2026年天津市人教版高中英语下册第12单元语法练习

2026年天津市人教版高中英语下册第12单元语法练习一、单项选择题（每题2分，共20分）1.AccordingtothegrammarrulesinUnit12,whichofthefollowingsentencescorrectlyusesthepassivevoicetodescribetheprocessofthebookbeingwritten?A.Thebookwrotebytheauthorin2020becameabestseller.B.Thebookwaswrittenbytheauthorandpublishedin2020.C.Theauthorwrotethebook,whichwaseditedbyhiseditor.D.Thebookhasbeenwrittenbymanyauthorsovertheyears.解析：正确答案为B。选项A错误，被动语态中动词应为"was/werewritten"，且"bytheauthor"应放在句末。选项C中"whichwasedited"为独立主格结构，不符合被动语态要求。选项D使用现在完成时态，但未明确被动关系。选项B准确表达了书籍被作者在2020年写成并出版，符合被动语态规则。2.InUnit12,theuseof"should"toexpressobligationisillustratedinthesentence"Youshouldstudyharderfortheexam."Whatgrammaticalfunctiondoes"should"servehere?A.Itactsasamodalverbtosuggestnecessity.B.Itfunctionsasanadverbtomodify"study."C.Itisanauxiliaryverbformingthefuturetense.D.Itservesasaconjunctiontoconnectclauses.解析：正确答案为A。"should"在此句中为情态动词，表示建议或义务，符合单元语法重点。选项B错误，"should"不能直接修饰动词。选项C错误，"should"不用于构成将来时。选项D错误，"should"无连接功能。3.Thesentence"Theexperimentwasconductedbythestudentslastweek"demonstrateswhichgrammaticalstructure?A.Activevoicewithanadverbialphrase.B.Passivevoicewithapastparticiple.C.Agerundphrasefunctioningasthesubject.D.Acompoundsentencewitharelativeclause.解析：正确答案为B。该句使用被动语态（"wasconducted"）和过去分词（"conducted"），符合单元被动语态教学重点。选项A错误，主句为被动语态。选项C错误，"conductedbythestudents"为介词短语。选项D错误，句子为简单句。4.InthecontextofUnit12,whichsentencecorrectlyusesthestructure"Itisimportantto..."toemphasizenecessity?A.Itisimportantthatyoushouldfinishthehomeworknow.B.Itisimportantforyoutofinishthehomeworknow.C.Itisimportantyoufinishthehomeworknow.D.Itisimportantthatyoufinishthehomeworknow.解析：正确答案为B。单元强调"Itisimportantto..."结构，其中"to"后接动词原形。选项A和D使用"that从句"时，"should"可省略但非必须，但结构不如B简洁。选项C省略了"to"，语法错误。5.Thesentence"IfIhadstudiedharder,Iwouldhavepassedtheexam"illustrateswhichgrammaticalconcept?A.Presentperfectcontinuoustense.B.Secondconditionalforhypotheticalsituations.C.Futureperfecttensewithmodalverbs.D.Pastperfecttensewithanimperativemood.解析：正确答案为B。该句为第二条件句（"If+pastperfect,wouldhave+pastparticiple"），表达对过去事实的假设，符合单元虚拟语气教学。选项A错误，"hadstudied"为过去完成时。选项C错误，"wouldhavepassed"为虚拟语气。选项D错误，无"imperativemood"结构。6.Thephrase"Thebook,whichwaspublishedin2020,becameabestseller"containswhichgrammaticalelement?A.Amainclausewitharelativeadverb.B.Arelativeclausemodifyinganounphrase.C.Aparticipialphrasefunctioningasanappositive.D.Aninfinitivephraseactingasasubjectcomplement.解析：正确答案为B。"whichwaspublishedin2020"为限定性定语从句，修饰"Thebook"，符合单元定语从句教学。选项A错误，主句为简单句。选项C错误，"which"引导非限定性从句。选项D错误，"tobecome"为非谓语动词。7.Thesentence"Theteacheraskedthestudentstopresenttheirreports"demonstrateswhichgrammaticalstructure?A.Infinitivephraseasthedirectobject.B.Gerundphraseasthesubject.C.Passivevoicewithanobjectcomplement.D.Acompoundpredicatewithtwoverbs.