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考研英语(一)模拟试卷159

一、完型填空(本题共20题,每题1.0分,共20分。)

Weallknowwhetherweareleft-handedorright-handed;hardlyanyofusknowwhether

weareleft-faced.YetaccordingtoProfessorKarlSmithoftheUniversityofWisconsin

wcarcallalmost[Bl]oneortheother.Right-facedpeoplearcmore[B2]

thanleft-facedpeople,andthereisastriking[B3]betweenleft-

facednessandmusicaltalent.Beethovenwasleft-faced.[B4]wereBrahms,

Schubert,Wagner,Tchaikovskyandthe[B5]ofotherwell-knownliving

performersofallkindsofmusic.Theideaoffacedness[B6]frommanyyears

ofcomputerizedstudyofpeople'slip,tongueandjawmovement[B7]theywere

talking.Smithandhiscolleaguesfoundthatinmostpeopleonesideofthefacewasmore

[B8]thantheother.Therearcother[B9]offaccdncss,someofwhich

canbe[BIO]instaticpictures;inright-facedpeopletheright-sideofthefaceis

[BlI]compressedbetweenjawandbrow;therighteyebrowtendstobehigher;

dimplesandwrinklesareless[B12]thanontheleft.Fromastudyofmorethan

500peopleSmithfoundthat(he[B13]ofright-facedpeople[B14]

aboutnineintenamongAmericanstotwointhreeamongAcapulcoMexicans.

Thefactthat[B15]twinswerealwaysbothright-facedorleft-facedsuggestsa

[B16]originforfacedness.Thosetalentedmusicalartists—"singersand

instrumentalistswhoperformclassical,operatic,countryandjazzmusicarcalmost

withoutexceptionleft-faced.'Smith'sfindings[B17]withtheoriesthattheright

hemisphereofthebrain(whichcontrolstheleftsideoftheface)is[B18]for

musicalperformance,thelefthemispherefor[B19].Theideaoffacedness,he

says,"suggestsnew[B20]tothestudyofallaspectsofcerebraldominanceand

itsrelationtohandednessandspeechdisabilities".

1、[Bl]

A、hardly

B、certainly

C、accordingly

D、possibly

标准答案:B

知识点解析:语义逻辑题。考查词义辨析。前文说到,很少有人知道自己是否惯用

左脸表情。但紧接着作者又指出,美国威斯康星大学的史密斯教授说,我们每个人

儿乎要么惯用左脸表情,要么惯用右脸表情。根据。neor【he6her可推知作者的肯

定态度,因此答案为B项。A项“几乎不”与文意相反,C项”相应地此D项“可能

地“,不合文意。

2、[B2]

A^indispensable

B、preferable

C、common

D、desirable

标准答案:C

知识点解析:语义逻辑题,考查词义辨析。惯用右脸表情的人,较之惯用左脸表情

的人,并不是更加“必不可少”(A项),“较为可取”(B项),也不是“值得向往”(D

项)。因此只有C项“更为普遍”与文意最为贴切。

3、[B3]

A、association

B、similarity

C、agreement

D、comparison

标准答案:A

知识2解析:语义逻辑题,考查词义辨析。“惯用左脸表情的人.和音乐天分有显

著的……”,根据后面的举例,可以看出二者间存在联系,因此正确答案为A项。

B项“相似”,C项“同意;协议”,D项“比较”,均与文意不符。

4,[B4]

A、So

B、Also

C、But

D、And

标准答案:A

知识点解析:语义逻辑题,考查词义辨析。文章指出,惯用左脸表情的人和音乐天

才有显著的联系,并列举贝多芬惯用左脸表情,本句空格后又列举了很多音乐家,

可见后面这些人跟贝多芬一样,“也”惯用左脸表情。所以本题选择A项,此处S。

表示前文所讲的内容同样适用于其他人,其余几项没有这种用法。

5、[B5]

A、majority

B、influence

C^names

D、celebrities

标准答案:A

知识点解析:语义逻辑题,考查词义辨析。前文列举了几个著名音乐家.后面提到

了其他健在的各类著名音乐家.很显然,作者是想说明这些人都惯用左脸表情,因

此选择A项“大部分”。B项“影响”,C项“名字”不符合句意,D项“名人”与well-

known重复,也口「排除。

6、[B6]

A^emerged

B、aroused

C、dated

D、rose

标准答案:A

知识点解析:语义逻辑题,考查词义辨析。根据句意:”脸部表情的这一理论……

通过计算机对嘴唇、舌头及下颗动作等的研究“,显然,这种理论是经过多年研究

才“产生”的,因此答案为A项。B项“激起”为及物动词.后面须接宾语。C项与

from构成短语datefrom"追溯...年代,自...存在至今”,不符合题意,D项“上

升;发生;增加“,不合题意。

7、[B7]

