2026年人教版八年级英语上册 第04讲 Unit 4 Amazing Plants and Animals（暑假预习讲义）

第04讲Unit4AmazingPlantsandAnimals（知识全梳理&考点精准练）内容导航01预习航标→析目标·明方向：预习导航精准定向02教材全解

→析教材·学新知：情境概念深度构考点精讲：聚焦常考要点，讲清逻辑例题精析：典型题目带路，学会解题思路即练固基：趁热打铁练一练，巩固刚学内容03过关检测

→练考点·强落实：过关检测分层提关键词学习目标导航学习目标1.能认读、拼写并运用与动植物、自然、生物特征相关的重点词汇与短语，熟练朗读单元对话、科普短文。2.能掌握本单元核心交际句型，熟练运用句型介绍动植物外形、习性、生存特点，表达对自然生物的看法。3.能听懂围绕动植物科普展开的听力材料，精准抓取生物种类、外形特征、生活习性、生存环境等关键信息。4.能读懂介绍奇特动植物的科普简短语篇，梳理文章结构，理解主旨、细节与简单科普知识点。5.能运用所学词汇和句型，口头、书面介绍一种动植物，完成情景问答、科普小短文写作等任务。学习重点1.掌握描述动植物外形、习性、生存环境的核心句型，可灵活问答、转述生物相关信息。2.熟记单元动植物类名词、描述性形容词、固定搭配，掌握动词不定式、while/while表对比的基础用法。3.掌握一般现在时用于介绍生物常态习性的用法，区分thenumberof/anumberof，because与becauseof的使用规则。学习难点1.准确区分except、besides、exceptfor含义，结合科普语境正确选用；辨析watchsbdo/watchsbdoing的用法差异。2.结合科普场景，有条理、完整地用英语介绍动植物，做到特征、习性、生存环境逻辑清晰。3.在口语和写作中综合运用本单元词汇、短语、句型、时态，准确客观描述动植物，句式丰富不单一。1、It'sthelargest/biggestanimalintheworld.它是世界上最大的动物。【详解】形容词和副词的最高级表示三者或三者以上的比较，句中常有范围词（如：intheclass,ofall）。Sheisthetallestgirlinourclass.（她是我们班最高的女生。）最高级前通常加the，副词最高级前可省略。Heruns(the)fastest.（他跑得最快。）【典例】Lindais________studentinourgroup.A．tallB．tallerC．thetallestD．tallest【答案】C【详解】句意：琳达是我们小组里最高的学生。inourgroup表示三者及以上范围，要用形容词最高级；形容词最高级前面必须加定冠词the，A是原级，B是比较级，D缺少the，故选C。【即练1】Ofalltheboys,Tomwrites________.A．carefulB．morecarefulC．mostcarefullyD．themostcarefully【即练2】Thisis________interestingbookamongthesefivebooks.A．themostB．moreC．mostD．much2、BambooisoneofthemostpopularsubjectsinChinesepaintings.竹子是中国画中最受欢迎的主题之一。【详解】“oneofthe+形容词最高级+复数名词”，最……之一。结构要点：1.形容词最高级前必须加the2.后面接复数名词3.谓语动词用单数（因为主语是one）TheGreatWallisoneofthelongestwallsintheworld.长城是世界上最长的墙之一。Sheisoneofthemosttalentedstudentsinourschool.她是学校最有天赋的学生之一。常见错误：×oneofthetalleststudent→✔️oneofthetalleststudents×oneoftallestbuildings→✔️oneofthetallestbuildings【典例】Yuanmingyuanisoneof________oldparksinBeijing.A．themostB．mostC．moreD．themore【答案】A【详解】句意：圆明园是北京最古老的公园之一。固定结构oneofthe+形容词最高级+复数名词，形容词最高级前必须加the；old的最高级为oldest，此处搭配themost（old最高级变形），B缺少定冠词the，C、D为比较级，不符合句型，故选A。【即练1】Sheisoneofthecleverest________inGradeEight.A．girlB．girlsC．agirlD．girl’s【即练2】Oneofthemostpopularsingers________comingtoourcitytomorrow.A．areB．isC．wereD．bePeoplecanuseittobuildhousesandmaketoolsandinstruments.人们可以用它来建造房屋和制作工具及仪器。【详解】use动词、名词。含义：①作动词：使用。CanIuseyourpen?（我能用你的笔吗？）②作名词：用途。What'stheuseofthistool?（这个工具的用途是什么？）【常见搭配】usesth.todosth（用某物做某事）【拓展】use的形容词useful有用的→反义词useless无用的【典例】Wecanusecomputers________ourhomeworkquickly.A．finishB．tofinishC．finishesD．finishing【答案】B【详解】句意：我们可以用电脑快速完成作业。固定搭配usesth.todosth.，意为“用某物去做某事”，此处要用不定式tofinish，其余形式均不符合该短语结构，故选B。【即练1】Thisdictionaryisvery________forEnglishlearners.A．useB．uselessC．usefulD．uses【即练2】Thebrokenbikeis________.Wecan’trideitanymore.A．usefulB．useC．uselessD．usefully4、Actuallyweeatbambooshootstoo.事实上我们也会吃竹笋。【详解】shootn.幼苗；嫩芽Theplanthasnewshootscomingout.（这株植物长出了新芽。）【拓展】shootv.开（枪）；射击；过去式：shotThehuntershotthedeer.（猎人射杀了鹿。）【辨析】shoot与shootat区别“shoot”和“shootat”都与射击有关，但在含义和用法上有区别：①“shoot”表示“射中；射死”，强调射击的结果。