2026年福建省北师大版八年级英语第5单元词汇专项练习

2026年福建省北师大版八年级英语第5单元词汇专项练习一、单项选择题（每题2分，共20分）1.ThenewsciencemuseuminFuzhouis______interestingplacetovisitforstudentswhowanttolearnaboutdinosaurs.A.averyB.veryaC.anveryD.veryan解析：本题考查冠词和形容词的搭配。句中"interesting"为可数名词单数形式，需用不定冠词修饰。根据英语语法规则，当不定冠词用于辅音发音开头的单词前时，用"a"；用于元音发音开头的单词前时，用"an"。此处"interesting"以元音发音/i/开头，故选"D"。其他选项均存在冠词位置或搭配错误。2.Mysisteroftenhelpsmewithmyhomework,______sheisverygoodatmath.A.becauseB.soC.butD.and解析：本题考查连词的用法。根据句意"我妹妹经常帮我做作业，因为她数学很好"，前后分句存在因果关系，应使用表示因果关系的连词。选项中"because"表示原因，"so"表示结果，"but"表示转折，"and"表示并列。此处强调原因，故选"A"。若改为结果句，则应选"B"。3.Theteachertoldthestudents______theyshouldfinishtheprojectbyFriday.A.thatB.whatC.ifD.whether解析：本题考查宾语从句的引导词。句中"theteachertoldthestudents"为宾语从句的触发句，从句需表达"他们应该周五前完成项目"的意思。根据从句内容为陈述事实，且不缺少主语或宾语，应使用"That"引导。其他选项中"what"引导名词性从句，"if/whether"引导条件或选择从句，均不符合语境。4.______isafamousmountaininFujianProvince,knownforitsbeautifulscenery.A.MountLushanB.MountTaiC.MountEmeiD.MountHua解析：本题考查中国地理常识。根据题干"福建省著名山脉"的描述，庐山（MountLushan）位于江西省，黄山（MountHuangshan）位于安徽省，峨眉山（MountEmei）位于四川省，华山（MountHua）位于陕西省。唯有选项"A"符合地理范围，庐山是江西省的著名景点，以云海、奇石、松树闻名。5.Thestudentsarediscussing______theywillgotothezooorthemuseumthisweekend.A.whetherB.thatC.ifD.what解析：本题考查宾语从句的引导词。句中"discussing"表明学生正在讨论选择性问题，即"去动物园还是博物馆"。表示选择或不确定性的情况，应使用"whether"或"if"。两者在此语境中可互换，但"whether"更正式，故选"A"。6.Myparentsboughtmeabirthdaygift______Iwasveryhappy.A.becauseB.soC.whenD.that解析：本题考查连词的用法。根据句意"父母给我买了生日礼物，我非常高兴"，前后分句存在因果关系。选项"B"表示结果，但主句缺少主语，不符合语法；选项"C"表示时间；选项"D"不能引导原因状语从句。故选"A"表示原因。7.Theboyis______talltoplaybasketballintheprofessionalteam.A.tooB.soC.veryD.such解析：本题考查"too...to..."句型。句中"tall"为形容词，"toplaybasketball"为动词不定式，需用程度副词修饰。根据句意"这个男孩太高了，不能加入职业篮球队"，应使用"too"表示"太...而不能..."。其他选项中"so"需与形容词/副词连用，但结构错误；"very"不能与"to"直接搭配；"such"需与名词搭配。8.Thefilmwas______interestingthatIwatchedittwice.A.soB.tooC.veryD.such解析：本题考查"so...that..."句型。根据句意"这部电影太有趣了，我看了两次"，需用"so"引导结果状语从句。选项"B"不能与"that"搭配；选项"C"无此用法；选项"D"需与名词搭配。故选"A"构成正确句型。9.Thestudentswere______busy______theycouldn'tgototheparty.A.so/thatB.very/soC.too/thatD.such/that解析：本题考查"too...to..."和"so...that..."句型的区分。根据句意"学生们太忙了，以至于不能去参加派对"，需用"too...to..."结构。选项"A"和"C"中"so"与"that"混用错误；选项"D"中"such"需与名词搭配。故选"C"构成正确句型。10.Theteacheraskedthestudents______theyhadfinishedtheirhomework.A.ifB.whetherC.thatD.what解析：本题考查宾语从句的引导词。根据句意"老师问学生们是否完成了作业"，需用表示"是否"的引导词。选项"A"和"B"均可引导宾语从句，但"whether"更常用于正式语境或表示不确定性；选项"C"引导陈述性从句；选项"D"引导名词性从句。故选"B"更符合语境。二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）1.Thenewlibraryinourschoolhas______manybooksthatstudentscanhardlyfindtheonetheyneed.2.Mybrotheris______goodswimmer,sohecanswimacrosstherivereasily.3.Thegirlwith______longhairismybestfriend.4.TheweatherinFujianis______thaninHeilongjiangbecauseitisclosertothesea.5.Thestudentsare______busy______theyhavenotimetoplayafterschool.6.______youstudyhard,______marksyouwillget.7.Theteachertoldus______weshouldbehonestandhelpfultoothers.8.Theboyis______old______hecangotoschoolbyhimself.9.Themoviewas______funny______Ilaughedallthetime.10.Thestudentsdiscussed______theywouldgotothebeachorthemountainforthevacation.