UNIT 3　DIVERSE CULTURES 高中英语必修第三册

UNIT3DIVERSECULTURES佳作抢鲜背学续写思路，背精彩范文(主题语境：人与社会之邻里关爱)(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)由于经济衰退，许多家庭都在努力维持生计。Mrs.Meredith是个善良体贴的人，她拜访贫穷的人，给他们送去食物和药品。在她拜访过一个家庭后，她把这个家庭的情况告诉给了孩子们，并希望他们去帮助那个叫伯纳德的小男孩……续写思路：想出主意——去帮助伯纳德——伯纳德表达感谢——伯纳德开始做生意——取得成功精彩范文WhenMrs.MeredithheardofJohn’sidea，shethoughtitwasagoodone，too.WhenthethreesiblingscalledonBernardandsharedthe“big”projectwiththepoorboy，Bernard’sfacelitupbutquicklyhisexcitementfaded.(与首句衔接)“Thankyouforyourbigboxofcorn，butIdon’thaveasinglepennytobuypopcornandpaperbags，”Bernardsighedheavily.Smilingshyly，Johnproduced50dollars，whichwascontributedtogetherbyClaraandHarry.ExcitementreturnedtoBernard’sfaceashemurmuredasincerethankyouwithatremblingvoice.(与次段首句衔接)Witheverythingready，Bernardstartedoutonhisnewbusiness...(请根据首句提示尝试完成第二段续写。精彩范文见下一单元。)学习借鉴1.富有表现力的副词quickly，heavily，shyly2.精彩的神情描写①Bernard’sfacelitupbutquicklyhisexcitementfaded②sighedheavily3.提分高级句式(1)现在分词短语作状语：Smilingshyly...(2)无灵主语句：①hisexcitementfaded②ExcitementreturnedtoBernard’sface...(3)介宾短语作状语：withatremblingvoice阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)TheMeredithfamilylivedinasmallcommunity.Astheeconomywasindecline，somepeopleinthetownhadlosttheirjobs.Manyoftheirfamilieswerestrugglingtomakeendsmeet.Peopleweretryingtohelpeachothermeetthechallenges.Mrs.Meredithwasamostkindandthoughtfulwoman.Shespentagreatdealoftimevisitingthepoor.Sheknewtheyhadproblems，andtheyneededallkindsofhelp.Whenshehadtime，shewouldbringfoodandmedicinetothem.Onemorningshetoldherchildrenaboutafamilyshehadvisitedthedaybefore.Therewasamansickinbed，hiswife，whotookcareofhimandcouldnotgoouttowork，andtheirlittleboy.Thelittleboy—hisnamewasBernard—hadinterestedherverymuch.“Iwishyoucouldseehim，”shesaidtoherownchildren，John，Harry，andClara.“Heissuchahelptohismother.Hewantsverymuchtoearnsomemoney，butIdon’tseewhathecando.”Aftertheirmotherlefttheroom，thechildrensatthinkingaboutBernard.“Iwishwecouldhelphimtoearnmoney，”saidClara.“Hisfamilyissufferingsomuch.”“SodoI，”saidHarry.“Wereallyshoulddosomethingtoassistthem.”Forsomemoments，Johnsaidnothing，but，suddenly，hesprangtohisfeetandcried，“Ihaveagreatidea!Ihaveasolutionthatwecanallhelpaccomplish(完成).”Theotherchildrenalsojumpedupallattention.WhenJohnhadanidea，itwassuretobeagoodone.“Itellyouwhatwecando，”saidJohn.“YouknowthatbigboxofcornUncleJohnsentus?Well，wecanmakepopcorn(爆米花)，andputitintopaperbags，andBernardcantakeitaroundtothehousesandsellit.”注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式作答。WhenMrs.MeredithheardofJohn’sidea，shethoughtitwasagoodone，too.Witheverythingready，Bernardstartedoutonhisnewbusiness.语境背诵(限时：25分钟)Ⅰ.阅读单词1.chipscoveredincheese裹着奶酪的土豆条2.spacemission太空任务3.graffitiart涂鸦艺术4.comicart漫画艺术5.illegalimmigrants非法移民6.beautifulchinaplates美丽的瓷盘7.ajazzbar一家爵士乐酒吧8.drawadiagram画一个图表9.theAtlantic大西洋10.apoetryreading诗歌朗诵会11.apairoffadedbluejeans一条褪色的蓝色牛仔裤12.apairofblackleatherboots一双黑皮靴13.friedmushrooms油炸蘑菇14.gotothesouvenirshops去纪念品商店15.Chineseherbalmedicine中药；中草药Ⅱ.