湖南省长沙市雨花区2026年上学期期末质量检测试卷 八年级英语（含答案）

湖南长沙市雨花区2026年上学期期末质量检测试卷八年级英语一、阅读理解阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。ATheHeimlichmaneuver(海姆利克急救法)cansavealifeinseconds.Itisasimpleactionthatwilloftenremovefoodoranotherobjectfromaperson’sairway(呼吸道)whentheyarechoking(噎住).Youcantellthechokingpersonthatyouwanttohelpthem.LetthemknowyouknowtheHeimlichManeuverandyouaregoingtoperformitonthem.Standbehindtheperson.Helpthepersonlean(倾斜)forward.Havethepersonopenhisorhermouth.Givefivebackblowsbetweentheperson’sshoulderblades(肩胛骨).Makeafist(拳头)withonehand.Putyourarmsaroundtheperson.Placeyourfistnearthetopofthestomach.Pushinandupwithquickstrongmovementsfivetimes.Iftheobjectdoesnotcomeoutafterthefirsttry,callforhelp.Whenmedicalworkersarrive,theycanremovetheobject.1.WhencanHeimlichmaneuverhelp?A．Whenpeoplearerolling.B．Whenpeoplearechoking.C．Whenpeoplearecoughing.2.Wheredoyouneedtoputyourfist?A．Behindtheback.B．Nearthetopofthestomach.C．Betweentheperson’sshoulderblades.BBrianFisherisafamousentomologist(昆虫学家).Whenhewasachild,hesays,itwashisdreamtobecomeabotanist(植物学家)andstudyplants.Oncethatdreambecameareality,Fisherturnedhisattentiontoinsects.Duringaresearchtrip,Fisherbecameinterestedinants.Hedecidedtomakeacareerchange.Hestartedtostudyinsects.Fisherhasidentified(识别)manykindsofantsintheworld.Fisher’sworkinMadagascar,anislandinAfrica,hasgonebeyondstudyingants.Hefoundpeopleneartheforestwereinneedoffood,sohealsolookedforwaystohelpthem.Forexample,hecreatedawayoffarmingedible(可食用的)insects.FisherteachesthistopeopleinMadagascar.Bydoingthis,theyhaveprovidedfoodformanyschools.Fisherknowswhatittakestohaveacareerinscience.“Tosurviveasascientist,”hesays,“youhavetobehighlydrivenandfocused.”Andhesays:“Youhavetobeagoodwriter.Thenyou’llbeabletoshareyourstoryinaninterestingwaysothatpeoplewillwanttoreadyourwork.”3.WhatdidFisherwanttobewhenhewasachild?A．Awriter.B．Abotanist.C．Anentomologist.4.WhatdidFisherdotohelpthepeopleinneedoffood?A．Helpedthemlookforfood.B．Gavethemmoneytobuyfood.C．Taughtthemhowtofarmedibleinsects.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“gobeyond”inParagraph3probablymean?A．超越 B．环游 C．放弃 6.WhatcanwelearnfromBrianFisher’sstory?A．Ascientistshouldsticktohischildhooddream.B．Ascientistshouldonlyfocusonhisownresearch.C．Ascientistneedstobedriven,focusedandgoodatwriting.CFormanypeople,thecomingofspringisatimetocelebrate.InBrazil,themostfamouscelebrationistheCarnival(狂欢节).ItusuallytakesplaceinFebruary.TheBrazilianCarnivalisknownas“thegreatestshowonEarth”.ThebiggestcelebrationhappensinRiodeJaneiro,alargecityinBrazil.TheCarnivalwasbroughttoBrazilinthe17thcentury.Overtime,itmixedwithAfricanandnativeBrazilianculturesandbecametheexcitingfestivalweseetoday.TheCarnivalopenswithaspecialceremony.Themayor(市长)ofRiohandsoveragoldenkeytothe“CarnivalKing”.Duringthefestival,theKing“rules”thecityandleadsthepeopleincelebration.TherearetwomainactivitiesduringtheCarnival.Oneisthesambaparade(桑巴巡游)attheSambadrome.Topsambaschoolssendthousandsofdancersandmusicianstocompete.Theircolourfulcostumesamazethecrowd.Theotheractivityisstreetpartiescalledblocos(街头派对).Thesearefreeandopentoeveryone.Peoplewearfunnyclothes,sing,anddancealongthecitystreets.TheCarnivalisnotjustabouthavingfun.Manysambaschoolsusetheirperformancestotalkaboutsocialproblems,suchaswomen’srights.Areporteroncesaid,“TheCarnivalisaboutcommunity,creativityandcelebration.”Everyyear,millionsoftouristsfromaroundtheworldcometoBraziltojointhisgreatparty.7.WhendoestheBrazilianCarnivalusuallytakeplace?A．