三、判断题（每题2分，共20分）1."Iamtootiredtowalkhome."Thissentenceusesthestructure"too...to..."correctly.2."ThebookissointerestingthatIreadittwice."Thissentenceusesthestructure"so...that..."correctly.3."Whetherwegotothezooorthemuseum,wewillhaveagoodtime."Thissentenceuses"whether"correctly.4."Theboyistooshorttoplaybasketball."Thissentenceuses"too...to..."correctly.5."ThemoviewassuchinterestingthatIwatcheditagain."Thissentenceisgrammaticallywrong.6."Thestudentsweresobusythattheycouldn'tgototheparty."Thissentenceuses"so...that..."correctly.7."Theteacheraskedthestudentsiftheyhadfinishedtheirhomework."Thissentenceuses"if"correctly.8."Theboyissuchtallthathecan'tsitonthechair."Thissentenceisgrammaticallywrong.9."Thestudentsarediscussingthattheywillgotothebeach."Thissentenceisgrammaticallywrong.10."Thegirlwiththelonghairismybestfriend."Thissentenceusesthestructure"with+adj+n"correctly.四、简答题（每题2分，共16分）1.Explainthedifferencebetween"so...that..."and"too...to..."inyourownwords.2.Howcanyouuse"whether"or"if"inasentence?Giveanexample.3.Whatisthefunctionof"with+adj+n"structureinEnglish?4.Howdoyouuse"such...that..."structure?Giveanexample.5.Whatisthemeaningof"because"inasentence?6.Howcanyouuse"and"toconnecttwosentences?7.Whatisthedifferencebetween"that"and"which"inasentence?8.Howdoyouuse"but"toconnecttwosentences?五、应用题（每题4分，共24分）1.Rewritethefollowingsentenceusing"so...that...":"Themoviewasveryinteresting.Iwatchedittwice."2.Rewritethefollowingsentenceusing"too...to...":"Theboyisverytall.Hecan'treachtheshelf."3.Rewritethefollowingsentenceusing"with+adj+n":"Thegirlhaslonghair.Sheisbeautiful."4.Rewritethefollowingsentenceusing"whether":"Thestudentsdiscussediftheywouldgotothebeach."5.Rewritethefollowingsentenceusing"because":"Thestudentswerelate.Theymissedthebus."6.Rewritethefollowingsentenceusing"and":"Theboyistall.Hecanplaybasketballwell."标准答案及解析一、单项选择题1.D解析：元音发音开头的单词前用"an"，"interesting"以/i/音开头，故选"D"。2.A解析：前后分句存在因果关系，"because"表示原因，符合语境。3.A解析：宾语从句表达陈述事实，且不缺少成分，用"That"引导。4.A解析：庐山位于江西省，是福建省的著名山脉，其他选项均位于其他省份。5.A解析："whether"表示选择或不确定性，符合讨论去动物园或博物馆的语境。6.A解析："because"表示原因，符合"买了礼物→很高兴"的因果关系。7.A解析："too...to..."结构表示"太...而不能..."，符合语境。8.A解析："so...that..."结构表示"太...以至于..."，符合语境。9.C解析："too...to..."结构表示"太...而不能..."，符合语境。10.B解析："whether"更常用于正式或不确定语境，符合"是否完成作业"的提问。二、填空题1.so/that解析："so...that..."结构表示"太...以至于..."，符合语境。2.a/good解析："agoodswimmer"为固定搭配，"swimmer"为可数名词单数。3.a/long解析："alonghair"为固定搭配，但需注意"hair"为不可数名词，此处用"a"修饰单数概念。4.warmer/than解析：比较级结构，"Fujian"比"Heilongjiang"更温暖，用"warmer"和"than"。5.so/that解析："so...that..."结构表示"太...以至于..."，符合语境。6.Theharder/thehigher解析："the+比较级，the+比较级"结构表示"越...越..."。7.that/to解析："toldusthatweshould..."为宾语从句，"should"为情态动词，后接动词原形。8.too/to解析："too...to..."结构表示"太...而不能..."，符合语境。9.so/that解析："so...that..."结构表示"太...以至于..."，符合语境。10.whether/would解析："whether...or..."结构表示选择，"would"为情态动词，后接动词原形。三、判断题1.√解析："too...to..."结构正确，表示"太...而不能..."。2.√解析："so...that..."结构正确，表示"太...以至于..."。3.√解析："whether"正确引导选择状语从句。4.√解析："too...to..."结构正确，表示"太...而不能..."。5.√解析："such"需与名词搭配，"suchinteresting"错误，应为"suchaninterestingbook"。6.√解析："so...that..."结构正确，表示"太...以至于..."。7.√解析："if"正确引导宾语从句。8.√解析："such"需与名词搭配，"suchtall"错误，应为"suchatallboy"。9.√解析："that"引导宾语从句时，若主句为陈述句，"that"可省略，但此处需保留。10.√解析："with+adj+n"结构表示伴随状态，符合语境。四、简答题1."so...that..."表示"太...以至于..."，用于主句和从句之间表示程度和结果；"too...to..."直接连接形容词和动词不定式，表示"太...而不能..."。例如："ThemoviewassointerestingthatIwatchedittwice."vs."Theboyistootalltoreachtheshelf."2."whether"和"if"均可引导宾语从句，但"whether"更常用于正式语境或表示选择；"if"更常用于口语。例如："Whetherwegotothezooorthemuseum,wewillhavefun."vs."Thestudentsdiscussediftheywouldgotothebeach."3."with+adj+n"结构表示伴随状态或特征，例如："Thegirlwithlonghairismybestfriend."（长发女孩）或"Theroomwithabigwindowisbright."（带大窗户的房间很亮）。4."such...that..."结构表示"如此...以至于..."，例如："Theboyissuchatallthathecan'tsitonthechair."（如此高以至于不能坐）。5."because"表示原因，用于引导原因状语从句，例如："Th