核心单词1.agoodideaoccurredtosb某人想到了一个好主意。2.hangaroundthedowntown在市区中心闲荡3.financialdistrict金融区4.selectaCantoneserestaurant选择一家广东餐馆5.asuperidea一个超好的想法6.getusedtotheclimatehere习惯了这里的气候7.aclothingstore一个服装店8.afterwardsadv.以后；后来————————————————————————1.chipn.(英)炸土豆条；(美)炸薯片；芯片；碎片2.ethnicadj.具有民族特色的；异国风味的；民族的；种族的3.seekvt.&vi.(sought/sought/seeking)寻找；寻求；争取；(向人)请求4.earnvt.&vi.挣得；赚得；赢得；博得5.journaln.日志；日记；报纸；刊物6.claimvt.&n.夺取(生命)；宣称；断言；索回；索要，索赔；认领7.escapevi.&vt.逃走；逃脱；避开vt.被忘掉n.逃跑；逃脱；解脱8.materialn.材料；布料；素材adj.物质的；实际的9.itemn.项目；一件商品(或物品)；一条(新闻)———————————————————————————————————Ⅲ.派生单词1.diverseadj.不同的；多种多样的→diversityn.差异(性)；不同(点)；多样性2.fortunen.机会；运气→fortunateadj.幸运的；吉利的→fortunatelyadv.幸运地→unfortunatelyadv.不幸地3.admitvi.&vt.承认vt.准许进入(或加入)→admissionn.准入；准许；承认；入场费；门票费4.definiteadj.确实的→definitelyadv.肯定；确实5.historyn.历史→historicaladj.(有关)历史的→historicadj.历史上著名的6.earnvt.&vi.挣得；赚得；赢得；博得→earningsn.利润；收入，工资7.minoradj.较小的→minorityn.少数民族；少数派；少数人→majorityn.多数，大多数8.financen.财政，财政学；金融→financialadj.财政的；财务的；金融的→financiallyadv.财政上；金融上9.poisonn.毒物；毒药；毒素vt.毒死；毒害→poisonousadj.引起中毒的；有毒的；分泌毒素的10.foldvt.包；裹；折叠vt.&vi.(可)折小；(可)叠平→(反)unfoldv.(使)展开；打开11.collectvt.收集，收藏→collectionn.作品集；收集物；收藏品12.mildadj.温和的；和善的；轻微的→mildlyadv.温和地；和善地；轻微地13.settlevt.&vi.定居；结束(争论)；解决(纠纷)→settlern.移民；殖民者→settlementn.居民点；清算；解决14.constructvt.建筑；建造→constructionn.建筑；建造；建造物；(句子、短语等的)结构15.suitvt.适合；满足……需要；相配；合身n.西服；套装→suitableadj.合适的16.containvt.包含；含有；容纳→containern.容器17.neatadj.极好的；整洁的；整齐的→neatlyadv.极好地；整洁地；整齐地1.arealmixofcultures一种真正的文化融合2.seekone’sfortune寻找成功致富之路；闯世界3.earnaliving谋生4.apartfrom除了……外(还)；此外5.averypopulartouristdraw一个非常受欢迎的旅游景点6.tonamebutafew仅举几例7.(at)firsthand第一手；亲自8.headtoalocalmuseum前往当地的博物馆9.bringabouteconomicrecovery导致经济的复苏10.aseriesofaccidents一系列事故1.NoonereallyknowsexactlywhenthefirstpeoplearrivedinwhatwenowknowasCalifornia.(what引导宾语从句)没有人确切地知道第一批人是什么时候到达我们现在所知道的加利福尼亚的。2.Andwhatacity—acitythatwasabletorebuilditselfaftertheearthquakethatoccurredin1906.(感叹句)这是一座多么了不起的城市啊——一座在1906年地震后能够重建的城市。3.Therearesomanybeautifuloldbuildings—manysittingontopofbighills，offeringgreatviewsofthecity，theocean，andtheGoldenGateBridge.(独立主格结构)这里有众多美丽的古建筑，不少坐落于大山之巅，城市、大海和金门大桥的美景尽收眼底。4.ThemajorityofresidentsinChinatownarestillethnicChinese，manyofwhomdonotspeakEnglishfluently.(“不定代词/数词/名词＋of＋关系代词”引导的定语从句)唐人街的大多数居民仍然是华人，他们中的许多人都不会说流利的英语。5.ButperhapswhatmanytouristsandSanFranciscanstreasuremostaboutChinatownisitsfood.(what引导主语从句)但也许许多游客和旧金山的人最珍惜的是唐人街的食物。6.ThereisChinesefoodtosuiteveryone’staste，withtraditionaldishesfromalloverChina.(therebe句型；with复合结构)这里有着来自中国各地的传统菜肴，这些中国菜适合每个人的口味。【词汇拓展记忆】后缀-able形容词集锦名词转化为动词“举例”知多少①suit→suitable合适的②value→valuable有价值的③rely→reliable可以依靠的④believe→believable可信的⑤move→movable可移动的①headn.头vi.前往②nursen.护士vt.护理③facen.脸vt.面对④bridgen.桥vt.弥合(分歧)，消除(隔阂)⑤eyen.眼睛vt.看，注视①tonamebutafew仅举几例②forexample例如③suchas例如④takesthforexample以……为例⑤forinstance例如语基默写(限时：20分钟)Ⅰ.单词拼写一、阅读单词——知其意1.chipn.(英)炸土豆条；(美)炸薯片；芯片；碎片2.cheesen.干酪；奶酪3.ethnicadj.具有民族特色的；异国风味的；民族的；种族的4.graffitin.[pl.]涂鸦；胡写乱画5.immigrantn.