A、as

B、before

C、while

D^since

标准答案:C

知识点解析:考查关联词。要研究嘴唇、舌头以及上下额的运动.就必须在人们讲

话的时候,因此答案为C项。

8、[B8]

A、attractive

active

C、graceful

D、particular

标准答案:B

知识点解析:语义逻辑题.考杳词义辨析。根据上下文,人们惯用某•边脸部表

情,可推知其中一边脸表情肯定比另一边“活跃”,因此选B。而不可能是一边脸表

情比另一边更“有吸引力的%A项)、“优雅的”(C项)、“特别的”(D项)。

9、[B9]

A、aspects

B、shapes

C、ideas

D、signs

标准答案:D

知识点解析:语义逻辑题,考查词义辨析。根据下文的“右眉毛往往较高”可知,本

句后面句子讲的是惯用右边脸部表情的人的脸部特征,因此选择D项“标志”。A项

“方面”,B项“形状”,C项“观点”,与下文没有关系,故不选。

10、[B10]

A^tested

B、recognized

C、interpreted

limited

标准答案:B

知识点解析:语义逻辑题,考查词义辨析。通过照片我们能辨认出一些东西来,所

以选择B项“看出;认出:A项“测试”,C项“解释;理解”,D项“限制”,都不符

合文意。

11、[B11]

A、more

Bxless

C、little

D^much

标准答案:B

知识点解析:语义逻辑题。考查词义辨析。根据下文的“右眉毛往往较高”,可推知

右脸的款与眉毛之间压得不那么紧,因此选B项。注意此处应选用含比较形式的

选项。

12、[B12]

A、marked

B、remarkable

C、plain

D^unusual

标准答案:A

知识点解析:语义逻辑题。考查词义辨析。根据文意,右脸的颗与眉毛之间压得不

那么紧,右眉毛往往较高,可推知右脸的酒窝和皱纹也就不那么“明显”,因此答案

为A项。B项“引人注目的",强调卓越、显著;C项“平淡的”,D项“不同寻常

的'',均与文意不符,排除。

13、[B13]

A、number

B、amount

C、proportion

D^total

标准答案:C

知识点解析:语义逻辑题,考查词义辨析。由后面的nineimen和Iwointhree,可

知这里说的是比例问题,故选C。

14、[B14]

A、turnedout

B、consistedof

C、addedupto

D^rangedfrom

标准答案:D

知识点解析:固定搭配题。下文的数字表示一个变化的范围,选项Drange

from”在...范围内变化”,符合句意。turnout”结果是;关上;赶走",consist

o俨由……组成”,addupto“总计”。

15、[B15]

A、variable

B、similar

C、identical

D、inheritable

标准答案:C

知识点解析:固定搭配题。”……的双胞胎要么都是惯用右脸表情。要么都是惯用

左脸表情只有同卵双胞胎才会有相同的遗传特点,故此题选C项,identical

(wins意为“同卵双胞胎其余几项均与twins不搭配。

16、[B16]

A^environmental

B、genetic

C、biological

inherent

标准答案:B

知识点解析:语义逻辑题,考查词义辨析。双胞胎要么都是惯用右脸表情,要么都

是惯用左脸表情,其中有遗传的因素在里面,因此选择B项。A项“环境的”与文意

相反,C项“生物学上的“没有B项贴切。D项“固有的,内在的”不符句意。

17、[B17]

A、fitout

B、fillup

C、putup

D、fitin

标准答案:D

知识点解析:固定搭配题。根据上下文可知,史密斯的研究结果和大脑理论是相吻

合的,fitinwith意为“与……一致”,D项为正确选项。A项“布置,配备”,B项

“充满”,C项与with搭配,意为“忍受”,不符合句意。

18、[B18]

A、separated

B、revealed

C、specialized

D、tamed

标准答案:C

知识点解析:语义逻辑题.考查词义辨析。“史密斯的研究结果和大脑理论是相吻

合的——右脑(它控制着左脸)是……音乐表演的“,右脑专管音乐表演,因此正确

选项为CoA项“分开”,B项“揭示”,D项“驯服”,不符合题意。

19、[B19]

