2020年北京市房山区中考一模英语试题答案

2020年北京市房山区中考一模英语试题答案知识运用（共14分）一、单项填空（共6分，每小题0.5分）1.Mypenisbroken.CanIborrowA.youB.yourC.yoursD.yourself答案：C。此处指代“你的钢笔”，应用名词性物主代词yours，相当于yourpen。2.WeusuallyhaveafootballmatchSaturdayafternooA.inB.onC.atD.to答案：B。具体某一天的上午、下午、晚上前用介词on。3.—doyouusuallygotowor—Bysubway.A.WhenB.WhereC.WhyD.How答案：D。根据答语“乘地铁”可知询问出行方式，用how提问。4.Mr.Blackisverykind,wealllikehiA.soB.butC.orD.because答案：A。前后句为因果关系，“布莱克先生很和蔼”是因，“我们都喜欢他”是果，用so连接。5.—Whichdressis,theblueoneortheredon—Theblueone,Ithink.A.beautifulB.morebeautifulC.mostbeautifulD.themostbeautiful答案：B。两者比较应用形容词比较级，beautiful的比较级为morebeautiful。6.—MustIfinishthehomeworknow?—No,you.YoucandoitafterdinneA.can'tB.shouldn'tC.needn'tD.mustn't答案：C。must引导的一般疑问句，否定回答用needn't，表示“不必”。7.Myfatherasadoctorinthishospitalfor20yearA.worksB.workedC.hasworkedD.willwork答案：C。“for+时间段”是现在完成时的标志，结构为have/has+过去分词，主语myfather是第三人称单数，助动词用has。8.IafilmwithmyfriendslastweekenA.watchB.watchedC.watchesD.amwatching答案：B。lastweekend是一般过去时的标志，动词用过去式watched。9.Look!ThechildrenkitesintheparkhappilA.flyB.flewC.areflyingD.wereflying答案：C。look是现在进行时的标志，结构为am/is/are+现在分词，主语children是复数，be动词用are。10.Mymothertoldmetoomuchsugar,becauseit'sbadformyteetA.noteatB.nottoeatC.eatingD.toeat答案：B。固定搭配tellsb.(not)todosth.意为“告诉某人（不要）做某事”，根据“对牙齿有害”可知是不要吃太多糖，用nottoeat。11.AnewsportscenterinourtownnextyeaA.buildsB.isbuiltC.willbuildD.willbebuilt答案：D。nextyear是一般将来时的标志，主语sportscenter和build之间是被动关系，应用一般将来时的被动语态willbebuilt。12.—Doyouknowyesterda—Hehadatrafficaccident.A.whyhedidn'tcometoschoolB.whydidn'thecometoschoolC.whyhedoesn'tcometoschoolD.whydoesn'thecometoschool答案：A。宾语从句用陈述语序，排除B、D；yesterday是一般过去时的标志，从句用过去时态，故选A。二、完形填空（共8分，每小题1分）阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。WhenIwasayoungboy,ourfamilylivedinthecountryside.Itwasapeacefulandquietplace.Oneevening,Iwaswalkinginthebackyardwithmyfatherwhenwesawabeautifuleagle(鹰)flyinghighinthesky.“Dad,thateagleissocool!IwishIcouldalsoflylikeit,”Isaid.Myfathersmiledandsaid,“Actually,theeagledoesn'tstartoffflyinghigh.Atfirst,allbabyeaglesliveinanest(巢)thattheirparentsmake13.It'swarmandcomfortable,andthebabyeaglesdon'thavetoworryaboutfood.Theirparentsalways14foodforthemontime.Butwhenthebabyeagles15enough,theirparentswilltakethenestapartpiecebypiece.Everyday,thenestbecomeslessandlesscomfortable.Finally,thereis16leftinthenest.Thenthebabyeagleshavetostandontheedge(边缘)ofthenest,hungryand17.Atthatmoment,theirparentswillpushthemoutofthenest.Thebabyeaglesarescaredandfallfast.Theytrytheirbesttoflaptheirwings(翅膀)18theyhittheground.Finally,theycanfly!Theirparentsdidn'tabandon(抛弃)them.Theyjustwantthemtolearnhowtofly19theycanliveontheirown.”I20understoodwhatmyfathermeantatthattime.AsIgrewolder,Imetmanydifficultiesinmylife.EverytimeIwantedtogiveup,Iwouldthinkofthestoryoftheeagles.ThenIwouldpluckupmycourageandkeeptryinguntilIsucceeded.13.A.carefullyB.carelesslyC.quicklyD.slowly答案：A。根据“It'swarmandcomfortable”可知鹰父母是仔细地筑巢，carefully符合语境。14.A.leaveB.bringC.carryD.take答案：B。鹰父母会按时给幼鹰带来食物，bring表示“带来”，符合逻辑。15.A.oldB.youngC.tallD.short答案：A。当幼鹰长到足够大的时候，父母才会拆巢，old符合生长规律。16.A.somethingB.anythingC.nothingD.everything答案：C。根据“thenestbecomeslessandlesscomfortable”可知最后巢里什么都不剩了，nothing符合语境。