2026年山东省中考英语试卷真题及答案详解（精校打印版）

试卷第=page11页，共=sectionpages33页试卷第=page11页，共=sectionpages33页机密★启用前2026年全省初中学业水平考试英

语本试卷共10页。满分120分。考试时长120分钟。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，用0.5毫米黑色签字笔将答案写在答题卡上。答案写在本试卷上无效。第一部分听力（共三节，满分30分）做题时，可先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，必须将答案填涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5个句子。听完每个句子后，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳应答语。听完每个句子后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每个句子读两遍。1.A.Fine,thankyou.

B.She’sfromBeijing.

C.I’mastudent.2.A.Goodidea.

B.Thankyou.

C.I’m15.3.A.Yes,goahead.

B.It’strue.

C.I’lltakesome.4.A.No,it’snothere.

B.Goodluck.

C.Acoffee,please.5.A.Lastweek.

B.Hereyouare.

C.Yes,Iam.第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）听下面几段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有一个或几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第1段材料，回答以下小题。6.Howmuchisonecupofapplejuice?A.5yuan.

B.6yuan.

C.10yuan.听第2段材料，回答以下小题。7.Inwhichcompetitiondidthemancomefirst?A.

B.

C.听第3段材料，回答以下小题。8.Whendidthemanseethemovie?A.Lastnight.

B.Tonight.

C.Twodaysago.9.Howdidthemanfeelaboutthemovie?A.Itwasterrible.

B.Itwasboring.

C.Itwasfantastic.听第4段材料，回答以下小题。10.Whatcolouristhespeaker’shouse?A.White.

B.Red.

C.Orange.11.Whatdoesthespeakeralwaysputonherdresser?A.Lotsoftoys.

B.Alotofflowers.

C.Apicture.12.Whatdoesthespeakerthinkofherbedroom?A.Comfortable.

B.Crowded.

C.Big.听第5段材料，回答以下小题。13.Whyisthewomancalling?A.Toorderameal.

B.Tobookaroom.

C.Tolookforherglasses.14.Wherewasthewomansitting?A.Nearthedoor.

B.Atthecornertable.

C.Inthelost-and-foundarea.15.Whenwillthewomanprobablyreturntotherestaurant?A.Inanhour.

B.Inhalfanhour.

C.Intwohours.第三节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面1段独白。独白后有5个填空题，根据所听内容在空格内填入适当的单词。听独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，你将有1分钟的作答时间。该段独白读两遍。ThreewaystogetaroundThefirstwayisbybus.Along,greybustakesmyfamilytothemallandthe________.Itistheeasiestwaytogetthere.Thesecondwayisbytrain.Along,________traintakesmyfamilytoothersmalltownsandbig________morequicklythanthebus.Thethirdwayisonfoot.Twostrongfeettakemetomanydifferentplaces.Itisthe________waytogetaround.Iam________tohavesomanywaystogetaround!第二部分

阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AAreyouthinkingaboutgoingtouniversity?Doyouthinkmaths,physicsandhistorysoundboring?Well,therearealotofunusualdegreesthatyoumightnotknowabout.Herearesomeofourfavorites.FootballStudies

Studentslearnaboutfootballandbusiness,societyandthemedia.Theyalsostudysportsinjuriesandcoaching.Youdon’tneedtoplayfootballifyouwanttochoosethiscourse—therewon’tbeanyfootballsintheexamroom.CitrusStudies

Yes,youcandoadegreeinoranges,lemonsandlimes!Studentslearnhowtogrowcitrusfruits,whichincludesalotofchemistryandbiology.You’llgetreallyhealthyfromallthatfreshfruit!ToyDesign

Notreadytogrowupyet?Thenmaybeyou’dliketolearnhowtodesigntoysforchildren.Butdon’tthinkitwillbeeasyjustbecauseyouseetheword‘toy’.Studentsonthiscoursestudychildpsychology,3Ddesignandengineering.BakeryScience

