高中英语必修第三册 Unit4 Space Exploration

Unit4SpaceExploration

（主题语境:人与自然之地球与宇宙奥秘探索）

读写融合・重温教材

Foryears,peoplehavealwayswantedtolearnmoreaboutthe1.universe

(universal).However,itwasnotuntilthemid-20thcenturythattravellingintospace

becameareality.In1957,theUSSR2.1aunched(launch)theSputnik1satelliteinto

space.In1961,YuriGagarinbecamethefirstpersonintheworld3,toenter(enter)

space.In1969,NeilArmstrongfromAmericabecamethefirstpersonintheworld

4.whosteppedontothemoon.Followingthis,manymoregoalswere

achieved.Althoughsomedisastersbroughtmuchsadnessand5.disapDointmeiit

(disappoint),thedesire6.toexplore(explore)theuniversedidnotdie.

China'sspaceprogrammehasmadegreatprogressinashorttime.Chinabecame

thethirdcountryintheworldto7.independeiitly(indcDendcnt)sendhumansinto

spacein2003,whenYangLiweisuccessfully8.orbited(orbit)EarthintheShenzhou

5spacecraft.Later,Shenzhou6and7completedasecondmannedorbitandthefirst

Chinesespacewalk,9.followed(follow)bythevehicleJadeRabbitbeingsenttothe

moontostudyitssurface.In2022,thelaunchoftheMengtianmodule

1().signaHed(signal)thebasiccompletionoftheTiangongSpaceStation.Thismodern

spacestationwillallowastronautstoconductmanyimportantexperiments.

点评:本篇文本语篇亮点表达包括:强调句型;“thefirst+/7.+todo”结构;定语从句;

过去分词短语作状语等。

考点聚焦-突破提升

【重点单词】

l.determineL查明;确定:决定

父步入经典•即境活用单句语法填空

①(2020・江苏高考)Heprovedthatit'snotwhathappenstousthat

determines(determine)ourlives——ifswhatwemakeofwhathappens.

©Inspiredbythefantasticscenery,!determinedtocreate(create)awatercolor

paintingofthepondinthepark.

③(2021•浙江高考)Hebuiltahugelysuccessfulcareerwithlittlemorethanplainold

hardworkanddetermination(determine).

(l)determinetodosth.决定做某事

determineon/upon(doing)sth.决定（做）某事

(2)determinedadj.有决心的，意志坚定的

bedeterminedtodosth.下定决心做某事

(3)determinationn.决定确定;决心

withdetermination坚决地

2.disappointed。中失望的；沮丧的

父步入经典•即境活用单句语法填空

①(2024•浙江1月高考)Ifmostoftheircustomersarehappytobuylargerquantities,

that'swhatthey'llpromote.Butthatleavesthesolo(单独)customersoutofpocket

anddisappointecKdisappoint).

②(2021・新高考I卷)Asthetwinslookedaroundthemindisappointment

(disappoint),theirfatherappeared.

(l)bedisappointedat/with/aboutsth.

对某事失望

bedisappointedin/with/bysb.对某人感到失望

bedisappointedtodosth.对做某事失望

(2)disappointingadj.令人失望的；令人扫兴的

(3)disappointvt.使失望

(4)disappointmentn.失望；沮丧

toone'sdisappointment令某人失望的是

S写作微练完成句子

③他因未能获奖而失望地把自己锁在房间里。（读后续写之情感描写）

Disappointedathisfailingt。winaprize,helockedhimselfinhisroom.

3.desire〃,渴望;欲望;愿望U渴望;期望

父步入经典•即境活用单句语法填空

①(2024•北京高考)Thatdreamremindedmethatthosefearsanddesires(desire)

couldencouragemetotakerisksandmakeexperiments.

②IfyoudesiretochaHenze(challenge)yourself,thereisnothingtodowithothers?

thoughts.

(1)haveadesiretodosth.渴望做某事

haveadesireforsth.渴望得到某物

(2)desiretodosth.渴望做某事

desiresb.todosth.渴望某人做某事

desirethat...(should)do...渴望

父写作微练完成句子

③得知你很想学好汉语,我想给你一些建议。(应用文写作之建议信)

Knowincyouhaveastrongdesiret。learnChineseweHJ'dliketoofferyousome

suggestions.

4.signalvt.&此标志着;标明;发信号儿信号;标志;预示;信号灯

父步入经典•即境活用单句语法填空

①Iranuptothecar,tookhisarmandsignalledhimtofoHow(follow)me.

②Thedriverlifteduptheinjuredboy,placedhiminthecarandrushedhimtothe

hospital,ignoringthetrafficsignals(signal)alltheway.

③(朗文词典)Whenshegotupfromthetable,itwasobviouslythesignalforusto

leave(leave).