17.A.excitedB.happyC.scaredD.angry答案：C。幼鹰站在巢的边缘，又饿又害怕，scared符合当时的情境。18.A.afterB.beforeC.whenD.until答案：B。幼鹰在撞到地面之前尽全力拍打翅膀，before表示“在……之前”，符合逻辑。19.A.evenifB.assoonasC.sothatD.asif答案：C。父母这么做是为了让它们学会飞翔，以便能独立生活，sothat引导目的状语从句，符合语境。20.A.hardlyB.reallyC.neverD.almost答案：B。我那时真正明白了父亲的意思，really符合语义。阅读理解（共36分）三、阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。（共26分，每小题2分）ABookSharingCornerWelcometoourbooksharingcorner!Youcanshareyourbookshereandalsoborrowbooksyoulike.Herearesomenewbooksthismonth.Name:TheLittlePrinceWriter:AntoinedeSaint-ExupéryPrice:¥25.00Introduction:It'safamousstoryaboutalittleboywholivesonasmallplanet.Hetravelstodifferentplanetsandmeetsmanyinterestingpeople.Thebooktellsustokeepourinnocenceandkindness.Name:MyCountryandIWriter:WangMengPrice:¥38.00Introduction:ThisbookisacollectionofessayswrittenbyWangMeng,afamousChinesewriter.ItshowsthegreatchangesofChinainthepast70yearsthroughthewriter'sownexperiences.It'swarmandtouching.Name:NationalTreasureWriter:CCTVPrice:¥49.90Introduction:Thebookintroduces27preciousculturalrelicsfrom9museumsacrossChina.Eachrelichasalonghistoryandawonderfulstorybehindit.YoucanlearnalotaboutChinesehistoryandculturefromthisbook.Name:TheOldManandtheSeaWriter:ErnestHemingwayPrice:¥22.00Introduction:It'soneofthemostfamousworksofHemingway.Thestoryisaboutanoldfishermanwhofightswithahugefishintheseaforthreedays.Ittellsusthatweshouldnevergiveupwhenwefacedifficulties.21.WhowroteTheLittlePrince?A.AntoinedeSaint-Exupéry.B.WangMeng.C.CCTV.D.ErnestHemingway.答案：A。根据第一本书的信息，《小王子》的作者是AntoinedeSaint-Exupéry。22.HowmuchisMyCountryandI?A.¥25.00.B.¥38.00.C.¥49.90.D.¥22.00.答案：B。第二本书《我和我的祖国》的价格是38元。23.WhichbookisaboutChinesehistoryandculture?A.TheLittlePrince.B.MyCountryandI.C.NationalTreasure.D.TheOldManandtheSea.答案：C。根据第三本书的介绍，《国家宝藏》介绍了中国的文物，能让人了解中国历史和文化。BLastwinterholiday,myfriendBobinvitedmetogoskiingwithhim.Ihadneverskiedbefore,soIwasalittlenervousatfirst.Whenwegottotheskiresort,therewerelotsofpeople.Bobwasverygoodatskiing.Hetaughtmehowtoputontheskibootsandskis.“Themostimportantthingistokeepyourbalance,”hesaid.“Whenyouwanttostop,bendyourkneesandleanforwardalittle.Don'tbeafraidoffalling.Everyonefallswhentheylearntoski.”Ifollowedhisinstructionsandstartedtoskionthebeginnerslope.Atfirst,Imovedveryslowly.Iwasafraidoffallingdown,soIheldtherailtightly.Bobskiedaroundmeandencouragedmetoletgooftherail.Afterawhile,Ifeltmorerelaxedandletgo.Tomysurprise,Ididn'tfall!Iskiedalittlefaster,andthenalittlemore.IwassohappythatIthoughtIcouldskiwellalready.ThenIdecidedtotrytheintermediateslope.Bobwarnedmethatitwassteeper,butIdidn'tlistentohim.Iwentuptotheintermediateslopeandstartedtoski.Atthebeginning,itwasokay.Butsuddenly,Isawalittleboyinfrontofme.Iwantedtostop,butIcouldn't.Ifelldownheavilyandhitmyleg.Ifeltverypainful.Bobcameoverquicklyandhelpedmeup.“Areyouokay?”heasked.“Itoldyoutheintermediateslopewasdangerousforbeginners.Youshouldlearnstepbystep.”Ifeltverysorry.Thatday,Ilearnedalesson:weshouldneverbetooproudwhenwelearnsomethingnew.Weneedtobepatientandpracticestepbystep.24.Whywasthewriternervousatfirst?A.Becausehedidn'thaveskiingboots.B.Becausehehadneverskiedbefore.C.Becausethereweretoomanypeople.D.Becausetheskislopewastoosteep.