《物流专业英语》16《物流专业英语》Unit16Productionplanning1

2.Readingmaterials阅读材料Justintimepurchasingandproduction即时制采购和生产Computerisedsystemsallowinformationanddatatobegatheredandanalysed,toensurethattherightmaterialsrequiredfortheproductionprocessarealwaysavailableattherighttime.Thisfacilitatesreducedstockholdingbymatchingdeliveriestothepointintimethattheyarerequiredforconsumption.Thisisknownasjustintime(JIT).JITismostapplicabletomanufacturingwherepartsarerequiredforproductionlinesinspecificquantitiesandofaspecificquality.计算机化系统使信息和数据得以收集和分析，以确保生产进程所需要的恰当材料总是在恰当的时间现成供应，这有助于降低库存持有，这是通过把交货和所需货物的消费点进行及时匹配来实现的，这就是人们所说的“即时制”（JIT）。JIT最适合于制造业，在此，零件按照特定的数量和质量供应给生产线。TheJITconceptisthatifmade-inpartsareproducedintherightquantityforthenextstageoftheprocessandarereadyforthenextoperationtobecarriedout,thenwork-in-progressstocksarealmosteliminated.Similarly,ifbought-inpartsaredelivereddirecttotheproductionlineattherighttimeandintherightquantity,thenmaterialsstocksarealsolargelyeliminated.Bufferstocksarenotprovided,soshortagesandbottlenecksarehighlightedforimmediateaction.JIT的概念是这样的，如果内部生产的零件是以适当的数量为下一阶段的工序所生产的、并且已经为下一次运营的实行作好准备，那么，工作进程中的库存就几乎可以取消。同样地，如果购入的零件能在适当的时间并以适当的数量直接交付到生产线，那么也可以基本上消除材料库存。缓冲库存也无需提供，因此缺货和瓶颈被突出显示，以便及时采取行动。JITreliesonthecoordinationofproductionandpurchasingtoensuresynchronizationofsuppliesandmanufacture.Controlrightthroughthesupplychainisessentialbecausethesuppliesmustbeoftherightqualityandquantity,aswellasbeingdeliveredatpreciselytherighttime.