2026年河北省北师大版八年级英语上册第12单元同步练习题

2026年河北省北师大版八年级英语上册第12单元同步练习题一、单项选择题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.根据第12单元课文内容，Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassageabout"ProtectingtheEnvironment"?A.Todescribedifferenttypesofpollutionindetail.B.Topersuadereaderstotakeactionagainstenvironmentalproblems.C.Tointroducefamousenvironmentalscientistsaroundtheworld.D.Tocomparetheeffectsofurbanandruralpollution.解析：本题考查单元主题“环境保护”的核心目的。课文明确通过案例和倡议，强调个人责任与集体行动，选项B最符合单元主旨。选项A、C、D虽涉及单元内容，但非核心目标。解析需结合课文第2段"Everyonecanmakeadifference"等关键句分析。2.AccordingtothedialogueinSectionB,whydoesLilysuggestusingreusablebags?A.Becausetheyarecheaperthandisposableones.B.Becausetheyareeasiertocarrythanclothbags.C.Becausetheyhelpreduceplasticwaste.D.Becausetheylookmorefashionable.解析：本题关联单元语法点"情态动词should"与环保主题。根据对话第3句"Lily:'Weshouldusethemtoprotectanimals.'"，选项C直接体现单元核心观点。其他选项通过排除法（如价格对比在第5单元涉及）可判定错误。3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"sustainable"meaninthepassageaboutrenewableenergy?A.TemporaryB.ExpensiveC.EnvironmentallyfriendlyD.Man-made解析：本题测试单元词汇"renewableenergy"。根据第1篇阅读文章第4段上下文"Windandsolarpoweraresustainablebecause..."，结合单元词汇表注释，选项C准确对应单元定义。解析需对比"不可持续"概念（如化石能源）。4.Howdoestheteacherinthevideosuggeststudentsparticipateintheschoolrecyclingprogram?A.Bywritingareportaboutrecycling.B.BycollectingplasticbottleseveryFriday.C.Bydesigningpostersfortheschool.D.Byplantingtreesinthegarden.解析：本题考查单元听力技能。根据视频第2分钟处教师指令"Collectrecyclablesinthebluebinseveryday"，选项B与单元活动设计一致。解析需结合听力原文中"action-oriented"的表述。5.Whatisthecorrectwaytoexpress"节约用水"intheunit'sgrammarsection?A.SavewatercarefullyB.UsewatertoomuchC.Don'twastewaterD.Waterisimportant解析：本题关联单元语法"祈使句"。根据语法练习第3页例句"Pleasesavewater"，选项C完整表达单元重点句式结构。解析需对比其他错误选项的语法错误（如B缺少情态动词）。6.Accordingtothepassageaboutoceanpollution,whichproblemisdescribedasthemostserious?A.Oilspillsaffectingbeaches.B.Plasticwastefloatinginthesea.C.Chemicalpollutionfromfactories.D.Overfishingincoastalareas.解析：本题考察单元阅读理解深度。根据第2篇阅读第2段数据"90%ofoceanplasticcomesfromland"，选项B与单元图表信息一致。解析需结合单元地图标注的污染热点区域。7.Whatdoestheunit'sspeakingactivityfocusonwhendiscussingenvironmentalprotection?A.Givingopinionsaboutclimatechange.B.AskingforhelpinEnglish.C.Describingdailyhabitstoreducewaste.D.Reportingnewsaboutnaturaldisasters.解析：本题关联单元口语技能。根据教材第6页活动说明"Talkaboutthreethingsyoucando"，选项C直接对应单元任务型教学。解析需引用单元口语评价标准（如流利度、准确性）。8.Howdoesthepassageabout"GreenCities"describethebenefitsofpublictransportation?A.Itsavespeopletimeandmoney.B.Itreducesairpollutionincities.C.Itmakescitylifemoreinteresting.D.Ithelpspeoplestayfit.解析：本题测试单元细节理解能力。根据第3篇阅读第5段"TrainsandbusesproducelessCO2thancars"，选项B与单元数据对比一致。解析需结合单元表格中不同交通方式的排放量对比。9.Whatisthemainideaoftheunit'swritingtaskabout"MyPlanforaGreenerSchool"?A.Towriteastoryaboutenvironmentalheroes.B.Topersuadeteacherstobuynewequipment.C.Tosuggestspecificactionsforschoolimprovement.D.Tocomparedifferentschoolbuildings.解析：本题考查单元写作目标。根据写作指南第2页要求"Includethreeactions"，选项C符合单元任务要求。解析需结合单元评分标准（如建议可行性、语言准确性）。10.Accordingtotheunit'sgrammarfocuson"must/should/may",whichsentenceiscorrectforexpressingasuggestion?A.Wemustnotthrowtrashontheground.B.Youshouldrecyclepaperathome.C.Theymayuseplasticbagssometimes.D.Hecansavewatereveryday.解析：本题测试单元语法应用。根据语法规则表第1条"Should+baseverbforadvice"，选项B准确使用情态动词。解析需对比其他选项的语法错误（如A缺少情态动词）。二、填空题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Thepassageabout"PlasticPollution"statesthatabout______ofallplasticisnotrecycled.解析：根据单元数据图表第1页，填入"9%"，需结合单元环保报告中的统计信息。2.Inthevideo,thestudentsuggestsusing______toreduceelectricityconsumption.解析：根据视频第1分钟学生发言，填入"LEDbulbs"，需结合单元语法"祈使句"结构。3.Theunit'sspeakingactivityrequiresstudentsto______threewaystoprotectanimals.解析：根据口语任务说明，填入"describe"，需结合单元话题词汇"endangeredspecies"。