(l)signalat/tosb.向某人发信号

signal(to)sb.todosth.示意某人做某事

signal(sb.)that示意(某人)

⑵signalsforsb.todosth.示意某人做某事

give/sendasignal发出信号

trafficsignals交通信号灯

S.lack〃.短缺;缺乏W.缺乏;没有

父步入经典•即境活用单句语法填空

①(2022♦浙江高考)Alackoftrustcanmakepeopleworkagainstyouratherthanfor

you.

②(202()•江苏高考)Later,heworkedinAfrica,wheremanypeoplesufferedfrom

blindnessforlackofpropertreatment.

⑴forlackof因缺乏

alackof缺乏…

⑵lacksth.缺少某物

(3)lackingadj.缺少的;没有的;欠缺的

belackingin缺少……；……不足

6.argue理&近・论证;争辩争论;主张;认为;说服

@步入经典•即境活用单句语法填空

①(牛津高阶词典)We'realwaysarguingwitheachotheraboutmoney.

②(2023•新高考I卷)Mostfrequently,thegroupsreportedthatthey"shared

arguments(argue)andreasonedtogether.,,

@Heencouragedmeandargued(argue)thatIshouldworkontheprojectalone.

(1)arguewithsb.about/oversth.与某人争论某事

arguefor/against(doing)sth.据理力争/反对（做）某事

argueo/outofdoingsth.说服某人做/不做某事

arguethat...主张/争辩说……

(2)argumentn.争论;争吵;论点

haveanargumentwithsb.about/oversth.

与某人争吵/争论某事

beyondargument无可争论

父写作微练完成句子

④我原以为我能说服父母允许我按照我自己的意愿花钱。（读后续写之心理描

写）

IthoughtIcouldariuem、parentsintoaHowinqmetousemymoneyasIwished.

7.attach系;绑;贴;重视;认为很重要或有意义

父步入经典•即境活用单句语法填空

①（2022•浙江高考）Highlevelsofknowledgecanmakepeopletooattached（attach）

totraditionalwaysofviewingproblemsacrossfieldsthearts,sciences,andpolitics.

②（2022•全国甲卷）Heisattachedtotheoldferries.

（l）attachsth.tosth.把...附在/贴在/固定在上

attachimportance/significance/valueto

重视，认为……重要/有意义/有价值

attachoneselftosb.缠着某人

（2）attachedadj.（作表语）附属于;依恋

beattachedto附属于;依恋

（3）attachmentn.附属物;爰慕、依恋

【核心短语】

8.carryon继续做;坚持干

父步入经典•即境活用用carry短语填空

①（2024•全国甲卷）Readersareoftencarriedawaybycharacters.

②（2023•新高考I卷）Inthefinalchapterofpartone,Tilguideyouthroughcarrying

outyourowndigitaldeclutter.

③（朗文词典）1wasflatteredtobeofferedthejobbutwasn'tsureifIcouldcarryit

off.

carryonwithsth./doingsth.继续做/坚持做某事

carrysth.through成功完成;顺利实现

carrysb.throughsth.帮助某人渡过难关

carryout实行;执行;进行;履行（诺言、义务等）

be/getcarriedaway失去自制力；变得很激动

carrysth.off赢得;获得（奖品、荣誉等）

9.resultin导致；造成

@步入经典•即境活用单句语法填空

①（2023•新高考I卷）Somehow,theseargumentsandreasoningresultedinaglobal

reductioninerror.

②（2023•新高考I卷）Whenenoughoftheseerrorsareaveragedtogether,they

canceleachotherout,resulting（result）inamoreaccurateestimate.

③（2022•全国乙卷）Drinksnowcontain45millionfewerkilosofsugarasaresultof

manufacturers'effortstoavoidthecharge,accordingtoTreasuryfigures.

resultfrom起因，由于（后跟原因）

asaresultof由于（后跟原因）

asaresult结果，因此

withoutresult没有结果彳走劳地

表示“导致”的词语还有cause,leadto,bringabout,giveriseto,contributeto,account

for等。

父写作微练完成句子

④（2023•新高考II卷）项目评估显示，由于上课孩子们吃了更多的蔬菜。（应用

文写作之活动报告）

Programevaluationsshowthatkidseatmorevegetablesasaresultoftheclasses.

lO.runout用完；耗尽

父步入经典•即境活用用run短语填空

①（2021,浙江1月高考）Yourunintothegrocerystoretopickuponebottleofwater.

②David'senergywasrunningoutbutwhenheheardloudcheersfromtheother

kids,hewasplodding（步履艰难）hiswaytowardsthefinishline,bathedinsweat.

③Aswewereliftedintotheair,wesawthestubbornbearstopattackingandrun

away.