(外来)移民；外侨6.chinan.瓷；瓷器7.jazzn.爵士乐8.poetryn.诗集；诗歌；诗作9.barn.酒吧；小吃店；小馆子10.diagramn.简图；图解；图表；示意图11.jeansn.牛仔裤12.mushroomn.蘑菇；蕈13.souvenirn.纪念物；纪念品14.missionn.传教(区)；重要任务；使命15.herbaladj.药草的；香草的二、核心单词——写其形1.occurvi.发生；出现2.downtownadv.在市中心；往市中心n.市中心3.districtn.地区；区域4.afterwardsadv.以后；后来5.journaln.日志；日记；报纸；刊物6.escapevi.&vt.逃走；逃脱；避开vt.被忘掉n.逃跑；逃脱；解脱7.superadv.特别；格外adj.顶好的；超级的8.clothingn.衣服；服装9.itemn.项目；一件商品(或物品)；一条(新闻)■结合语境运用单词10.Mikesought(寻找)helpfromhisfriendswhenhewasintrouble，buttheyturnedhimdown.11.Havinggotusedtotheclimate(气候)inthecountryside，theoldcoupleprefernottomovetothecity.12.Thestudentsselected(选拔)fromeveryclasstookpartinthecompetition.13.Thecompanyclaims(声称)thatitsproductscanmakeyouslimwithoutdieting.14.OurEnglishteacherprovidesuswithloadsofreadingmaterials(材料)toenhanceourinterest.三、拓展单词——通其变1.definiteadj.确实的→definitelyadv.肯定；确实2.historyn.历史→historicaladj.(有关)历史的→historicadj.历史上著名的3.earnvt.&vi.挣得；赚得；赢得；博得→earningsn.利润；收入，工资4.minoradj.较小的→minorityn.少数民族；少数派；少数人→majorityn.多数，大多数5.financen.财政，财政学；金融→financialadj.财政的；财务的；金融的→financiallyadv.财政上；金融上6.poisonn.毒物；毒药；毒素vt.毒死；毒害→poisonousadj.引起中毒的；有毒的；分泌毒素的7.foldvt.包；裹；折叠vt.&vi.(可)折小；(可)叠平→(反)unfoldv.(使)展开；打开8.neatadj.极好的；整洁的；整齐的→neatlyadv.极好地；整洁地；整齐地9.mildadj.温和的；和善的；轻微的→mildlyadv.温和地；和善地；轻微地10.containvt.包含；含有；容纳→containern.容器■利用语境串记单词11.Therearediverseculturesinourcountry，butit’sthediversitythatmakesourmotherlandwonderful.(diverse)12.HewenttoAmericatoseekhisfortuneandimaginedhewouldbeveryfortunate，butunfortunately，hecouldn’tevenmakeendsmeet.(fortune)13.Withtheproblemssettled，theyfinallyreachedanewsettlement.(settle)14.Idon’thaveanythingsuitabletowearfortheparty，soImustbuyaneveningdressthatsuitsmeperfectly.(suit)15.Helovescollectingstampsandheoftenshowsoffhiscollectionsinfrontofothers.(collect)16.Theworkersareconstructingthebridgedamagedbytheflood，andthebridgeunderconstructionconnectstheroadwiththetown.(construct)17.TomappliedforadmissiontothegraduateprogramatNorthwesternUniversitybutwasn’tadmittedintoitatlast.(admit)Ⅱ.短语填空1.headto(朝……)前进；(向……)去2.seekone’sfortune寻找成功致富之路；闯世界3.earnaliving谋生4.aseriesof一系列或一连串(事件)5.apartfrom除了……外(还)；此外6.bringabout导致；引起7.tonamebutafew仅举几例8.(at)firsthand第一手；亲自■根据语境选词填空9.Withpopcornfillingalargebasket，thelittleboyheadedtothenearbymarketinhighspirits.10.Apartfromenjoyingthefolkartworks，visitingthispaper-cuttingexhibitionalsomakesuslearnalot.11.TheSmithsvisitedmanyplacesinChina，includingBeijing，ShanghaiandChengdu，tonamebutafew.12.Itwasnotlongbeforetheylefttheirvillagetotrytheirluckandseektheirfortuneinthesouthduringthegoldrush.13.Soshedideverythinginherpowertocalmhimdownandsharedaseriesoflearningtipswithhim.Ⅲ.句式仿写1.句型公式：what引导主语从句给我印象最深的是爱尔兰的民间舞蹈和歌曲，这绝对是艺术节的亮点之一。(2022·浙江1月卷)WhatimpressedmemostwasIrishfolkdancesandsongs，whichweredefinitelyoneofthehighlightsofthefestival.2.句型公式：“不定代词/数词/名词＋of＋关系代词”引导的定语从句据报道，在我家乡正建设的两所学校明年都会开放。Itisreportedthattwoschools，bothofwhicharebeingbuiltinmyhometown，willopennextyear.3.句型公式：感叹句主题为“自律”的调查多么有意义、多么重要呀！