2026年江苏省人教版初中英语下册第12单元语法练习

2026年江苏省人教版初中英语下册第12单元语法练习一、单项选择题（每题2分，共20分）1.根据第12单元语法内容，选择下列句子中动词时态使用正确的一项。A.Sheoftengoestothelibrarybecausesheneedtostudyfortheexamlastweek.B.MybrotherwasplayingbasketballwhenIcallhimyesterdayevening.C.Theyhavefinishedtheirhomeworksincetheystartedat4PMyesterday.D.Theteachertoldusthatwemustnotusephonesinclassnextmonth.解析：选项A中"need"应为"needed"（一般过去时），"because"连接的从句需与主句时态一致；选项B中"call"应为"called"（一般过去时），"when"连接的从句需与主句时态一致；选项C中"since"连接的从句需用一般过去时，主句用现在完成时，但"started"时态正确；选项D中"mustnot"表示一般性禁止，时态正确。正确答案为C，但需注意原题中"since"连接的从句时态应为一般过去时，此处为命题错误，实际正确表述应为：Sheoftengoestothelibrarybecauseshewenttostudyfortheexamlastweek.2.选择下列句子中冠词使用正确的一项。A.Thereisabookonthetablewhichisbelongtomysister.B.IboughtsomeapplesandtwoorangesatthesupermarketlastSunday.C.Hegoestoschoolbybuseverydayexceptonweekends.D.ThisisthefirsttimeIseesuchabeautifulgardeninmylife.解析：选项A中"belongto"前无需冠词；选项B中"apples"和"oranges"为可数名词复数，"some"正确；选项C中"exceptonweekends"中"on"前无需冠词；选项D中"suchabeautifulgarden"中"a"应为"the"（特指）。正确答案为B，但需注意原题中"see"时态应为一般过去时，实际正确表述应为：IsawsomeapplesandtwoorangesatthesupermarketlastSunday.3.选择下列句子中介词使用正确的一项。A.Sheisinterestedinplaythepianosinceshewasachild.B.Themeetingwillbeheldat3PMonMondaynextweek.C.HearrivedinShanghaibytrainlastyearbuthedidn’tstayatthereforlong.D.Theyarelookingforwardtovisittheirgrandparentsthisweekend.解析：选项A中"playthepiano"应为"playingthepiano"（动名词作宾语）；选项B中"at3PM"和"onMonday"均正确；选项C中"atthere"应为"there"（副词）；选项D中"visit"应为"visiting"（动名词作宾语）。正确答案为B，但需注意原题中"arrivein"和"lookforwardto"的用法需结合上下文时态，实际正确表述应为：HearrivedinShanghaibytrainlastyearbuthedidn’tstaythereforlong.4.选择下列句子中代词使用正确的一项。A.MyfriendandIgotothecinemaeveryFriday,butshedoesn’tlikeitasmuchasme.B.ThisisthebookwhichTomgavetotheyyesterday.C.Everystudentinourclasshasacomputer,buthedoesn’thavehisown.D.Theteacheraskedwetofinishthehomeworkbeforeclass.解析：选项A中"she"指代"myfriend"，"it"指代"cinema"，正确；选项B中"they"应为"him"（宾格）；选项C中"he"指代"Everystudent"，"his"正确；选项D中"we"应为"us"（宾格）。正确答案为A，但需注意原题中"doesn’tlikeasmuchasme"需改为"doesn’tlikeitasmuchasI"，此处为命题错误。5.选择下列句子中形容词和副词使用正确的一项。A.ShespeaksEnglishverygood,butsheneedsmorepractice.B.ThisisthemostinterestingbookIhaveeverreadinmylife.C.Hisbrotheristallerthanme,butheisn’tsointelligentasyou.D.Theweatherwastoobadtogooutyesterday,sowestayedathome.解析：选项A中"verygood"应为"verywell"（副词修饰动词）；选项B中"mostinteresting"应为"mostinteresting"（最高级前无需"the"）；选项C中"intelligent"应为"intelligent"（形容词作表语）；选项D中"toobad"正确。正确答案为D，但需注意原题中"intelligent"需改为"intelligent"（形容词作表语），此处为命题错误。6.选择下列句子中时态使用正确的一项。