Eatingcakeorbiscuitsisprobablysomethingyoudoforfun.Butforstudentsonthiscourse,it’spartofstudying.Studentslearnaboutchemistryandhowtomanageproduction.Thereisabakeryattheuniversity,sostudentscanpracticewhatthey’relearning.1．WhatcanstudentslearnaboutinFootballStudies?A．Businessandbiology.B．Societyandthemedia.C．Coachingand3Ddesign.2．WhatdoweknowaboutToyDesign?A．Itincludesengineering.B．Itisforlittlekidstolearn.C．Itwillbeeasyforstudents.3．Whichdegreesrequirestudentstolearnaboutchemistry?A．ToyDesignandCitrusStudies.B．FootballStudiesandToyDesign.C．CitrusStudiesandBakeryScience.BOneday,Thandoandhisfamilymovedfromthecountrysidetothecity.Hedidn’tknowifhewasgoingtolikelifeinthecity.SoonitwasThando’sfirstdayatschool.Theschoolwasmuchbiggerthanhisoldschool.“Therearetoomanychildren,”thoughtThando.“Andthere’stoomuchnoise.”Thefirstfewdayspassedquickly,andhisclassmateswereallfriendly.ButThandofeltdisappointedbecausehehadn’tmadeanyfriendsyet.Thenoneday,theteacherorganisedagame.Shehidatreasureboxintheclassroom.Thefirstpersontofinditcouldopenit.Everyoneranaroundtheroomquickly.Soon,Amahlehelduptheboxandsmiled.Everyoneelselookedsad.“Cananyonesuggestanotherwaytoplaythegame?”askedtheteacherafterseeingtheirreaction.“Ican,”saidThando.“Youcanhidetheboxagain.Weallhavetoholdhandsandfindthetreasuretogether.”Thegamestarted,andthechildrenwalkedaroundtheclassroom,holdinghandsandlookingforthetreasure.Everyonelaughedandhadfun.Whentheyfoundthebox,theyopenedittogether.Insidetheyfound20strips(带状物)ofcolouredpaper.“Everyone,chooseapieceofpaperandfoldit,”saidtheteacher.“Nowputallyourstripsofpapertogether.”“It’sapaperchain,”laughedAmahle.“Sharingthetreasurewasagreatidea,Thando!”“Mymotheralwayssaystome,‘HowcanIbehappyifsomeoneinmycommunityissad?’”saidThando.“That’swonderful.Remember—we’reallconnected,”saidtheteacherasThandoandhisnewfriendshungthepaperchainaroundtheclassroom.4．WhathappenedtoThandoduringthefirstfewdaysinhisnewschool?A．Hedidn’tmakeanyfriends.B．Hefoundhisclassmatesserious.C．Hebecamedisappointedathisgrades.5．WhatwasThando’ssuggestionforthegame?A．Amahleshouldhidethebox.B．Thestudentsshouldworkasateam.C．Theteachershouldlookforthetreasure.6．HowmightThandofeelattheendofthestory?A．Worried. B．Calm. C．Joyful.7．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．WhatThandodidfortheteacher.B．WhyThandowenttoanewschool.C．HowThandobecamepartoftheclass.CMs.BerylandLaylaaregreatfriends.Itdoesn’tmatterthatBerylis87,andLaylaisfour.Thepairhavemanyinterestsincommon,andtheyspendalotoftimetogether.Theymakedrawings,playgames,andlaughateachother’sjokes.ThetwoattendanintergenerationalpreschoolcalledMotherNurture.Itbringssociety’soldestandyoungestmemberstogetherinacommunity.