InMarch.B．InFebruary.C．InMay.8.WhogivesthegoldenkeytotheCarnivalKing?A．ThemayorofRio.B．ThepresidentofBrazil.C．Theheadteacherofasambaschool.9.Accordingtothepassage,whatdomanysambaschoolsdoduringtheparade?A．Raisemoneyforpoorchildren.B．Teachpeoplehowtodancesamba.C．Presentsocialproblemswiththeirperformances.10.WhatdoesthewriterwanttotellusabouttheCarnival?A．Anewandpopularfestivaltoday.B．Apartyfordancingandhavingfun.C．Acelebrationofcommunityandcreativity.D阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Timemanagementisveryimportantforsuccess.___11___Butwhatdoesittrulymeantobeamasteroftime?Differentculturesviewtimeindifferentways.___12___Inothers,timeiscyclical(循环的),likerepeatingseasons.Understandingthesedifferencesisimportant.Ithelpsusseethatthereisnosingle“right”waytomanagetime.Forstudents,masteringtimemeansmorethanjustfinishinghomeworkontime.___13___Whenwemanagetimewell,wecreatespaceforbothachievementandrest,forbothworkandrelationships.Oneimportantlessonisthattimeistheresource(资源)wecan’tgetback.Unlikemoneythatcanbeearnedagain,losttimeisgoneforever.Weshouldlearnthislessonwhilethinkingabouthowtospendourdays.___14___Tobecomemastersofourowntime,weneedtoreflect(反思)regularly:Arewespendingtimeonwhattrulymatters?Arewesavingenoughtimeforrestandrelaxation?Areweusingourmostenergetichoursforthemostimportanttasks?___15___Beingamasteroftimedoesn’tmeanbeingbusyeverymoment.Itmeansbeingintentional(有目的的)abouthowweusethehourswehave,matchingourdailyactionswithourdeepervaluesandgoals.A．Thishelpsusmakebetterchoices.B．Insomecultures,timeisastraightline.C．Manyofuswanttobethemasteroftime.D．Itmeansusingtimewiselyforselfdevelopment.E．Answeringthesequestionsisthefirststeptomasteringtime.二、完形填空阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。AdamKaiserlovedscienceasachild.Heoftenlookedupatthestarsand___16___abouttheuniverse.Thiscuriosityledhimtostudygeology(地质学)incollege.Aftergraduation,hegotajobatanenvironmentalconsulting(咨询)company.Theworkwasmeaningfulandthepaywasgood.However,Adamfeltthatsomethingwas___17___.Adamalwaysenjoyedcookingforhisfamilyandfriends.Hiswifenoticedhispassion(热情)and___18___himtotakeachocolatemakingclass.Adamwasnervousbutexcited.Helearnedhowtomakechocolatefromcocoabeans.Makingchocolateisnot___19___.Adamfoundthatitrequiresbothartandscience.Thetemperaturemustbejustright.Thesurfacemustbesmoothandshiny.Adamusedhis___20___knowledgetounderstandtheprocess.“Bothchocolateandrockchangewhenthetemperaturegoesupordown,”hesaid.Adamfoundajobtoworkinarestaurantkitchen.He___21___earlyandcamehomelate.Sometimeshefelttootiredtocontinue.Buthiswifeandfriendsstoodby(支持)him.Theytastedhischocolateandgavehimhonestfeedback.Adamimprovedhisrecipesandkepttrying.Ayearlater,Adamopenedhisownchocolateshop.Henowcreatesbeautifulchocolategiftsforhiscommunity.Healso___22___kidsaboutsciencethroughfood.“Followyourinterests,”hetellsthem.“Youneverknowwheretheywillleadyou.”Hisshophasbecomea___23___placeintown.Peoplelovethechocolate,andtheyalsoappreciatethestorybehindit.Adamis___24___hemadethechange.Helearnedthatcouragedoesnotsimplymeanhavingnofear.Itisthewillingnesstotakeactionwhenyouareafraid.Differentpathscanleadtoalifefullofpassionand___25___.16.A．worriedB．wonderedC．cared17.A．missingB．interestingC．surprising18.A．orderedB．attractedC．encouraged19.A．simpleB．slowC．strict20.A．biologyB．geologyC．history21.A．gaveupB．wokeupC．lookedup22.A．teachesB．asksC．argues23.A．hiddenB．popularC．normal24.A．