②“shootat”强调朝某个方向或目标射击这个动作，不强调是否击中。Heshotthebird.（他射中了那只鸟），重点在鸟被射中这一结果。Heshotatthebird.（他朝那只鸟射击），只说明他朝鸟的方向开枪了，不确定鸟是否被击中。【典例】Thehunter________arabbityesterdayandtookithome.A．shotatB．shotC．shootsD．shootat【答案】B【详解】句意：猎人昨天射中了一只兔子并把它带回了家。yesterday为过去时间，动词用过去式shot；shot表示射中、击中（有结果）；shotat只表示朝……射击，不一定打中。句中猎人带回兔子说明成功击中，故选B。【即练1】Theboy________theappleonthetree,buthemissedit.A．shotB．shootC．shotatD．shootsat【即练2】Whichsentencemeanshehitthetarget?A．Heshotatthetiger.B．Heshotthetiger.C．Heshootatthetiger.D．Heshootsatthetiger.5、WhydoesbamboooftenappearinChinesepaintings?为什么竹子经常出现在中国画中？【详解】appearv.出现；呈现Arainbowappearedinthesky.（彩虹出现在空中。）Thesunappearedfrombehindtheclouds.（太阳从云层后面露出来了。）【拓展】appear可以作为系动词，后可接形容词作表语，也可接不定式。Sheappearshappytoday.（她今天看起来很开心。）Sheappearstoknowalotaboutthesubject.”（她似乎对这个主题了解很多。）【词汇拓展】appearance

n.出现；外观disappear

v.消失【典例】Thelittlegirl________verynervousbeforethespeech.A．appearanceB．appearsC．disappearD．disappears【答案】B【详解】句意：这个小女孩演讲前看起来十分紧张。此处需要谓语动词，appear作系动词后接形容词nervous；appearance是名词；disappear/disappears意为消失，不符合句意；主语girl为三单，用appears，故选B。【即练1】Theplaneflewhigherandhigherandfinally________.A．appearedB．appearanceC．disappearedD．disappear【即练2】Heappears________alltheanswerstothequestion.A．knowB．toknowC．knowingD．knows6、BambooseemstobeaverypopularplantinChina.竹子似乎在中国非常受欢迎。【详解】seem系动词。含义：看起来；似乎。【用法】①后接形容词或名词。Heseemshappy.（他看起来很开心。）②接不定式：seemtodosthTheyseemtoknowtheanswer.（他们似乎知道答案。）③Itseems/seemedthat+句子Itseemsthatheishappy.（他看起来很高兴。）【注意】①三种用法可以互换。②不能用于进行时态，如不能说Heisseemingtired。【典例】Theboyseems________worriedaboutthecomingexam.A．BeB．tobeC．beingD．is【答案】B【详解】句意：这个男孩似乎对即将到来的考试很担心。固定搭配seemtodosth.（似乎做某事），to后接动词原形be，构成seemtobe+形容词结构，其余选项均不符合语法搭配，故选B。【即练1】________thatshewillwinthegame.A．ItseemsB．SheseemsC．ItseemD．Sheseem【即练2】Whichsentenceiscorrect?A．Heisseemingsad.B．Theyseemtired.C．Itseemthatheleaves.D．Sheseemtolikemusic.7、Thecheetahrunsthefastestamongalllandanimals.猎豹是所有陆地动物中跑得最快的。【详解】among介词。含义：在……中间（三者或三者以上）。Sheisstandingamongthetrees.（她站在树林中间。）Thebookishiddenamongthemagazines.（书藏在杂志中间。）【拓展】between用于两者之间：Thehouseisbetweentheriverandthehill.（房子在河和山之间。）【典例】Thereisasmallvillage________thehighmountains.A．betweenB．amongC．forD．with【答案】B【详解】句意：群山之间有一座小村庄。among用于三者及以上事物中间；between仅用于两者之间；mountains是多座山，三者以上，用among，故选B。【即练1】Theparkis________thehospitalandthelibrary.A．amongB．inC．betweenD．under【即练2】Youcanfindyourkey________thosebooksonthedesk.A．betweenB．amongC．behindD．beside8、Somecouldstanduptothreemeterstallandweighupto860kg.有些可以长到三米高，重达860公斤。【详解】（1）upto含义：①直到：表示时间或数量的上限。Thestoreisopenupto10p.m.（商店营业到晚上10点。）②多达：强调数量。Thisbagcanholdupto20books.（这个袋子最多能装20本书。）③由……决定：表示选择权。It'suptoyoutodecide.（由你决定。）weigh动词。含义：①表示“称……的重量”Heweighedtheapplesonthescale.（他在秤上称苹果的重量。）②表示“有……重”Thebabyweighs5kilograms.（这个婴儿重5千克。）【拓展】weigh与weight的区别weigh为动词，Howmuchdoyouweigh?（你的体重多少？）weight为名词，What'syourweight?（你的体重多少？）