“AtMotherNurturethekidshavesomeonewhocantellgreatstories,butwhoalsohasthetimeandpatiencetoreallylistentothem,”saysdirector,PennyLivingston.“Manyofthechildrendonothavegrandparentsinthesamecity,andtheirfriendshipswiththeirelderly‘classmates’makeitpossibleforthemtogetalongwithpeopleatadifferentstageoflife.”Fortheelderly,theexperienceisalsorewarding(有益的).Thechildrenbringthejoyandexcitementofyouthintotheirlives,andthetimespentwithkidsimprovestheirhealth.Theelderlyreportfeelinglesslonely.Theirmindsworkbetter,andeventheirbodiesseemtobenefitfromstayingwiththechildrenbecausetheymovemore.MotherNurtureisjustoneofmanysuchprogrammesthathaveappearedaroundtheworld.Theprogrammesworkandeventhekids’parentsbenefit.Manyfamiliesdonothaverelativesnearby,andthechancefortheirchildrentospendtimewithapersonlikeagrandmotherorgrandfatherpleasesparents.“Wekindofgetstuckwithpeoplewhoarethesameageasus,”saysMaya,acaregiverwhohasworkedatMotherNurtureforthreeyears.“WhenIseehowcarefulthechildrenarearoundtheirolderfriends,Iknowtheyaredevelopingempathy(共情)forpeoplewhoaredifferent,”shesays.“Andthatisgoodnewsfortherestofussincewewillallbeoldoneday.”8．Whatisthepurposeofthefirstparagraph?A．Tocomparetwofriendsinapreschool.B．Toshowtheimportanceofthesamehobbies.C．TointroducetheprogrammeMotherNurture.9．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“them”inparagraph2referto?A．Manyofthechildren.B．Theelderlyclassmates.C．Thechildren’sgrandparents.10．WhatisanadvantageofMotherNurture?A．Itletsthekids’familiesspendmoretimewiththeirrelatives.B．Ithelpstheelderlybecomehealthierbothinbodyandmind.C．Itgivesthekidsmorechancestolivewiththeirgrandparents.11．WhatcanweinferaboutMaya?A．Shebelievesbeingoldisgoodnews.B．ShethinkshighlyofMotherNurture.C．ShehopestoworkforMotherNurture.DEverytimeyousendanemail,amessage,aphotoorpostsomethingontheInternet,yousavepaper.However,youleavebehindyourdigitalcarbon(碳)footprint.YoumaythinkthattheInternethasnoeffectonthephysicalworld,butwestorealltheinformationondifferentwebsites,appsandsocialmediaoncomputerservers(服务器).Theyuselotsofelectricity.Atthesametime,theyneedtobecool,soweusemoreelectricitytokeepthetemperaturelow.However,theproductionofelectricityincreasesourcarbonfootprintandheatsupourearth.Allinformation,picturesandmusicontheInternettravelinsmallpacketscalleddata(数据).Sowhenwedoanonlinesearch,thequestionwehaveputintothecomputerbecomesdata.Thecomputersendsthisdatatotheservers.Theythenprocess(处理)thequestionandsenditbacktoourcomputersasdata.Thefasterthesearchengine(引擎)works,thebiggertheuseofelectricity.Weusethemostelectricitywhenwewatchavideoonline.Thisisbecausealotofdatatravelstoandfromtheserver.Differentkindsoftechnologyneeddifferentamounts(量)ofelectricitytowork.Forexample,mobilephonesuseelectromagneticwaves.Thesewavesneedmoreenergytomovethroughbuildings,badweatherandevenplants.Soagain,theuseofelectricityisbigger.Cloudcomputingalsousesalotofenergybecauseinsteadofsavingyourmaterialonyourcomputer,youstoreitontheserver.Soagain,moredatatravelsbetweentheserversandthecomputers,usinglargeamountsofenergy.Onewaytostopthiswasteistoalwaysupdateyourappsorsoftware.Forexample,anoldwordprocessingtoolneedsfourtimesmoreenergytoworkthananewone.Anotherwayistothinkbeforeweseeafilmonline:doyoureallyneedtoseeitforthetenthtime?12．Inwhatwaydoweleavebehindadigitalcarbonfootprint?A．ByusingtheInternet. B．Byproducingelectricity. C．Bykeepingtheserverscool.13．Whydoeswatchingavideoonlineusemuchelectricity?A．Itmakesthesearchenginestopworking.B．Lotsofdatatravelstoandfromtheserver.C．Manyquestionsareputintothecomputer.14．Whatisthemainideaofparagraph4?A．Muchdatauseslargeamountsofenergy.B．Cloudcomputingusesmoreenergythanmobilephones.C．Differenttechnologiesusedifferentamountsofelectricity.15．Whatcanreduceourdigitalcarbonfootprint?A．Usingthelatestappsorsoftware.B．Seeingafilmonlinemanytimes.C．Workingwithanoldwordprocessingtool.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有一项为多余选项。Mostpeopleagreethat,whenitcomestoexercise,theharderyoutrain,thefitteryoubecome.Butdidyourealisewhenyouexercisealsomatters?____16____Manypeoplethinkthemorningisthebesttimeforexercise,becausetheyhavemoreenergythenandtheyfeellessandlessactiveasthedayprogresses.____17____Ourbodieshavenaturalrhythms(节律),sothebesttimeofdaytoexerciseisdifferentfordifferentpeople.Italsodependsonwhatyourgoalis.Recentresearchsuggeststhatthehigheryourbody’stemperature,thebetteryourperformance.____18____Soitcouldbethebesttimeforaworkout.However,ifyouwanttoloseweight,thebesttimeofdaytoexerciseisearlyinthemorning.____19____Andifyouraimissimplytokeepphysicallyhealthy,thenalongwalkisOK—atanytimeofday.Becareful,though.____20____Youwouldliketotrainharderandharderasyoustarttofeelfitter,butrememberthatthemoreyouexercise,thehighertheriskofgettinghurt.Overall,it’sfarsafertodoasmallamountofexerciseregularly(规律地).Yourworkoutwillbealittleeasiereachday,andasyougetfitter,itwillbecomemoreandmoreenjoyable.A．Weshouldkeepexercisingeveryday.B．However,itisnotquiteassimpleasthat.C．That’swhenyourbodywillburnmostenergy.D．Itcanbeasimportantashowmuchexerciseyoudo.E．Mostpeople’stemperatureishighestinthelateafternoon.F．Doingtoomuchexercisecanbealmostasbadasnotdoingenough.第三部分

