《物流专业英语》-01《物流专业英语》-Unit-1-What-is-logistics-第三版新编

授课日期_______年___月___日授课教师授课专业/班级______专业______班级讲授单元Unit1单元讲授时长二学时讲授内容物流术语、课文、课堂练习教学任务：掌握本单元的物流专业术语掌握本单元的核心概念熟悉本单元的常用物流英语表达法熟悉本单元的物流流程第一部分Section1本单元核心术语Coretermslogistics物流distribution配送flowandstorageofgoods物料的流动和存储manufacturer厂家，制造商distributor配送商，流通商wholesaler批发商retailer零售商supplier供应商endcustomer最终客户physicalgoods实体物资，实物physicaldistribution

实体配送，物资流通integration整合optimization优化第二部分Section2本单元核心概念CoreconceptsWhatislogistics?什么是物流？Logistics,inanarrowsense,istheflowandstorageofgoods.狭义上讲，物流是商品的高效流动与存储。“Logisticsisthatpartofthesupplychain

processthatplans,implementsandcontrolstheefficient,effectiveflowandstorageofgoods,serviceandrelatedinformationfromthepointoforigintothepointofconsumptiontomeetcustomers’requirements.”“物流是供应链的一部分，它对产品、服务和相关信息从原产地到消费地的高效率和高效力的流动及存储进行规划、实施和控制，以满足客户的要求。”课堂教学之——Step1

单词领读由教师当堂领读生词纠正学生的发音领读完之后给学生留出5分钟的时间来温习单词。课堂教学之——Step2

重点内容掌握核心术语学习时间5分钟课堂教学之——Step3

难点学习理解并背诵核心概念学习时间5分钟课堂教学之——Step4

课文学习理解课文的意思对难句进行语法和结构讲解学习时间30分钟课文学习提示：教师在讲解课文时，除对课文进行翻译之外，还要顺带讲解一下难句的语法结构。HowabottleofCocaColacokemovestoanendconsumer一瓶可乐是如何到达最终消费者手中的IfaconsumerwantstohaveabottleofCocaColacoke,hecanchooseto:如果客户想买一瓶可口可乐，他可能选择：gostraighttothemanufacturer,buyitatex-factoryprice(e.g.1.50Yuan/bottle)butpayextracostsforbusfare(e.g.5Yuanormore),totaling6.50Yuanplustimecost(hoursofbustravel),or直接到厂家以出厂价(如1.50元/瓶)购买，但要支付额外的公共汽车费(如5元或更多)，总计6.50元，还要另加时间成本（数小时的巴士乘坐）,或者gotoasupermarketandbuyitatretailprice(e.g.2.50Yuan)withminimaltimecost去超市以零售价购买(如2.50元/瓶)，时间成本最低。ChoiceAisrarelythecasebecausethetotallogisticscostofdirectpurchasefromthemanufacturerisprohibitiveforanyindividual(2.6timesasmuchastheretailpriceintheabovecase),thoughitspurchasepriceismuchlowerthantheretailprice.A选择是极少出现的情况，因为从厂家直接购买的总物流成本对于个人而言是极其昂贵的（在上述的情况中，达到了零售价的2.6倍），虽然其采购价要比零售价低得多。ChoiceBisthemostpopularforindividualconsumers,inwhichthecustomerpaysahigherretailpriceinexchangeforeaseofshoppingandexemptionofthetime-consumingtraveltothemanufacturer,inadditiontoalowertotalcost.B选择是个人零散客户最常用的选择，在此种方式下，客户支付较高的零售价，在享有较低的总成本的同时，还可以换取购物的轻松并免除到厂家取货的耗时旅程。Generallyspeaking,movementsofgoods/productobservethetypicalsupplychainmodel(SeeFigure1).一般来说，商品/产品的流转需遵循典型的供应链模式（见图1）。Manufacturer厂家Distributor配送商Wholesaler批发商Retailer(Supermarket)零售商（超市）Endconsumer最终客户Figure1

