过去分词（知识清单）-2027年高考英语一轮复习默写版

单个过去分词一作为前置定语，修饰名词，表达被动或完成意义

过去分词短语一作为后置定语，补充说明名词，表达被动亚完成意义

直接作状语一过去分词(短语)直接作状语，表达时间、原因、伴醺等

过去分词作状语

Havingdone形式区别于作状语的过去分词，Havingdone强调主动

1r过去分词作表语一表示主语的状态或特征，与搬动语态有区别

］过去分-过去分词作表语

1过去分词作表语与被动语态一区分过去分词作表语和被动语态的用法和含义

|词用法］

观感使役动词一胞劫词作宾补，表达宾语和宾补之硼励关系

J过去分词作宾语补足语--“with+名词+过去分词”-结构中使用过去分词，表达伴随情况或状态

・“名词+过去分词”一结构中使用过去分词，表达名词的特征或状态

状语从句省略用法-过去分间短语普代状语从句，简化句子结构

I过去分词与状语从句省略

过去分词短语作插入语一作为植入语，注意习惯搭配和含义

考点一过去分词作定语

知识点1单个过去分词作前置定语

单个过去分词作前置定语，表示一个、动作。

Thebrokenglassonthefloorremindsmeofmycarelessmistakeyesterday.

地上一块破碎的玻璃杯让我想起昨天自己粗心犯下的过错。

Awrittenletterfrommyfriendarrivedearlyonthiscoldwintermorning.

朋友寄来的手写书信在这个寒冷冬口清晨一早就送达了。

知识点2过去分词短语作后置定语

过去分词短语修饰名词作后置定语，表示一个、动作。

Thetreesplantedlastspringgrow(al)andstrongbesidethevillageroad.

去年春天栽种的树木在村道旁长得高大茁壮。

Theancientpaintingsdiscoveredin:hecavedrawlotsofhistorylovers'attention.

洞穴里出土的古画吸引了众多历史爱好者的目光。

□□□□

1.现在分词doing作定语，表示一个_________、__________动作。

Aglowingcandleonthewoodendesklightsupthesmallquietstudyroomatnight.

木桌上一支摇曳发光的蜡烛在夜里照亮了这间安静狭小的书房。

2,现在分词被动式beingdone作定语，则表示一个__________、__________动作。

Theinjuredboybeingireatedinhospitalhopestoreturntohisclasssoonafterrecovery.

医院里正在接受救治的受伤男孩希望康复后尽快回到班级。

3,过去分词作定语表示一个_________、__________动作。

Thedriedfruitsstoredinjarstastesweetandarefullofnaturalnutrition.

罐子里存放的干果味道香甜，还富含天然营养。

4.不定式todo作定语表示一个________动作。

Westillhaveplentyofdifficulttaskstosolvebeforetheproject'sfinaldeadline.

在项目最终截止前我们还有不少棘手任务需要解决。

5.不定式被动式tobedone作定语表示一个________、__________动作。

Themedicalsuppliestobesenttomounlainareasarepackedinlargewoodenboxes.

即将送往山区的医疗物资都被装在大大的木箱之中。

【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。

1.（26-27高三上•全国•课后作业）40yearsago,mostpeopleinChinalivedinsmallhouseswherewinterseemed

tobeextremelycold,butnowpeopleliveinlargehouses（equip）withheatingsystems.

2.（25-26高三•全国•三轮复习）Theproject,ledbyKoichiTakadaArchitects,isamixed-usedevelopment

（intend）tosen-easagatewaytothenewShanghaiTianAnCaobaoRoadAreaResidential

Masterplan.

3.（25-26高三•全国•三轮复习）Contemporarydesignershavecreatedthree-dimensionalbuildingblocks

（inspire）bytheLubanLock,servingaseducationaltoolstoinspirecreativityandcriticalthinkingin

children.

4.（25-26高.三•全国•三轮复习）BertdrawsinspirationfromtheTerracottaWarriorsofChina,whichwerean

ancientarmy（bury）undergroundforthousandsofyears.

5.（2026高三上•全国•专题练习）Otherihanethnicculture,theChinesepublishingdelegationwasalsodisplaying

bocks（detail）Chineseecologicalcivilization.

