朔州市2026年上半年全国英语等级考试（PETS）复习试题及答案高分策略(全新版)第五级

朔州市2026年上半年全国英语等级考试（PETS）复习试题及答案高分策略(全新版)第五级SectionI:ListeningComprehensionDirections:ThissectionisdesignedtotestyourabilitytounderstandspokenEnglish.Readthefollowingtranscriptofalectureonmarinebiologyandcompletethetasksbelowbasedontheinformationprovided.Transcript:Welcometotoday'smarinebiologylecture.Wewillbedelvingintotheabyssalzone,thepitch-blacklayeroftheoceanwheresunlightneverpenetrates.Coveringovereighty-threepercentoftheoceanfloor,theabyssalzoneremainsoneofEarth'sfinalfrontiers.Characterizedbynear-freezingtemperaturesandcrushingpressure,itwaslongdeemedabarrendesert.However,modernsubmersibletechnologyhasunveiledasurprisinglydiversehabitat.Thediscoveryofhydrothermalventsinthelatetwentiethcenturyshatteredtheconventionalbeliefthatalllifedependedonsunlight.Atthesevents,superheatedwater,richinmineralslikehydrogensulfide,gushesfromtheEarth'scrust.Here,chemoautotrophicbacteriaformthebaseofthefoodweb.Thesemicroorganismsutilizeaprocesscalledchemosynthesistoconvertinorganiccompoundsintoorganicmatter,sustainingcomplexcommunitiesofgianttubeworms,clams,andblindshrimp,alluniquelyadaptedtothedarkness.Researchersutilizeadvancedsonarsystemstomapthistreacherousterrain.Thefundamentalprincipleofsonardistancecalculationisexpressedasd=,wheredrepresentsthedepth,visthevelocityofsoundinwater,andtPartA:FillintheBlanksDirections:Completethefollowingsentencesbasedonthetranscript.Usenomorethanthreewordsforeachblank.1.Theabyssalzoneischaracterizedbynear-freezingtemperaturesand________.2.Thediscoveryofhydrothermalventsshatteredthebeliefthatalllifedependedon________.3.Chemoautotrophicbacteriausechemosynthesistoconvertinorganiccompoundsinto________.4.Inthesonarformulad=,thevariablev5.Currently,humanshaveexploredlessthan________ofthedeepsea.PartB:MultipleChoiceQuestionsDirections:ChoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,C,andD.6.Whatwasthetraditionalbeliefabouttheabyssalzonebeforethediscoveryofhydrothermalvents?A)Itwasrichinmineralresources.B)Itwasabarrendesert.C)Itwasteemingwithvisiblelife.D)Itwaseasilyaccessible.7.Whatsustainsthecomplexcommunitiesofgianttubewormsandclamsatthehydrothermalvents?A)PhotosynthesisB)ChemosynthesisC)SunlightD)Phytoplankton8.Accordingtotheformulad=,whatdoesthevariabletA)ThedepthoftheoceanB)ThetemperatureofthewaterC)ThetimeintervalfortheechotoreturnD)Thevelocityofthesubmarine9.Whyaretheorganismsintheabyssalzonedescribedas"uniquelyadapted"?A)Theycansurvivewithoutanyfood.B)Theyrelyonsunlightforenergy.C)Theythriveinextremepressureanddarkness.D)Theycanwithstandboilingtemperatures.10.Whatcanbeinferredabouttheexplorationofthedeepsea?A)Itisnearlycomplete.B)Itisheavilyreliantonsatellitetechnology.C)Itisstillinitsearlystages.D)Itistoodangeroustocontinue.PartC:ShortAnswerQuestionsDirections:Answerthefollowingquestionsbrieflybasedonthetranscript.11.Whatprocessdochemoautotrophicbacteriausetoproduceorganicmatter?12.Whatarethetwomainenvironmentalconditionsmentionedthatmaketheabyssalzoneextreme?SectionII:UseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtextandchoosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblank.Theadventofartificialintelligenceinhealthcarehassparkedbothunprecedentedenthusiasmandprofoundethicaldebates.AIalgorithmscannowdiagnosecertaindiseaseswithaccuracy(13)thatofhumanphysicians.Byanalyzingvastdatasetsofmedicalimages,AIcandetect(14)anomaliesthatmight(15)thehumaneye.However,thistechnologicalleapraises(16)concerns.The"blackbox"natureofsomeAImodelsmeansthatdoctorscannotalwaysunderstand(17)theAIreacheditsconclusion.IfanAIsystemmakesa(18)error,whoislegallyresponsible?Thesoftwaredeveloper,thehospital,ortheattendingphysician?To(19)theserisks,medicalinstitutionsarecallingfor(20)guidelines.Furthermore,theintegrationofAIintoclinicalpracticerequiresrigorous(21)toensurethatalgorithmsdonotperpetuateexistingbiasesinhealthcare(22).Forinstance,ifanAIistrainedprimarilyondatafromonedemographic,itsaccuracymay(23)whenappliedtootherpopulations.Therefore,themedicalcommunitymustadvocatefor(24)datasetsthataccuratelyreflectthediversityoftheglobalpatientpool.Ultimately,thegoalisnottoreplacehumandoctorsbutto(25)theircapabilities,creatingasynergisticrelationshipwhereAIservesasapowerful(26)tool.13.A.rivalingB.rivalC.rivaledD.torival14.A.subtleB.obviousC.massiveD.trivial15.A.catchB.meetC.escapeD.attract16.A.trivialB.significantC.superficialD.ambiguous17.A.howB.whyC.whenD.where18.A.fatalB.beneficialC.negligibleD.preventive19.A.exacerbateB.mitigateC.ignoreD.maximize20.A.vagueB.stringentC.flexibleD.redundant21.A.testingB.marketingC.productionD.disposal22.A.deliveryB.denialC.receptionD.distortion23.A.improveB.fluctuateC.declineD.stabilize24.A.homogeneousB.limitedC.comprehensiveD.biased25.A.replaceB.augmentC.diminishD.hinder26.A.diagnosticB.recreationalC.administrativeD.decorativeSectionIII:ReadingComprehensionPartA:MultipleChoiceQuestionsDirections:Readthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsthatfollow.Quantumcomputingrepresentsaparadigmshiftincomputationalpower.Unlikeclassicalcomputersthatusebitsrepresentingeither0or1,quantumcomputersusequbits.Qubitscanexistinastateofsuperposition,representingboth0and1simultaneously.Furthermore,throughaphenomenonknownasquantumentanglement,thestateofonequbitisdirectlycorrelatedwithanother,regardlessofthedistanceseparatingthem.Thisallowsquantumcomputerstoprocessvastamountsofdataatanexponentialrate,potentiallysolvingcomplexproblemsthatwouldtakeclassicalcomputersmillenniatocrack.However,qubitsarehighlyfragile.Environmentalinterference,suchastemperaturefluctuationsorelectromagneticradiation,cancause"decoherence,"destroyingthequantumstateandrenderingcalculationsuseless.Tomitigatethis,qubitsmustbemaintainedatnear-absolutezerotemperatures.Despitetheseimmenseengineeringchallenges,thepotentialapplicationsarestaggering.Incryptography,quantumcomputerscouldbreakcurrentencryptionstandards,necessitatingthedevelopmentofquantum-resistantalgorithms.Inmedicine,theycouldsimulatecomplexmolecularstructures,acceleratingdrugdiscovery.Inlogistics,theycouldoptimizeglobalsupplychainsinreal-time.Theracetoachieve"quantumsupremacy"—thepointwhereaquantumcomputercanperformatasknoclassicalcomputercan—isnotmerelyascientificendeavorbutageopoliticalone,withnationsinvestingbillionstosecureafootholdinthistransformativetechnology.27.Accordingtothetext,whatistheprimaryadvantageofqubitsoverclassicalbits?A)Theyprocessdatasequentially.B)Theycanexistinsuperposition.C)Theyarelessaffectedbytemperature.D)Theyuselesselectricalpower.28.Whatcauses"decoherence"inaquantumcomputer?A)SuperpositionB)QuantumentanglementC)EnvironmentalinterferenceD)Near-absolutezerotemperatures29.Whyarequantumcomputersathreattocurrentencryptionstandards?A)Theycanprocessdataatanexponentialrate.B)Theyoperateatnear-absolutezero.C)Theyusequantum-resistantalgorithms.D)Theyaretoosmalltobedetected.30.Whatdoestheterm"quantumsupremacy"referto?A)Theabilitytooperateatroomtemperature.B)Thepointwhereaquantumcomputersolvesaproblemunsolvablebyclassicalcomputers.C)Thegeopoliticaldominanceofasinglenation.D)Thesimulationofmolecularstructures.31.Whatistheauthor'soveralltoneinthepassage?A)PessimisticanddismissiveB)ObjectivebutcautiousC)EnthusiasticanduncriticalD)SarcasticandcynicalPartB:SentenceInsertionDirections:Inthefollowingtext,somesentenceshavebeenremoved.ChoosethemostsuitablesentencefromthelistA-Gtofilleachofthenumberedblanks.Therearetwoextrasentencesthatdonotfit.Minimalisminmodernarchitecturegoesbeyondmereaestheticpreference;itisaprofoundreactionagainsttheclutterandconsumerismofmodernsociety.(32)________.Itseekstorevealtheessentialqualityofbuildingsandspaces.Byreducingelementstotheirfundamentalforms,minimalistarchitectureemphasizesthepurityofmaterials.Forinstance,theuseofrawconcreteandvastexpansesofglasseliminatestheneedforunnecessarydecoration.(33)________.Naturallightbecomesaprimaryarchitecturalmaterial,dynamicallyalteringtheperceptionofspacethroughouttheday.Furthermore,thespatialcompositionismeticulouslyplannedtoavoidanysenseofconfinement.(34)________.Thisvoidisnotanemptiness,butratheracanvasfortheoccupant'smind.ThephilosophydrawsheavilyontraditionalJapanesearchitecture,whichhaslongunderstoodthebeautyofemptyspace.(35)________.Inthiscontext,minimalismisnotaboutdeprivation,butaboutcreatinganenvironmentthatfosterstranquilityandfocus.(36)________.A.Insteadoffillingaroomwithobjects,theminimalistarchitectembracesthevoid.B.Thisapproachstripsawayanythingthatdoesnotserveafunctionalpurpose.C.Theinterplayoflightandshadowreplacestheneedforornamentation.D.Manycriticsarguethatminimalismistoocoldanduninvitingfordailyliving.E.Ultimately,itisanarchitectureofintentionality,whereeverydetailmatters.F.Itisanarchitecturedeeplyrootedintheconceptof"lessismore."G.ThetraditionalJapanesehouseusesslidingscreenstocreateflexiblespaces.SectionIV:TranslationPartA:EnglishtoChineseTranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChinese.37.Theexponentialgrowthofdigitalinformationhasrenderedtraditionalarchivalmethodsobsolete,necessitatingthedevelopmentofsophisticatedalgorithmscapableofcatalogingandretrievingdatawithunprecedentedefficiency.38.Whileglobalizationhasundeniablybridgedculturaldivides,ithassimultaneouslyprecipitatedtheerosionofindigenouslanguages,promptingurgentcallsforcomprehensivepreservationstrategies.PartB:ChinesetoEnglishTranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.39.随着可再生能源的迅猛发展，传统化石燃料的主导地位正面临着前所未有的挑战，这不仅重塑了全球能源格局，也深刻影响了地缘政治的平衡。40.