【典例】—Whowillchoosethetripplace?—It’sup________you.A．forB．toC．withD．at【答案】B【详解】句意：——谁来选旅行地点？——由你来决定。固定句型It’suptosb.表示“由某人决定”，介词只能用to，其余介词搭配均不成立，故选B。【即练1】Thisboxcanhold________fiftykilosoffruit.A．uptoB．upforC．upwithD．upat【即练2】—Howmuchdoestheelephant________?—Idon’tknowits________.A．weigh;weightB．weight;weighC．weighs;weightD．weight;weighs9、Whenautumncomes,oneofthemostpopularactivitiesistotakeawalkunderginkgotrees.当秋天来临时，最受欢迎的活动之一就是在银杏树下散步。【详解】动词不定式作表语结构：系动词（如be,seem,look）+to+动词原形。Mygoalistobecomeascientist.（我的目标是成为一名科学家。）用法：表示主语的目的、计划或未来的动作。Herdreamistotravelaroundtheworld.（她的梦想是环游世界。）对比动名词（ing）作表语：动名词表示习惯性动作，不定式强调具体某次动作。Myhobbyisreadingbooks.（动名词，表示习惯）Myplantodayistoreadabook.（不定式，表示具体计划）【典例】Mydream________avolunteerinthecountryside.A．istobeB．tobeC．isbeingD．be【答案】A【详解】句意：我的梦想是去乡村当一名志愿者。本句为主系表结构，主语Mydream后缺少系动词is；此处表示未来的目标，用不定式tobe作表语。being作表语多表示长期爱好，不符合“梦想”语境，故选A。【即练1】Today’stask________finishallthemathexercisesbeforedinner.A．istoB．toC．isD．toto【即练2】—What’syourhobby?—Myhobby________stamps.A．istocollectB．iscollectingC．tocollectD．collect10、Imagineyougotothesupermarketinyourarea,buttherearealmostnofruits,vegetables,honey,milk,eggs,orchocolate.想象一下，你去了你所在地区的超市，但那里几乎没有水果、蔬菜、蜂蜜、牛奶、鸡蛋或巧克力。【详解】imagine动词含义：想象，设想①后接名词或代词作宾语Ican'timaginelifewithoutyou.（我无法想象没有你的生活。）②后接动名词作宾语Sheimaginedwalkingintheparkalone.（她想象着独自在公园散步。）③后接宾语从句Imaginethatyouareinabeautifulforest.（想象一下你在一片美丽的森林里。）【拓展】名词：imagination想象力形容词：imaginary想象的；虚构的【典例】Canyouimagine________onthemoononeday?A．liveB．toliveC．livingD．lived【答案】C【详解】句意：你能想象有一天住在月球上吗？imagine后接动作作宾语时，只能用动名词doing形式，不能用不定式todo，因此用living，故选C。【即练1】It’shardformeto________howcolditisthere.A．imaginationB．imaginaryC．imagineD．imagines【即练2】Thelittleboyhasrich________andhemakesupmanystories.A．imagineB．imaginationC．imaginaryD．imagining11、Disappointed?Angry?Sad?Atthismomentyourealizepeople,plants,andanimalsareallconnected.失望？愤怒？悲伤？此刻你意识到人、植物和动物都是相互关联的。【详解】（1）disappointed形容词含义：失望的①bedisappointed(with/at/aboutsth.)：对某事感到失望。I'mdisappointedwiththeresultoftheexam.（我对考试结果感到失望。）②bedisappointed(in/withsb.)：对某人感到失望。MyparentsaredisappointedinmebecauseIdidn'tgetgoodgrades.（我父母因为我没取得好成绩而对我感到失望。）③bedisappointedtodosth.：因做某事而感到失望。Hewasdisappointedtohearthathedidn'tgetthejob.（他听到自己没有得到那份工作感到失望。）④bedisappointedthat...：对……感到失望。Sheisdisappointedthatshecan'tgototheconcert.（她因不能去听音乐会而感到失望。）【拓展】①动词disappoint使失望Don'tdisappointme,andfinishthetaskontime.（别让我失望，按时完成任务。）②形容词：有disappointed和disappointing。disappointed用于形容人或人的感受，人作主语。I'mdisappointed.（我很失望。）disappointing用于形容事物，物做主语。Thenewsisdisappointing.（这个消息令人失望。）③名词：disappointment，意为“失望；沮丧；令人失望的人或事”。Tomydisappointment,hedidn'tcome.（令我失望的是，他没有来。）（2）connected形容词含义：连接的，相关的【常见搭配】①beconnectedto（连接到）Thecomputerisconnectedtotheinternet.（电脑联网了。）②beconnectedwith（与……有关）Hisillnessisconnectedwithhisdiet.（他的病与饮食有关。）【拓展】①connect是动词，意为“连接；联结；使……有联系”等。Thebridgeconnectsthetwosidesoftheriver.（这座桥连接着河的两岸。）