词构成各种活动，如dohomework(做作业),dosports(做运动)。*go(going)：去。常与表示活动的动词-ing形式连用，如goshopping(去购物),goswimming(去游泳)。*make(making)：制作，整理。如makedinner(做晚饭),makethebed(整理床铺)。*eat(eating)：吃。如eatbreakfast(吃早饭),eatfruit(吃水果)。*drink(drinking)：喝。如drinkwater(喝水),drinkmilk(喝牛奶)。*read(reading)：阅读。如readabook(看书),readnewspapers(看报纸)。*talk(talking)：谈话，交谈。常与with/to连用，如talkwithfriends(和朋友聊天)。*listen(listening)：听。常与to连用，如listentomusic(听音乐),listentotheteacher(听老师讲)。*watch(watching)：观看。如watchTV(看电视),watchamovie(看电影)。*exercise(exercising)：锻炼。如exerciseinthemorning(早上锻炼)。*shop(shopping)：购物。*clean(cleaning)：打扫。如cleantheroom(打扫房间)。*cook(cooking)：烹饪，做饭。*小提示：这些动词的现在分词形式是构成现在进行时的关键，要注意不规则变化哦，比如write-writing,run-running。*2.名词(Nouns)*newspaper：报纸。readanewspaper。*use：使用，用途。(也可作动词)*soup：汤。makesoup,eatsoup。*movie：电影。watchamovie。*house：房子。cleanthehouse。*drink：饮料。(也可作动词)*tea：茶。drinktea。*tomorrow：明天。虽然本单元重点是现在，但这个时间词也很常用。3.形容词(Adjective)*young：年轻的。*delicious：美味的。Thesoupisdelicious.二、核心句型解析与应用本单元的核心句型围绕“询问和描述正在进行的动作”展开。1.陈述句：主语+be(am/is/are)+动词-ing形式+其他。*肯定句：表示某人/某物正在做某事。*Iamdoingmyhomework.(我正在做作业。)*Heisreadinganewspaper.(他正在看报纸。)*Sheistalkingonthephone.(她正在打电话。)*TheyarewatchingTV.(他们正在看电视。)*Weareeatingdinner.(我们正在吃晚饭。)*否定句：在be动词后加not，表示某人/某物没有在做某事。*Iamnot(I'mnot)playingbasketball.(我没在打篮球。)*Heisnot(isn't)listeningtomusic.(他没在听音乐。)*Theyarenot(aren't)cleaningtheroom.(他们没在打扫房间。)2.疑问句：Be(Am/Is/Are)+主语+动词-ing形式+其他？*一般疑问句：用于询问某人/某物是否正在做某事。*Areyoureadingabook?(你正在看书吗？)*Yes,Iam./No,I'mnot.(是的，我在看。/不，我没在看。)*Isheswimming?(他正在游泳吗？)*Yes,heis./No,heisn't.(是的，他在游。/不，他没在游。)*Aretheyplayingsoccer?(他们正在踢足球吗？)*Yes,theyare./No,theyaren't.(是的，他们在踢。/不，他们没在踢。)*特殊疑问句：用特殊疑问词(What,Who,Where,How等)开头，询问正在做的具体内容、人物、地点等。*What+be+主语+doing?(……正在做什么？)——最核心的特殊疑问句。*Whatareyoudoing?(你正在做什么？)I'mlisteningtomusic.*Whatisshedoing?(她正在做什么？)She'scooking.*Whataretheydoing?(他们正在做什么？)They'replayinggames.*Whois+动词-ing...?(谁正在……？)*Whoissinginginthenextroom?(谁正在隔壁房间唱歌？)*Wherearethey+动词-ing...?(他们正在哪里……？)*Wherearetheyplayingbasketball?(他们正在哪里打篮球？)三、语法聚焦：现在进行时(PresentContinuousTense)本单元的语法重点就是现在进行时。1.定义：表示此时此刻或现阶段正在进行或发生的动作。*此时此刻：Look!Thebirdissinging.(看！小鸟正在唱歌。)*现阶段(说话时不一定正在进行，但在一段时间内持续进行)：Heiswritingabookthesedays.(这些天他在写一本书。)(此用法初中阶段接触较少，重点掌握“此时此刻”。)2.构成：*肯定句：主语+am/is/are+动词的现在分词(V-ing)+其他。*Iam(I'm)working.*You/We/Theyare(You're/We're/They're)playing.*He/She/Itis(He's/She's/It's)eating.*否定句：主语+am/is/are+not+V-ing+其他。*Iamnot(I'mnot)working.*Heisnot(Heisn't)eating.*Theyarenot(Theyaren't)playing.*一般疑问句：Am/Is/Are+主语+V-ing+其他？*AmIworking?Yes,youare./No,youaren't.*Isheeating?Yes,heis./No,heisn't.*Aretheyplaying?Yes,theyare./No,theyaren't.*特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+am/is/are+主语+V-ing+其他？*WhatamIdoing?*Whatisheeating?*Wherearetheyplaying?3.标志性词语：*now(现在)：Iamreadingnow.*look!(看！)：Look!Theyaredancing.*listen!(听！)：Listen!Someoneissinging.*rightnow(此刻)：Heisdoinghishomeworkrightnow.4.动词现在分词(V-ing)的构成规则：*一般情况：直接在动词后加-ing。*work-working,play-playing,read-reading,eat-eating*以不发音的字母e结尾的动词：去e加-ing。*make-making,write-writing,take-taking,dance-dancing*以重读闭音节结尾，且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词：双写这个辅音字母，再加-ing。*run-running,swim-swimming,shop-shopping,sit-sitting,put-putting,get-getting*以ie结尾的动词：变ie为y再加-ing。(初中阶段常见die-dying,lie-lying)四、情景交际与话题表达围绕“谈论正在进行的活动”这一话题，我们需要熟练运用上述句型和词汇。1.打招呼并询问对方正在做什么：*A:Hello!Whatareyoudoing?*B:Hi!I'm(just)watchingTV.Whataboutyou?/Andyou?*A:I'mdoingmyhomework.2.看到他人正在做某事，进行评论或提问：*A:Look!Tomisplayingbasketball.*B:Wow,he'ssogood!*A:WhatisMarydoingoverthere?*B:She'stalkingtoherfriendonthephone.3.描述图片或现场场景：*(指着图片)Lookatthispicture.Thechildrenareplayinginthepark.Somearerunning.Somearesinging.Agirlisreadingabookunderatree.五、实战演练与巩固提升一、用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。1.Listen!Someone____________(sing)intheclassroom.2.Mymother____________(cook)dinnernow.3.They____________(notplay)soccer.They____________(watch)TV.4.What____________you____________(do)atthemoment?5.He____________(read)anewspapereverymorning,butnowhe____________(listen)totheradio.二、按要求改写句子。2.Theyareeatinglunchinthedininghall.(改为一般疑问句并作肯定回答)____________they____________lunchinthedininghall?____________,________________________.3.Sheisdoingherhomework.(对划线部分提问)________________________she____________?4.Iamreadingabook.(改为复数句)________________________reading____________.三、根据图片提示或中文意思完成对话或句子。1.A:Whatistheboydoing?B:He________________(正在游泳).2.A:Aretheyplayingtennis?B:No,________________.They________________(正在打排球).3.Look!Myfather________________(notwatchTV).He________________(看报纸).4.A:Whatareyourparentsdoing?B:Mymother________________(做饭)andmyfat