Atypicalsupplychain图1

典型的供应链TheCocaColasoftdrinkproductmovesbythetypicalsupplychain.Theretailpriceishigherbecausevalueisaddedtotheproductasitpassesthrougheachnodeinthesupplychain(Figure2).可口可乐软饮料产品就是依照典型的供应链来移动的，其零售价更高，是因为当产品经过供应链的每个节点时增加了价值（图2）。Manufacturer厂家Distributor配送商Wholesaler批发商Retailer(Supermarket)零售商（超市）Endconsumer最终客户Figure2

Apresumptivevalue-addedmodel图2

推定增值模型1.51.61.72.5Whatislogistics?什么是物流？Logistics,inanarrowsense,istheflowandstorageofgoods.狭义上讲，物流是商品的高效流动与存储。However,theCouncilofLogisticsManagementofUSAhasgivenanauthoritativedefinitionwhichiswidelyacceptedbythelogisticsprofessionals.然而，美国物流管理协会给出了一个权威的定义，该定义受到物流专业人士的广泛接受。“Logisticsisthatpartofthesupplychainprocessthatplans,implementsandcontrolstheefficient,effectiveflowandstorageofgoods,serviceandrelatedinformationfromthepointoforigintothepointofconsumptiontomeetcustomers’requirements.”“物流是供应链的一部分，它对产品、服务和相关信息从原产地到消费地的高效率和高效力的流动及存储进行规划、实施和控制，以满足客户的要求。”Whatarethescopesoflogisticsactivities物流活动的范围是什么？AsshownintheFigure3,logisticsactivitiesareextensiveandconsistofvariouscomponents.如图3所示，物流活动是广泛的并且包括了多种构成成份。Logisticsactivities

Sourcing采办

Purchasing采购

Warehousing仓储

Transport运输

InventoryManagement库存管理FinancingSupport融资支持CustomerSupport客户支持Figure3Scopeoflogisticsactivities图3

物流活动的范围

物流活动Allfacetsoflogistics物流面面观Fromawiderperspective,wecanconcludethatlogisticsisorisabout:从更加广泛的视角来看，我们可以得出结论，物流是或者是关于…theflowandstorageofgoods,people,finance,servicesandrelatedinformationphysicaldistributionordistributionofphysicalgoodsanintegralpartofthesupplychain商品、人员、资金、服务和相关信息的流动与存储实体配送或实体物资的配送供应链的整体部分integrationandoptimizationofresourcesavalue-addedprocessefficiencyincreaseandcostreductionInnovation资源的整合与优化一个增值过程提高效率与降低成本创新Itisworthnotingthatthereisawide-spreadmisleadingconceptaboutlogistics,especiallyamongamateurs,thatlogisticsistransport.True,transportisthecorecomponentoflogisticsandwithoutitnothingcanmove.Neverthelesslogisticsmeansfarmorethantransportalonecanconvey.值得注意的是，人们，尤其是非专业人士，对物流有一种广泛的误导性概念，即认为物流就是运输。的确，运输是物流的核心构成部分，没有运输什么也动不起来。即使如此，物流仍然比单独的运输所能传达的意义要深远得多。以上内容为第一学时内所应完成的内容课堂教学之——Step5

阅读材料提示：这部分内容由教师指导，学生自学。以提高学生的自主学能力。Productionvsdistribution生产vs流通Therearetwotypesofprimaryactivitiesconcerningtheproductionofproducts:productionanddistribution.关于产品的生产，有两类基本的活动：生产与流通。Productionistheactorprocessofconvertingrawmaterialsintosemi-finishedgoodsorfinishedgoodsreadyforsale/delivery.Forinstance,aflourmillbuyswheat(rawmaterials)fromfarmers,processesitintoflour(semi-finishedproducts)andsellsittoabakery,whothenturnsitintobread(finishedproducts)readyforsaletoendconsumers(Figure4).生产是把原材料转换成半成品或成品供销售或交货的行为或过程。譬如，一家面粉厂从农民处购买小麦（原材料）、加工成面粉（半成品）并将面粉出售给面包店，面包店用面粉做成面包（成品），用于出售给最终消费者（图4）。Figure4Conversionofrawmaterialsintosemi-finishedproductsorfinishedproducts.图4