考点二过去分词作状语

知识点1过去分词（短语）直接作状语

1.过去分词作状语，逻辑主语是句子的土语，用作时间、原因、条件、让步、伴随状语，强调该动作与

句子主语之间的0

Seenfromthelophill,thewholesmalltownlooksquietandextremelybeautifulatdusk.

从山顶望去，整座小镇在黄昏时分显得宁静又格外秀美。

Givenmorecarefulsupport,thisyoungathletewillachievefargreatercompetitionresults.

倘若给予更细致的扶持，这位年轻选手会取得好得多的比赛成绩。

2.过去分词+介词”短语作状语时，,直接月作状语。

“be+过去分词+in”类短语：

belostin陷入,belocatedin坐落在,beoccupiedin专心于,beabsorbedin专心致志于,bestuckin被困在,be

trappedin被困在，beinvolvedin参与，beburiedin埋头于，bedressedin穿着・・・

“be+过去分词+、vith”类短语：

besatisfiedwith对...满意，beequippedwith配备有,beloadedwith装载着,beburdenedwith负担着,be

facedwith面临着…

、、be+过去分词+to”类短语：

beaccustomedto习惯于,beaddictedto沉迷于,bedevoted/committedto致力于,beexposedto暴露于,be

usedto习惯余…

Locatedinthevalley,theancientvillagekeepsitstraditionallifestyleperfectly.

这座古村落坐落在山谷中，完好保留着传统生活方式。

FacedwithfiercecomDetition,thesmallfactoryimprovesitsproductqualityconstantly.

面临激烈的竞争，这家小工厂持续不断提升产品质量。

Exposedtodifferentculturesabroad,studentsbroadentheirviewsgreatlyindailylife.

在国外接触多元文化，学生们在日常生活中极大拓宽了眼界。

oom

“be+过去分词+介词”短语作谓语时，__________,根据语境需要变化。

Thoseoldscientistsweredevotedtodevelopingnewenergyequipmentinharshconditionsdecadesago.

数十年前，老一辈科学家在艰苦环境中潜心研发新能源设备。

CommittedtoenvironmentalDrotcction.volunteersplanthundredsoftreeseveryspring.

志愿者们致力于环保事业，每年春天栽种数百棵树苗。

知识点2Havingdone形式作状语

现在分词完成式havingdone属于主动意义，表示的动作发生；而过去分词作状

语属于被动含义,有着明显差别。

Havingfinishedthewholemonth'stasksaheadoftime,hetookasherttripwithhisfamily.

提前完成整月工作任务后，他和家人开启了短途旅行。

Praisedbyihcmanagerforhighefficiency,hegotanextradayoffasaspecialreward.

因高效工作受到经理表扬，他多获得一天休假作为特殊奖励。

【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。

1.（2026高三上•河南鹤壁•专题练习）（trap）inthefreezingwater,Kianaknewtheonlyeffectiveplan

wastogettoshoreherselfandfindhelp.

2.（2027高三•全国•专题练习）（refer）toasmatrixplanting,thisapproachaimsfornaturetodoalot

moreoftheheavyliftinginthegarden,andevensomeofthedesigning.

3.（25-26高三•全国•二轮复习）（consider）theworld'sleadingexpertonchimpanzees,shefoundher

approachinitiallymetwithmuchcriticismfromotherscientists.

4.（25-26高三•全国•二轮复习）（equip）withacutting-edgeelectromagneticcatapultsystem,theFujian

isthefirstaircraftcarrierinthePeople'sLiberationAnnyNavy.

5.（25-26高三•全国•二轮复习）First（publish）in1637,thebook,TianGongKaiWu,offersasummary

ofancientChina'smanufacturingandfanningtechniques,earningrecognitionasanencyclopediaofscienceand

technology.

考点三过去分词作表语

知识点1过去分词作表语

过去分词作表语，多表示人的情感，翻译为“”。

Mygrandpawasannoyedbecausesomeonehadparkedacarrightinfrontofhisgate.

有人把车正好停在他家大门前，爷爷感到十分恼火。

Wearerelievedthatalltheinjuredhikershavebeensenttothelocalhospitalsafely.