A、sensitivity

B、language

C、symmetry

D、knowledge

标准答案;B

知识点解析:语义逻辑题,考查词义辨析。右脑专管音乐,那么左脑是管什么的

呢?根据下一句speechdisabHities可推断,这肯定与语言有关,因此答案为B项。

A项“敏感性”,C项“对称”,D项“知识”,文中均未提及,可排除。

20、[B20]

A、approaches

B、trends

C、features

D、methods

标准答案:A

知识上解析:语义逻辑题。考查词义辨析。结合后面的“对研究大脑支配作用及言

语缺陷等问题的研究“,可推知,左右脸惯用表情的概念为研究这些问题提供了新

的视角、方法等,A“方法”为正确答案。干扰项melhods后接介词of,故可排除。

二、阅读(常规阅读理解)(本题共2。题,每题7.0

分,共20分。)

ThisisanapproachtoqualityimprovementbasedonthestatisticalworkofJosephJuran,

oneoftwoAmericanpioneersofqualitymanagementinJapan.SigmaisaGreekletter

usedinmathematicstodenotestandarddeviation,astatisticalmeasureoftheextentto

whichaseriesofnumbersorreadingsdeviatesfromitsmean.OneSigmaindicatesa

widescatteringofthereadings.Ifthemeanistherequiredqualitystandardofaparticular

processorproduct,thenOneSigmaqualityisnotverygood.Thehigherthenumber,the

closerthereadingscometototalperfection.A(theSixSigmalevel,(hereareonly3.4

defectspermillion.Thismaysoundcomplicated,butinpracticeithasprovedapopular

wayformanagerstoputqualitymanagementintoeffect.Oneofitsgreatadvantagesis

thatitavoidstheideaofaimingfor"zerodefects",ortotalperfection—afrighteningly

inaccessiblegoalformost.Itpresentsasystemforimprovingqualitygradually.

Companiesoroperationalgroupsmovestep-by-stepuptheSigmaladder,theultimate

goalbeingtoreachtheSixSigmastate—stilljustshortofperfection.Reasonably

unsophisticatedcomputerprogramsdothenecessarycalculationswhenfedwithdataon

(hegoals(thespecificationsoftheperfectproductorprocess)and(heorganization'sactual

achievements.SixSigmasoundslikesomesortofsecretcoven.Itsadvocatesinsistthatit

isnosuchthing.Butithascertainattributesoftheexclusivesociety.Anyoneinan

organizationwhogoesonabasictrainingcourseforaSixSigmaprogramiscalleda

GreenBelt.Anyonewhoisgiventhefull-timejobofleadingateamthatisembarkingon

aSixSigmaexerciseisgivenfurthertrainingandiscalledaBlackBelt.Beyondthis

(hereareaspecialfewwhoaretrainedevenmore,andtheyarecalledMasterBlack

Bells.Theirroleistochampiontheexercisethroughouttheorganizationandtowatch

overtheBlackBellsandensurethatiheyareconsistentlyimprovingthequalityoftheir

team'soutput.PioneeredintheUnitedStatesbyMotorolain(he1980s,SixSigma

becamehugelypopularinthe1990safterJackWelchadopteeitatGeneralElectric.To

achieveSixSigmaqualityatGE,aprocessmustproducenomorethan3.4defectsper

million"opportunities".Anopportunityisdefinedas"achancefornon-conformance,or

notmeetingtherequiredspecifications".Thecompanysays:'SixSigmahaschangedthe

DNAofGE.Itisnowthewaywework—ineverythingwedoandineveryproductwe

design".

21、ItcanbeinferredfromParagraph1that

A^JosephJurancameupwithSixSigmabasedonhisstatisticalwork.

B、SixSigmaisanapproachtoimprovingqualitytototalperfection.

C、mathematiciansandstatisticalexpertsmasterSixSigmabest.

D、SixSigmaqualityisrelativelybetterthanFourSigmaquality.

标准答案:D

知识点解析:推理判断题。根据第一段倒数第二句话“西格玛的数值越高,质量就

越接近绝对完美“,可推断D项“六西格玛的质量要比四西格玛的质量相对要好”为

正确答案。六西格玛理论他提出只是基于Juran的统计成果.并非Juran提出的,

故A项错误;第二段指出六西格玛理论并不追求绝对完美,故B项曲解文意:C

项“数学家和统计学专家最擅长六西格玛”,文中对此没有提及。

22、WecanlearnfromthefirsttwoparagraphsthatSixSigma

A^ismoreamathematicalandstatisticalmeasure(hanamanagerialmethod.

B、indicatesthequalityoftheproductorprocessisclosesttctotalperfection.

C、pursuesnottotalperfectionbutagradualprocessofqualityenhancement.