解析：正确答案为A。"topresenttheirreports"为不定式短语作宾语补足语，符合单元不定式用法。选项B错误，主语为"thestudents"。选项C错误，句子为主动语态。选项D错误，句子为简单句。8.InUnit12,thesentence"Thereportwillbefinishedbytomorrow"correctlyuseswhichgrammaticalstructure?A.Futurecontinuoustensewithanadverbialclause.B.Passivevoicewithafutureperfectparticiple.C.Activevoicewithamodalverb.D.Asimplefuturetensewithanobjectcomplement.解析：正确答案为B。"willbefinished"为被动语态，"bytomorrow"表示时间状语，符合单元被动语态教学。选项A错误，"willbefinishing"为将来进行时。选项C错误，句子为被动语态。选项D错误，"befinished"为被动结构。9.Thesentence"Itisnecessarythateveryoneshouldfollowtherules"containswhichgrammaticalerror?A.Theuseof"should"with"isnecessarythat..."structure.B.Theomissionof"to"after"should."C.Theincorrectuseofarelativeclause.D.Themisuseofamodalverbinaformalcontext.解析：正确答案为A。单元强调在正式语境中，"Itisnecessarythat..."后从句需使用虚拟语气（"should+动词原形"），但"should"可省略。选项B错误，"should"可省略。选项C错误，从句结构正确。选项D错误，"should"使用正确。10.Thephrase"Theexperiment,havingbeenconductedlastweek,providedvaluabledata"containswhichgrammaticalstructure?A.Amainclausewithanadverbialphrase.B.Aparticiplephrasefunctioningasanappositive.C.Apassivevoiceconstructionwithaparticiple.D.Acompoundsentencewithacoordinatingconjunction.解析：正确答案为C。"havingbeenconducted"为现在分词的完成被动式，作状语修饰主句，符合单元非谓语动词教学。选项A错误，主句为简单句。选项B错误，分词短语为状语而非同位语。选项D错误，句子为简单句。二、填空题（每空2分，共20分）1.Thenewpolicy______(require)allemployeestosubmittheirreportsbyFriday.答案requires解析：动词需与主语"policy"（单数）匹配，使用第三人称单数形式"requires"。2.Ifthestudents______(study)harder,they______(pass)theexameasily.答案studied,wouldpass解析：第二条件句结构为"If+pasttense,would+baseform"，表示对现在或未来的假设。3.Thebook______(write)bytheauthorlastyear______(become)abestseller.答案waswritten,became解析：第一空使用被动语态"waswritten"，第二空为一般过去时"became"。4.It______(be)importantforyou______(finish)thetaskontime.答案is,tofinish解析：固定结构"Itisimportantto..."，"tofinish"后接动词原形。5.Theexperiment,______(conduct)bytheteam,______(show)promisingresults.答案conducted,hasshown解析：第一空为现在分词的完成被动式作定语，第二空为现在完成时"hasshown"。6.Theteacheraskedthestudents______(review)theirnotesbeforethetest.答案toreview解析："asksb.todosth."结构，使用不定式"toreview"。7.Thereport______(finish)bytomorrowwillbesubmittedtothedirector.答案willbefinished解析：被动语态"willbefinished"，"bytomorrow"作时间状语。8.It______(be)necessarythateveryone______(follow)theinstructionscarefully.答案is,follows解析：虚拟语气结构，"follows"使用动词原形。9.Thebook,______(write)inthe18thcentury,______(influence)manywriterslater.答案written,influenced解析：第一空为过去分词作定语，第二空为一般过去时"inflected"。10.IfI______(have)moretime,I______(study)thegrammarrulesmorethoroughly.答案had,wouldstudy解析：第二条件句结构，"hadhad"和"wouldstudy"表示假设。三、判断题（每题2分，共20分）1.Thesentence"Thebookwaswrittenbytheauthor"isanexampleofactivevoice.