所有受伤徒步者都安全送医，我们总算感到松了一口气。

知识点2过去分词作表语和被动语态区别

L"c/get+过去分词”构成，主语是动作承受者，突出“被做”这个行为，常有动作执行者、

时间、方式等动作类修饰词。

被动语态（动作）：Theglassbottlewasbrokenbyaheavystonefallingfromabove.

玻璃瓶被一块从上坠落的重石头砸破了。（外力撞击的动作）

系表结构（状态）：Myoldmobilephoneisbrokenandcannotreceiveanycallsnow.

我的旧手机坏掉了，现在一通电话都接不了。（描述损坏状态）

2.现在分词作表语多强调«过去分词相当于形容词，描述主语当下的情绪.处境等0

被动语态（动作）；Theshopwasclosedbythebossearlyyesterdayevening.

昨晚店主早早关上了店铺。（有施动者、过去关门动作）

系表结构（状态）：Theshopisclosedoneverypublicholidayallyearround.

这家店全年每逢法定节假日都歇业。（只讲营业状态）

【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。

I.（2025高三上•河南鹤壁•专题练习）Sheworkedhardforthreeyearsandfinallygot（admit）toher

dreamuniversity.

2.（2025高三上•全国•专题练习）WhenBobgot（absorb）inhisworldofmusic,hefeltasifhecould

"see"thebeautyoftheworldaroundhim,likehehadinhispreviouslife.

3.（24-25高三•全国•一轮好习）Weallneedtogel（involve）insavingenergywhetherit'satv/ork,athome,

oratschool.

4.（2026高三•全国•专题练习）Pleaseremain（seat）;thecaristurningaroundasharpturn.

5.（25-26高三•北京-二轮复习）Thankstoherlifetimededicationtothefield,Tang（honor）withthe

LifetimeAchievementAwardinTranslationin2024.

考点四过去分词作宾语补足语

知识点1观感使役类动词接过去分词作宾语补足语

观感使役类动词接过去分词作宾补，表示与宾语之间。

国DO口

____________（汉语谐音记忆）

notice,make,hear,listento,see,observe,watch,have,feel

Weheardtheoldsongsungsoftlybyayounggirlstandingunderthebigcherrytree.

我们听见那首老歌被站在大樱桃树下的小姑娘轻柔地哼唱。

Hegotallhisexampaperscheckedagaintoavoidcarelessspellingmistakes.

他把所有试卷重新找人检查一遍，避免粗心的拼写错误。

知识点2用于“with+名词+过去分词”结构

过去分词可以用于“with+名词+现在分词”结构，该结构在句中作状语或定语。用过去分词表示宾语

和宾补之间o

Hesatquietlyathisdesk,withhiseyesfixedonthelinesofthedifficultEnglishpassage.

他静静里在桌前，口光牢牢盯在这篇难懂英语短文的字句上。

Withalllasksfinishedaheadofschedule,ourgroupenjoyedarelaxingafternoonbreak.

所有任务提前完成后，我们小组享受了一段轻松的午后休息时光。

nilliKJ

该结构用现在分词表示宾语和宾补之间___________;用动词不定式强调____________，其逻辑主语往

往是句子的主语。

Withbrightsunshineshiningeverywhere,touriststakelotsofphotosofthemountainscenery.

明媚阳光四处洒落，游客们拍下许多山间美景照片。

Wilhihewindowsclosedlighlly,theroomkeepswarmevenonfreezingwinternights.

窗户紧闭，即便严寒冬夜屋内依旧暖意十足。

Withpilesofpaperstosortout,thesecretarycannotleavetheofficeforlunchrightnow.

还有成堆文件需要整理，秘书此刻没法离开办公室去吃午饭。

知识点3用于“名词+过去分词”结构

过去分词可以用于“名词+过去分词”，构成,该结构可以与with结构完美替

换。用过去分词表示宾语和宾补之间。

Hisbikebroken/Withhisbikebroken,hehadtowalkalongwaytoschooleverymorning.

自行车坏了，他每天早上不得不步行很远去上学。

【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。

I.：25-26高三•全国•二轮复习)The2021listofBestTourismVillageswasreleasedatthe24thGeneralAssembly

oftheWorldTourismOrganization,withYucun(list)amongthe44outstandingvillages.