D、isnotonlyameanapproachbutalsoacomplexandinaccessiblegoal.

标准答案:C

知识点解析:推理判断题。第二段提到“六西格玛不追求,零缺陷’或绝对完

美,……它追求的是质量的逐步提高“,故C项正确。A项“与其说六西格玛是管理

方法不如说是数学和统计办法“,推断错误,文中说到它是一种用于改进质量的方

法;B项中的closest推理过度,只能说closer;D项是对文中mean(均值)和

inaccessible(指的是totalperfection)的错误理解。

23、PeopleregardSixSigmaasakindofsecretcoveninthatit

A、isastrictandmysteriousorganization.

B、doesnotgrammembershiptooutsiders.

C、hassomefeaturesofasecretsociety.

D^hasarigidbutorderlytrainingsystem.

标准答案:C'

知识点解析:事实细节题。根据secretcoven定位到第三段。该段开头部分提到:

六西格玛听起来像某种“秘密集会”……它的确具备非公开团体的某些特征,故C

项正确。A项的mysteMous只是对secret的片面理解;B项完全属于主观臆造;D

项只是六西格玛运作时的特征.,并不是将它比喻为“秘密集会”的原因所在。

24、Theunderlinedword"they"inParagraph3refersto

A^theGreenBelts.

B、theBlackBeks.

C^theMasterBlackBelts.

D、theteamleaders.

标准答案:B

知识点解析:步实细节题。they所在的句子“towatchovertheBlackBeltsandensure

thatthey…”中and连接两个并列结构,故可知they指代的应也是watchover的对

象,即黑带(theBlackBells),故选B。D项中的leamleaders(组织领导者)过于宽

泛,不是所有的组织领导者都是黑带。

25、Bysaying"SixSigmahaschangedtheDNA.ofGE”,thecompanymostprobably

meansSixSigma

A、hasearnedhugepopularityforGE.

B、hasenabledGEtoimproveitsquality.

C、hastransformedtheoperationmodeofGE.

D、hasreformedthestructureandorganizationofGE.

标准答案:C

知识点解析:语义理解题。最后一-段最后的引用部分提到“六西格玛彻底改变了通

用电气。六西格玛是我们现在的工作方式,我们做的每件事情,设计的每个产品,

都是以六西格玛为准则的"。由此可以推知C项“改变了GE的运行方式”最符合题

意,operation对应work,mode对应way。A、B两项都是外在结果,与DNA的属

性不符:D项改革了GE的结构和组演形式只是外在形式的改变,不是最佳答案。

Advicetowould-beculturewarriorsinthe21stcentury:walksoftlyandcarryabig

thesaurus—adictionaryofclassifiedsynonyms.Accordingtotheconventionalwisdom,

theculturewarsarcoverinWashington—or,attheveryleast,reducedtominordisputes.

Buoyedbythesupportofcentrist,sociallyconservativeChristians,theObama

administrationhasusheredinaneweraofconciliation.Ideologicalopponents—

especiallythoseoneithersideoftheabortionissue—arenowtryingtoestablishcommon

ground.Afirstorderofbusinessis"abortionreduction,"aseeminglynon-controversial

andpraiseworthygoal.Byagreeingthatabortionisacomplexmoralissueandthatit

shouldbelessfrequent,formerenemiescanworktogethertofindwaystoreduce

abortions.Beneathalltheoptimismthough,tensionscontinuetoboil,anditcanseem

thatdifferencesbetweentheoldculturewarsandthenewonesaremerelydifferencesin

(oneandtactics,no(inideology.Inpreviouseras,warriorsfoughtwithrhetorical

arguments;nowtheyusenewsemanticweaponssosharptheycouldsplitahair.Onboth

sides,peoplesaytheywantabortionreduction.Butlistencarefullytohowtheysayit.On

theleft,theso-calledcommongroundadvocatestalkaboutreducingtheneedfor

abortion,whileontheright,folkstalkaboutreducingthenumberofabortions.Theway

youtalkaboutyourdesireforcommonground,itturnsout,signalswhosesideyou're

actuallyon.Theleftwantstoreducedemandforabortion;therightwantstoreduce

supply.InsidetheBeltway,theseseeminglyinvisiblesemanticdifferenceshavebig

policyimplications,fortheinevitablequestionarises:howdofolksintendtoreduce

abortions?TwobillscurrentlyinCongresspointlothedeep,ideologicaldifferencesthat

continuetolinger.ThePregnantWomenSupportAct,favoredmostlybypro-lifegroups,

providesfinancialsupportespeciallyforpoorandyoungermotherswhowanttocarry

theirpregnanciestoterm.ThePreventionFirstAct,favoredmostlybypro-choicegroups,

fundscontraception(thepracticeofpreventingawomanfrombecomingpregnantwhen

shehassex)andcomprehensivesexeducationespeciallytopcorandyoungerwomen.

