高中常见不规则动词的过去式及过去分词背诵版

高中常见不规则动词的过去式及过去分词背诵版在英语学习的道路上，不规则动词的过去式和过去分词无疑是一块必须攻克的堡垒。它们不像规则动词那样有章可循，往往需要我们投入更多的精力去记忆和辨析。对于高中生而言，熟练掌握这些不规则变化，不仅是应对考试的基础，更是提升语言运用能力的关键。本文将梳理高中阶段常见的不规则动词，并按其变化特点进行归纳，希望能为同学们的背诵提供一份清晰而实用的指南。一、原形、过去式、过去分词三者同形这类动词的过去式和过去分词与原形完全一致，是不规则动词中相对简单的一类。*cost(花费)-cost-cost*例：Thebookcostmetenyuan.(这本书花了我十元。)*cut(切，割)-cut-cut*例：Hecuthisfingeryesterday.(他昨天割破了手指。)*hit(打，击)-hit-hit*例：Theballhitthewindow.(球击中了窗户。)*hurt(伤害)-hurt-hurt*例：Shehurtherlegintheaccident.(她在事故中伤了腿。)*let(让)-let-let*例：Mymotherletmegoouttoplay.(妈妈让我出去玩。)*put(放)-put-put*例：Heputthebookonthedesk.(他把书放在桌上。)*read(读)-read-read(注意：此处发音有变化/riːd/-/red/-/red/)*例：Ireadanovellastnight.(我昨晚读了一本小说。)*set(放置，设定)-set-set*例：Shesetthealarmforsixo'clock.(她把闹钟设在六点。)*shut(关闭)-shut-shut*例：Heshutthedoorloudly.(他大声地关上门。)二、过去式与过去分词同形，与原形不同这类动词的过去式和过去分词相同，但都区别于原形，数量相对较多，需要重点记忆。*bring(带来)-brought-brought*例：Shebroughtmeapresent.(她给我带来了一份礼物。)*build(建造)-built-built*例：Theybuiltanewhouselastyear.(他们去年建了一座新房子。)*buy(买)-bought-bought*例：Iboughtanewpenyesterday.(我昨天买了一支新钢笔。)*catch(抓住，赶上)-caught-caught*例：Hecaughttheearlybus.(他赶上了早班车。)*dig(挖)-dug-dug*例：Thedogdugaholeinthegarden.(狗在花园里挖了个洞。)*feed(喂养)-fed-fed*例：Wefedthebirdseverymorning.(我们每天早上喂鸟。)*feel(感觉)-felt-felt*例：Ifeltcoldlastnight.(我昨晚觉得冷。)*fight(打架，战斗)-fought-fought*例：Theyfoughtfortheircountry.(他们为国家而战。)*find(找到)-found-found*例：Ifoundmylostkey.(我找到了我丢失的钥匙。)*get(得到，变得)-got-got(美式也用gotten)*例：Hegotagoodgradeintheexam.(他考试得了个好成绩。)*hang(悬挂)-hung-hung(注意：hang表示“绞死”时，过去式和过去分词为hanged-hanged)*例：Shehungthepictureonthewall.(她把画挂在墙上。)*have/has(有)-had-had*例：Ihadagoodtimeyesterday.(我昨天玩得很开心。)*hear(听见)-heard-heard*例：Iheardastrangenoise.(我听到一个奇怪的声音。)*hold(握住，举行)-held-held*例：Heheldmyhandtightly.(他紧紧握住我的手。)*keep(保持，保存)-kept-kept*例：Youshouldkeeptheroomclean.(你应该保持房间干净。)*lead(领导，带领)-led-led*例：Heledustothepark.(他带领我们去公园。)*learn(学习)-learned/learnt-learned/learnt*例：Shelearned/learntEnglishbyherself.(她自学英语。)*leave(离开)-left-left*例：Helefthomeearlythismorning.(他今天早上很早就离开了家。)*lend(借出)-lent-lent*例：Ilentmybiketohim.(我把自行车借给他了。)*lose(丢失)-lost-lost*例：Ilostmywalletonthebus.(我在公交车上丢了钱包。)*make(制作，使)-made-made*例：Shemadeacakeforherbirthday.(她为她的生日做了一个蛋糕。)*mean(意思是)-meant-meant*例：Whatdoesthiswordmean?(这个词是什么意思？)*meet(遇见)-met-met*例：Imetanoldfriendinthestreet.(我在街上遇见了一位老朋友。)*sell(卖)-sold-sold*例：Theysoldtheirhouselastmonth.(他们上个月卖掉了房子。)*send(发送)-sent-sent*shine(照耀，擦亮)-shone/shined-shone/shined*例：Thesunshonebrightly.(阳光灿烂。)/Heshinedhisshoes.(他擦亮了他的鞋子。)