答案×解析：该句使用被动语态"waswritten"，主语"thebook"是动作的承受者，而非执行者。2.Thephrase"Itisimportanttostudy"canbereplacedwith"Studyingisimportant"withoutchangingthemeaning.答案×解析：原句强调必要性，改写后为陈述句，语气减弱。3.Thesentence"IfIwereyou,Iwouldstudyharder"usesthefirstconditional.答案×解析：该句为第二条件句（虚拟语气），表示对现在或未来的假设。4.Thephrase"Thebook,whichwaspublishedin2020,ispopular"containsarelativeclause.答案√解析："whichwaspublishedin2020"为限定性定语从句，修饰"Thebook"。5.Thesentence"Theteachertoldthestudentstostudy"usesaninfinitivephraseasthesubject.答案×解析：主语为"theteacher"，"tostudy"为不定式短语作宾语补足语。6.Thepassivevoiceisalwaysmoreformalthantheactivevoice.答案×解析：两者形式正式程度取决于语境，无绝对优劣。7.Thesentence"Thereportwillbefinishedbytomorrow"usesafutureperfectparticiple.答案×解析："willbefinished"为被动语态一般将来时，非将来完成时。8.Thephrase"Itisnecessarythatyoushouldfollowtherules"isgrammaticallycorrect.答案√解析：正式语境中，"Itisnecessarythat..."后从句需用虚拟语气（"should+动词原形"）。9.Thesentence"Thebook,havingbeenwritten,becamefamous"containsaparticiplephrase.答案√解析："havingbeenwritten"为现在分词的完成被动式作状语。10.Thesecondconditionalisusedtodescriberealeventsinthepast.答案×解析：第二条件句用于描述与过去事实相反的假设，非真实事件。四、简答题（每题2分，共16分）1.ExplainthedifferencebetweenactivevoiceandpassivevoiceinUnit12.参考答案：Activevoiceemphasizesthedoeroftheaction(e.g.,"Theauthorwrotethebook").Passivevoicefocusesonthereceiveroftheaction(e.g.,"Thebookwaswrittenbytheauthor").Passivevoiceisusedwhenthedoerisunknown,unimportant,orobvious.Unit12emphasizesstructureslike"be+pastparticiple"(e.g.,"Theexperimentwasconducted").2.DescribethestructureofthesecondconditionalanditsusageinUnit12.参考答案：Thesecondconditionalis"If+pasttense,would+baseform"(e.g.,"IfIhadstudied,Iwouldpass").Itdescribeshypotheticalsituationsinthepresentorfuture.Unit12illustratesthiswithexampleslike"Ifthestudentsstudiedharder,theywouldpass."3.HowdoesUnit12explaintheuseof"Itisimportantto..."toexpressnecessity?参考答案：Unit12teachesthat"Itisimportantto..."usesamodalverb(e.g.,"tostudy")tosuggestobligation(e.g.,"Itisimportanttostudy").Thisismoreformalthan"Youmuststudy."Examplesinclude"Itisimportantforyoutofinishthetask."4.Whatgrammaticalstructureisusedin"Thebook,whichwaspublishedin2020,becameabestseller"?参考答案：Thesentencecontainsarelativeclause("whichwaspublishedin2020")modifying"Thebook."Theclauseprovidesadditionalinformationaboutthebook,using"which"astherelativepronoun.5.Explainwhy"should"isusedin"Youshouldstudyharder"inUnit12.参考答案："Should"isamodalverbinUnit12toexpressadviceorobligation(e.g.,"Youshouldstudyharder").Itismorepolitethan"must"andisusedinformalorinformalcontexts.6.HowdoesUnit12teachtheuseofpassivevoicewithfuturetimereferences?参考答案：Unit12explainsfuturepassivevoiceas"willbe+pastparticiple"(e.g.,"Thereportwillbefinishedbytomorrow").Thisstructureisusedtodescribeactionsthatwillhappeninthefuture,withfocusonthereceiveroftheaction.7.Whatisthefunctionof"havingbeenwritten"in"Thebook,havingbeenwritten,becamefamous"?