shockedB．nervousC．glad25.A．moneyB．purposeC．friendship三、短文填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。InWeifang,ShandongProvince,manymiddleschoolstudentsarekeeping___26___oldtraditionalive.Everyspring,theylearntomakeChinesekitesbyhand.Thisactivityteachesthemmanyusefulskills.WeifangisknownastheKiteCapitaloftheWorld.Tothisday,localcraftsmen(工匠)___27___(make)beautifulkitesintheshapeofbirdsandfishforhundredsofyears.Thekitescomeinmanydifferentstyles.Oneofthe___28___(famous)stylesistheswallow(燕子)kite.Tomakeone,studentsfirstputthinbamboosticksinwater.Thentheyshapethesticksintoaframeandfixthemwiththread.Afterthat,theyputpaperontheframeandpaintitwithbrightcolors.Iftheframeistooheavy,thekitewillnotflyhigh.Studentssoonlearnthatitisveryimportant___29___(plan)itcarefully.Withoutcarefulplanning,asingle___30___(care)mistakecouldleadtototalkitemakingfailure.Studentsalsoimprovetheirteamworkwhileworkinginpairs.Theyneedtolistentoeachother’sideasandsolveproblemsasateam.Thisterm,DaMingandPetermadeakitetogether.___31___thekitekeptfallingdown,theydidn’tgiveupandtriedagainandagain.Finally,itflew.“Iusedtogiveup___32___(easy),”Petersaid.“NowIknowpatienceandpracticeleadtosuccess.”Teachershavenoticedthatkitemakingcouldhelpstudentsunderstandgeometry(几何)better.Theylearnaboutshapes,balance,andmeasurement___33___arealway.Thecoursealsobringstogetherotherdifferent___34___(subject).Historyteachersexplainwherekitescomefrom,PEteachersshowthatflyingkitescanbeaformofexercise,andartteachersguidestudentsinpaintinganddesign.Whenstudentsaremakingkites,theyaren’tjustmakingtoys.TheyareconnectingwithChinesecultureand___35___(build)skillsforthefuture.四、读写综合第一节阅读下面的语篇，根据语篇内容回答问题。JaneAusten(17751817)wasafamousBritishwriter.Lastyear,peoplearoundtheworldcelebratedthe250thanniversaryofherbirth.AustengrewupinasmallvillageinEngland.Shelovedreadingandwritingfromayoungage.Atthattime,womenwereexpectedtomarryrichmen.Theycouldnothavecontroloftheirownmoneyuntil1870.Theyhadnorighttovote(投票)until1918.ButAustendidnotfollowthispath.Shenevermarriedandwrotesixnovelsinstead.Herbookstalkaboutmenandwomen’sroles,power,schoolandmarriagefromawoman’spointofview.InPrideandPrejudice,ElizabethBennetrefusestomarryamanwhoshedoesnotrespect.InEmma,themaincharactermakesmistakeswhenshetriestohelpherfriendsfindlove.Thesestoriesarenotjustaboutlovestories.Theyaskseriousquestions:Shouldwomenmarryformoney?Cantheychoosetheirownfuture?Themaincharactersinthestoriesarebraveandindependent.AJaneAustenexpertsaid,“Shewritesaboutpeople’sproblems.Andthoseproblemsarestillimportanttoday.”Becauseherstoriestalkabouttimelessproblemsandideas,Austen’snovelsarestillpopulartoday.Filmproducershavemadehernovelsintoover70filmsandTVshows.JaneAustenhasprovedthattheworldyouliveindoesn’tlimityou,butyourchoicesdo.36.WheredidAustengrowup?___________________________________________37.DidAustenmarryarichman?___________________________________________38.WhatarethemaincharacterslikeinAusten’sstories?___________________________________________39.WhyareAusten’snovelsstillpopulartoday?___________________________________________40.WhatcanyoulearnfromAusten’sstories?___________________________________________第二节根据要求完成短文写作。41.学校英语校刊“GreatReads”专栏以“AGoodReadtoMe”为题开展征文。请你写一篇短文投稿，分享一本你最喜欢的书，并说明分享的理由。要求：（1）短文必须包含所有要点提示信息，并适当发挥；（2）80词左右（给出的标题和开头内容不计入总词数）；（3）不得出现真实的人名和校名。AGoodReadtoMeAgoodbookislikeagoodfriend.I’dliketoshareagoodbookwithyou._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________