4.Accordingtothepassage,windenergyis______becauseitdoesn'tproduceharmfulgases.解析：根据阅读文章第3段，填入"clean"，需结合单元语法"形容词比较级"。5.Theteacherasksstudentsto______aposteraboutwaterconservation.解析：根据写作任务要求，填入"design"，需结合单元语法"现在进行时"表将来。6.Theunit'sgrammarsectionexplainshowtouse______togiveadvice.解析：根据语法重点提示，填入"should"，需结合单元语法"情态动词"表格。7.Thepassageabout"GreenCities"mentionsthatCopenhagenuses______toreducecartraffic.解析：根据阅读文章第4段，填入"bicycles"，需结合单元话题词汇"urbanplanning"。8.Theunit'slisteningactivityincludesaconversationabout______intheschoolcafeteria.解析：根据听力原文第2段，填入"reducingfoodwaste"，需结合单元语法"现在完成时"。9.Thepassageaboutoceanpollutiondescribeshow______affectseaturtles.解析：根据阅读文章第2段，填入"plasticbags"，需结合单元话题词汇"marinelife"。10.Theunit'swritingtaskasksstudentsto______theirownideasforagreenercommunity.解析：根据写作指南第1页，填入"brainstorm"，需结合单元语法"动词不定式"用法。三、判断题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Thepassageabout"ProtectingtheEnvironment"onlymentionsproblemswithoutsolutions.(×)解析：根据课文第3段"Herearesomeeasysteps..."，单元内容包含解决方案，故错误。2.Usingreusablebagsismoreexpensivethanusingdisposableones.(×)解析：根据单元语法"情态动词"部分对比表格，长期使用更经济，故错误。3.Theunit'slisteningactivityisaboutinterviewingfamousenvironmentalists.(×)四、简答题（总共8题，每题2分，共16分）1.ExplainhowusingLEDbulbscanhelpprotecttheenvironment.解析：需结合单元阅读文章第4段内容，从"energy-saving"和"nopollution"两方面作答。2.Describetwoproblemscausedbyplasticpollutionintheocean.解析：需结合单元数据图表，分别从"seaanimals"和"beaches"角度作答。3.Whatarethreethingsyoucandotoreducewasteathome?解析：需结合单元口语活动，使用"should"句式给出具体建议。4.Howdoesthepassageabout"GreenCities"describethebenefitsofwalking?解析：需结合阅读文章第2段，从"health"和"nopollution"角度作答。5.Explainthedifferencebetween"should"and"must"intheunit'sgrammarsection.解析：需对比单元语法表格，从"advice"和"obligation"强度作答。6.Whatisthemainideaofthepassageabout"RenewableEnergy"?解析：需结合阅读文章第1段，从"alternativesources"和"environment"角度作答。7.Describehowthelisteningactivityintheunithelpsimprovespeakingskills.解析：需结合教材说明，从"shadowing"和"pronunciation"角度作答。8.Whyisitimportanttoprotectendangeredanimalsaccordingtotheunit?解析：需结合单元词汇表，从"ecosystembalance"和"future"角度作答。五、应用题（总共8题，每题4分，共24分）1.Writeashortparagraph(5sentences)abouthowyourschoolcanbecomegreener.Includeatleasttwosuggestions.解析：需使用单元语法"情态动词"和话题词汇，如"shouldplanttrees"和"mustreducewaste"。2.Completethedialogueaboutrecyclingintheschool.Fillintheblankswithwordsfromthebox.A:We______(should)separatepaperfromothertrash.B:Yes,andwe______(can)usethebluebinsoutside.A:Whataboutplasticbottles?B:They______(must)gointhespecialcollectionpoint.解析：需结合单元语法"情态动词"和话题词汇"recycling".3.Rewritethesentence"Peopleshouldsavewatereveryday."using"must".解析：需使用单元语法"情态动词"转换，改为"Peoplemustsavewatereveryday."4.Completethepassageaboutwindenergywiththecorrectformoftheverbinbrackets.Windenergyis______(be)cleanbecauseit______(notproduce)CO2.It______(be)usefulforcountrieswithlotsofwind.解析：需使用单元语法"动词时态"和话题词汇"renewableenergy".5.Writethreequestionsyouwouldaskafriendabouttheirenvironmentalhabits.解析：需使用单元语法"一般疑问句"和话题词汇"wastereduction".6.Completethepostertextaboutsavingelectricity."Turnofflightswhenyou______(leave).Useenergy-efficientappliances.______(you)helptheplanet?"解析：需使用单元语法"祈使句"和话题词汇"conservation".7.Writeashortemail(4sentences)toyourschoolprincipalsuggestingarecyclingprogram.解析：需使用单元语法"情态动词"和话题词汇"environmentalprotection".8.Completethesentencewiththecorrectwordfromthebox.-Thepassageisabout______(protect)theocean.-Wemust______(notuse)disposablecutlery.-Animalsneedasafeplaceto______(live).解析：需使用单元语法"动词不定式"和话题词汇"marinelife".【标准答案及解析】一、单项选择题1.B2.C3.C4.B5.C6.B7.C8.B9.C10.B二、填空题1.9%2.LEDbulbs3.describe4.clean5.design6.should7.bicycles8.reducingfoodwaste9.plasticbags10.brainstorm解析示例（第3题）：根据口语活动说明"Talkaboutthreeways"，动词原形"describe"符合单元语法"情态动词表"中"talkabout"的用法。解析需对比其他错误选项（如"write"缺少