②名词：connection（连接；联系；关系），Thereisacloseconnectionbetweenthetwoevents.（这两件事之间有密切的联系。）【典例】Ifelt________becausethemoviewas________.A.disappointing;disappointedB.disappointed;disappointingC.disappoint;disappointmentD.disappointment;disappointed【答案】B【详解】句意：我感到很失望，因为这部电影令人扫兴。disappointed修饰人，表“感到失望的”；disappointing修饰事物，表“令人失望的”。第一空主语是人I，用disappointed；第二空主语movie是事物，用disappointing，故选B。【即练1】Myteacherisdisappointed________meforgivingupthecompetition.A.atB.aboutC.inD.to【即练2】Thescientistfoundthatthisillnessisclosely________people’ssleephabits.A.connectedtoB.connectedwithC.connecttoD.connectwith12、Infact,withouttheirwork,about80percentoftheplantsintheworldcannotgrow.实际上，如果没有它们的工作，世界上大约80%的植物无法生长。【详解】（1）infact短语（副词）含义：事实上，其实。相当于actually.Shelooksyoung,butinfactshe’s40.（她看起来年轻，但实际上40岁了。）（2）without介词含义：没有withoutdoing没有做某事①后接名词或代词，Hewenttoschoolwithoutbreakfast.（他没吃早饭就去上学了。）②接动名词，Sheleftwithoutsayinggoodbye.（她没说再见就离开了。）【拓展】without”表示“没有；无；不”，在进行句型转换时，常可以与含否定意义的条件状语从句。原句：Withoutwater,fishcan'tlive.（没有水，鱼就不能生存。）转换句：Ifthereisnowater,fishcan'tlive.（如果没有水，鱼就不能生存。）【典例】Hewalkedout________awordtous.A．withoutsayingB．withoutsayC．notsayD．notsaying【答案】A【详解】句意：他没跟我们说一句话就走了。without是介词，后面必须接动名词doing；withoutdoingsth.表示“没有做某事”，B形式错误，C、D缺少介词without，故选A。【即练1】—Ishetwentyyearsold?—No.________,heisthirty-five.A．AtfactB．InfactC．ForfactD．Withfact【即练2】________air,alllivingthingswoulddie.A．WithB．WithoutC．NoD．Not13、Inordertostorehoney,theycreatehoneycombs.为了储存蜂蜜，它们建造蜂巢。【详解】（1）inorderto”是一个常用的短语，用于表示目的，意为“为了，以便”。后接动词原形，构成“inordertodosth.”结构，在句中作目的状语。Igetupearlyinordertocatchthefirstbus.（我早起是为了赶上第一班公交车。）【拓展】①否定形式，是“inordernottodosth.”。Shetiptoedinordernottowakethebaby.（她踮着脚走，为了不吵醒宝宝。）②与其他表示目的的结构转换可以与“soasto”（以便，为了）转换，但“soasto”不能用于句首。Heranquicklysoasto/inordertocatchthetrain.（他跑得很快为了赶上火车。）还可与“inorderthat”或“sothat”引导的目的状语从句转换，后接从句。Hestudieshardinorderthat/sothathecangetgoodgrades.（他努力学习以便能取得好成绩。）【典例】Shesavedmoneyeveryday________buyanewbike.A．inordertoB．inorderthatC．sothatD．inordernotto【答案】A【详解】句意：她每天存钱是为了买一辆新自行车。空格后为动词原形buy，需用inordertodo表目的；inorderthat/sothat后面接完整句子；inordernotto表否定目的，不符合句意，故选A。【即练1】Hekeptquiet________disturbhissleepingmother.A．inordertoB．inordernottoC．soastoD．sothat【即练2】Whichsentencecan’tbeputatthebeginningofasentence?A．Inordertopasstheexam,hestudieshard.B．Soastopasstheexam,hestudieshard.C．Hestudieshardinordertopasstheexam.D．Hestudieshardsoastopasstheexam.（2）store动词/名词①动词：储存Westorefoodinthefridge.（我们把食物储存在冰箱里。）②名词：商店，相当于shopThere’sabookstorenearmyschool.（我学校附近有一家书店。）（3）create动词含义：创造，创作Artistscreatebeautifulpaintings.（艺术家用颜料创作美丽的画作。）Shecreatedanewgameforchildren.（她为孩子们设计了一款新游戏。）【拓展】形容词creative有创意的；名词creator创造者【典例】Mysisterisa________girl.Shecanalwaysmakewonderfulworks.A．createB．creatorC．creativeD．creation【答案】C【详解】句意：我妹妹是个有创意的女孩，她总能做出很棒的作品。空格修饰名词girl，需用形容词；creative形容词，意为“有创意的”；create动词，creator创造者（人），creation名词（作品），均不合适，故选C。