人教版英语七年级上册单元知识点笔记及重点短语、单词

人教版英语七年级上册单元知识点笔记及重点短语、单词亲爱的同学们，七年级上册的英语学习是我们打下坚实英语基础的关键时期。这份笔记旨在帮助大家系统梳理各单元的核心知识点、重点短语和单词，希望能成为你们学习路上的得力助手。请结合课本和课堂学习，灵活运用这份资料，注重理解和应用，而非死记硬背。第一单元：Myname'sGina.单元主题：问候与介绍(GreetingsandIntroductions)核心知识点梳理1.be动词的用法：*本单元核心语法点为be动词的用法。be动词有三种基本形式：am,is,are。*I用am,you用are,is连着he,she,it。(Iam.../Youare.../He/She/Itis...)*例句：IamTom.(我是汤姆。)Youareastudent.(你是一名学生。)Heismyfriend.(他是我的朋友。)*否定形式：在be动词后加not。(amnot,isn't=isnot,aren't=arenot)*疑问形式：将be动词提到句首。(AmI...?/Areyou...?/Ishe/she/it...?)*回答：肯定用Yes,主语+be.否定用No,主语+be+not.2.特殊疑问句：What'syourname?*这是询问对方姓名的常用句型。回答用Myname's...或I'm...*类似的还有What'shis/hername?回答用His/Hername's...3.形容词性物主代词：my(我的),your(你的，你们的),his(他的),her(她的),its(它的)。*用法：置于名词前，作定语，修饰名词，表示所属关系。*例句：Thisismybook.HernameisMary.重点短语集锦*goodmorning/afternoon/evening早上/下午/晚上好*goodnight晚安*name's=nameis名字是*I'm=Iam我是*nicetomeetyou见到你很高兴*tooto也*what's=whatis是什么*telephonenumber电话号码*lastname/familyname姓*firstname/givenname名*middleschool中学重点单词拓展*name(n.)名字→What'syourname?*nice(adj.)令人愉快的；好的→Nicetomeetyou.*meet(v.)遇见；相逢→Gladtomeetyou.*too(adv.)也；又；太→Ilikeapples,too.*your(pron.)你的；你们的→Isthisyourpen?*his(pron.)他的→Hisfatherisateacher.*her(pron.)她的→Hermotherisadoctor.*yes(interj.)是；好→Yes,itis.*no(interj.)不；没有→No,itisn't.*not(adv.)不；没有→Iamnotastudent.*and(conj.)和；又；而→Ilikeredandblue.---第二单元：Thisismysister.单元主题：介绍家庭成员(IntroducingFamilyMembers)核心知识点梳理1.指示代词：this,that,these,those*this(这；这个)指近处单数的人或物。→Thisisabook.*that(那；那个)指远处单数的人或物。→Thatisapen.*these(这些)是this的复数形式，指近处复数的人或物。→Thesearebooks.*those(那些)是that的复数形式，指远处复数的人或物。→Thosearepens.*疑问句：Isthis/that...?Arethese/those...?*回答：Yes,itis./No,itisn't.Yes,theyare./No,theyaren't.(注意回答时的人称代词替换)2.名词的复数形式：*规则变化：*一般在词尾加-s。如：book→books,pen→pens。*以s,x,ch,sh结尾的词加-es。如：bus→buses,box→boxes。*以辅音字母加y结尾的词，变y为i再加-es。如：family→families,baby→babies。*不规则变化：如：man→men,woman→women,child→children,foot→feet,tooth→teeth(本单元暂不涉及过多，后续会学到)。3.句型"This/Thatis..."与"These/Thoseare..."*用于介绍某人或某物。当介绍离说话人较近的人或物时用this/these；较远时用that/those。*介绍某人时，可在名词前加形容词性物主代词。如：Thisismyfather.Thesearemybrothers.4.Who引导的特殊疑问句：Who'she/she?*用于询问某人是谁。回答用He's/She's...(Heis/Sheis...)*复数形式：Whoarethey?Theyare...重点短语集锦*inthefirstphoto在第一张照片里*inthenextpicture在下一张照片里*myfamily我的家庭*thanksfor...为...而感谢*aphotoof...一张...的照片*familytree家谱*hereyouare给你*excuseme打扰一下*haveagoodday过得愉快重点单词拓展*sister(n.)姐；妹→Sheismysister.*brother(n.)兄；弟→Heismybrother.*father(n.)父亲；爸爸→Myfatheristall.(口语中常用dad)*mother(n.)母亲；妈妈→Hermotheriskind.(口语中常用mom/mummy)*parent(n.)父(母)亲→Myparentsareteachers.(复数parents指父母双方)*grandfather(n.)(外)祖父→Hisgrandfatherisold.(口语中常用grandpa)*grandmother(n.)(外)祖母→Hergrandmotherlikescooking.(口语中常用grandma)*grandparent(n.)祖父(母)；外祖父(母)→Mygrandparentsliveinthecountryside.*family(n.)家；家庭→Thisismyfamily.(集合名词，强调整体时谓语用单数，强调成员时用复数)*those(pron.)那些→Thoseareapples.*these(pron.)这些→Thesearebananas.*they(pron.)他(她、它)们→Theyarestudents.*well(interj.)嗯；好吧→Well,let'sgo.*have(v.)有→Ihaveanewbike.(has是其第三人称单数形式)*day(n.)一天；一日；白天→Whataniceday!