语言运用（共两节，满分20分）第一节（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Whilemost10-year-oldsarespendingtheirfreetimeplayingvideogames,Ernestoisbusyrunninghisown3Dprintingbusinessanddreamingofbuyinghismomahousesomeday.Insideasmallworkshopathome,Ernestospendshisdays________andprintingcolourfulcreationsincludingmodelplanes,canopeners,andthingsmeanttohelppeopledealingwithstress.The________firsttookshapejustafewmonthsagowhenErnestotoldhismotherhewantedtomakemoneythrough3Dprinting.Insteadof________buyinghimamachine,sheencouragedhimtoworkandsaveforithimself.After________$500,ErnestoboughthisfirstprinterandstartedPrestige3DLabs.Hetaughthimselfhowtocreatecustomdesignsbywatchingonlinecoursesandquickly________therewasrealdemand(需求)forhisproducts.Businesshasgrownfastandhis________arebecomingmoreandmorepopular.Ernestosayshehasalreadymadearound$1,500,anddemandbecamesostrongthathe________withalocalclothingstoretohelpsellhisproducts.Now,threeprintersrunregularlytokeepupwith________cominginfromacrosstheRioGrandeValley.ForErnesto’smother,the________hasbecomemorethanjustawayforhersontomakemoney.Ithasalsobecomevaluabletimespenttogether.Shesaysbalancingschool,footballpractice,andagrowingbusinesscansometimesbe________forErnesto,butshebelievestheexperienceisteachinghimlessonsthatwilllastalifetime.21．A．finding B．writing C．designing22．A．idea B．habit C．rule23．A．generally B．simply C．exactly24．A．saving B．donating C．borrowing25．A．explained B．realised C．reminded26．A．printers B．courses C．creations27．A．partnered B．compared C．travelled28．A．gifts B．orders C．toys29．A．business B．show C．game30．A．normal B．dangerous C．stressful第二节（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）阅读下面短文并填空，然后将答案写到答题卡的相应位置（如有提示词，则填入提示词的正确形式；如无提示词，则填入1个适当的单词）。FanZhongyan(989–1052)wasastatesmanandscholar(学者)oftheSongDynasty.WhenFanZhongyanwas22yearsold,he____31____(give)achancetostudyatthefamousYingtianAcademy(书院).FanZhongyanwasverypoorandateporridgeforeverymeal.Afterfouryearsofhardwork,hepassedtheimperialexamination____32____becameagovernmentofficial.Whenhe____33____(leave)YingtianAcademyin1015,FanZhongyandidn’texpectthathewouldreturnyearslaterasitsprincipal(负责人).Onhisreturn,hemademanypositive____34____(change).Lookingbackonhisownstudentdays,heoftenusedhisownmoney____35____(support)poorstudents.Healsooffereda____36____(talent)scholarnamedSunFuapositionintheacademysothatSunFucouldworkandstudyatthesametime.Withmoneytoraisehisfamily,SunFustudieddayandnight,____37____(final)becomingarespectedscholar.In1040,FanZhongyanbecameavicegovernor.Whileworkinginwhatistoday’sHenanProvincein1046,hemadea____38____(decide)toimproveeducationforthelocalpeople.Choosingabeautifulsetting,hesetupHuazhouAcademy.There,FanZhongyan____39____(write)hismostfamousarticle,“OnYueyangTower”.FanZhongyandevoted(奉献)____40____(he)timeandmoneytosupportingpeopleintheirsearchforknowledge.Hesetanexampleformanyscholars,whointurn,wouldbeencouragedtofollowhim.第四部分