(2020·北京卷)Whatameaningfulandimportantresearchwithathemeof“self-discipline”！Part1核心要点突破1.fortunen.机会；运气→fortunateadj.幸运的；侥幸的→fortunatelyadv.幸运地【佳句背诵】ManyimmigrantsheadedtoCaliforniatoseektheirfortunebutendedupdoingdiverseoddjobstoearnaliving.许多移民前往加州碰运气，但最终做各种各样的零工来谋生。【以练促学】单句语法填空/补全句子①Fortunately(fortune)，aboatpickedmeupwhenIwastiredout.②Hewasfortunatetogetthehelpofthemayorandsuccessfullystartedhisownbusinessfortunately.(fortune)③InChina，childrenaregivenmoneyinaredenvelopetobringgoodfortuneintheNewYear.(节日介绍)在中国，孩子们会收到红包，希望在新的一年里带来好运。【用法归纳】·seek/tryone’sfortune寻找成功致富之路；闯世界makeafortune发财；赚钱havethegoodfortunetodosth有幸做某事·befortunatetodosth有幸做某事2.admitvi.&vt.承认vt.准许进入(或加入)；接纳→admissionn.准许进入；承认；入场费；门票费【佳句背诵】Learningourschooltabletennisteamisadmittingnewmembers，Icanhardlywaittoinviteyoutojoinit.(邀请信)得知我校乒乓球队正在招收新队员，我迫不及待地想邀请你加入球队。【以练促学】单句语法填空/补全句子①OnedayIgotwordthathewasadmitted(admit)tohospitalforaseriousdisease.(2022·浙江1月卷)②Besides，therewillbeanadmission(admit)chargeof50yuanforeachperson.③得知你已被北京大学录取，我写信真诚地祝贺你。(祝贺信)Learningthatyouhavebeenadmittedinto/toPekingUniversity，Iamwritingtooffersincerecongratulationstoyou.【用法归纳】·admit(to)doing/havingdone/that...承认做/做过/承认……Itisadmittedthat...人们公认……·beadmittedto/into被录取到；被允许进入；接收(入院)beadmittedas...作为……被接受3.occurvi.(occurred，occurred，occurring)发生；出现【佳句背诵】Thatnightaterriblestormoccurred，withthewindblowingandbeatingthehouse.(天气描写)那天晚上下了一场可怕的暴风雨，狂风吹着，拍打着房子。【以练促学】单句语法填空/补全句子①Withanideaoccurring(occur)tome，Isteppedtomybrotherandaskedhimtoopenhiscoat.②他突然想到伯纳德可以卖爆米花赚钱。(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)Itoccurredto/struck/hithimthatBernardcouldmakesomemoneybysellingpopcorn.【用法归纳】sthoccurstosb某人突然想起某事Itoccursto/strikes/hitssbthat...某人突然想起……4.seekvt.&vi.(sought，sought)寻找；寻求；争取；(向人)请求【佳句背诵】ImeetwithsomedifficultieswithmyEnglish，soIhavenochoicebuttoseekyourhelp.(求助信)我在英语方面遇到了一些困难，因此我只得寻求你的帮助。【以练促学】单句语法填空/补全句子①Weyelledatthebearandhitglassbottles，seeking(seek)tofrightenthebearaway.(2021·浙江卷)②OnceIsought(seek)advicefromyourteacherwhenIgotintotroubleinschool.③Fromthedatawecanconcludethatthemajorityofstudentsseeklight-heartedwaystolearnEnglish.(2022·全国乙卷)从数据中我们可以得出结论，大多数学生寻求轻松的方法学习英语。【用法归纳】seekjobs/advice/assistance寻找工作/征求建议/寻求帮助seekone’sfortune寻找成功致富之路；闯世界seekout找出；找到seekfor...寻找……seektodosth试图做某事5.escapevi.&vt.逃走；逃脱；避开vt.被忘掉n.逃跑；逃脱；解脱【佳句背诵】Theangryboyescapedintothecrowds，squeezedontothebus，anddisappeared.愤怒的男孩逃进人群，挤上公交车，不见了。(动作描写)【以练促学】单句语法填空/补全句子①Onlyaminorityofstudentswanttoescapetaking(take)responsibilityfortheirownbehavior.②Itwasclaimedthataprisonerhadescapedfromtheprison，whichshockedthepublic.③Atlast，wehadanarrowescape，fortunatelyescapingbeinghurtbythehungrypolarbear.(2020·浙江7月卷)最后，我们九死一生，很幸运没有被那头饥饿的北极熊伤害到。【用法归纳】·escapefrom从……逃脱，从……逃跑escape(doing)sth避开(做)某事escapebeingdone逃避被……·haveanarrowescape死里逃生6.settlevt.&vi.定居；结束(争论)；解决(纠纷)→settlementn.定居点；协议；解决→settlern.移居者；殖民者【佳句背诵】AsfarasI’mconcerned，theproblemscanbesettledinnotimeifyoudoubleyourefforts.(建议信)在我看来，如果你加倍努力，问题可以很快解决。