【即练1】Thereisafruit________onthecornerofthestreet.A．storeB．storeupC．createD．creative14、Anotherinterestingthingaboutbeesishowtheycommunicate.蜜蜂的另一个有趣之处在于它们如何交流。【详解】（1）“another”表示“又一的，再一个（或一批）的”，①用于泛指三个或三个以上同类事物中的另一个。Canyougivemeanotherapple?（你能再给我一个苹果吗？）②后接数词时，数词放在another后面，意为“另外的……，再……”。结构：another+数字+名词=数字+more+名词。Weneedanotherthreechairs.（我们还需要三把椅子。）=Weneedthreemorechairs.【固定搭配】“oneanother”表示“互相，彼此”。Theyhelponeanother.（他们互相帮助。）（2）communicate动词含义：交流，沟通名词communication【常见搭配】①communicatewithsb.（与某人交流）Wecommunicatewitheachotherbyphone.（我们通过电话交流。）②communicatein+语言（用某种语言交流）TheycommunicateinEnglish.（他们用英语交流。）③communicatesthtosb（向某人传达某事）It'simportanttocommunicateyourfeelingstoyourfriends.（向朋友表达你的感受很重要。）【典例】Iwant________twopensformylittlebrothers.A．anotherB．otherC．othersD．theother【答案】A【详解】句意：我想再要两支钢笔给我的弟弟们。another+数词+名词，表示“再、另外几……”；other不能直接搭配数词放前面，others后不接名词，theother特指两者中的另一个，故选A。【即练1】Teenagersshould________theirparentsmoreoften.A．communicatetoB．communicatewithC．communicateinD．communicateabout【即练2】Weshouldlearntohelp________whenweareintrouble.A．oneanotherB．anotheroneC．otheroneD．anotherothers15、Beesplayanimportantpartintheecosystemofourplanet.蜜蜂在我们地球的生态系统中扮演着重要角色。【详解】playapart(insth)参与某事Everyoneplaysapartinprotectingtheenvironment.（每个人都在保护环境中起作用。）Teachersplayanimportantpartinstudents'growth.（老师在学生的成长中起重要作用。）【固定短语】playapartindoingsth（在做某事中起作用）Exerciseplaysapartinkeepinghealthy.（锻炼在保持健康中起作用。）【同义表达】playarole(insth)【典例】Everyoneplaysapartin________ourcityclean.A．keepB．tokeepC．keepingD．keeps【答案】C【详解】句意：每个人都在保持城市整洁这件事上发挥作用。固定搭配playapartindoingsth.，in是介词，后面接动名词，因此用keeping，故选C。【即练1】Reading________animportantpartinchildren’sstudy.A．playB．playsC．playingD．toplay【即练2】Sportsplayarole________buildingupourbodies.A．inB．onC．atD．for16、Thinkaboutwhatyoucandotoprotectoneofthemostamazinganimalsonearth.想想你能做些什么来保护地球上最令人惊叹的动物之一。【详解】protectv.保护；防护Wemustprotectwildlife.（我们必须保护野生动物。）Weshouldprotectchildrenfromdanger.（我们应该保护儿童免受危险。）【词汇拓展】protection

n.保护protectiveadj.保护的反义词harmv.伤害【常见搭配】protect...from/against...保护...免受...Sunglassesprotecteyesfromsunlight.（墨镜保护眼睛免受阳光伤害。）【典例】Weshouldprotectoureyes________strongsunlight.A．forB．fromC．withD．at【答案】B【详解】句意：我们应该保护眼睛免受强烈阳光的伤害。固定搭配protect…from…保护……免受……，其余介词无此搭配，故选B。【即练1】Peopleneedthe________ofthelawtostaysafe.A．protectB．protectionC．protectiveD．protected【即练2】Wearinghatscan________usagainstthehotsun.A．protectB．harmC．protectingD．harmed17、However,thenumberofbeesisdropping,andscientistsareworried.然而，蜜蜂的数量正在减少，科学家们对此感到担忧。【详解】（1）however表示转折，意为“然而，可是”，常位于句首、句中或句末，用逗号与句子其他部分隔开。位于句首时，However,Ididn'tagreewithhim.（然而，我不同意他的观点。）位于句中时，Thebookisexpensive,however,it'sworthreading.（这本书很贵，然而它值得一读。）位于句末时，Hesaidhewouldcome;hedidn't,however.（他说他会来，然而他却没来。）（2）thenumberof（...的数量）用法：1.后接可数名词复数2.谓语动词用单数形式Thenumberofstudentsinourclassis45.我们班的学生数是45个。【拓展】anumberof=many（许多），谓语动词用复数Anumberofbirdsareflyinginthesky.许多鸟正在天上飞。（3）drop动词掉落，下降“落下，掉下”：Leavesdroppedfromthetreesinautumn.（秋天树叶从树上落下。）“使落下，使掉下”：Becarefulnottodropthevase.（小心别把花瓶弄掉了。）“放弃，停止做（某事）”：Hedroppedhisplantogoabroad.（他放弃了出国的计划。）“让……下车”：Couldyoudropmeoffatthestation?（你能让我在车站下车吗？）“降低，减少”：Theydroppedthepriceofthehouse.（他们降低了房子的价格。）【拓展】作名词，意为“滴”，常用于短语“adropof”，表示“一滴……”。Thereisadropofwateronthetable.（桌子上有一滴水。）【词组】dropin：顺便拜访。dropby：顺便访问。dropinto：偶然进入；顺便进入。（4）worried形容词含义：担心的；动词worry【常见搭配】beworriedaboutsb./sth.（担心某人/某事）=worryaboutsb/sthSheisworriedaboutherexam.（她担心考试。）【典例】________,thenumberoftheworkers________smallerthanbefore.A.However;isB.However;areC.But;isD.But;are【答案】A【详解】句意：然而，工人的数量比以前更少了。however放句首后面要加逗号；thenumberof表示“……的数量”，作主语谓语用单数is；but后面不接逗号，故选A。【即练1】________studentsinthisschoollikeplayingbasketball.A.ThenumberofB.AnumberofC.NumberofD.Numbers【即练2】Thetemperaturewill________quicklyatnight.A.dropB.dropofC.dropinD.dropby18、Thesmallestfrogsareaboutthesizeofapea,whilelargeronescangrowasbigasahumanhand.最小的青蛙大约有豌豆那么大，而较大的可以长到和人的手掌一样大。【详解】（1）thesizeof表示“……的大小”，用于描述尺寸或规模。Thesizeofourclassroomisabout60squaremeters.（我们教室的大小约60平方米。）What'sthesizeofyourschoolbag?（你的书包多大？）（2）while连词①引导时间状语从句，意为“当……时候”（强调两个动作同时进行）。while引导时间状语从句时，主句和从句常用过去进行时（表示同时发生）。WhileIwasreading,mysisterwaswatchingTV.（我读书时，妹妹在看电视。）②表示对比，意为“然而”。Shelikesmusic,whileIprefersports.（她喜欢音乐，而我更喜欢运动。）【典例】Mymotherwascooking________myfatherwaswashingdishes.A.whileB.whenC.ifD.because【答案】A【详解】句意：妈妈做饭的时候，爸爸在洗碗。主从句均为过去进行时，强调两个持续性动作同时发生，用while引导；when多接短暂性动作，if如果，because因为，不符合语境，故选A。【即练1】What’s________yournewbedroom?A.sizeofB.thesizeofC.asizeofD.sizesof【即练2】Tomisoutgoing,________hisbrotherisquiet.A.whileB.soC.orD.but19、Becauseofthis,theyarepopularsubjectsinstudiesonclimatechangeandtheecosystem.因此，它们在气候变化和生态系统研究中是热门主题。【详解】①becauseof介词短语，意为“因为；由于”，后接名词、代词或动名词。becauseof后不能接句子，若接句子需用because（连词）。Wedidn'tgooutbecauseoftherain.（因为下雨，我们没出去。）；Hefailedtheexambecauseofhiscarelessness.（他因为粗心考试没及格。）②study作动词时，意为“学习；研究”。作名词时，意为“学习；研究；书房”。ShestudiesEnglisheveryday.（她每天学英语。）Ihavetodomystudynow.（我现在得学习了。）Thisismystudy.（这是我的书房。）【典例】Hestayedathome________theheavyrain.A.becauseB.becauseofC.soD.but【答案】B【详解】句意：因为大雨，他待在了家里。空格后theheavyrain是名词短语，要用介词短语becauseof；because是连词，后面必须接完整句子，故选B。【即练1】Hedidn’tsleepwell________heworriedabouthisstudy.A.becauseofB.becauseC.forD.with【即练2】Myfatherspendslotsoftimeinhis________readingbookseverynight.A.studyB.studiesC.studyingD.tostudy20、Manypeoplelikewatchingbluewhalesswim.许多人喜欢观看蓝鲸游泳。【详解】watchsbdosth：观看某人做了某事；强调观看某人做某事的全过程，注重动作的完整性。Iwatchedhimplaybasketballfromstarttofinish.（我看他打了整场篮球。）【拓展】​watchsbdoingsth：观看某人正在做某事；强调观看某人正在做某事，突出动作在某个特定时刻正在进行。IwatchedhimplayingbasketballwhenIpassedbytheplayground.（我路过操场时，看到他正在打篮球。）【典例】Iwatchedmybrother________TVwhenIopenedthedoor.A．watchB．watchingC．towatchD．watched【答案】B【详解】句意：我开门的时候看见弟弟正在看电视。whenIopenedthedoor是特定瞬间，强调动作正在发生，用watchsb.doingsth.，故选B。【即练1】Wewatchedtheplayers________thegameandcheeredloudly.A．winB．winningC．