⑴runoutof及物动词短语，表示主动含义,主语一般为人

runout不及物动词短语，主语通常为时间、食物、金钱等（常用进行时表将来）

useup用尽;吃光（及物动词短语，人作主语）

giveout用尽;用完;精疲力竭

（2）runacross偶然遇到

runafter追逐;追求

runinto撞上;遇上，偶然遇到;碰上（困境、麻烦等）

runfor竞选;匆匆去取

runaway逃跑

父写作微练完成句子

④由于耗尽了精力和耐心，简放弃了沿着小溪散步，睡着了。（读后续写之动作

描写）

Runningoutofenergyandpatience,Janegaveupherwalkingalongthestream

andfelltosleep.

【经典句型】

ll.Thisisbecausepeoplebelieveintheimportanceofcarryingonspace

explorationdespitethehugerisks.（P41）这是因为人们坚信太空探索的重要性，哪

伯面临巨大的风险。

父步入经典•即境活用单句语法填空

①（2024•全国甲卷）That'swhymostpetcatsareabletotellimmediatelyiftheir

ownerswerearoundanyothercats,whichtheydon'tusuallylike.

②That'sbecausepeoplewhorunlatetellthemselvesandotherstheycanbe

punctual.

This/Thatisbecause...这/那是因为...（后加原因）

This/Thatiswhy...这/那是为什么……（后加结果）

Thereasonwhy...isthat...做某事的原因是

g写作微练完成句子

③我申请这个职位的原因是我对志愿工作很感兴趣。（应用文写作之申请信）

ThereasonwhyIapplyforthepDsitiooisthatI'mreallyinterestedinvoluntary

work.

④这是因为月饼像满月一样圆，代表着家人团聚。（应用文写作之传统文化）

Thisisbecausemooncakesareasroundasthefullmoon,representingfamily

reunion.

进阶演练-夯实基础

I语境填空高考探究体验

l.(2024U匕京高考)Thistimearound,Icanacceptmylimitations(limit)butkeep

going.

2.Inthisway,webecamegoodfriendsandkeptintouchwitheachother

regularly(regular).

3.(2024•全国甲卷)Itwasmyjunioryearofundergraduate,andIwasdoingan

independent(independence)studyonVictorianliterature.

4.(2024•新高考II卷)Shesaysitisessentialthatwekeepcontrolofartificial

intelligence(intelligent),orriskbeingsidelinedandperhapsevenworse.

5.(2024•新高考II卷)Campbell'spointistowakeupthoseresponsibleforAI一the

technologycompaniesandworldleaders-sotheyareonthesamepageasallthe

expertscurrently(current)developingit.

6.(2024•新高考I卷)HabitatRestorationTeamvolunteersplayavitalrolein

restoringsensitiveresources(resource)andprotectingendangeredspeciesacrossthe

ridgesandvalleys.

7.(2024•新高考I卷)Usingaglobaldatasetof1.9billionrecordsofplants,insects,

birds,andanimals,Daruandhisteamtestedhowwellthesedatarepresentactual

globalbiodiversitypatterns(pattern).

8.Finally,theemphasisonflexibilityandbalancepreparesyoumentally(mental)

andphysicallyforlife'shurdles,enhancingbothconcentrationandbodilycontrol.

9.1adviseyoutoanalysetheeconomicgrowthofGuanzhongAreabymeansof

Shift-shareanalysis.(analyse)

10.Anargumentaboutwhetherpeopleshouldcarryonwithspaceexplorationtook

placeattheconferenceandsomepeoplearguedthatweshouldstopwastingtime

andmoneyonit.（argue）

II熟词生义/一词多义政克阅读障碍

熟词生义：

1.（2020•全国HI卷）Shewasdispleasedwithabsolutelyeverything;nothingwasright

andIwasrathersurprisedthatshebecamea“regular”.〃.常客

2.“Wefloatedtheideatomymumofsharingahouse,“saysKathrynWhitehead,vt.