A.IwillcallyouassoonasIfinishmyhomeworktomorrow.B.TheyhavebeentoLondontwice,buttheynevergothereagainnextyear.C.ShewasatthelibrarywhenIsawherlastweek,butsheisn’ttherenow.D.Thetrainleavesat9AM,sowemustarriveatthestationat8AM.解析：选项A中"willcall"和"finish"时态正确；选项B中"nevergothereagainnextyear"应为"willnevergothereagain"（一般将来时）；选项C中"wasat"和"isn’t"时态矛盾，应改为"wasat"或"wasn’tthere"；选项D中"mustarrive"应为"mustarrive"（情态动词+动词原形）。正确答案为A，但需注意原题中"havebeento"和"nevergo"的时态矛盾，实际正确表述应为：TheyhavebeentoLondontwice,buttheywillnevergothereagainnextyear.7.选择下列句子中非谓语动词使用正确的一项。A.Iaminterestedinplaybasketballwithmyfriendsafterschool.B.Shesuggestedthatweshouldgototheparkthisweekend.C.ReadingbookscanhelpyouimproveyourEnglishskills.D.Hemademetocleantheclassroomyesterday.解析：选项A中"playbasketball"应为"playingbasketball"（动名词作宾语）；选项B中"shouldgo"应为"go"（虚拟语气，suggest后从句用动词原形）；选项C中"Readingbooks"正确（动名词作主语）；选项D中"mademetoclean"应为"mademeclean"（使役动词后直接跟动词原形）。正确答案为C，但需注意原题中"Readingbooks"需改为"Readingbooks"（动名词作主语），此处为命题错误。8.选择下列句子中固定搭配使用正确的一项。A.Sheisgoodatplaytheguitar,butsheisn’tgoodatsingsongs.B.Heisinterestedinwatchmovies,buthedoesn’thavemuchtime.C.Theydecidedtogotothebeach,butitwasrainingcatsanddogs.D.Theteacheraskedustopayattentiontolistentothelecture.解析：选项A中"playtheguitar"正确，"singsongs"应为"singingsongs"（固定搭配"begoodat"后跟动名词）；选项B中"watchmovies"正确，但"doesn’thavemuchtime"时态错误，应为"doesn’thavemuchtimenow"；选项C中"rainingcatsanddogs"正确；选项D中"payattentiontolisten"应为"payattentiontolistening"（固定搭配"payattentionto"后跟动名词）。正确答案为C，但需注意原题中"doesn’thavemuchtime"时态错误，实际正确表述应为：Heisinterestedinwatchmovies,buthedoesn’thavemuchtimenow.9.选择下列句子中宾语从句使用正确的一项。A.MybrotheraskedmewhereIgotoschooleveryday.B.ShesaidthatshewasborninShanghaiin2005.C.Idon’tknowifyoucanhelpmewithmyhomework.D.Theteachertoldusthatwemustnoteatinclass.解析：选项A中"gotoschool"应为"gotoschool"（宾语从句中时态需与主句一致）；选项B中"wasborn"正确；选项C中"if"连接的从句时态正确；选项D中"mustnoteat"应为"mustnoteat"（情态动词+动词原形）。正确答案为B，但需注意原题中"gotoschool"时态错误，实际正确表述应为：MybrotheraskedmewhereIwenttoschooleveryday.10.选择下列句子中被动语态使用正确的一项。A.Thisbookwaswrittenbyafamousauthorlastyear.B.Thestudentsweremadetocleantheclassroombytheteacheryesterday.C.Myhomeworkwasfinishedbymelastnight.D.Themeetingwillbeheldat3PMnextMonday.解析：选项A中"waswritten"正确；选项B中"weremadetoclean"正确；选项C中"wasfinishedbyme"应为"wasfinished"（被动语态中无需宾语补足语）；选项D中"willbeheld"正确。正确答案为D，但需注意原题中"wasfinishedbyme"需改为"wasfinished"（被动语态中无需宾语补足语），此处为命题错误。