Theconversationabout"abortionreduction"then,isnotreallyaboutabortionbutabout

otherhot-buttonissues:birthcontrol,premaritalsex,teensexandsexeducation.Outside

theBeltway,whoreallycares?AccordingtoanABCNcws/WashingtonPostpollfrom

August2008,54percentofAmericanssupportlegalabortioninallormostcases一

exactlythesamepercentageasadecadeago.It'shardtoimagineanyonearguingwiththe

basicpremise:inanidealworld,fewerAmericanwomenwouldseekabortions.Howour

governmentachieves(hatenclmatters;howactiviststalkaboutachievingitmattersnotat

all.

26、Fromthefirstparagraph,wccanlearnthat

A、abortionreductionisapproachedinadifferentway.

B、culturewarsareoverintheneweraofconciliation.

C、formerenemiescooperatetoaddressatechnicalissue.

D^abortioncontroversiesarelessfrequentthanbefore.

标准答案:A

知识点解析:推理判断题。第一段提到曾经敌对的双方正尝试建立共同点,共同找

到减少堕胎的方法,也就是说他们采取了不同以往的处理方式.故选A项。文中

说theCulturewarsarcoverinWashington,后面接着说theObamaadministrationhas

ushereciinaneweraofconciliation可见R项把两句话混为一句话了,日由后文得

知,新调解时代卜•的文化战争并未结束,故B项表述与原文不符;该段末句提到

堕胎是一个moralissue.故C项中的technicalissue”技术性问题”错误;文章中的

lessfrequent指的是堕胎率,并非对堕胎争议.此外文章没有对现在和以前在堕胎

争议的激烈程度进行对比,故D项不符。

27、Thefirstsentenceinparagraph2denotesthat

A^it'sthewayofexpressionthathasnotchangedduringculturewars.

B、thedifferencebelweentheoldculturewarsandthenewonesisambiguous.

C、boththenewculturewarsandtheoldonessharethesameessence.

D、thenewculturalwarsarebreakingthegroundsoftheoldones.

标准答案:C

知识点解析:语义理解题。第二段第一句提到新旧文化战争的区别仅仅体现在风格

和战术上,而非意识形态上,故可推断出两者在核心内涵上是一样的,故选C

项。A项“新旧文化战争的表达方式未曾改变”与文中的事实相悖,即以前是带有修

辞色彩地陈述而现在转为对措辞的考究;新旧文化战争在风格和战术上有很大差

异,B项“模糊的”,显然错误;既然文化战核心未变,D项“新文化战争打破了旧

文化战争的根基”就不正确了。故排除。

28、Thedifferenceofthetwosidesinthenewculturewarischaracterizedas

A^ideological.

B、rhetorical.

C、semantic.

D、psychological.

标准答案:C

知识点解析:事实细节题。题干问的是新文化战争中对立的双方差异体现在哪方

面。通过第二段中inpreviouseras和now这一对比较信号词。我们看到旧文化战争

双方是对观点进行争论,而现在新文化战争双方却是在措辞上大做文章,故选C

项。原文中提到新旧文化战争之间的区分并非意识形态上的不同,显然A项错

误;B项”带修辞色彩的“,这是之前旧文化战争阵营双方的做法;D项

psychological"心理上的",原文未提及。本题也可根据第三段首句选出正确答案。

29.Onwhichofthefollowingstatementswouldpro-choicegroupsmostprobably

agree?

A^Sexeducationisanessentialpartofabortionreduction.

B、Poormothersareexpectedtofollowcontraceptionpractices.

C、Youngmothersshouldprotecttheirrightsofpregnancy.

D、Premaritalsexmustbeoutlawedtocontrolbirthrate.

标准答案:A

知识点解析:观点态度题。根据pro~choice定位到第三段。从pro-choicegroups

所支持的《预防为主法案》以及主张为性教育提供经费等方面,可推断出他们认为

性教育在降低堕胎率过程中起重要作用,故选A项。文中第三段末句提到采用避

孕措施的对■象是poorandyoungerwomen,故R项中的Poormothers不准确:C项

是反堕胎组织所持的观点,这里显然张冠李戴了;D项中的婚前性行为在文中只是

作为热点话题被罗列出来.并未具体展开讨论。

30、Itcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthat

A、abortionisabouttobespecifiedasillegalinAmerica.