中国的高铁网络不仅是交通运输领域的一次技术奇迹，更是促进区域经济一体化、缩小城乡差距的重要催化剂。SectionV:WritingPartA:PracticalWritingDirections:Youarethepresidentofthestudentunion.WriteanemailtoDr.Smith,anexpertinmarineconservation,invitinghimtodeliverakeynotespeechataninternationalacademicconferenceonmarineconservation.Theemailshouldinclude:1)Thepurposeoftheemail.2)Thethemeandtimeoftheconference.3)Thelogisticalarrangements(travelandaccommodation).Youshouldwriteabout100words.PartB:EssayWritingDirections:Somepeoplearguethatrapidtechnologicaladvancementisleadingtoahomogenizationofglobalcultureandalossofdistinctculturalidentities.Towhatextentdoyouagreeordisagree?Writeanessayofnolessthan250wordstoexpressyourviews.***AnswerKeyandDetailedExplanationsSectionI:ListeningComprehensionPartA:FillintheBlanks1.crushingpressure解析：根据原文"Characterizedbynear-freezingtemperaturesandcrushingpressure"，需要填入两个词，注意拼写。2.sunlight解析：根据原文"shatteredtheconventionalbeliefthatalllifedependedonsunlight"，注意sunlight是一个词。3.organicmatter解析：根据原文"convertinorganiccompoundsintoorganicmatter"，考查对专有名词搭配的把握。4.velocityofsoundinwater解析：根据原文"visthevelocityofsoundinwater"，注意不要漏掉of和inwater。5.onetenthofonepercent解析：根据原文"lessthanonetenthofonepercentofthedeepsea"，考查分数及百分比的表达。PartB:MultipleChoiceQuestions6.B解析：原文明确提到"itwaslongdeemedabarrendesert"，因此传统上认为它是荒芜的沙漠。7.B解析：原文提到"Chemoautotrophicbacteria...utilizeaprocesscalledchemosynthesis...sustainingcomplexcommunities"，因此维持生命的是化学合成。8.C解析：原文指出"tisthetimeintervalfortheechotoreturn"，因此t代表回声返回的时间间隔。9.C解析：原文提到"uniquelyadaptedtothedarknessandpressure"，说明它们适应了高压和黑暗的极端环境。10.C解析：原文最后提到"wehaveexploredlessthanonetenthofonepercentofthedeepsea,meaningcountlessspeciesawaitdiscovery"，这表明深海探索仍处于起步阶段。PartC:ShortAnswerQuestions11.Chemosynthesis.解析：原文提到"utilizeaprocesscalledchemosynthesis"。12.Near-freezingtemperaturesandcrushingpressure.解析：原文提到"Characterizedbynear-freezingtemperaturesandcrushingpressure"。SectionII:UseofEnglish13.A解析：现在分词作后置定语，修饰accuracy，意为“匹敌人类医生的准确率”。rivaling表示“与...匹敌”。14.A解析：根据后文"mightescapethehumaneye"（可能逃避肉眼的观察），说明AI检测到的是“微小的/细微的”异常。subtle意为“微妙的，细微的”。15.C解析：escapethehumaneye是固定搭配，意为“逃过肉眼的观察”。16.B解析：前文提到AI诊断准确率高，但出现了一个转折"However,thistechnologicalleapraises..."，说明引发了“重大的”伦理担忧。significant意为“重大的”。trivial意为“琐碎的”，不符合语境。17.A解析："blackbox"nature指的是医生不知道AI是“如何”得出结论的，强调过程和方式，用how。18.A解析：如果AI犯了致命的错误，谁来负法律责任？fatalerror意为“致命错误”。其他选项beneficial（有益的）、negligible（可忽略的）、preventive（预防性的）不符合伦理担忧的语境。19.B解析：为了应对这些风险，医疗机构呼吁制定严格的指南。mitigaterisks意为“减轻风险”。exacerbate意为“加剧”，意思相反。20.B解析：对于风险，医疗机构要求的是“严格的”指南。stringent意为“严格的”。vague（模糊的）、flexible（灵活的）不符合管控风险的逻辑。21.A解析：将AI引入临床实践需要严格的“测试”，以确保算法不带有偏见。testing符合语境。22.A解析：医疗保健的“提供/交付”。healthcaredelivery是医疗英语中的常见搭配，指医疗服务的提供。23.C解析：如果AI只用一个人口群体的数据训练，应用到其他人群时准确率可能会“下降”。decline意为“下降”。24.C解析：为了让AI准确反映全球患者的多样性，需要“全面的/包含多方的”数据集。comprehensive意为“全面的”。homogeneous意为“同质的”，意思相反。25.B解析：目标不是取代人类医生，而是“增强/提升”他们的能力。augment意为“增强”。26.A解析：AI在医疗中主要作为强大的“诊断”工具。diagnostic符合语境。SectionIII:ReadingComprehensionPartA:MultipleChoiceQuestions27.B解析：第一段提到"qubits.Qubitscanexistinastateofsuperposition,representingboth0and1simultaneously"，这是其相比传统比特的主要优势。28.C解析：第二段提到"Environmentalinterference,suchastemperaturefluctuationsorelectromagneticradiation,cancause'decoherence'"，因此是环境干扰导致了退相干。