2.(25-26高三下•北京•二轮复习)Ifyoudecidetomajorinasocialscience,youshouldexpecttoconductyour

ownresearchandkeepyourself(equip)withrelatedinformation.

3.(25-26高三•全国•二轮复习)Theirwoodencarvingsandfolksongskeeppeople(remind)ofa

sharedheritagethrough(imeandchange.

4.(25-26高三上•福建泉州•开学考试)Withtheword4TM2.5^^constantly(appear)inmedia

reports,youmightbewonderingwhatonearthitmeans.

5.(25-26高三•全国•二轮复习)Despitebeingtwogoalsbehindinthefirsthalf,theChinesewomen'snational

foo:ballteamgotthreeinthesecondhalfwithtwogoals(score)injustfiveminutes.

考点五过去分词与状语从句省略

知识点1状语从句省略用法

在状语从句中，为了使语言更加简洁、生动，经常运用省略形式。省略原则：①当从句和主句的主语

一致；②且从句的谓语部分有be动词，就可以把___________和o

If(youare)facedwithtrouble,youcanturntoyourteachersforusefuladvice.

倘若遇到难题，你可以向老师寻求实用建议。

Although(hewas)criticizedmanytimes,hestillrefusedtochangehiscarelesshabits.

尽管多次受到批评，他仍不愿改掉粗心的习惯。

状语从句省略后构成“连接词+现在分词”或者“连接词+过去分词”结构。注意两个易错点：一是利

用主被动关系作出选择；二是没有其他它“连接词+todo/beingdone”等形式。

Whilepreparingforthecompetition,shepracticedspeakingeverysingleday.

备战比赛期间，她每一天都练习口语。

Ifgivenenoughtime,youwillworkoutallthesedifficultmathproblemsstepbystep.

倘若给予充足时间，你能一步步解出所有数学难题。

知识点2过去分词短语作插入语

过去分词短语作插入语时，通常与句子主体用逗号隔开，独立于句子的语法结构之外，用于补充说明说话

人的态度、看法，或提供额外的背景信息、解释说明等。Comparedwith/to…用作,表示“与……

相比”，这时to和with均可；Given(that)…意为"",后接从句；Provided(that)…意为

“"，后接从句。

CoinDarcdwithmanyancientcities,thistownkeepsmoreoriginalfolkcustomsandoldbuildings.

和众多古城相比，这座小镇保留了更多原生态民俗与老建筑。

Givenihaliheweaiherforecastwarnsofheavyrain,wedecidetodelaythehikingactivity.

鉴于天气预报预警有大雨，我们决定推迟徒步活动。

ProvidedIhalallteammemberscooperateclosely,wecanfinishtheprojectaheadofschedule.

倘若全体队员紧密配合，我们就能提前完成这项工程。

【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。

1.(25-26高三•全国•二轮复习)Once(consider)justachildren'stoy,thiscrafthasnowevolvedinto

amajorsocialcurrencyamongteenagersinChina.

2.(2026而三•全国•专题练习)Althoughlargely(ignore),materialsthrownawayprovideplentyof

resourcesforusartiststogivethemasecondlife.

3.（25-26高三下•安徽合肥・月考）Once（complete）,thispowerstationwillsupplyall（he

neighboringtownsandvillageswithelectricity.

4.（25-26高三上•全国•课后作业）When（expose）todangerandconllicl,peopletendtoincreaseblood

pressure.

5.（25-26高三•江苏•课后作业）When（compare）differentcultures,weoftenpayattentiononlyto

ihedifferenceswithoutnoiicingthesimilarities.

Ih优题精练•专题实战通关

Q命Q❷

高考真题分类精炼（过去分词）

考点一：考查过去分词短语作定语（与被修饰名词构成被动关系）

I.（2025天津6月卷）EngineersintheUKaregoingcobuildanewsatellite（design）（otracksolar

storms.

I.（2024新课标II卷）Twoyearslater,asix-meter-tallpavilion,（inspire）byThePeonyPavilion,was

built_attheFirsGarden,justtenminutes'walkfromShakespeare'sbirthplace.