答案：B。根据第一段“Ihadneverskiedbefore,soIwasalittlenervousatfirst”可知原因是之前从没滑过雪。25.WhatdidBobthinkwasthemostimportantthingwhenskiing?A.Keepingbalance.B.Leaningbackward.C.Holdingtherail.D.Movingquickly.答案：A。根据第二段Bob说的“Themostimportantthingistokeepyourbalance”可知最重要的是保持平衡。26.Whathappenedwhenthewritertriedtheintermediateslope?A.Heskiedverywellonit.B.Hehitalittleboy.C.Hefelldownandhurthisleg.D.Hestoppedasmallaccident.答案：C。根据第四段“Ifelldownheavilyandhitmyleg.Ifeltverypainful”可知作者摔倒伤到了腿。27.Whatlessondidthewriterlearn?A.Friendsshouldhelpeachother.B.Skiingisadangeroussport.C.It'shardtobegoodatskiing.D.Weshouldlearnnewthingsstepbystep.答案：D。根据最后一段“Youshouldlearnstepbystep”以及作者的感悟可知，学到的道理是学新东西要循序渐进。CPeoplehavebeenusingfansforthousandsofyears.Theearliestfanswerenotusedtocoolpeopledown,buttokeepdustawayfromfoodduringreligiousceremoniesinancientEgypt.Overtime,fansbecamemoreandmorepopulararoundtheworld,andtheyhavedifferentshapesandusesindifferentcultures.InancientChina,fanswerefirstusedintheShangDynasty.Atthattime,fansweremadeoffeathers,bambooorsilk.Theywerenotonlytoolsforcooling,butalsoworksofart.Manypoetsandpainterslikedtodrawpicturesorwritepoemsonfans.RoundfanswerepopularamongwomenintheTangDynasty.Theywereusuallydecoratedwithbeautifulflowersandbirds.FoldingfansbecamepopularintheSongDynasty.Peoplecouldfoldthemeasilyandcarrythemaround.Scholarsoftenheldfoldingfanstoshowtheirelegance.InJapan,fanshaveaspecialmeaningintraditionalculture.Japanesefansareusuallymadeofpaperandbamboo.ThefoldingfanwasintroducedtoJapanfromChinainthe7thcentury.Later,Japanesepeopledevelopedtheirownstylesoffans.Forexample,theuchiwaisakindofflatfan.Itisoftenusedinsummerfestivals.PeoplealsousefansintraditionalJapanesedances.Themovementsofthefanscanexpressdifferentemotions,suchashappiness,sadnessandanger.InEurope,fansbecamepopularinthe16thcentury.Europeanfanswereusuallymadeofsilk,laceorivory.Theywereveryexpensive,soonlyrichpeoplecouldaffordthem.Womenusedfanstosendsecretmessages.Forexample,ifawomanputthefannearherheart,itmeant"Iloveyou".Ifsheopenedthefanwidely,itmeant"Welcome".Ifsheclosedthefansuddenly,itmeant"Ihateyou".Thisfanlanguagewasverypopularamongnoblewomenatthattime.Today,withthedevelopmentofairconditionersandelectricfans,handfansarenotusedasoftenasbefore.Buttheyarestilllovedbypeoplebecauseoftheirculturalvalue.Manypeoplecollectfansashobbies,andfansarealsousedasdecorationsinmanyhomes.28.WhatweretheearliestfansusedforinancientEgypt?A.Coolingpeopledown.B.Keepingdustawayfromfoodduringceremonies.C.Drawingpictureson.D.Sendingsecretmessages.答案：B。根据第一段“Theearliestfanswerenotusedtocoolpeopledown,buttokeepdustawayfromfoodduringreligiousceremoniesinancientEgypt”可知最早的风扇是用来在仪式中挡食物上的灰尘。29.WhendidfoldingfansbecomepopularinChina?A.IntheShangDynasty.B.IntheTangDynasty.C.IntheSongDynasty.D.Inthe7thcentury.答案：C。根据第二段“FoldingfansbecamepopularintheSongDynasty”可知折扇在宋朝流行起来。30.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.RoundfanswerepopularamongscholarsintheTangDynasty.B.TheuchiwaisakindoffoldingfanpopularinJapan.C.Europeanfanswerecheapandpopularamongcommonpeopleinthe16thcentury.D.Handfansarestilllovedbypeoplefortheirculturalvaluetoday.