【以练促学】单句语法填空/补全句子①Withalotofdifficultiestosettle(settle)，thenewly-electedpresidentishavingahardtime.②Ifyouwatchlongenough，youwillseemanyproblemssettled(settle)inthisway.③Bernardsettleddowntolearninghowtomakepopcornaftersellingoutthefirstbasketofpopcorn.(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)在卖完第一篮爆米花后，伯纳德开始学习做爆米花。【用法归纳】settledown(使)安定；安居；平静下来；舒适地坐下/躺下settle/getdownto(doing)sth开始认真(做)某事settlein/into安顿下来；习惯于；适应7.containvt.包含；含有；容纳；克制；控制→containern.容器；集装箱；货柜【佳句背诵】Theirmomtriedtocontainherexcitement，buttheglitteringtearsfailedher.(情感描写，2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)他们的妈妈试图抑制自己的激动，却激动得落泪了。【以练促学】猜测词义/单句语法填空/补全句子①Ourschoolstadiumislargeenoughtocontain3，000people，whereawidevarietyofsportseventscanbeheld.vt.容纳②Hewassoexcitedthathecouldhardlycontainhimself(he).③Atthesightofthemessyroom，mymothercouldnotcontainheranger，yellingatus.看到凌乱的房间，我妈妈抑制不住自己的愤怒，冲着我们大吼起来。【用法归纳】containoneself克制自己containone’sexcitement/anger抑制自己的激动/愤怒8.bringabout导致；引起【佳句背诵】TheInternethasbroughtaboutgreatchangesinthewaywelearn.(发言稿，2021·全国乙卷)网络给我们的学习方式带来了巨大的变化。【以练促学】用bring短语填空/补全句子①It’sonlyamatteroftimebeforetheycanbringouttheirnewbookaboutthepeoplestrugglingforindependence.②Bornintoafamilywiththreebrothers，Davidwasbroughtuptovaluethesenseofsharing.③Thegovernmenthastakenmeasurestobringdownthepricesofmeattokeepthemarketstable.④ThekindnessofthefamilybroughtbackmyfaithinhumanityandIwouldtrytobringwarmthtoothersinthefuture.(读后续写之主旨升华)这家人的善意让我重拾了对人性的信心，将来我会努力给别人带来温暖。【用法归纳】bringup抚养；培养；教育；提出；呕吐bringin引进；获利；赚钱bringout出版；使显现bringdown使倒下；减少；降低；击败bringback把……带回来；使回忆起；使恢复9.句型公式：what引导名词性从句【教材原句】ButperhapswhatmanytouristsandSanFranciscanstreasuremostaboutChinatownisitsfood.但也许许多游客和旧金山的人最珍惜的是唐人街的食物。【佳句背诵】Whatimpressedmewastheamazingworksbythosegiftedstudentpainters.(2021·浙江6月卷)给我留下深刻印象的是那些有天赋的学生画家的令人惊叹的作品。【以练促学】单句语法填空/补全句子①WhatstruckmemostisthattheEnglishlevelofnon-EnglishmajorshasbeenapproachingthatofEnglishmajors.②Amoderncityhasbeensetupinwhatwasawastelandtenyearsago.③Itwasmytwelfthbirthday，andwhatIwantedmostwasanewbicycle.那天是我十二岁生日，我最想要的是一辆新自行车。【用法归纳】·what引导名词性从句时，在从句中充当句子成分，可作主语、表语和宾语。·what引导名词性从句可表示“……的事情或东西；……的人或样子；所……的地方等”。·that引导名词性从句，在从句中不作任何成分，只起连接作用。10.句型公式：“不定代词/数词/名词＋of＋关系代词”引导的定语从句【教材原句】ThemajorityofresidentsinChinatownarestillethnicChinese，manyofwhomdonotspeakEnglishfluently.唐人街的大多数居民仍然是华人，他们中的许多人英语说得不流利。【佳句背诵】TherearemanyscenicspotsinBeijing，themostattractiveplaceofwhichistheGreatWall.(景点介绍，2021·天津3月卷)北京有许多风景名胜，其中最吸引人的是长城。【以练促学】单句语法填空/句式升级①Students，mostofwhomhadn’tseenafarm，begantoexploreeverywhere.(2020·全国Ⅱ卷)②Thissemesterourschooloffersmanyoptionalcoursestothestudents.Eachofthemappealstomanystudents.(告知信)→Thissemesterourschooloffersmanyoptionalcoursestothestudents，eachofwhichappealstomanystudents.(定语从句)【用法归纳】·one/two/several/most/each/all/...＋ofwhich/whom...·the＋n.＋ofwhich/whom...(该结构一般可与“whose＋n.”