原材料转换成半成品或成品Wheat（RawMaterial）小麦(原料)Flour(semi-finishedproduct)面粉(半成品)Bread(finishedproduct)面包（成品）Distributionistheactorprocessofmovinggoods/product(semi-finishedorfinished)tovariouslocations/customers.Usuallymanufacturersfocusonproduction,whilelogisticscompaniesengageindistributionofgoods.流通是把商品/产品（半成品或成品）移动到不同地点或客户的行为或过程。通常来说，制造厂商把重心放在生产上，而物流公司则从事商品的流通。Ideallyanorganizationmayengageinbothproductionanddistribution.However,owingtothecomplexityandsubstantialityofdistribution,fewcompaniesperformwelliftheyengageinboth.理想情况下，一家公司可以既从事生产，也从事流通。然而，由于流通的复杂性和艰巨性，两样都做的公司很少能有良好的表现。Thereisnowanewtrendofoutsourcingthedistributionbusinesstospecializedcompanies,namelythird-partylogistics(3PL)companies,sothatthemanufacturerscanconcentratemoreoncoreproductionoperationwhilethelogisticscompaniescanhandledistributionmoredeftlyandprofessionally.

现在有一种新趋势，就是把流通业务外包给专业化的公司，即第三方物流公司（3PL），这样制造厂商就可以更好地集中精力于核心的生产运作，而物流公司也可以更娴熟、更专业地处理好流通业务。课堂教学之——Step6

课堂练习提示：这部分内容由教师指导，学生自学。以提高学生的自主学能力。

1.AnswerthefollowingquestionsinEnglish:

Whatisthedefinitionoflogistics?Logistics,inanarrowsense,istheflowandstorageofgoods.AccordingtotheCouncilofLogisticsManagementofUSA,“Logisticsisthatpartofthesupplychainprocessthatplans,implementsandcontrolstheefficient,effectiveflowandstorageofgoods,serviceandrelatedinformationfromthepointoforigintothepointofconsumptiontomeetcustomers’requirements.”2.Willanindividualconsumerchoosetogostraighttoamanufacturerandbuytheitemsbyhimself?Whynot?Anindividualconsumerrarelygostraighttothemanufacturerbecausethetotallogisticscostofdirectpurchasefromthemanufacturerisprohibitiveforanyindividual(2.6timesasmuchastheretailpriceintheabovecase),thoughitspurchasepriceismuchlowerthantheretailprice.3.Whydomostindividualconsumersgotoaretailoutletinsteadofgoingtothemanufactureriftheywanttobuysomething?Thereasonthatmostindividualconsumersgotoaretailoutletinsteadofgoingtothemanufactureristhatthecustomerpaysahigherretailpriceinexchangeforeaseofshoppingandexemptionofthetime-consumingtraveltothemanufacturer,inadditiontoalowertotalcost.4.Whyistheretailpricehigherthantheex-factoryprice?TheCocaColasoftdrinkproductmovesbythetypicalsupplychain.Theretailpriceishigherbecausevalueisaddedtotheproductasitpassesthrougheachnodeinthesupplychain.5.Whatarethescopeoflogisticsactivities?Logisticsactivitiesareextensiveandconsistofvariouscomponentssuchastransport,inventorymanagement,customersupport,purchasing,warehousing,financingsupportandsoon.

2.PutthefollowingwordsorphrasesintoChinese:Manufacturerex-factorypriceretailpricedirectpurchaseeaseofshoppingexemptionofthetime-consumingtravelmovementsofgoods/productsupplychaineachnodeinthesupplychainflowandstorageofgoodslogisticsprofessionalsplan,implementandcontrolpointoforiginpointofconsumptiontomeetcustomers’requirements生产厂家出厂价零售价直接采购轻松购物免除耗时的旅行商品/产品的流转供应链供应链中的每个节点商品的流动及储存物流专业人士规划、实施及控制原产地消费地