---第三单元：Isthisyourpencil?单元主题：确认物品所属(IdentifyingOwnership)核心知识点梳理1.一般疑问句：Isthis/thatyour...?Arethese/thoseyour...?*用于确认某物是否属于某人。*肯定回答：Yes,itis./Yes,theyare.*否定回答：No,itisn't./No,theyaren't.It'shis/hers./Theyarehis/hers.*注意：回答时要用it代替this/that，用they代替these/those。2.名词性物主代词：mine,yours,his,hers,its,ours,yours,theirs*用法：相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”，后面不接名词，可单独作主语、宾语或表语。*例句：Thisbookismine.(mine=mybook)Isthispenyours?(yours=yourpen)Theredoneishis.(his=hispen)3.祈使句：*表示请求、命令、建议等。通常以动词原形开头，省略主语you。*肯定形式：Openthedoor,please.*否定形式：Don'topenthedoor.(在动词原形前加Don't)4.Thankyoufor.../Thanksfor...*用于感谢某人做了某事或因某事而感谢。for是介词，后接名词、代词或动名词(v.-ing)。*例句：Thankyouforyourhelp.Thanksforinvitingme.重点短语集锦*pencilbox铅笔盒*excuseme打扰了；请原谅*whatabout...?...怎么样？(用于提出建议或询问信息)*thankyoufor...为...而感谢你*inEnglish用英语*lostandfound失物招领*asetof...一套；一副；一组*callsb.at...拨打电话...找某人*ask...for...请求；恳求(给予)重点单词拓展*pencil(n.)铅笔→Isthisyourpencil?*book(n.)书→ThisismyEnglishbook.*eraser(n.)橡皮→Whereismyeraser?*box(n.)箱；盒→pencilbox*schoolbag(n.)书包→Myschoolbagisblue.*dictionary(n.)词典；字典→Lookitupinthedictionary.(复数dictionaries)*teacher(n.)老师→MyEnglishteacherisMissLi.*help(v.&n.)帮助；援助→Canyouhelpme?Thankyouforyourhelp.*find(v.)找到；发现→Ican'tfindmykeys.(过去式found)*lost(adj.)丢失的；迷路的→Ilostmywatch.(v.lose的过去式)*must(modalv.)必须；应当→Youmuststudyhard.(后接动词原形)*call(v.)打电话→Pleasecallmeback.*ask(v.)询问；要求→Asktheteacherforhelp.---第四单元：Where'smyschoolbag?单元主题：谈论物品位置(TalkingAboutLocations)核心知识点梳理1.Where引导的特殊疑问句：Where's...?/Whereare...?*用于询问人或物品在哪里。*Where's+单数名词/不可数名词/this/that...?→It's+表示地点的介词短语.*Whereare+复数名词/these/those...?→They're+表示地点的介词短语.(They're=Theyare)2.表示方位的介词：in,on,under,at,behind,nextto,between,infrontof等*in(在...里)→Thebookisinthedesk.*on(在...上)→Thepenisonthetable.*at(在...地点/时刻)→atschool,athome,atsixo'clock.*behind(在...后面)→Theballisbehindthedoor.*nextto(紧挨着)→Myhouseisnexttothepark.*介词短语作表语时，通常放在be动词之后。3.名词所有格：*表示所属关系。单数名词后加's。*例句：Tom'sbook(汤姆的书)mymother'sbag(我妈妈的包)*以s结尾的复数名词，只加'。如：thestudents'classroom(学生们的教室)4.Yes/No疑问句及回答：*Isthebookonthedesk?Yes,itis./No,itisn't.*Arethekeysinyourbag?Yes,theyare./No,theyaren't.重点短语集锦*onthesofa在沙发上*intheschoolbag在书包里*underthetable在桌子下面*Ithink我认为*tapeplayer录音机*modelplane飞机模型*inthebookcase在书柜里*betidy整洁的*everywhere到处；处处重点单词拓展*where(adv.)在哪里；到哪里→Whereismypen?*table(n.)桌子→Theappleisonthetable.*bed(n.)床→Isleepinmybed.*sofa(n.)沙发→Wesitonthesofa.*desk(n.)书桌→Mybooksareonthedesk.*room(n.)房间→Thisismybedroom.*their(pron.)他(她、它)们的→Theirclassroomisbig.(形容词性物主代词)*hat(n.)帽子→Shehasaredhat.*head(n.)头→Hehasabighead.*know(v.)知道；了解→Iknowhisname.*think(v.)认为；想；思考→Ithinkheisright.*on(prep.)在...上→Theclockisonthewall.*in(prep.)在...里→Thefishisinthewater.*under(prep.)在...下→Thedogisunderthetree.---第五单元：Doyouhaveasoccerball?单元主题：谈论拥有(TalkingAboutPossessions)核心知识点梳理1.实义动词have的一般现在时：*表示“拥有”、“具有”。*肯定句：*I/You/We/They+have+宾语.→Ihaveabasketball.*He/She/It+has+宾语.(第三人称单数作主语时，have变为has)→Hehasafootball.*否定句：*I/You/We/They+donot(don't)+have+宾语.→Idon'thaveapen.*He/She/