参考答案："Havingbeenwritten"isapresentperfectpassiveparticiplephraseactingasanadverbial,indicatingthebookwaswrittenbeforethemainaction("becamefamous").Itaddstimecontextwithoutusingasubordinateclause.8.Whyis"Itisnecessarythateveryoneshouldfollowtherules"consideredformalinUnit12?参考答案：Thesentenceusestheformalstructure"Itisnecessarythat..."withvirtualmood("should+baseform").Thisispreferredinofficialoracademicwriting,unlikeinformalalternativeslike"Everyonemustfollowtherules."五、应用题（每题4分，共24分）1.Rewritethefollowingsentenceinpassivevoice:"Thecommitteewillreviewtheproposalnextweek."参考答案：Theproposalwillbereviewedbythecommitteenextweek.解析：将主动语态"willreview"改为被动语态"willbereviewed"，"bythecommittee"作施动者。2.Transformthesentence"Ifitrainedyesterday,wewouldhavegonetothepark"intothepasttense.参考答案：Ifithadrainedyesterday,wewouldhavegonetothepark.解析：保持第二条件句结构，将"rained"改为过去完成时"hadrained"，"wouldhavegone"保持不变。3.Rewritethefollowingsentenceusing"Itisimportantto...":"Youmustfinishthetasktoday."参考答案：Itisimportantforyoutofinishthetasktoday.解析：将情态动词"must"改为不定式结构，保持原意。4.Changethefollowingsentencetoactivevoice:"Theexperimentwasconductedbythestudents."参考答案：Thestudentsconductedtheexperiment.解析：将被动语态"wasconducted"改为主动语态"conducted"，主语"thestudents"作施动者。5.Rewritethefollowingsentenceusingarelativeclause:"Thebookispopular.Itwaspublishedin2020."参考答案：Thebook,whichwaspublishedin2020,ispopular.解析：将两个简单句合并，使用"which"引导限定性定语从句修饰"Thebook"。6.Transformthefollowingsentenceintoaformalrequestusing"Itisnecessarythat...":"Everyoneshouldfollowtheinstructions."参考答案：Itisnecessarythateveryonefollowstheinstructions.解析：使用正式结构"itisnecessarythat..."，从句动词用原形"follows"。标准答案及解析一、单项选择题1.B2.A3.B4.B5.B6.B7.A8.B9.A10.C二、填空题1.requires2.studied,wouldpass3.waswritten,became4.is,tofinish5.conducted,hasshown2.toreview7.willbefinished8.is,follows9.written,influenced10.had,wouldstudy三、判断题1.×2.×3.×4.√5.×6.×7.×8.√9.√10.×四、简答题1.Activevoiceemphasizesthedoer(e.g.,"Theauthorwrotethebook"),whilepassivevoicefocusesonthereceiver(e.g.,"Thebookwaswrittenbytheauthor").Passivevoiceisusedwhenthedoerisunknownorunimportant.Unit12teachesstructureslike"be+pastparticiple"(e.g.,"Theexperimentwasconducted").2.Thesecondconditionalis"If+pasttense,would+baseform"(e.g.,"IfIhadstudied,Iwouldpass").Itdescribeshypotheticalsituationsinthepresentorfuture.Unit12illustratesthiswithexampleslike"Ifthestudentsstudiedharder,theywouldpass."3.Unit12teachesthat"Itisimportantto..."usesamodalverb(e.g.,"tostudy")tosuggestobligation(e.g.,"Itisimportanttostudy").Thisismoreformalthan"Youmuststudy."Examplesinclude"Itisimportantforyouto