B、themeansofachievingthegoaloflessabortionsismoreimportant.

C、moreandmoreAmericanswillsupportlegalabortioninmostcases.

D、thewayofdiscussiondetermineswhethertheidealwillbeachievedornot.

标准答案:B

知识点解析:推理判断题。作者强调了政府如何解决问题,是关键,积极分子纸上

谈兵没有意义,故选B项,排除D项。A项中的“非法的”未提及;文中数据清晰

表明美国人支持合法堕胎fit人数在10年间几乎持平,故C项与事实不符。

Ameagerdietmaygiveyouhealthandlonglife,butit'snotmuchfun—anditmightnot

evenbenecessary.Wemaybeabletohangontomostofthatyouthfulvigorevenifwe

don'tstarttodietuntiloldage.StephenSpindlerandhiscolleaguesfromtheUniversity

ofCaliforniaatRiversidehavefoundthatsomeofanelderlymouse'slivergenescanbe

made(obehaveas(heydidwhen(hemousewasyoungsimplybylimitingitsfoodfor

fourweeks.Thegeneticrejuvenationwon'treverseotherdamagecausedbytimeforthe

mouse,butcouldhelpitslivermetabolizedrugsorgetridoftoxins.Spindler'steamfed

threemiceanormaldietfortheirwholelives,andfedanotherthreeonhalf-rations.Three

moremicewereswitchedfromtheformaldiettohalf-feedforamonthwhentheywere

34monthsold—equivalenttoabout70humanyears.Theresearcherscheckedthe

activityof11,000genesfromthemouselivers,andfoundthat46changedwithageinthe

normallyfedmice.Thechangeswereassociatedwiththingslikeinflammationandfree

radicalproduction—probablybadnewsformousehealth.Inthemicethathaddietedall

theirlives,27ofthose46genescontinued,tobehavelikeyounggenes.Butthemost

surprisingfindingwasthatthemicethatonlystarteddietinginoldagealsobenefited

from70percentofthesegenechanges."Thisisthefirstindicationthattheseeffectskick

inprettyquickly,"saysHuberWarnerfromtheNationalInstituteonAgingnear

Washington.D.C.Nooneyetknowsifcalorierestrictionworksinpeopleasitdoesin

mice,butSpindlerishopeful."There'sattractingandtemptingevidenceout(herethatit

willwork/'hesays.Ifitdoesworkinpeople,theremightbegoodreasonsfor

rejuvenatingtheliver.Aswegetolder,ourbodiesarelessefficientatmetabolizing

drugs,forexample.Abriefperiodoftimeofdieting,saysSpindler,couldbeenoughto

makesureadrugiseffective.ButSpindlerisn'tsurethetrade-offisworthit."Themice

getlessdisease,theylivelonger,butthey'rehungry,"hesays."Evenseeingwhatadiet

ddis,it'sstillhardtogotoarestaurantandsay:'Icanonlycathalfofthat'."Spindler

hopeswcsoonwon'tneedtodietatall.Hiscompany,LifeSpanGeneticsinCalifornia,is

lookingfordrugsthathavetheeffectsofcaloricrestriction.

31、Whichofthefollowingistrue,accordingtothefirstparagraph?

A^Eatinglessthanusualmightmakeuslivelonger.

B、Ifwcgoonadietwhenuld,wcmaynotkeephcallhy.

C、Dietingisnecessaryifyouwanttolivealonglife.

D、Wcmighthavetobegindietingfromanearlyage.

标准答案:A、、'

知识点解析:事实细节题。第一段第一句明确提出“减少进食可能会使你健康长

寿”,故A项正确。第一段第二句提到“即使我们直到年老才开始节食,我们也有

可能汲取年轻时的朝气蓬勃”,故可排除B、D项;C项“节食是必要的”与首句后

半部分”而且也可能根本没有必要”不符。

32、Anelderlymouseismentionedto

A、describetheinfluenceofoldageonmice.

B、illustratetheeffectofaireagerdietonmice.

C、tellushowmice'slivergenesbehave.

D^informusoftheprocessofmetabolizingdrugs.

标准答案:B

知识点解析:推理判断题。第一段第一句提及减少进食口:能会使个体健康长寿,随

后用elderlymice为例,目的应在于举例证明,即B项。A项“描述年老对老鼠的影

响”,文中仅提到高龄鼠肝脏基因的变化,并未提到年老对老鼠的影响;文中指出

“一些老鼠的肝脏基因可以恢复到年轻时的状态,可以帮助其肝脏代谢药物”,故C

项“介绍老鼠肝脏基因是如何工作的“、D项“介绍代谢药物的过程”都属过度推断。

33、Whatcanbeinferredaboutcompletelynormallyfedmicefromthetext?