写作（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题，并将答案写到答题卡的相应位置。Farahwasonherparents’farminMalaysia.Sheheardafunnynoiseandwenttolook.Shefoundababyorangutan(猩猩).Itwaslonelyandscared.Farahwenttotellherparents.“There’sanorangutansanctuary(庇护地)tenmilesfromhere,”saidDad.“Weshouldcallthem.”“Goodidea,”saidMom.“I’llcallthemnow.”“Helookshungry,”saidDad.“I’llgethimabanana.”“Heneedsaname,”saidFarah.“I’llcallhimCoco.”Ateamfromthesanctuaryarrivedquickly.“WhydoesCocohavetogotothesanctuary?”askedFarah.“Orangutansareindangerintheirhabitat(栖息地)becausethereareloggingsites(伐木点),bigfarmsandillegal(非法的)hunters,”saidthesanctuaryassistant.“Cocoisveryyoung.Atthesanctuary,hecangrowupsafely.”“Whathappensatthesanctuary?”askedFarah.“Well,Cocolookshealthy,buttomorrowthevets(兽医)aregoingtodoacheck-upandthey’regoingtogivehimvaccinations(疫苗).Thedayaftertomorrow,we’regoingtosendhimtotheorangutanschoolatthesanctuary!”“Orangutanschool!”saidFarah.“What’sthat?”Thesanctuaryassistantsmiled.“Orangutansusuallystaywiththeirmothersforsixyears.Theylearnhowtoliveinthejungle.Atthesanctuary,theylearnfromeachother.Nextweek,theteamisgoingtogiveCocoabuddy—anolderorangutanwhocanteachhim.Heneedstolearnhowtofindfoodandwheretosleep.”“Orangutanschoolsoundsfun!”saidFarah.“We’regoingtokeepCocoatthesanctuaryforawhile.Youcanbeavolunteerandhelpout.”Farahsmiled,“I’dlikethat.I’llcomeandvisitCoco!Ican’twait!”41．WheredidFarahfindCoco?_______________________________________________42．Whatarethedangerstoorangutansinthehabitataccordingtothetext?_______________________________________________43．HowarepeopleatthesanctuarygoingtohelpCoco?(list2ways)_______________________________________________44．WhatkindofpersondoyouthinkFarahis?Andwhy?_______________________________________________45．Whatwouldyouliketodoifyouhaveachancetohelpwildlife?(atleast15words)_______________________________________________第二节（满分20分）46．假如你是李华，你准备在英语课“DailyNews”环节，介绍在北京举办的机器人半程马拉松的有关情况。请你用英语写一篇发言稿，内容包括：1.比赛情况；时间地点结果2026年4月19日北京亦庄名为“Flash”的机器人夺冠、打破人类纪录2.你的感想。注意：1.词数80-100，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3.文中不得出现真实人名、校名等信息。参考词汇：half-marathon（n.半程马拉松）Hello,everyone!___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________That’sall.Thankyou.答案第=page11页，共=sectionpages22页答案第=page11页，共=sectionpages22页1．B2．A3．C【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍几门不常见的大学专业，介绍了FootballStudies、CitrusStudies、ToyDesign、BakeryScience四门课程各自的学习内容。【详解】1．FootballStudies课程：“Studentslearnaboutfootballandbusiness,societyandthemedia.”，由此可知学生可以学习社会与媒体相关内容。