互换)Part2基础达标检测(限时：20分钟)维度一语境运用练——单句语法填空1.Thosepoisonous(poison)chemicalscontainedintobaccocancausealotofdiseases，suchasheartproblemsandlungcancer.2.Thisweekendwitnessedouractiveparticipationingarbagecollection(collect)voluntaryactivityintheHongxingCommunity.3.HenryDavidThoreauwashappytowithdrawfromsociallife，seeking(seek)aharmoniousrelationshipwithnatureinthequietnessofhislife.(2021·天津3月卷)4.Theplayersselected(select)fromthewholecountryarefacedwithgreatchallenges，buttheyaretraininghardtobeadmitted(admit)asathletesintheOlympics.5.Containing(contain)richnaturalandculturalrelics，MountTaihasbeenlistedontheWorldNaturalandCulturalHeritageList.6.Togainadmission(admit)toakeyuniversity，theboywilldefinitely(definite)takeadvantageofthepreciouschance.7.HavingbeenaresponsiblevolunteerformanytimesinChina，IdobelievethatI’mthesuitable(suit)personthatyouwant.8.Abrightideasuddenlyoccurred(occur)tomethatIcouldusethemoneyearned(earn)lastmonthtobuyhimagift.9.Whatisimportantisthatyoushouldsetasidesometimeeverydayforsportssothatyoucankeepyourselfenergetic.10.Somepeopleagreethatweshouldcarryoutthisconstruction(construct)projectbecauseitcansolvesometrafficproblems.维度二语境辨义练——熟词生义/一词多义1.写出加黑部分的词性和汉语意思①CallLostPropertyon131617duringbusinesshoursforitemslostonQueenslandRailservices.(2020·全国Ⅰ卷)n.物品②Imetaclassmateofmineinmypreviousjuniorhighbuthernameescapedme.vt.被忘掉③Admissiontolecturesisfree.(2022·全国乙卷)n.入场费；门票费2.选出claim的汉语意思A.vt.宣称B.vt.索回C.vt.索要，索赔D.vt.认领E.vt.夺取(生命)①Heartdiseaseisthebiggestkiller，claiming180，000livesperyear.E②Thescientistclaimedtohavediscoveredanewkindofmedicine.A③Youcanclaimyourmoneybackifthegoodsaredamaged.B④Becausetheaccidenthadnotbeenherfault，Barbarawasabletoclaimdamages.C⑤Iftheownerdoesn’tclaimthedogin48hours，youcanapplyforadoption.D维度三写作提能练补全句子/句式升级/一句多译1.Iamavailableanytimenextweek.Pleaseletmeknowwhattimesuitsyoubest.(道歉信，2021·北京卷)请告诉我你何时方便。下周我什么时候都有空。2.Qingdaoisfamousforitsbeautifulscenery，meaningitisagoodplacetolivein.(分词短语作状语)青岛以其美丽的景色出名，这意味着它是一个可以居住的好地方。3.Whatimpressesmedeeplyisheruniqueteachingmethods.(2020·全国Ⅰ卷)使我印象深刻的是她的独特的教学方式。4.Asitislocatedonthetopofabighill，thecityoffersagoodviewoftheocean.→Locatedonthetopofabighill，thecityoffersagoodviewoftheocean.(分词短语作状语)5.许多志愿者正帮助洪灾地区恢复正常。→Therearemanyvolunteershelpingthefloodedareatoreturntonormal.(分词短语作定语)→Therearemanyvolunteerswhoarehelpingthefloodedareatoreturntonormal.(定语从句)双写培优练练一应用文写作运用(推荐信——长白山观光旅游)1.利用本单元所学知识翻译句子①我忽然想到你要去吉林，所以我想向您推荐长白山。Itoccursto/strikes/hitsmethatyouwillheadtoJilin，soI’dliketorecommendChangbaiMountaintoyou.②人们公认它不仅是著名的旅游景点，而且是中国最大的自然保护区。(it作形式主语)ItisadmittedthatnotonlyisitafamoustouristattractionbutitisalsoChina’slargestnaturereserve.③陆地高度从海拔700米到2000多米不等。Theheightofthelandrangesfrom700meterstoover2，000metersabovesealevel.④除此之外，它还是多种珍稀动植物的家园。Apartfromthat，itishometoagreatdiversityofrareplantsandanimals.⑤那里有一系列景点能让你感到放松。在山里散步，沐浴温泉，感觉良好。(it作形式主语)Aseriesoftouristspotscanmakeyoufeelrelaxedthere.Itfeelsgoodtowalkinthemountainsandbatheinahotspring.⑥据称，该地区最受欢迎的景点是天池。ItisclaimedthattheattractionhighlyappreciatedinthedistrictisTianchi.2.