A^Theywillnotexperiencefreeradicalproduction.

Theywillexperiencemoregeneticchangesintheirlifetime.

C、Theyhavemorelivergenestobehavelikeyounggenes.

D、Theyaremorelikelylosufferfrominflammation.

标准答案:D

知识点解析:推理判断题。根据normallyfedmice定位到第二段。该段进一步阐明

实验的具体过程和结果,其中讲到在正常喂养的老鼠中,有46例基因随年龄增长

而变化,这些变化与炎症和自由基的产生有关,故可推断D项“它们更有可能得炎

症”为正确选项。A项“不会产生自由基”这与文中意思相反;B项“它们在一生中会

有更多的基因变化”、C项“它们有更多年轻肝脏基因”在文中并未提及,文章着重

讲述的是直减半喂食的老鼠以及生K到定时期才开始减半喂食的老鼠。

34、Intheexperiment,themostinterestingfindingtheresearchersgotisthat

A、elderlymicecanbenefitmuchfromdieting.

B、abouthalfofthegenescontinuedtobehaveyoung.

C、calorierestrictionplanalsoworksinpeople.

D^dietingcanmakedrugeffective.

标准答案:A

知识点解析:事实细节题。第二段倒数第二句提到“最令人吃惊的发现是,生长到

一定时期才开始减半喂食的老鼠也同样得益于70%的基因变化”.故选A项。B项

“大约一半的基因像年轻态一样工作哈原文的"0%”不符;C项“热量限制计划在

人体内也适用“过于绝对,它现在还没有定论;D项“节食可以使药物有效”张冠李

戴,与题干不符.

35、According(othelastIwoparagraphs,Spindlerbelieves(hat

A、calorierestrictionisveryimportanttopeople.

B、seeingtheeffectofadiet,peoplewilleatlessthannormal.

C、dietingmightnotbethebestmethodtogiveusahealthyandlonglife.

D^drugsdonothavetheeffectsofcalorierestriction.

标准答案:C

知识点解析:观点态度题。第四段讲到Spindler不能确定节食i文种取余是否值得,

并希望我们很快就不需要再节食,故推断C项“节食也许不是使人类健康长寿最好

的方法”正确。A项“热量限制刈人类十分重要”仅为研究方向,尚无定论:B项••如

果看到了节食的功效,人们就会减少食量”与原文“人们去餐厅后也很难说,我只吃

个半饱不符:D项“药物没有热量限制的功效”与“寻找有热量限制功能的药物”相

悖。

ThesatisfyingthumpofabassdrumsoundseverytimeGilWeinbergstrikesthinairwith

hisiPhone.ApalnearbyswingshisNokiasmartphonebackandforth,addingarippling

bassline.Athirdphone-wavingfriendsprinklespianoandguitarphrasesontop.

