英语四级阅读真题卷

英语四级阅读真题卷一、单项选择题（共10题，每题2分，总计20分）Passage1A2024surveyconductedbytheNationalEmploymentResearchInstitutecovered1200full-timeemployeesaged18to35across17industries,aimingtoexploreyoungworkers’preferencesforworkmodes.Theresultsshowedthatonly12%ofrespondentspreferredworkingfullyon-site,while68%chosehybridwork(combining2-3dayson-siteandtherestremote)astheirfirstchoice,andtheremaining20%favoredfullyremotework.Respondentslistedthetopbenefitsofnon-on-siteworkascuttingcommutingtime(savinganaverageof78minutesperdayforurbanworkers),moreflexiblescheduletobalanceworkandfamilylife,andlowerdailycostsontransportationandmeals.However,42%ofparticipantsalsomentionedpotentialchallenges:reducedface-to-facecommunicationmaylowerteamcollaborationefficiency,andremoteworkersaremorelikelytobeignoredduringpromotionevaluationscomparedtotheiron-sitepeers.Thereportconcludedthatcompaniesshoulddesignflexibleworksystemswithclearassessmentstandardstobalanceefficiencyandemployeedemands.1.Whatisthemainfindingofthe2024survey?A.MostyoungworkerspreferfullyremoteworkB.HybridworkisthemostpopularworkmodeamongyoungrespondentsC.On-siteworkmodehasbeencompletelyeliminatedD.Commutingtimehasnoimpactonworkers’modechoices2.Howmuchtimecannon-on-siteworkerssaveonaverageperdayaccordingtothesurvey?A.42minutesB.68minutesC.78minutesD.120minutes3.Whichofthefollowingisalistedchallengeofremotework?A.HigherdailycostsonmealsB.LongerworkingtimethanrequiredC.LowerpossibilityofgettingpromotedD.Worsepersonalhealthcondition4.Whatdoesthereportsuggestcompaniesdo?A.AdoptfullyremoteworkmodeforallemployeesB.Raisethesalaryofon-siteworkersC.SetclearassessmentrulesforflexibleworkD.Reducethenumberofhybridworkpositions5.Whatpercentageofrespondentspreferfullyon-sitework?A.12%B.20%C.42%D.68%Passage2Micro-greenspaces,alsoknownaspocketparks,refertosmallpublicgreenareascoveringlessthan1000squaremeters,usuallytransformedfromunusedstreetcorners,abandonedparkinglotsoridlecommunityspaces.From2021to2024,thecityofLinjiangbuilt320newmicro-greenspaces,covering87%ofitsoldresidentialcommunitiesthatpreviouslyhadnopublicgreenfacilities.A2024ecologicalresearchconductedbyLinjiangUniversityfoundthatthesemicro-greenspacescanreducethesurroundingambienttemperatureby1.2to1.8degreesCelsiusinsummer,effectivelyrelievingtheurbanheatislandeffect.Inaddition,76%ofresidentslivingnearmicro-greenspacesreportedasignificantimprovementinlifesatisfaction,andthenumberofneighborhooddisputesinthesecommunitiesdroppedby34%comparedto2020.Thelocalgovernmentsaiditwillinvestanother280millionyuaninthenextthreeyearstobuild200moremicro-greenspaces,coveringallresidentialcommunitiesinthecityby2027.6.Whatisthearearangeofmicro-greenspacesaccordingtothepassage?A.Lessthan1000squaremetersB.1000to2000squaremetersC.2000to3000squaremetersD.Morethan3000squaremeters7.Whatwerethe320newmicro-greenspacesinLinjiangmainlybuilttocover?A.CentralbusinessdistrictsB.OldresidentialcommunitieswithoutgreenfacilitiesC.SuburbanindustrialparksD.Touristattractionsinthecity8.Whateffectdomicro-greenspaceshaveonsummertemperatureaccordingtotheresearch?A.Theycanraisesurroundingtemperatureby1.2℃B.TheyhavenoimpactonsurroundingtemperatureC.Theycanlowersurroundingtemperaturebyupto1.8℃D.Theycankeepthetemperatureat18℃allyearround9.Bywhatpercentagedidneighborhooddisputesincommunitieswithmicro-greenspacesdrop?A.28%B.34%C.76%D.87%10.Whatisthelocalgovernment’sfutureplanformicro-greenspaces?A.Stopbuildingnewmicro-greenspacesafter2024B.ReducetheinvestmentingreenfacilitiesC.Coverallresidentialcommunitiesby2027D.Transformallmicro-greenspacesintolargeparks二、填空题（共10题，每题2分，总计20分）请先阅读下面的短文，从给出的15个备选词汇中选择最恰当的单词填入每个空白处，每个词汇只能使用一次。备选词汇：survey,decline,average,preference,significantly,superficial,concentration,traditional,promote,obstacle,enhance,rarely,regular,appeal,vitalA2024national1._______conductedbytheChinaPublishingAssociationinvestigated2000adolescentsaged12to18abouttheirreadinghabits.Theresultsshowedthatthe2._______timeteenagersspendonpaperreadinghasdroppedby32%comparedto2020,whiletheproportionofdigitalreadinghasincreased3._______,accountingfor78%oftheirtotalreadingtime.Researcherspointedoutthatshort-formvideocontenthasastronger4._______toyoungpeoplethanlong-formreadingmaterials.Mostteenagersadmitthattheyspendmoretimeonshortvideoplatforms,andtheir5._______spanforlongarticleshasreducedsharply.Comparedwith6._______paperreadingwhichrequiresdeepthinking,mostdigitalreadingcontenttheyconsumeis7._______,focusingonentertainmentratherthanknowledgeacquisition.However,expertsalsonotethatdigitalreadingisnotallbad.Itcan8._______thepopularityofreadingamongyounggroups,andthekeyistoguideadolescentstochoosehigh-qualitydigitalcontent.Building9._______readinghabitsfromchildhoodis10._______fortheirlong-termcognitivedevelopment,andparentsandschoolsshouldtakejointresponsibilityinthisprocess.三、判断题（共10题，每题2分，总计20分）请先阅读下面的长篇短文，判断每个句子的表述是否符合短文内容，正确填T（True），错误填F（False），文中未提及的填NG（NotGiven）。Globalcoffeeindustrysupportsaround25millionsmallholderfarmersinmorethan50developingcountries,anditisoneofthemostimportanteconomicpillarsfortheseregions.However,theindustryisfacingunprecedentedchallengesbroughtbyclimatechange.Accordingtoa2023reportbytheInternationalCoffeeOrganization,theglobalareasuitableforcoffeecultivationwillreduceby50%by2050ifcarbonemissionscontinuetoriseatthecurrentrate.Risingtemperaturesandfrequentextremeweathereventshavealreadyreducedtheglobalaveragecoffeeyieldby18%overthepastdecade.Toaddressthesechallenges,multiplestakeholdersaretakingactions.Fairtrademode,whichensuresfarmersgetaminimumpurchasepricefortheircoffee,hasbeenpromotedin32coffee-producingcountries,covering1.2millionfarmerssofar.Manyfarmershavealsoadoptedregenerativeagriculturalpractices,suchasplantingshadetreesabovecoffeebushesandusingorganicfertilizers,whichcannotonlyimprovethesoilqualitybutalsoincreasecoffeeyieldby12%onaverage.Largecoffeeenterpriseshavealsoreleasedsustainabledevelopmentgoals.Theworld’stopthreecoffeechainshavepromisedtoachieve100%sustainablecoffeesourcingby2030,andinvest450milliondollarsintotaltoprovidetechnicaltrainingforsmallholderfarmers.Consumerawarenessofsustainablecoffeeisalsorising:a2024surveyshowedthat62%ofcoffeeconsumersindevelopedcountriesarewillingtopay10%to15%moreforcoffeeproducedinanenvironmentallyfriendlyway.Despitetheseefforts,thecoffeeindustrystillfacesalargefundinggapforsustainabletransformation.TheInternationalCoffeeOrganizationestimatesthatatleast10billiondollarsisneededannuallytosupportsmallholderfarmerstoadoptclimate-resistantplantingtechnologies,whilecurrentglobalinvestmentisonly1.8billiondollarsperyear.Inaddition,manysmallfarmersinremoteareasstillhavenoaccesstorelevanttechnicalsupport,andtheyarethemostvulnerablegroupsaffectedbyclimatechange.1.Morethan30millionsmallholderfarmersaroundtheworldrelyoncoffeecultivationforaliving.2.Thesuitablecoffeecultivationareawillbecutbyhalfby2050ifcarbonemissionskeeprisingatcurrentspeed.3.Globalaveragecoffeeyieldhasdecreasedby18%inthepasttenyears.4.Fairtrademodehascoveredallcoffee-producingcountriesaroundtheworld.5.Regenerativeagriculturalpracticescanimprovesoilqualitybutwillreducecoffeeyield.6.Thetopthreecoffeechainspromisetoachieve100%sustainablesourcingby2035.7.Mostconsumersindevelopedcountriesarewillingtopayextramoneyforsustainablecoffee.8.Thecurrentannualglobalinvestmentforcoffeeindustrysustainabletransformationmeetsthedemand.9.Thepriceoforganiccoffeeis30%higherthanthatofordinarycoffeeontheglobalmarket.10.Smallfarmersinremoteareasarethemostvulnerabletoclimatechangeimpacts.四、简答题（共4题，每题4分，总计16分）请先阅读下面的短文，用不超过10个单词的内容回答每个问题，答案请尽量简洁准确。Suembroidery,oneofChina’sfourfamousembroiderystyleswithahistoryofmorethan2000years,isfacinginheritancechallengesasfeweryoungpeoplearewillingtolearnthiscomplicatedtraditionalcraft.Inrecentyears,agrowingnumberofyoungSuembroideryinheritorshavebeenexploringdigitalinheritancepaths.Theypostshortvideosshowingembroideryprocessesonmainstreamshortvideoplatforms,attractingmorethan20millionfollowersacrossallplatformsasof2024.TheseinheritorsalsocooperatewithonlinegamebrandsandculturalcreativeproductcompaniestodevelopderivativeproductswithSuembroideryelements,suchasembroideredclothing,phonecasesanddigitalcollections.ASuembroiderycooperativeinSuzhoureportedthatitsonlinerevenueaccountedfor62%oftotalrevenuein2023,up47percentagepointsfrom2020.Inaddition,thecooperativehaslaunchedfreepublicwelfarecoursesonline,trainingmorethan12000Suembroideryloversnationwidesince2021.1.HowlongisthehistoryofSuembroidery?2.Wheredoyounginheritorsposttheirembroideryprocessvideos?3.WhatwastheonlinerevenueproportionoftheSuzhoucooperativein2023?4.Howmanyembroiderylovershavethepublicwelfarecoursestrained?五、应用题（共4题，每题6分，总计24分）请阅读下面的新闻材料，根据要求完成下列问题，答案需要符合逻辑，结合材料内容作答。