二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）1.Mysisterisinterestedin______(play)thepiano,butshedoesn’tlike______(watch)TV.2.Themeetingwillbeheld______(at)3PM______(on)Mondaynextweek.3.Shesuggestedthatwe______(go)totheparkthisweekend.4.Iamlookingforwardto______(visit)mygrandparentsnextmonth.5.ThisisthefirsttimeI______(see)suchabeautifulgardeninmylife.6.Theteacheraskedus______(pay)attentionto______(listen)tothelecture.7.Mybrotheristallerthanme,butheisn’t______(intelligent)asyou.8.Sheisgoodat______(play)theguitar,butsheisn’tgoodat______(sing)songs.9.Idon’tknowifyoucanhelpme______(finish)myhomework.10.Thebookwaswrittenby______(I).解析：11.playing,watching（固定搭配"beinterestedin"后跟动名词，"doesn’tlike"后跟动名词）；12.at,on（固定搭配"at3PM"和"onMonday"）；13.go（suggest后从句用动词原形）；14.visiting（固定搭配"lookforwardto"后跟动名词）；15.haveseen（现在完成时，强调过去的动作对现在的影响）；16.topay,listening（固定搭配"payattentionto"后跟动名词，"listento"后跟动名词）；17.intelligent（形容词作表语）；18.playing,singing（固定搭配"begoodat"后跟动名词，"isn’tgoodat"后跟动名词）；19.finish（宾语从句中时态需与主句一致）；20.me（宾语从句中"by"后跟宾格）。三、判断题（每题2分，共20分）1.Sheisinterestedinplaythepiano,butsheisn’tgoodatsingsongs.×解析：应改为"playingthepiano"和"singingsongs"（固定搭配"beinterestedin"和"begoodat"后跟动名词）。2.Themeetingwillbeheldat3PMonMondaynextweek.√3.Hesuggestedthatweshouldgototheparkthisweekend.×解析：应改为"gotothepark"（suggest后从句用动词原形）。4.Iamlookingforwardtovisitmygrandparentsnextmonth.×解析：应改为"visitingmygrandparents"（固定搭配"lookforwardto"后跟动名词）。5.ThisisthefirsttimeIseesuchabeautifulgardeninmylife.×解析：应改为"haveseen"（现在完成时，强调过去的动作对现在的影响）。6.Theteacheraskedustopayattentiontolistentothelecture.×解析：应改为"payingattentiontolistening"（固定搭配"payattentionto"后跟动名词）。7.Mybrotheristallerthanme,butheisn’tgoodasyou.×解析：应改为"intelligentasyou"（形容词作表语）。8.Sheisgoodatplaytheguitar,butsheisn’tgoodatsingsongs.×解析：应改为"playingtheguitar"和"singingsongs"（固定搭配"begoodat"后跟动名词）。9.Idon’tknowifyoucanhelpmefinishmyhomework.√10.ThebookwaswrittenbyI.×解析：应改为"byme"（宾语从句中"by"后跟宾格）。四、简答题（每题2分，共16分）1.简述固定搭配"begoodat"和"beinterestedin"的用法区别。参考答案："begoodat"后跟动名词，表示擅长做某事；"beinterestedin"后跟动名词，表示对某事感兴趣。例如：Sheisgoodatplayingthepiano,butsheisn’tgoodatsingingsongs.Sheisinterestedinplayingthepiano,butsheisn’tinterestedinwatchingTV.2.简述宾语从句中时态的用法规则。参考答案：宾语从句中时态需与主句一致，但若从句表示客观事实或普遍真理，时态不受主句影响。例如：MybrotheraskedmewhereIwenttoschooleveryday.ShesaidthattheEarthrevolvesaroundtheSun.3.简述被动语态的构成和用法。参考答案：被动语态由"be动词+过去分词"构成，常用于强调动作的承受者。例如：Thisbookwaswrittenbyafamousauthor.Themeetingwillbeheldat3PMnextMonday.4.简述固定搭配"lookforwardto"的用法。参考答案："lookforwardto"后跟动名词，表示期待做某事。例如：Iamlookingforwardtovisitingmygrandparentsnextmonth.5.简述形容词和副词的用法区别。参考答案：形容词修饰名词，副词修饰动词、形容词或副词。例如：ShespeaksEnglishverywell.ThisisthemostinterestingbookIhaveeverread.6.简述固定搭配"payattentionto"的用法。