winsD．towin【即练2】Whichsentencemeansyousawthewholeaction?A．Iwatchedherdrawapicture.B．Iwatchedherdrawingapicture.C．Iwatchhertodrawapicture.D．Iwatchedherdrewapicture.21、BluewhalesliveinalloceansexceptArcticOcean.蓝鲸生活在所有海洋中，除了北极洋。【详解】exceptprep.除……之外都......；除了EveryoneexceptJohnpassedthetest.（除约翰外，大家都通过了考试。）Everyonewenttotheparkexceptme.（除了我，大家都去公园了。）【易错点辨析】besides/except/exceptfor“besides”“except”和“exceptfor”都有“除……之外”的意思，但用法上有区别：①besides表示“除……之外，还有……”，强调包括在内。BesidesEnglish,healsolearnsFrench.（除了英语，他还学法语。）这里表明他学习的语言包括英语和法语。②except表示“除……之外”，排除在外。EveryoneishereexceptTom.（除了汤姆，大家都在这儿。）意味着汤姆不在这儿，被排除在“Everyone”之外。③exceptfor用于引述一个相反的原因或细节，修正前面所说的情况，强调整体中的部分排除。Theroomisemptyexceptforachair.（房间里除了一把椅子外，什么都没有。）先描述房间整体是空的，然后指出有一把椅子是例外情况。【典例】Allstudentswenthiking________Lily.Shewasillathome.A.besidesB.exceptC.exceptforD.with【答案】B【详解】句意：除了莉莉，所有学生都去徒步了，她生病在家。except表示把对象排除在外；besides是包含在内；exceptfor用于修正整体描述，本句所有人里唯独Lily没去，用except，故选B。【即练1】________math,hestudiesphysicsandchemistry.A.ExceptB.ExceptforC.BesidesD.Without【即练2】Thearticleisgood________afewspellingmistakes.A.exceptB.besidesC.exceptforD.beside一、单项选择1．—DidJackandMarygotothemovieswithyou,Tina?—Iinvitedthem,buttheydidn’t________.A．forget B．perform C．appear D．describe2．—Didyoulearnanyotherstudymethods_______takingnotes?—Yes,Ilearnedthree.ButIhaveforgottenall_______afewstepsofeach.A．besides;besides B．except;exceptC．except;besides D．besides;except3．Thepackage________almostfivekilograms.It’stooheavyformetocarry.A．gets B．fills C．weighs D．carries4．Myparentswere________thatIdidn’tdowellintheexam.IpromisedthemIwouldstudyhardernexttime.A．disappointed B．proud C．lively D．elderly5．—Chinaisover5,000yearsold.It’soneof________countriesintheworld.—Yes,ithasamuch________historythanmanycountries.A．old;long B．older;longer C．oldest;longest D．theoldest;longer6．—Thereisastrong________betweenhardworkandsuccess.—Ithinkso.Nopain,nogain.A．story B．connection C．promise D．hobby7．—________lyingonabeachwithsunshineandcooldrinks!—Thatsoundswonderful!A．Imagine B．Remember C．Practice D．Enjoy8．Iforgotmyhomework.________,myteacherwasangry.A．Becarefulwith B．Forthisreason C．Takeawalk D．Gettogether9．Ontheotherside,youmustbelieveinyourselffirst________makefriends.A．aswellas B．becauseof C．insteadof D．inorderto10．—Whatdoestheword“volunteer”mean?—Oh,itmeansapersonwhodoesajob________beingpaidforit.A．with B．for C．without D．against二、根据汉语提示填写短语1．Shemissedthebus,_____________,shewaslateforschool.(出于这个原因)2．Mygrandfather________afterdinnereverydaytokeephealthy.(散步)3．________protectthesmallbirds,weputupwarningsignsneartheirnests.(为了)4．Ithoughthewasadoctor.________,heisanactor.(事实上)5．Someelephantsstanduptothreemeterstalland__________________(重达)to860kg.(根据汉语提示完成句子)三、根据所给词的适当形式填空1．Allthefanswere________(disappoint)becausethesingerdidn’tappearonthestage.2．Wecan’tlive________(with)air,soweshouldtryourbesttokeeptheairclean.3．