RecentyearshavewitnessedcontinuouspricehikesofsharedpowerbanksinChina.Manyconsumersreportedthatthepriceofsharedpowerbankshasrisenfromtheinitial1yuanperhourto4-6yuanperhourinmosturbanareas,andthepricecanevenreach10yuanperhourinscenicspots,airportsandotherspeciallocations.A2024consumersurveyshowedthat72%ofrespondentsbelievethepriceincreaseistooexcessive,whileonly21%saytheycanacceptreasonablepriceadjustments.Sharedpowerbankoperatingcompaniesexplainedthatthepriceincreaseisdrivenbymultiplefactors:first,therentofplacementsitessuchasrestaurantsandshoppingmallshasrisenbyanaverageof35%overthepastthreeyears;second,themaintenancecostofequipmentandbatteryreplacementcostshaveincreasedby28%yearonyear;third,theaverageutilizationrateofsharedpowerbankshasdroppedfrom30%in2021to18%in2024,leadingtolongercostrecoverycycles.Thelocalmarketregulationdepartmentsaidithasreceivedmorethan1200complaintsaboutsharedpowerbankpricehikesinthefirsthalfof2024,anditwillstrengthensupervisionoverthepricingbehaviorofoperatingenterprises,guidethemtosetpricesreasonably,andprotectthelegitimaterightsandinterestsofconsumers.1.Pleasesummarizethecorecontentoftheabovematerialinnomorethan50words.2.Whatarethereasonsforthepriceincreaseofsharedpowerbanksstatedbyoperatingcompanies?3.Pleaseputforwardtworeasonablesuggestionsforconsumerstocopewiththepriceincreaseofsharedpowerbanks.4.Pleasepredicttwospecificmeasuresthatthemarketregulationdepartmentmaytakeinthefuture.标准答案及解析一、单项选择题答案及解析1.参考答案：B解析：本题考查事实细节定位。根据第一段调研结果，68%的受访者首选混合办公，是占比最高的选项，因此B正确。A选项错误，仅20%受访者偏好全远程；C选项“完全淘汰”表述绝对，12%的人仍偏好全到岗；D选项错误，通勤时间是远程办公的核心优势之一，有明显影响。2.参考答案：C解析：本题考查数字细节定位。第二段明确提到非到岗工作平均每天节省78分钟通勤时间，因此C正确，其余选项为其他调研数据的干扰项。3.参考答案：C解析：本题考查细节理解。第二段提到远程办公的挑战之一是“远程员工在晋升评估中比到岗同事更容易被忽略”，对应C选项。A选项是远程办公的优势（降低餐饮成本）；B、D选项文中未提及。4.参考答案：C解析：本题考查细节定位。第一段末尾提到报告建议公司“设计灵活办公制度，配套清晰的评估标准”，对应C选项。其余选项均不符合报告建议内容。5.参考答案：A解析：本题考查数字细节定位。第一段明确提到仅12%的受访者偏好全到岗办公，因此A正确。6.参考答案：A解析：本题考查定义细节。第二段开头明确提到微绿地面积小于1000平方米，因此A正确。7.参考答案：B解析：本题考查细节定位。第一段提到临江新建的320个微绿地主要覆盖此前无绿化设施的老旧社区，因此B正确。8.参考答案：C解析：本题考查细节理解。第二段提到微绿地可降低周边温度1.2到1.8摄氏度，最高降幅为1.8摄氏度，因此C正确。9.参考答案：B解析：本题考查数字细节定位。第二段明确提到邻里纠纷下降了34%，因此B正确。10.参考答案：C解析：本题考查细节定位。第二段末尾提到政府计划到2027年实现微绿地覆盖所有居民社区，因此C正确。二、填空题答案及解析1.参考答案：survey解析：此处需要名词，后文提到是出版协会开展的针对青少年阅读习惯的调研，因此选survey。2.参考答案：average解析：此处修饰time，指青少年花在纸质阅读上的平均时长下降，因此选average。3.参考答案：significantly解析：此处需要副词修饰动词increased，指数字阅读占比显著提升，因此选significantly。4.参考答案：appeal解析：固定搭配haveappealtosb表示对某人有吸引力，此处指短视频内容对年轻人吸引力更强，因此选appeal。5.参考答案：concentration解析：concentrationspan指注意力时长，符合“年轻人对长文章的注意力时长大幅下降”的语境，因此选concentration。6.参考答案：traditional解析：此处修饰paperreading，与数字阅读对应，指需要深度思考的传统纸质阅读，因此选traditional。7.参考答案：superficial解析：此处需要形容词，与前文的deepthinking对应，指他们消费的数字阅读内容大多是肤浅的，侧重娱乐，因此选superficial。8.参考答案：promote解析：此处需要动词，指数字阅读可以提升年轻群体的阅读普及率，因此选promote。9.参考答案：regular解析：此处修饰readinghabits，指从小养成规律的阅读习惯，因此选regular。10.参考答案：vital解析：固定搭配bevitalfor表示对…至关重要，指规律阅读习惯对长期认知发展至关重要，因此选vital。三、判断题答案及解析1.参考答案：F解析：第一段明确提到全球约2500万小农户依赖咖啡种植，而非3000万，因此表述错误。2.参考答案：T解析：第一段提到如果碳排放保持当前增速，2050年适宜咖啡种植的区域将减少50%，即减少一半，表述正确。3.参考答案：T解析：第一段提到过去十年全球咖啡平均产量下降了18%，表述正