参考答案："payattentionto"后跟动名词，表示注意做某事。例如：Theteacheraskedustopayattentiontolisteningtothelecture.7.简述固定搭配"rainingcatsanddogs"的用法。参考答案："rainingcatsanddogs"表示雨下得非常大。例如：Theydecidedtogotothebeach,butitwasrainingcatsanddogs.8.简述固定搭配"beinterestedin"的用法。参考答案："beinterestedin"后跟动名词，表示对某事感兴趣。例如：Sheisinterestedinplayingthepiano,butsheisn’tinterestedinwatchingTV.五、应用题（每题4分，共24分）1.阅读以下短文，并回答问题：Lastweekend,myfamilywenttothebeach.Itwasasunnyday,andtheweatherwasperfect.Weplayedbeachvolleyball,swaminthesea,andbuiltsandcastles.MybrotherandIcollectedseashells,andmysistertookmanyphotos.Wehadalotoffunanddidn’twanttogohome.问题：(1)Whatdidthefamilydolastweekend?(2)Howwastheweather?(3)Whatdidthebrotherandsisterdo?参考答案：(1)Thefamilywenttothebeach,playedbeachvolleyball,swaminthesea,andbuiltsandcastles.(2)Theweatherwassunnyandperfect.(3)Thebrothercollectedseashells,andthesistertookmanyphotos.解析：(1)短文中提到"weplayedbeachvolleyball,swaminthesea,andbuiltsandcastles"，因此答案为这些活动；(2)短文中提到"itwasasunnyday,andtheweatherwasperfect"，因此答案为"sunnyandperfect"；(3)短文中提到"mybrotherandIcollectedseashells,andmysistertookmanyphotos"，因此答案为"collectedseashells"和"tookmanyphotos"。2.阅读以下短文，并回答问题：ThisisthefirsttimeIhaveevervisitedtheGreatWall.Itwasabeautifulday,andtheweatherwasclear.WegotupearlyandtookabustothefootoftheGreatWall.WeclimbeduptheGreatWall,andtheviewwasamazing.Wetookmanyphotosandhadagreattime.问题：(1)WhendidtheauthorvisittheGreatWall?(2)Howwastheweather?(3)WhatdidtheauthordoattheGreatWall?参考答案：(1)TheauthorvisitedtheGreatWallthismorning.(2)Theweatherwasclear.(3)TheauthorclimbeduptheGreatWall,tookmanyphotos,andhadagreattime.解析：(1)短文中提到"ThisisthefirsttimeIhaveevervisitedtheGreatWall"，因此答案为"thismorning"（假设为当天）；(2)短文中提到"theweatherwasclear"，因此答案为"clear"；(3)短文中提到"weclimbeduptheGreatWall,andtheviewwasamazing.Wetookmanyphotosandhadagreattime"，因此答案为"climbeduptheGreatWall,tookmanyphotos,andhadagreattime"。3.阅读以下短文，并回答问题：Lastnight,Istudiedformyexam.Ireviewedmynotes,didsomeexercises,andpreparedforthetest.Mybrotherhelpedmewithsomedifficultquestions,andIfeltmoreconfident.Iwenttobedearlyandhopetodowelltomorrow.问题：(1)Whatdidtheauthordolastnight?(2)Howdidtheauthorfeelbeforegoingtobed?(3)Whatdidthebrotherdo?参考答案：(1)Theauthorstudiedforhisexam,reviewedhisnotes,didsomeexercises,andpreparedforthetest.(2)Theauthorfeltmoreconfident.(3)Thebrotherhelpedtheauthorwithsomedifficultquestions.解析：(1)短文中提到"Istudiedformyexam.Ireviewedmynotes,didsomeexercises,andpreparedforthetest"，因此答案为这些活动；(2)短文中提到"Ifeltmoreconfident"，因此答案为"moreconfident"；(3)短文中提到"Mybrot