2．ToyDesign课程：“Studentsonthiscoursestudychildpsychology,3Ddesignandengineering”，由此可知这门课包含工程学的学习。3．CitrusStudies提到：“whichincludesalotofchemistryandbiology”，以及BakeryScience提到：“Studentslearnaboutchemistryandhowtomanageproduction”，由此可知柑橘研究和烘焙科学专业都要学习化学。4．A5．B6．C7．C【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了Thando搬家来到城市进入新学校，起初没有交到朋友，通过课堂上的寻宝游戏提出团队合作的想法，最终融入班级的故事。【详解】4．根据第三段“ButThandofeltdisappointedbecausehehadn’tmadeanyfriendsyet.”可知，在新学校最初几天，Thando没有交到任何朋友。5．第六段Thando提出建议：“Youcanhidetheboxagain.Weallhavetoholdhandsandfindthetreasuretogether.”，说明他建议同学们团队协作完成游戏。6．文章结尾Thando和同学们一起游戏、制作纸链，交到新朋友，由此可以推断他的心情是开心快乐的。7．通读全文，文章主要围绕Thando来到新学校，从没有朋友到融入整个班级的经历展开，C选项最能概括主旨。8．C9．A10．B11．B【导语】本文介绍了一个代际融合幼儿园项目MotherNurture。老人和幼儿在此相伴交友，这既帮助孩子学会和不同年龄段的人相处，也有益于老年人身心健康，这类项目还能让家长也从中受益。【详解】8．第一段通过讲述Beryl和Layla的故事，引出她们共同参加的代际学前班“MotherNurture”，并简要说明了该项目的性质，旨在引出并介绍这一项目。9．第二段画线词所在句子“Manyofthechildren...makeitpossibleforthemtogetalongwithpeopleatadifferentstageoflife.”表明，them指代前半句的主语“Manyofthechildren”，意为这种友谊使孩子们能够与不同人生阶段的人相处。10．第三段中的句子“Theelderlyreportfeelinglesslonely.Theirmindsworkbetter,andeventheirbodiesseemtobenefitfromstayingwiththechildrenbecausetheymovemore.”表明，该项目能让老人感到不那么孤独，思维和身体都受益，即有助于身心健康。11．最后一段Maya的话表明，她认为孩子们在这里培养了对他人的共情能力，这对所有人都是好消息，表明她对该项目持肯定和高度评价。A项曲解文意（好消息是指共情能力的培养），C项与事实不符（她已在此工作三年）。12．A13．B14．C15．A【导语】本文从日常网络无纸化行为切入，揭示线上活动会产生数字碳足迹，解释了服务器运行、数据传输等环节的高能耗与碳排放逻辑，给出更新软件、减少无意义刷视频等减碳方法，引导人们践行低碳数字生活。【详解】12．根据第一段“Everytimeyousendanemail...ontheInternet,yousavepaper.However,youleavebehindyourdigitalcarbonfootprint.”可知，当我们使用互联网（发送邮件、照片等）时，会留下数字碳足迹。13．根据第三段最后一句“Weusethemostelectricitywhenwewatchavideoonline.Thisisbecausealotofdatatravelstoandfromtheserver.”可知，在线观看视频耗电最多是因为大量数据在服务器和电脑之间传输。14．第四段首句“Differentkindsoftechnologyneeddifferentamounts(量)ofelectricitytowork.”是该段的主题句，随后列举了手机和云计算的例子来支撑这一观点。15．根据第五段第一句“Onewaytostopthiswasteistoalwaysupdateyourappsorsoftware.”以及第二句提到旧工具耗能更多可知，使用最新的应用或软件可以减少碳足迹。B项和C项均与文中建议相反。16．D17．B18．E19．C20．F【导语】本文主要介绍锻炼时间的重要性，最佳锻炼时间受人体节律与锻炼目标影响，同时告诫人们运动要适度，避免运动过量受伤。【详解】16．前文提到“theharderyoutrain,thefitteryoubecome(你训练得越刻苦，就会变得越健康)”，随后转折，发出疑问“你是否意识到，锻炼的时间也同样重要呢”，D项“Itcanbeasimportantashowmuchexerciseyoudo.(这可能和你进行的运动量大小一样重要)”承接前文问题，引出下文对锻炼时间的描述。17．前文提到“Manypeoplethinkthemorningisthebesttimeforexercise...(许多人认为早晨是锻炼的最佳时间)”，后文提到“Ourbodieshavenaturalrhythms,sothebesttimeofdaytoexerciseisdifferentfordifferentpeople.(我们的身体有自然节律，所以一天中锻炼的最佳时间因人而异)”，由此可知，前后文存在转折关系，说明事情并非像人们想的那么简单，B项“However,itisnotquiteassimpleasthat.”起到承前启后的作用，否定“早上最适合运动”的片面看法，引出下文观点。18．