答案：D。根据最后一段“Buttheyarestilllovedbypeoplebecauseoftheirculturalvalue”可知现在手工扇因为文化价值仍然被人们喜爱。A选项错误，团扇在唐朝女性中流行；B选项错误，uchiwa是平扇不是折扇；C选项错误，欧洲的扇子很贵，只有富人买得起。31.What'sthemainideaofthepassage?A.Thehistoryandculturalmeaningoffansindifferentcountries.B.Thedifferentshapesoffansaroundtheworld.C.Thepopularityoffansinancienttimes.D.Thedevelopmentoffansoverthousandsofyears.答案：A。文章分别介绍了埃及、中国、日本、欧洲的扇子的历史和文化意义，A选项最能概括主旨。DIfyoulookatthenightsky,youmightseeagroupofstarsthatlooklikeabigbear.WecallittheBigDipper,orUrsaMajor.ButhaveyoueverwonderedwhythestarsintheBigDipperalwaysseemtostayinthesameshape?Actually,theydon't.Thestarsaremovingallthetime,buttheyaresofarawayfromusthatwecanhardlyseetheirmovement.However,ifyoucouldwaitmillionsofyears,theshapeoftheBigDipperwouldchangealot.Allstarsmoveinspace.TheyhavetheirownorbitsaroundthecenteroftheMilkyWay.Thespeedanddirectionofeachstar'smovementaredifferent.Somestarsmovefaster,whileothersmoveslower.Somearemovingtowardsus,andsomearemovingawayfromus.ThestarsintheBigDipperarenoexception.FiveofthesevenstarsintheBigDipperaremovinginthesamedirectionataboutthesamespeed.Theothertwostarsaremovingintheoppositedirection.Sooveralongtime,theshapeoftheBigDipperwillslowlychange.Scientistscanusecomputerstocalculatehowthestarswillmoveinthefuture.Theyhavefoundthat100,000yearsago,theBigDipperlookedlikealong-handledspoon,justlikeitdoesnow,butthehandlewasalittlestraighter.50,000yearsfromnow,thehandlewillbecomemorecurved,andthe"bowl"ofthespoonwillbecomemoresquare.In100,000years,theBigDipperwillnotlooklikeaspoonatall.Itwilllookmorelikealong,thinknife.Youmightthinkthatthischangeistooslowtomatter.Butactually,themovementofstarshasabiginfluenceonourplanet.Forexample,about70,000yearsago,asmallredstarcalledScholz'sStarpassedveryclosetooursolarsystem.Itwasonlyabout0.8light-yearsawayfromtheSun.Itsgravity(引力)disturbedtheorbitsofsomecometsintheoutersolarsystem.Someofthesecometswerethrownintotheinnersolarsystem,andafewevenhittheEarth.ThismighthavecausedclimatechangesandinfluencedtheevolutionoflifeonEarth.Scientistsarestillstudyingthemovementofstars.Byunderstandinghowstarsmove,wecannotonlyknowwhatthenightskylookedlikeinthepastandwhatitwilllooklikeinthefuture,butalsolearnmoreaboutthehistoryandfutureofourownplanet.32.Whycan'tweseethemovementofstarsintheBigDipper?A.Becausetheydon'tmoveatall.B.Becausetheyaretoofarawayfromus.C.Becausetheymoveatthesamespeed.D.Becausetheymoveinthesamedirection.答案：B。根据第一段“Thestarsaremovingallthetime,buttheyaresofarawayfromusthatwecanhardlyseetheirmovement”可知是因为离我们太远了。33.WhatwilltheBigDipperlooklikein100,000years?A.Along-handledspoonwithastraighthandle.B.Aspoonwithacurvedhandleandasquarebowl.C.Along,thinknife.D.Abigbear.答案：C。根据第三段“In100,000years,theBigDipperwillnotlooklikeaspoonatall.Itwilllookmorelikealong,thinknife”可知10万年后它会看起来像细长的刀。34.WhatdoestheexampleofScholz'sStarshow?A.ThemovementofstarscaninfluencetheEarth.B.Starsaremovingveryfastinspace.C.CometsoftenhittheEarth.D.Thesolarsystemischangingallthetime.答案：A。根据第四段“Butactually,themovementofstarshasabiginfluenceonourplanet.Forexample,about70,000yearsago,asmallredstarcalledScholz'sStarpassedveryclosetooursolarsystem”可知这个例子是为了说明恒星的运动对地球有影响。