*shoot(射击)-shot-shot*例：Thehuntershotadeer.(猎人射了一只鹿。)*sit(坐)-sat-sat*sleep(睡觉)-slept-slept*例：Isleptwelllastnight.(我昨晚睡得很好。)*smell(闻起来，闻)-smelt/smelled-smelt/smelled*例：Theflowerssmeltsweet.(这些花闻起来很香。)*spend(花费)-spent-spent*例：Shespentalotofmoneyonclothes.(她在衣服上花了很多钱。)*stand(站)-stood-stood*例：Hestoodupwhentheteachercamein.(老师进来时他站了起来。)*teach(教)-taught-taught*例：Myfathertaughtmetorideabike.(我爸爸教我骑自行车。)*tell(告诉)-told-told*例：Pleasetellmethetruth.(请告诉我真相。)*think(想，认为)-thought-thought*例：Ithoughtyouwereright.(我认为你是对的。)*win(赢)-won-won*例：Theywonthegame.(他们赢得了比赛。)*write(写)-wrote-written*例：Shewrotealettertoherparents.(她给父母写了一封信。)三、原形、过去式、过去分词三者各不相同这类动词的变化最为复杂，需要逐个记忆，也是考试中常见的考点。*begin(开始)-began-begun*例：Themeetingbeganatnine.(会议九点开始。)*break(打破)-broke-broken*例：Hebrokethewindow.(他打破了窗户。)*choose(选择)-chose-chosen*例：Shechoseareddress.(她选了一条红色的裙子。)*do(做)-did-done*例：Ididmyhomeworkyesterday.(我昨天做了作业。)*draw(画)-drew-drawn*例：Hedrewapictureforme.(他为我画了一幅画。)*drink(喝)-drank-drunk*例：Idrankaglassofwater.(我喝了一杯水。)*drive(驾驶)-drove-driven*例：HedrovetoBeijinglastweek.(他上周开车去了北京。)*eat(吃)-ate-eaten*例：Iateanapplethismorning.(我今天早上吃了一个苹果。)*fall(落下)-fell-fallen*例：Theleavesfellfromthetree.(树叶从树上落下来。)*fly(飞)-flew-flown*例：Thebirdflewaway.(鸟飞走了。)*forget(忘记)-forgot-forgotten*例：Iforgottobringmybook.(我忘记带书了。)*freeze(结冰)-froze-frozen*例：Thelakefrozeinwinter.(冬天湖面结冰了。)*give(给)-gave-given*例：Shegavemeapresent.(她给了我一份礼物。)*go(去)-went-gone*例：Iwenttoschoolyesterday.(我昨天去学校了。)*grow(生长，种植)-grew-grown*例：Theplantsgrewquickly.(这些植物长得很快。)*know(知道)-knew-known*例：Iknewtheanswer.(我知道答案。)*例：Helayonthebed.(他躺在床上。)(注意：lie表示“说谎”时，过去式和过去分词为lied-lied)*ride(骑)-rode-ridden*例：Irodeabiketoschool.(我骑自行车去学校。)*ring(响铃)-rang-rung*例：Thebellrang.(铃响了。)*rise(升起)-rose-risen*例：Thesunroseintheeast.(太阳从东方升起。)*run(跑)-ran-run*例：Heranfast.(他跑得很快。)*see(看见)-saw-seen*例：Isawamovielastnight.(我昨晚看了一场电影。)*show(展示)-showed-shown/showed*例：Heshowedmehisnewtoy.(他给我看了他的新玩具。)*sing(唱)-sang-sung*例：Shesangabeautifulsong.(她唱了一首动听的歌。)*speak(说)-spoke-spoken*例：HespokeEnglishwell.(他英语说得很好。)*swim(游泳)-swam-swum*例：Iswamintheriveryesterday.(我昨天在河里游泳了。)*take(拿，带走)-took-taken*例：Hetookmybookbymistake.(他错拿了我的书。)*throw(扔)-threw-thrown*例：Hethrewtheballtome.(他把球扔给我。)*wear(穿)-wore-worn*例：Sheworearedcoatyesterday.(她昨天穿了一件红色的外套。)四、特殊变化及注意事项除了上述主要类别，还有一些动词的变化形式较为特殊，或在使用中需特别留意：*be(是)-was/were-been*例：Iwashappy.(我很高兴。)/Theywerelate.(他们迟到了。)*beat(打败)-beat-beaten*例：Webeattheminthegame.(我们在比赛中打败了他们。)*blow(吹)-blew-blown*例：Thewindblewstron