使用恰当的过渡衔接词连句成篇Itoccursto/strikes/hitsmethatyouwillheadtoJilin，soI’dliketorecommendChangbaiMountaintoyou.ItisadmittedthatnotonlyisitafamoustouristattractionbutitisalsoChina’slargestnaturereserve.Theheightofthelandrangesfrom700meterstoover2，000metersabovesealevel.Apartfromthat，itishometoagreatdiversityofrareplantsandanimals.Inaddition，aseriesoftouristspotscanmakeyoufeelrelaxedthere.Itfeelsgoodtowalkinthemountainsandbatheinahotspring.ItisclaimedthattheattractionhighlyappreciatedinthedistrictisTianchi.练二续写微技能4——表达“感激与感动”必备核心词语形容词thankful，grateful，moving副词gratefully，thankfully名词gratitude，appreciation词块tearsofgratitude/appreciation(感激的泪水)，smilewithgratitude(感激地微笑起来)，bedeeplymoved/touched(被深深地感动)，expressmyappreciationandthankstoyouall(对你们所有人表达我的感激和谢意)佳句观摩好句仿写1.Touched/Moveddeeply，thecrowdclappedtheirhandsevenmoreloudly.人群被深深地感动了，于是更大声地拍手。2.Itwasverymoving/touchingtoseehowmuchstrangerscouldcareforeachother.看到陌生人之间这般彼此关照，实在令人感动。3.Knowingwhathadhappened，hismothershedtearsofjoyandgratitude.了解事情的经过后他的母亲流下喜悦和感激的泪水。1.Withtearsofgratituderollingdownhischeeks，Petersaidthankfully，“You’vesavedmetoday.Icouldn’tthankyouenough.”感激的泪水顺着彼得的脸颊流下，他感激地说：“今天你救了我。我对你感激不尽。”2.Hesmiledwithgratitudeasheacceptedtheflowersgivenbyasmallboy.当他接过一个小男孩给的鲜花时，他感激地微笑起来。Part3高考题型通关(限时：35分钟)Ⅰ.阅读理解(2023·南通适应性考试)Therearelotsofnicestoriesabouttheprotectionofnatureashumanssuspendtheiractivity.However，thisslowdownisnotallgoodnews.NewYorkCity，forexample，hassuspendeditsorganicrecyclingprogram.Thatmeansthousandsoftonsofrubbishthatwouldhavebeenrecycledlastyearwillfindtheirwaytolandfills(垃圾填埋地)insteadthisyear.LikeotherNewYorkers，Irecycledmykitchenwasteandotherorganicmaterials.Whentheyarebrokendown，theyproducemethane(agaswithoutcolororsmell)，whichifletloosecanbeharmfultotheatmosphere.Butwhencontrolledinaway，themethanecanbeputtouseasalternativeenergy.Plus，thereisaby-productfertilizer(肥料)，whichcanbesoldonthemarket.NowthosethousandsoftonsofrubbishwillbetruckedawaytolandfillsinOhioandotherremoteplaces.It’sdefinitelyabackwardstepinourfightagainstclimatechange.GovernmentleadersmaygetsomeinspirationfromNewYorkCity’sFreshkillsPark.Theparkisabest-casescenario(设想)forwhatcanhappentomountainsofrubbish.ItwasoriginallytheFreshkillsLandfillwhichreceivedrubbishformorethanhalfacentury.In2001，thelandfillwasclosed.TheFreshkillsPark，aroundthreetimesthesizeofCentralPark，willbeopenedin2035.Whatisundertheparkisprettycomplex，evenifitjustlookslikeagrassyhill.Thereareafewlayers，eachfordifferentpurposes.Asforthemethane，theparkhashundredsofwellstocapturethegas，whichisenoughtopower20，000homes.Treesaretrickyattheparkbecausetheirrootscan’tgothatfardown.Aswell，mostgrasslandsonlyhaveshallow-rootedgrassessothatthestaffcaneasilygetaccesstothewellheads.Theprojectbringsgoodnewstothegrasshoppersparrows.ThesebirdsareofconservationconcerninNewYorkState.Today，thegrasshoppersparrowsinNewYorkStatecallthisformerlandfilltheirhome.Sodofoxes，deerandotheranimals.Althoughitwilltakeoveradecadebeforetheparkfullyopens，ithasworkedwellsofar.Besidesthisproject，it’sexpectedthatsimilarlybrilliantplansforthenewrubbishwillcomeoutsoon.Ideally，theorganicrecyclingprogramgetsreenacted(重新制定)inNewYorkCitybeforetoolong.Otherwise，therearesomeothersimilarlybrilliantplansforallthenewrubbishthatwillbecomingsoon.