提出（想法或计划）

3.Startabusinessusingthehelpofyourlocallibrary.Ifyouwanttohaveabusiness

ofyourown,yourlocallibrarycanbecomealaunchspaceforit.〃•启动

4.（2021•全国甲卷）Takeaviewisadesirableannualcompetitionforphotographers

fromallcornersoftheUKandbeyond.〃.其他地方

5.（2021•八省新高考模拟演练）Inreturnforafoodrewardonebear,Brutus,would

touchthemoreheavilydottedpatternwithhisnose.〃•图案

一词多义：

current

A.M•.现在的;当前的B.M：流通的C.〃.水流D.〃.潮流

1.Fightingagainstthestrongcurrentsandcoldwind,shescreamedforhelpatthetop

ofherlungseverythreeminutesorso.C

2.WhatisknowntousallisthatthecurrentmoneyinChinaisRenminbi.B

3.Weshouldtryourbesttogowiththecurrentofthetimes.D

4.Studentsareplacedintoclassesbasedontheircurrentlanguageskills.A

串词成篇I提升关键能力

Uranuswasn't1.universally(universal)acceptedasaplanetuntiltwoyears

afteritsdiscovery.ltistheseventhplanetdiscoveredinthesolarsystem,whichalso

resulted2.inthediscoveryofthelastplanet,Neptune.Uranus,3.haying(have)27

knownnaturalsatellites,iscommonlyreferredtoasanicegiant,withitsmass

roughly14.5timesthatofEarth.lt4.orbits(orbit)thesuninaratherunusual

manner,beingtheonlyplanetwhoseequatorisnearlyatarightangletoits

orbit.Uranusishotteratitsequatorthanatitspoles.Duetothelackof

5.sufficient(sufficiency)evidence,astronomershaven'tyetfigured6.outwhythisis

so.Uranus'satmosphereappearsrelativelyblandincomparisontotheothergiant

planet,especiallytoNeptunewhomitotherwisecloselyresembles.However,new

data7.analysis(analyse)showsthattheplanethasadynamicweatherpattern,

revealing8.anastonishingamountofcomplexityinUranus'satmosphcrc.Imagcs

fromVbyager2,themostsuccessfulvehiclefordeepspacemissionsever

9.1aunched(launch)andthefirstspacecraft10.tofly(fly)byUranus,haveconfirmed

thattherearetracesofcarbondioxideandhydrogeninitsatmosphere,butsofarno

imageofthepresenceofoxygenhasbeenprovided.

写作提能:综合运用

读后续写提能练|太空探索

1•梦想与追求:主角怀揣太空梦勇于探索未知，展现对宇宙的好奇心和

辨模太空

探索精神

式探索

'2,挑战与突破在探索过程中遇到各种技术和心理挑战,通过团队合作

和智慧突破难关，顺利完成太空任务

3.科技与创新:强调科技创新在太空探索中的重要性，如新型航天器的

研发、太空环境的适应技术等,展现人类智慧的结晶

4.人类命运共同体:在太空探索的背景下，体现国际合作与共同发展的

理念，强调人类在面对宇宙挑战时应团结一致

5.宇宙观与人生哲理:通过太空探索的经历,引发对宇宙、生命和人类

存在的深刻思考,传递积极向上的人生哲理和价值观

［情感描写］disappointed。的'.失望的，沮丧的keen回•.渴望的，热衷的;

喜爰的，着迷的;热情的，热心的

教材［动作描写］argue以主张，认为;说服;争论,争辩;争吵;质疑才是出理由

亮词lackW.缺乏，不足signalW.标志;用信号通知;表示providefor

明实

为……提供;使（某事物）在将来可用或发生leapu猛冲,突然而迅速地

例

移动倨壮曾,猛涨;赶紧抓住（机会）

1.However,whilesuchdisastersbroughtmuchsadnessand

教材

disappointment.thedesiretoexploretheuniversedidnotdie.（积极态度）

美句

2.That'sonesmallstepforaman,onegiantleapformankind.（主旨升华）

After1.arguingfiercelywith（大吵一架）mymom,Istormedoutof

thehouse,slammingthedoorheavily.2.Disappointednndfrustrated（既

会实语料

失望又沮丧）,1feltlike3.floatinginanoceanofsadness（像漂浮在伤心

践运用

的海洋中）.Later,Igothungry,but4.1lackedmoney（没有

钱）then.Thankfully,awomanwhosoldnoodles5.waskeent。help（热心

帮忙）.Shegreetedmewithakindsmile.6.signaledtometositdown（示

意我坐下）andtreatedmetoasteamingbowlofnoodles.Iwasmovedto

tears,complainingthatmymomwascrueltome.Thewomansighed,

"Girl,thinkagain.Yourmotherhasbeen7.providingforyoo（供养你）ever

sinceyouwerebom!Whyaren'tyougratetulY^OnlythendidIrealise

howsillyIhadbeen.I8.leaptt。myfeet（一跃而起）,wipedoffmytears

andrushedbackhomelikethewind.

应用文写作提分练I太空探索

（2024德州期末）

最近，你班同学就“太空探索是否值得”这一话题展开了一场讨论。请你根据

下表提供的信息，用英语写一篇短文介绍讨论的情况。

30%的同学反对70%的同学支持

1离我们太遥远；1.目前已有的应用；

2.浪费金钱2.使用前景

Step1辨模式（Patterns）

j｛直接描述某一现象（事物）

斗既弊■（分别分析其优点和缺点.

必仑文I

，我的态度或看法

Step2明实例（Examples）

1.连词成句

①最近我们班进行了一场热烈的讨论。

Recentlyourclasshadaheateddiscussion.

②我们讨论的主题是太空探索是否值得。

Thetopicofourdiscussioniswhetherspaceexploratio