3.（2024浙江1月卷）Overthelasttwoyears,somesupermarketshavestartedsellingchickenorsaladinpacks

（design）withtwohalvescontainingseparateportions（份）.

4.（2023新课标I卷）Shanghaimaybethe（recognize）homeofthesoupdumplingsbutfoodhistorians

willactuallypointyoutotheneighboringcanaltownofNanxiangasXiaolonghao'sbirthplace.

5.（2023全国甲卷）Behindthesimplestyle,however,isaseriousmessage（intend）foreveryone.

6.（2023全国乙卷）FromBuddhisttemplestomuseums,narrowhutongtoroyalpalaces,itishometomorethan

3,000yearsofglorioushistoryevendowntoitslayout,withthecitykeepingitscarefully（build）

systemofringroads.

7.（2023天津3月卷）Thehero'stouchingstory（post）onlinehasdrawnthousandsof"likes"and

hundredsofcommentsfromthepublic.

8.（2023浙江1月卷）IntheMingDynasty,ihecenterwas（heForbiddenCity,（surround）inconcentric

（同心的）circlesby（heInnerCityandOuterCity.

9.（2022全国甲卷）InspiredbytheBeitandRoadForumforInternationalCooperation（hold）in

Beijing.Caodecidedtocovertheroutebyhikingasatribute（致敬）lotheancientSilkRoad.

10.（2021浙江卷1月）In1985,urbanmenandwomeninmorethanthreequartersofthecountries（study）

hadhigherBMIsthanmenandwomeninruralareas.

11.（20211匕京卷）Therehavebeenadramaticriseinthenumberofextremeweathereventsover（hepast20years,

（cause）largelybyrisingglobaltemperatures,accordingtoanewreportfromtheUnitedNations.

12.（2020北京卷）Apieceofstone（find）onaDutchbeachsuggeststhatourextincthumanrelatives,

knownasNeanderthals,wereclevererthanpreviouslythought.

13.（2019北京卷）EarthDay,（mark）on22April,isanannualeventaimingtoraisepublicawareness

aboutenvironmentalprotection.

考点二：考查过去分词短语作宾语补足语（与宾语之间构成被动关系）

14.（2025全国二卷）Ifyou'veneverexperiencedthe“sunshinescent''fromasheetorshirt（leave）to

sunfbraday,well,you'remissingoutononeoflife'swonders.

15.（2022北京卷）WhenNickrunsahead,Ihearhimbarkingexcitedly.Isometimescallhimback,worriedthathe

mighthavesomeone（scare）.

16.（2025天津3月卷）TheschoolhasdecidedtobuildanAIlabandtheteacherswouldliketoseethe

constructionproject（carry）outinthenextschoolyear.

17.（2021新课标I卷）Butthat'shownatureis—alwaysleavingus（astonish）.

18.（2020全国II卷）Theymakegreatgiftsandyouseethemmanytimes（decorate）withred

envelopesandmessagesofgoodfonune.

考点三：考查过去分词短语作表语（多表示“感到……”）

19.（2024新课标I卷）Thesesepalsopenonwarmdaystogivetheinsideplantssunshineandfreshair.Incold

weather,thestructurestays（close）toprotecttheplants.

20.（2021全国II卷）Iwasso（excite）whenhewrotehacktome.

21.（2018全国III卷〉Iquicklylowermyself,duckingmyheadtoavoidlookingdirectlyintohiseyessohedoesn't

feel（challenge）.

考点四：考查过去分词短语作状语（多表示与句子主语之间被动关系）

22.（2023天津3月卷）（try）severaladjustmentstothedesignfortwomonths,theengineereventually

succeededinbuildingahighlyefficientsystem.

23（2018-北京）Ordinarysoap,ifcorrectly,candealw：（hbacteriaeffectively.

考点五：考查过去分词短语作插入语

24.（2020浙江卷1月）Thefirstisdecliningbirthrates,whichmeansoldgenerationsarelarge

（compare）toyoungergenerations,andso,onaverage,thepopulation

名校模拟分类精炼（过去分词）

1.（25-26高三•全国•二轮复习）AnexhibitedbronzetabletinChengduMuseum（carve）with40

characters,whichwasmadein221BCwhenheunitedChina,documentedQinShiHuang'slawtostandardizethe

nation'sweightsandmeasures.

