定语从句考试试题及答案及解析

定语从句考试试题及答案及解析考试时长：120分钟满分：100分一、单选题（总共10题，每题2分，总分20分）1.下列哪个句子中使用了正确的定语从句结构？A.ThebookwhichIboughtyesterdayisveryinteresting.B.Thebook,thatIboughtyesterday,isveryinteresting.C.Thebookwhichisveryinteresting,Iboughtyesterday.D.Iboughtthebookwhichisveryinterestingyesterday.2."Thegirl___issingingismysister."下列哪个关系代词填入空格最合适？A.whoB.whomC.whichD.whose3."Thisisthepark___wespentourchildhood."下列哪个关系代词填入空格最合适？A.whereB.whenC.whichD.whom4."Theman___Ispoketoyesterdayisafamouswriter."下列哪个关系代词填入空格最合适？A.whoB.whomC.whoseD.which5."Thehouse___wasbuiltin1800isnowamuseum."下列哪个关系代词填入空格最合适？A.whichB.thatC.whoD.whom6."Theteacher___studentsrespectisverykind."下列哪个关系代词填入空格最合适？A.whoB.whomC.whoseD.which7."Thecity___Iliveinisverybeautiful."下列哪个关系代词填入空格最合适？A.whichB.thatC.whoD.where8."Thebook___Iamreadingisverydifficult."下列哪个关系代词填入空格最合适？A.whichB.thatC.whoD.whom9."Thewoman___yousawyesterdayismymother."下列哪个关系代词填入空格最合适？A.whoB.whomC.whoseD.which10."Themountain___weclimbedlastweekendisveryhigh."下列哪个关系代词填入空格最合适？A.whichB.thatC.whoD.where二、填空题（总共10题，每题2分，总分20分）1.Thebook___isonthetablebelongstomyfriend._______2.Thegirl___iswearingareddressismysister._______3.Thecity___hasapopulationofoveronemillionisabigcity._______4.Theman___worksinthebankisveryfriendly._______5.Themovie___wewatchedlastnightwasveryinteresting._______6.Thehouse___wasbuiltin1900isnowahistoricalsite._______7.Theteacher___studentsloveisverypatient._______8.Thepark___weoftengotoisverylarge._______9.Thebook___Iborrowedfromthelibraryisveryinformative._______10.Thewoman___youspoketoyesterdayisadoctor._______三、判断题（总共10题，每题2分，总分20分）1."Thebookwhichisonthetableismine."（正确/错误）2."Thegirlwhoissingingismysister."（正确/错误）3."Thisistheparkwherewespentourchildhood."（正确/错误）4."ThemanwhomIspoketoyesterdayisafamouswriter."（正确/错误）5."Thehousewhichwasbuiltin1800isnowamuseum."（正确/错误）6."Theteacherwhostudentsrespectisverykind."（正确/错误）7."ThecitywhichIliveinisverybeautiful."（正确/错误）8."ThebookthatIamreadingisverydifficult."（正确/错误）9."Thewomanwhoyousawyesterdayismymother."（正确/错误）10."Themountainthatweclimbedlastweekendisveryhigh."（正确/错误）四、简答题（总共4题，每题4分，总分16分）1.简述定语从句的定义及其作用。2.解释关系代词who,whom,whose,which,that,where,when的用法区别。3.列举三个使用定语从句的句子，并说明每个句子中定语从句的作用。4.说明定语从句中关系代词的先行词必须是具体名词时，如何选择关系代词。五、应用题（总共4题，每题6分，总分24分）1.将以下句子改写为定语从句：Thebookisveryinteresting.Iboughtityesterday.2.将以下句子改写为定语从句：Thecityisverybig.Weliveinit.3.将以下句子改写为定语从句：Thewomanisadoctor.Youspoketoheryesterday.4.将以下句子改写为定语从句：Themountainisveryhigh.Weclimbeditlastweekend.【标准答案及解析】一、单选题1.A解析：定语从句结构正确，"whichIboughtyesterday"修饰"Thebook"。2.A解析：关系代词"who"指代"Thegirl"，并在从句中作主语。3.A解析：关系代词"where"指代"Thepark"，并在从句中作地点状语。4.B解析：关系代词"whom"指代"Theman"，并在从句中作宾语。5.B解析：关系代词"that"指代"Thehouse"，并在从句中作主语。6.A解析：关系代词"who"指代"Theteacher"，并在从句中作主语。7.D解析：关系代词"where"指代"Thecity"，并在从句中作地点状语。8.A解析：关系代词"which"指代"Thebook"，并在从句中作主语。9.A解析：关系代词"who"指代"Thewoman"，并在从句中作主语。10.D解析：关系代词"where"指代"Themountain"，并在从句中作地点状语。二、填空题1.which解析：关系代词"which"指代"Thebook"，并在从句中作主语。2.who解析：关系代词"who"指代"Thegirl"，并在从句中作主语。3.which解析：关系代词"which"指代"Thecity"，并在从句中作主语。4.who解析：关系代词"who"指代"Theman"，并在从句中作主语。5.which解析：关系代词"which"指代"Themovie"，并在从句中作主语。6.that解析：关系代词"that"指代"Thehouse"，并在从句中作主语。7.who解析：关系代词"who"指代"Theteacher"，并在从句中作主语。8.which解析：关系代词"which"指代"Thepark"，并在从句中作主语。9.which解析：关系代词"which"指代"Thebook"，并在从句中作主语。10.who解析：关系代词"who"指代"Thewoman"，并在从句中作主语。三、判断题1.正确解析：定语从句结构正确，"whichisonthetable"修饰"Thebook"。2.正确解析：定语从句结构正确，"whoissinging"修饰"Thegirl"。3.正确解析：定语从句结构正确，"wherewespentourchildhood"修饰"Thepark"。4.错误解析：关系代词"whom"应为"who"，因为"whom"作宾语，而这里需要主语。5.正确解析：定语从句结构正确，"whichwasbuiltin1800"修饰"Thehouse"。6.正确解析：定语从句结构正确，"whostudentsrespect"修饰"Theteacher"。7.正确解析：定语从句结构正确，"whereIlive"修饰"Thecity"。8.正确解析：定语从句结构正确，"whichIamreading"修饰"Thebook"。9.正确解析：定语从句结构正确，"whoyousaw"修饰"Thewoman"。10.正确解析：定语从句结构正确，"thatweclimbed"修饰"Themountain"。四、简答题1.定语从句是一种修饰名词或代词的从句，用来提供更多关于先行词的信息。定语从句的作用是限定、描述或定义先行词，使句子更加具体和清晰。2.关系代词的用法区别：-who：指人，作主语或宾语。-whom：指人，作宾语。-whose：指人或物，作所有格。-which：指物，作主语或宾语。-that：指人或物，作主语或宾语，无性别和数的变化。-where：指地点，作地点状语。-when：指时间，作时间状语。3.例句：-Thebookwhichisonthetablebelongstomyfriend.（定语从句修饰"Thebook"）-Thegirlwhoiswearingareddressismysister.（定语从句修饰"Thegirl"）-Thecitywhereweliveisverybeautiful.（定语从句修饰"Thecity"）4.先行词为具体名词时，选择关系代词的依据：-指人时，用who（主语）或whom（宾语）。-指物时，用which（主语或宾语）或that（主语或宾语）。-指地点或时间时，用where（地点）或when（时间）。五、应用题1.ThebookwhichIboughtyesterdayisveryinteresting.解析：将两个句子合并为一个定语从句，"whichIboughtyesterday"修饰"Thebook"。2.Thecitywhichweliveinisverybig.解析：将