Weinberg'strioarcusingsoftwarethatturnsordinarycellphonesintomusical

instruments."Peoplecanplayontheirown,butwearcmoreexcitedaboutthemjamming

likeaband,'*saysWeinberg,amusictechnologistattheGeorgiaInstituteofTechnology

inAtlanta.Commutersregularlybombardedwithtinnyrecordedmusicplayedonother

passengers'phonesmightnotsharehisenthusiasm,butairguitaristsandwould-be

drummerswillprobablybedelighted.Weinbergclaimshissmartgesture-recognition

softwarewilldemocratizemusic-makingasneverbefore."Withtherighttools,everyone

canbecreativeandexpressivemusically-eveniftheydon'tknowanythingaboutmusic

theory,"hesays.Thesoftware,dubbedZoozBeatsandlaunchedthisweek,monitorsa

phone'smotionandplaysacorrespondingsound.Forexample,youmightplayarhythm

basedonasnaredrumbybeatingtheairwiththephoneasifit'sadrumstick.Oryou

couldstrumwithittoplayasequenceofguitarchords.Thesoftwarerunsonawide

rangeofphonesbecauseitusesmanydifferentwaystosensegestures.Theobviousway

istousetheaccelerometersbuiltintosmalldevicesliketheAppleiPhoneandNokiaN96

siiiariphoiic.BuiZuozBualscanalsoniggersoundswhenihuviewllirougliaphone's

cameralenschangesrapidly,orgenerateabeatorbasslinefromsimpletapsonthe

mobile'smicrophone.Ofcourse,peoplewhoaren'twellskillfulinmusic-makingare

morelikelytomakeunpleasantnoisesthanbeautifulmelodies,soZoozBeats

incorporatesasystemcalledMusicalWizardtomakesuretheirmusicaldecisionsare

harmonious.1(won'tdoeverything,though.Thesystemhasbeenbuilttoensurethat

practicestillmakesperfect:"ThebigchallengewasnottomakeitsoundOKwhatever

youdo,"saysWeinberg."Itwillfit,butnotperfectly,soyoucansilllearntoimprovethe

musicyourself."ZoozBeatscomeswithinstrumentsforthreetypesofmusic:rock,

techno(aformofmodernelectronicmusicwithaveryfastbeat)andhiphop.Italso

allowsuserstoproducevocaleffectsbysingingintothephoneandwillbedownloadable

intwoversions.Oneofthesewillbeforsolouse,theotheraBluetoothnetworkable

versionthatsupportsjammingbygroupsofpeople—usingtheMusicalWizardtokeep

eveiybody'sinputmelodious.

36>Somecommutersmightnotbedelightedinothers'cellphonemusicinthat

A、theyarcnotinterestedinthetinnyrecordedmusic.

B、theyarenotidentifiedwi由themusicmadebythesoftware.

C、theyare佗dupwiththemusicplayedonthecellphones.

D、theyaremoreinterestedinjamminglikeaband.

标准答案:C

知识点解析:事实细节题。考查因果细节,根据commuters定位到第二段。其中讲

到通勤者每天都受到其他乘客手机里录制的尖细音乐的狂轰滥炸(bombarded

with),故可推断他们可能不高兴的原因应为C项。A项“他们对尖细的录制音乐没

有兴趣”、B项“他们不认同软件创作出的音乐”未在原文提及;D项的jamminglike

aband是文中Weinberg所希望看到的,属于张冠李戴。

37、Bysaying"...softwarev/illdemocratizemusic-makingasneverbcforc"(Lincs5-6,

Paragraph2),Weinbergmeansthat

A、thissoftwarewillhelppeopletobecreativeandexpressive.

B、music-makingwillbeaccessibletoallthepeoplebecauseofthissoftware.

C、music-makingwillgainpopularityamongthepeopleduetothissoftware.

D、thissoftwarecanleteverybodymakeperfectmelodybythemselves.

标准答案:B

知识点解析:语义理解题”第二段末句对该句进行了具体解释,即(通过它)每个人

都可以变得很有音乐创造力和表现力,故B项正确。A项忽视了原文的

musically;C项中gainpopularity引申过度,原文提到有人对此没什么热情;D项

perfectmelody太过绝对,后文官提到不太娴熟的更有可能演奏的是噪音。

38、Accordingtothethirdparagraph,theexamplescitedhereshowthat

A、peoplecouldusethephoneasadrumsticktoplayarhythm.

B、phonecouldbeusedtoplayasequenceofguitarchords.

C、ZoozBeatscouldtriggersoundsbysensingtherapidchangeoftheview.

D、ZoozBeatsmakesvarioussoundsbymonitoringhowphoneismoved.

标准答案:D

知识点解析:推理判断题。由Forexample前面的那句话:软件能监测手机的动作

然后依次发出相应的声音,可知D正确。A项“人们可以将手机当作鼓槌来敲打节

奏”,这是例子本身的内容:B项”手机可以用来播放吉他和弦”是断章取义,这只

是例子本身的内容;C项“ZoozBeats通过镜头快速移动切换景物发出声音”,这只

是ZoozBeats的另一项功能,不是这个例子要说明的问题。

39、WhatcanbeinferredaboutMusicalWizardaccordingtoParagraph4?

A、Itisusedtohelppeopletomakeallthemusicaldecisionsperfectly.

B、Ithelpspeoplemakeharmoniousmelodies.

C、ItgivesabigchallengetomakeitsoundOK.

D^Itpreventsthemusicloverfromlearningtoimprovethemusicthemselves.

标准答案:B

知识点解析:推理判断题。第四段提出“音乐天才”系统可以确保人们都能演奏出和

谐的音乐,故B项与之相做。A项的perfectly过于绝对化;C项“使声音听起来还

可以是一个巨大的挑战“,这与原文第四段倒数第二句的意思相反;D项“该系统可

使音乐爱好者免于学才'曲解文意,原文意思为要想奏出完美的音乐,人们仍然需

要进行学习。

40、Anappropriatetitleforthetextismostlikelytobe

A、MusicalWizardSystem.

B、

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