29.A解析：第二段提到量子计算机可以"processvastamountsofdataatanexponentialrate"，因此能破解现有加密标准。30.B解析：第二段明确解释了"quantumsupremacy"的定义：thepointwhereaquantumcomputercanperformatasknoclassicalcomputercan（量子计算机能完成传统计算机无法完成的任务的节点）。31.B解析：作者在文中既提到了量子计算的巨大潜力和优势，也客观指出了其面临的工程挑战和潜在风险，因此语气是客观但谨慎的。PartB:SentenceInsertion32.F解析：前文提到极简主义是对杂乱和消费主义的反应，后文提到它试图揭示建筑的基本特质。F选项"Itisanarchitecturedeeplyrootedintheconceptof'lessismore.'"（这是一种深深植根于“少即是多”理念的建筑）完美承上启下。33.C解析：前文提到使用原始混凝土和大面积玻璃消除了不必要的装饰。C选项"Theinterplayoflightandshadowreplacestheneedforornamentation."（光影的相互作用取代了对装饰的需求）进一步解释了这一点。34.A解析：前文提到空间规划严谨以避免任何幽闭感，后文提到这种空白并非空洞，而是心灵的画布。A选项"Insteadoffillingaroomwithobjects,theminimalistarchitectembracesthevoid."（极简主义建筑师没有用物品填满房间，而是拥抱了空白）符合逻辑。35.G解析：前文提到极简主义哲学大量借鉴了日本传统建筑，后文说在这种背景下...。G选项"ThetraditionalJapanesehouseusesslidingscreenstocreateflexiblespaces."（传统的日本房屋使用滑动屏风创造灵活的空间）是对借鉴日本建筑的具体举例。36.E解析：前文提到极简主义不是剥夺，而是创造宁静与专注的环境。E选项"Ultimately,itisanarchitectureofintentionality,whereeverydetailmatters."（归根结底，这是一种充满意图的建筑，每一个细节都很重要）作为全文的完美总结。SectionIV:TranslationPartA:EnglishtoChineseTranslation37.【参考译文】数字信息的指数级增长使得传统的档案管理方法变得过时，这就需要开发复杂的算法，以能够以前所未有的效率对数据进行编目和检索。【解析】"exponentialgrowth"意为“指数级增长”；"rendered...obsolete"意为“使...过时”；"necessitating"是现在分词作结果状语，意为“需要”；"unprecedentedefficiency"意为“前所未有的效率”。38.【参考译文】虽然全球化不可否认地弥合了文化鸿沟，但同时它也加速了本土语言的侵蚀，这促使人们紧急呼吁制定全面的保护战略。【解析】"undeniably"意为“不可否认地”；"bridgedculturaldivides"意为“弥合了文化鸿沟”；"precipitated"意为“加速，促成”；"erosion"意为“侵蚀”；"promptingurgentcallsfor"意为“促使紧急呼吁”。PartB:ChinesetoEnglishTranslation39.【参考译文】Withtherapiddevelopmentofrenewableenergy,thedominantpositionoftraditionalfossilfuelsisfacingunprecedentedchallenges,whichnotonlyreshapestheglobalenergylandscapebutalsoprofoundlyaffectsthegeopoliticalbalance.【解析】“迅猛发展”译为rapiddevelopment；“主导地位”译为dominantposition；“重塑”用一般现在时reshapes，保持时态一致；“地缘政治的平衡”译为geopoliticalbalance。40.【参考译文】China'shigh-speedrailnetworkisnotonlyatechnologicalmiracleinthefieldoftransportation,butalsoanimportantcatalystforpromotingregionaleconomicintegrationandnarrowingtheurban-ruralgap.【解析】“高铁网络”译为high-speedrailnetwork；“技术奇迹”译为technologicalmiracle；“区域经济一体化”译为regionaleconomicintegration；“缩小城乡差距”译为narrowingtheurban-ruralgap。SectionV:WritingPartA:PracticalWriting【参考范文】DearDr.Smith,IamwritingonbehalfofthestudentuniontoformallyinviteyoutodeliverakeynotespeechattheupcomingInternationalAcademicConferenceonMarineConservation.TheconferenceisscheduledtobeheldfromJune15thto17thatouruniversityauditorium.Givenyourprofoundexpertiseinmarineecosystems,webelieveyourinsightswouldbeinvaluabletoourattendees.Wewillfullycoveryourround-tripairfareandprovideaccommodationatthecampushotel.Pleaseletusknowifthisschedulealignswithyouravailability.Welookforwardtoyourpositiveresponse.Sincerely,[YourName]PresidentoftheStudentUnionPartB:EssayWriting【参考范文】Inthecontemporaryera,rapidtechnologicaladvancementhasundeniablyinterconnectedtheglobe.However,aprevailingconcernisthatthistechnologicalintegrationisleadingtothehomogenizationofglobalcultureandthesubsequentlossofdistinctculturalidentities.Whileitistruethattechnologyposescertainthreatstotraditionalpractices,Ibelievethatitsimultaneouslyprovidesunprecedentedtoolsforculturalpreservatio