35.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.TheBigDipper:AFamousStarGroupB.TheMovementofStarsandItsInfluenceC.TheHistoryofStarsintheMilkyWayD.TheChangeoftheNightSkyOverTime答案：B。文章不仅讲了北斗七星的形状变化是因为恒星运动，还讲了恒星运动对地球的影响，B选项最符合文章主旨。四、阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。（共10分，每小题2分）Onacoldwintermorning,12-year-oldLiMingwaswalkingtoschool.Hewaswearingathickcoat,ascarfandapairofgloves.Whenhepassedapark,hesawanoldmanlyingontheground.Theoldmanlookedveryweak.Therewereafewpeoplearoundhim,butnoonedaredtohelphim.Theywereafraidofbeingmistakenasthepersonwhoknockedhimdown.LiMinghesitatedforamoment.Herememberedwhathisteacherhadsaid:"Weshouldhelppeoplewhoareintrouble."Buthealsoheardaboutsomenewsthatpeoplewhohelpedotherswerecheated.However,whenhesawtheoldman'spaleface,hedecidedtohelphim.Hewalkeduptotheoldmanandasked,"Grandpa,areyouokay?"Theoldmanshookhisheadslightlyandcouldn'tspeakclearly.LiMingtookouthismobilephoneandcalled120immediately.Whilewaitingfortheambulance,LiMingtookoffhisscarfandputitaroundtheoldman'snecktokeephimwarm.Healsotalkedtotheoldmansoftlytomakehimstayawake.Soontheambulancearrived.Thedoctorscheckedtheoldmanandsaidthathehadaheartattack.Heneededtobesenttohospitalrightaway.Whentheoldmanwascarriedintotheambulance,LiMingfeltrelieved.Thenherantoschoolasfastashecould,buthewasstilllateforclass.Histeacherwasveryangryandaskedhimwhyhewaslate.LiMingtoldtheteacherwhathadhappened.Theteacherwasmoved.Shesaidtotheclass,"LiMingdidtherightthing.Weshouldalllearnfromhim.Helpingothersisavirtue,andweshouldnotbeafraidofhelpingpeopleinneed."Later,theoldman'sfamilyfoundLiMing'sschool.Theythankedhimagainandagainforsavingtheoldman'slife.LiMingsaid,"It'swhatIshoulddo.Ifeveryoneiswillingtohelpothers,ourworldwillbecomemorebeautiful."36.WheredidLiMingseetheoldman?答案：Hesawtheoldmaninthepark./Inapark.37.Whydidn'tthepeoplearoundhelptheoldmanatfirst?答案：Becausetheywereafraidofbeingmistakenasthepersonwhoknockedhimdown.38.WhatdidLiMingdowhilewaitingfortheambulance?答案：Hetookoffhisscarfandputitaroundtheoldman'snecktokeephimwarm,andtalkedtotheoldmansoftlytomakehimstayawake.39.Whatwaswrongwiththeoldman?答案：Hehadaheartattack.40.WhatdoyouthinkofLiMing?答案：Heiskind,helpful,braveandwarm-hearted./Hehasagoodvirtueandisagoodexampleforustolearnfrom.书面表达（共10分）五、文段表达（10分）41.从下面两个题目中任选一题，根据中文和英文提示，完成一篇不少于50词的文段写作。文中已给出内容不计入总词数。所给提示词语仅供选用。请不要写出你的校名和姓名。题目1假如你是李华，你们学校将要举办“劳动最光荣”主题活动，你打算邀请你们班交换生Peter参加。请用英语写一封电子邮件，告诉他活动的时间和地点，活动内容，以及需要做什么准备。提示词语：playground,sharehouseworkexperience,speech,workclothes提示问题：●Whenandwherewillyouholdtheactivity?●Whatwillyoudoattheactivity?●WhatdoyouadvisePetertoprepareforit?参考范文：DearPeter,Howisitgoing?I'mwritingtoinviteyoutotakepartinourschool's"LaborIstheMostGlorious"themedactivity.Theactivitywillbeheldontheschoolplaygroundat2:00nextFridayafternoon.Duringtheactivity,wewillfirstlistentoaspeechgivenbyamodelworkerwhohasmadegreatcontributionstoourcity.Thensomestudentswillsharetheirhouseworkexperience,includinghowtheyhelptheirparentscook,cleanthehouseandgrowvegetablesinthecommunitygarden.Afterthat,wewilltakepartinavoluntarylabortocleantheschoolclassroomsandpublicareas.Iadviseyoutowearcomf