2.（2026高三下•湖南长沙•专题练习）Richardsonsaidthatwhenhetestedpolicyandurbanenvironmental

changesinthemodeLhewassurprisedatthescaleofthechanges（require）torestorethe

connectiontonature.

3.（25-26高三•北京•三轮复习）Theydemandedahighlyaestheticspace,（decorate）withfine

stationery,sothattheycouldbeisolatedfromdisturbingaffairs.

4.（25-26高三•北京♦三轮复习）Thisthrillingexperiencecanbeyoursthroughbodyboarding,sometimes

（call）boogieboarding,whichusesashort,softboardtocatchthewaves.

5.（2026高三上•北京•专题练习）Theyexploredthethousand-ycar-oldrelics（preserve）fromtheThree

Kiugduiiisballlcficld.

6.（2026高三上•全国•专题练习）ThejourneybeganwithmachinesliketheElectronicNumericalIntegratorand

Computer（ENIAC）,（build）in1945.

7.（25-26高三•全国•一轮复习）Thecouplehasahighsuccessrateingetting（accept）ashousesitters

andtheyalwaysgobeyondthehomeowner'sexpectations.

8.（25-26高三上•全国•寒假作业）WhiteCaneSafetyDayisanobservancecelebratedonOctober14ofeachyear

since1964.ItisadayoftheWhiteCane,atoolthatallowsthevisuallyimpaired（障碍）peopletotravel

independentlyandget（identify）easily.

9.（25-26高三•北京•二轮复习）Quicksandfoundonbeachesorriverbanksisahiddendangerthattrapsdozensof

peopleeachyear.Ifyoufindyourself（stick）init,avoidallowingotherstohelp,asthiscouldcause

themtogettrappedaswell.

10.（25-26高三•全国•二轮复习）Ashumans,wetendtobeeasilyinfluencedwhenitconicstolikingordisliking

something,andwe'rehappytohaveourexistingopinions(confirm).

11.(25-26高三•全国•二轮复习)Onlybydeepeningintegrationandupholdingnationalinterestscanwegetthe

greatnationalreunificationweseek(secure).

12.(25-26高三下•全国•课后作业)Thevillagerswatchedtheoldbridge(restore)toitsoriginal

appearanceaftermonthsofconstruction.

13.(25-26高三上•江苏无锡•期中)EvenwithmylittlebrotherwatchingTVnexttome,Itriedmybesttokeepmy

auemion(conceniraie)on(heonlineclass.

14.(25-26高三上•山东青岛•月考)Heputuphisschedulefortheholidayonthewailinhisbedroomtokeep

himself(remind)ofhishomework.

15.(25-26高三上•全国•课后作业)Hedidn'tnoticetheteacherstandingbyhisside,withallhisattention

(concentrate)onabook.

16.(25-26高三下•全国•课后作业)You'llhaveanaccidentwiththatoldcarsoonerorlaterifyoudon'thaveit

(repair).

17.(2026高三上•北京•专题练习)Theyconcludethatpeoplechoosetoworkout,(drive)bythe

immediaterewardsoffeelinggoodandhavingfunwithfriends.

18.(25-26高三下•全国•课后作业)(see)asareferencereflectingthelifeandsociallandscapeofthe

Uygurethnicgroup,MuqamalsoshowsdeepculturalconnectionsbetweenXinjiangandChina'scentralplains.

19.(25-26高三•全国•二轮更习)(position)near(heGrandVia,avitalEuropeantraderoute,thehouse

playedhosttomerchantsbringingexoticgoodsandknowledgefromtheFarEast.

20.(25-26高三下•重庆•开学考试)When(absorb)inpainting,theartistwouldforgetallthe

painshesufferedinhislife.

21.(25-26高三•全国•二轮复习)China*sfoodmarketisbeingreshapedbytheriseof"pre-prepareddishcs^^.Once

(regard)asaniche(小众的)convenience,theynowrangefromsemi-finishedstir-friestofully

cookedmealsthatonlyneedreheating.

22.(25-26高三•全国•假期作业)Anyone,once(test)positivefornovelcorona-virus,willreceiv