Wemustrealizethe________(important)ofprotectingginkgotrees.4．Thereisastrong___________(connect)betweenreadingmorebooksandgettingbettergrades.5．Her________(good)andkindnesswoneveryone’sheart.6．Thesingerdidn’tmakeapublic_______________(appear)foramonth,soherfansmissedheralot.7．Thelawcouldgivebetter________(protect)topeoplewhogethurt.8．True________comesfromhelpingothers.(happy)9．________(actual),thecitywalkisanewtypeoftravelling.10．Thebluewhaleisoneof________animalsintheworld.(amaze)四、完形填空阅读下面短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Onweekendsandholidays,ShanghaiZooisfullofexcitedvisitors!Everyonewantstoseethezoo’snewstar-acuteBengal1namedHongTang,orBrownSugar.BorninAugust2024,HongTangisnowjustover1yearold.Everyday,thousandsofvisitorscometothezootoseethecutetiger.Somepeopleeven2foraboutanhourjusttoseeherfor10minutes!HongTang3abig,goldencat.Sheisplayfulandfullof4.Shelovestorunaroundandsometimescomes5totheglasswalltosayhellotovisitors.Manypeople6photosandvideosofheronlineandsheisnowverypopular.Onepersonsaidsheoftencameto7HongTang.“Thetigerisassweetasher8.Seeinghermakesmefeelrelaxedand9,”shewroteonline.HongTangisfriendlyandclosetopeople10shehadaspecialstart.Hermotherleftherwhenshewasborn.Kindzooworkersbegantolookafterherandthankstotheir11,sheisnowhealthyandstrong.AsHongTanggrewbigger,zooworkersdecidedtomovehertoa12spaceinthezooinMarchthisyear.Volunteerscametohelp13hernewhome.Theycleanedtheareaandsetupfunthingsforhertoplaywith.AlthoughHongTanglikesbeingaroundpeople,zooworkers14visitorstostayquietandnottoteaseher.Thisway,HongTangcanstayhappyandhealthy!Thezoo15sellsthingslikebeautifulcardsandcupswithHongTang’spicturesonthem.Theselovelythingshelppeopleremembertheirfundayatthezoo!1．A．elephant B．tiger C．bear D．lion2．A．wait B．speak C．search D．fight3．A．worriesabout B．listensto C．turnsinto D．lookslike4．A．hope B．money C．energy D．time5．A．together B．early C．outside D．close6．A．compared B．shared C．described D．painted7．A．visit B．cover C．save D．guide8．A．job B．size C．name D．smell9．A．soy B．shy C．surprised D．happy10．A．while B．because C．if D．before11．A．luck B．mind C．care D．goal12．A．larger B．stranger C．shorter D．darker13．A．find B．decorate C．sell D．watch14．A．protect B．connect C．invite D．remind15．A．only B．almost C．also D．soon五、阅读理解Whetheryou’venoticeditornot,fewerandfewerbeesarearoundusnow.Aboutonequarteroftheworld’s20,000speciesofbeeshavedisappearedsince1990.Therearemanyreasonsforthat,includingtoomuchuseofpesticides(杀虫剂),lossofplantsandhumanactivitiesthatdamage(破坏)theirlivingplaces.Butthemainreasonistheweatherconditions,whicharechangingthebees’livingenvironmentinafasterwaythantheyareabletogetusedto.AmapofwherebeesliveacrosstheworldwasjustmadebyscientistsfromChinaandtheUS.Tohelppeopleknowaboutbeesandprotectthembetter,theytriedtofindoutdifferentkindsofbeesindifferentareas.Accordingtothemap,therearemorespeciesofbeesinthenorthhalfthaninthe