【语篇解读】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了人们将纽约市的Freshkills垃圾填埋场改造成公园所带来的诸多好处。1.Whatcanweknowaboutorganicmaterials?A.Theywillbereplacedbyotherenergy.B.Theyarebeneficialtotheenvironment.C.Theyhavegreatvalueifhandledproperly.D.Theycanbehardlycontrolledorrecycled.答案C[推理判断题。通过文章第二段“Butwhencontrolledin...soldonthemarket.”可推知，有机材料如果处理得当，它们有很大的价值。]2.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardstruckingNewYorkCity’srubbishaway?A.Indifferent. B.Doubtful.C.Optimistic. D.Negative.答案D[观点态度题。根据文章第三段“Nowthosethousandsoftons...againstclimatechange.”可推知，作者对用卡车运走纽约市的垃圾持否定态度。]3.WhatcanweinferabouttheFreshkillsPark?A.Ithaslimitedwaterresources.B.Itgivesthelandfillanewlook.C.ItisverysimilartoCentralPark.D.Itturnsfarmlandsintograsslands.答案B[推理判断题。根据文章第四段可知，垃圾填埋场被关闭，取而代之的是Freshkills公园，从而推知，Freshkills公园会让接收垃圾长达半个多世纪之久的垃圾填埋场焕然一新。]4.Whatdoestheauthormainlywanttoexpressinthelastbutoneparagraph?A.Parksareanidealplaceformanyanimals.B.Theprojectaimstorestoreanimalhabitats.C.NewYorkhasalargespeciesofwildanimals.D.Theprojectcontributestowildlifeprotection.答案D[写作意图题。通过文章倒数第二段“Today，thegrasshoppersparrows...deerandotheranimals.”可推知，作者在本段中主要想表达的观点是将垃圾填埋场改造成公园的项目有助于保护野生动物。](2023·沈阳市郊联体考试)Singaporeusesabouttwobillionlitersofwatereveryday—anumberwhichitexpectscoulddoubleinthenextfourdecades.ThatkindofconsumptionisaddingpressuretotheAsiancity-statetoaddressgrowingconcernaboutglobalwatershortages.Soit’sbuildingnewtechnologytoprepareitselfforafuturewhereobtainingcleanwaterwillbeevenmoredifficult.“Singaporetrulyhasbecomeaglobalwatercenter，”saidShaneSnyder，executivedirectoroftheNanyangEnvironment&WaterResearchInstituteatSingapore’sNanyangTechnologicalUniversity.“Butasitstands，itimportsapproximately40%ofitswatertoday.Andwithclimatechange，thatwaterhasbecomefarlessdependable.”Singapore，meanwhile，ishometomorethanfivemillionpeopleandiscoveredinfountains，reservoirsandotherwaterfeatures—includingtheworld’stallestindoorwaterfall，TheRainVortexthatpumpsabout45，000litersofwaterperminute.Butithasnonaturalwatersourcesofitsown.Instead，itreliesheavilyonrecycledwaterandimportsfromitsneighbors.Snyder’sresearchfacilityisoneofseveralplacesdevelopingsolutionstoSingapore’swaterdependency.Thehopeistocreateprojectsthatcouldbeusedacrossthecity.“Asreliablewatermayquicklychange，wehavetobeprepared，andwehavetobethinkingaboutthebasicfacilitiesinadvance，”Snydersaid.“There’sabigdrivetobecomewaterindependent—tocontrolourownfuture—andthatislargelydependentonthetechnologieswe’redeveloping.”Anothercompany，Wateroam，isalreadytakinginnovationfromSingaporetotherestoftheregion.Foundedin2014，Wateroamsaysithasdevelopedalightweight，portablefiltration(过滤)devicethathasalreadyprovidedcleandrinkingwaterformorethan75，000peopleacrossSoutheastAsia.TheCEOofWateroamDavidPongsaidoneofthemostinnovativeaspectsoftheproductis