前文提到“thehigheryourbody’stemperature,thebetteryourperformance.(体温越高，表现就越好)”，后文提到“Soitcouldbethebesttimeforaworkout.(所以这可能是锻炼的最佳时间)”，由此可知，空处应提及体温最高的时间段，E项“Mostpeople’stemperatureishighestinthelateafternoon.(大多数人的体温在傍晚时分最高。)”承接体温与运动表现的关联，后文的it指代傍晚这个时段。19．前文提到“Ifyouwanttoloseweight,thebesttimeofdaytoexerciseisearlyinthemorning.(如果你想减肥，一天中锻炼的最佳时间是清晨)”，C项“That’swhenyourbodywillburnmostenergy.(那是你的身体燃烧最多能量的时候)”承接前文，解释清晨锻炼有助于减肥的原因。20．前文提到“Becareful,though.(不过，要小心)”，后文提到“...butrememberthatthemoreyouexercise,thehighertheriskofgettinghurt.(……但请记住，你锻炼得越多，受伤的风险就越高)”，由此可知，空处应指出过度锻炼的危害，F项“Doingtoomuchexercisecanbealmostasbadasnotdoingenough.(做太多的运动几乎和做得不够一样糟糕)”引出后文不要过度锻炼的告诫。21．C22．A23．B24．A25．B26．C27．A28．B29．A30．C【导语】本文讲述10岁男孩Ernesto经营3D打印生意的故事。他自筹资金买设备，生意壮大。这不仅让他赚钱，更带来了宝贵的成长经历。【详解】21．句意：在家里的一间小作坊里，Ernesto花费时间设计和打印彩色作品，包括飞机模型、开罐器，还有用来帮助人们缓解压力的物件。。根据“3Dprintingbusiness”及常识，打印前需设计模型。designing“设计”是3D打印的前提步骤，符合逻辑。finding“找到”、writing“写”与3D打印流程无关。22．句意：这个主意几个月前刚成形，当时Ernesto告诉妈妈，他想靠3D打印赚钱。根据后文“wantedtomakemoney”，指做生意的想法。takeshape常指计划或想法成形，idea“主意”符合语境。habit“习惯”；rule“规则”不符合“想要赚钱”的语境。23．句意：妈妈没有只是直接给他买一台打印机，而是鼓励他靠自己干活攒钱去买。根据“encouragedhimtoworkandsave”，母亲没有直接买。simply强调直接做某事，此处指未直接购买。generally“普遍的”、exactly“确切地”语意不通，无法体现母亲的教育方式。24．句意：存了500美元后，他买了打印机，创办了“Prestige3D实验室”。根据前文“saveforithimself”，此处指存钱，saving符合语境。与前文母亲建议“存钱”保持一致。donating“捐赠”、borrowing“借”与前文逻辑矛盾。25．句意：他通过网上课程自学定制设计，很快意识到自己的产品存在真实的市场需求。根据“therewasrealdemand”，指发现市场情况。生意开始后发现自己产品受欢迎，即意识到需求，realised“意识到”符合语境。explained“解释”；reminded“提醒”不符合发现市场需求的逻辑。26．句意：生意发展迅速，他的作品变得越来越受欢迎。根据前文“colourfulcreations”，指打印出的产品。顾客购买的是他制作的产品，creations符合语境。printers“打印机”；courses“课程”非主要售卖对象。27．句意：Ernesto说他已经赚了大约1500美元。市场需求十分旺盛，于是他和当地一家服装店合作售卖自己的产品。根据“tohelpsellhisproducts”，指商业合作。partnerwith意为“与……合作”，符合销售语境。compared“比较”；travelled“旅行”语意不通，无法帮助销售。28．句意：现在三台打印机持续运转，用来处理来自里奥格兰德河谷各地源源不断的订单。根据“Businesshasgrown”，生意对应订单。生意好意味着订单多，需保持生产，orders“订单”符合语境。gifts“礼物”；toys“玩具”不符合商业往来语境。29．句意：对母亲来说，这门生意不仅是赚钱方式。全文围绕他的商业活动展开。指代前文提到的3Dprintingbusiness，business“商业”符合语境。show“展示”；game“游戏”。指代错误，不符合全文主题。30．句意：她说，兼顾学业、足球训练和不断发展的生意，有时对欧内斯托来说压力很大，但她相信这段经历教会他的道理将会使他受益终身。根据“balancing...cansometimesbe”，兼顾多事通常很累，同时处理多项任务会让人感到压力，stressful符合语境。normal无法体现困难，dangerous程度过重。31．wasgiven32．and33．left34．changes35．tosupport36．talented37．finally38．decision39．wrote40．his【导语】本文主要讲述了宋代政治家、学者范仲淹早年刻苦求学，为官后致力于改善教育、资助贫困学生并创办书院的事迹。【详解】31．句意：当范仲淹22岁时，他获得了一个在著名的应天书院学习的机会。主语“He”与“give”之间为被动关系(被给予机会)，描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为第三人称单数，故填wasgiven。32．句意：经过四年的努力，他通过了科举考试并成为了一名政府官员。passed和became为并列谓语，用and连接，表示顺