2026年浙江省部编版初中英语下册第5单元语法填空专项练习

2026年浙江省部编版初中英语下册第5单元语法填空专项练习一、单项选择题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Mr.Smithisinterestedincollectingstamps.Hespendsmostofhisfreetime______stampsfromallovertheworld.A.collectB.collectingC.tocollectD.collected参考答案：B解析：考查非谓语动词。句意为“史密斯先生对收集邮票很感兴趣。他花大部分空闲时间收集来自世界各地的邮票。”此处需用动名词形式作介词of的宾语，固定搭配为spendtimedoingsth.，故选B。2.Thelittlegirlwasso______thatshecouldn'tstopcryingwhenshesawthesadmovie.A.movingB.movedC.tomoveD.moves参考答案：A解析：考查形容词用法。句意为“这个小女孩看到悲伤的电影时哭得那么伤心，以至于忍不住哭了。”此处需用现在分词作表语，表示“令人感动的”，故选A。B为过去分词，表示“被感动的”；C为不定式，不符合句式；D为动词形式，错误。3.IfyouwanttoimproveyourEnglish,youshould______moreEnglishsongseveryday.A.listentoB.listeningtoC.tolistentoD.listenedto参考答案：A解析：考查虚拟语气。句意为“如果你想提高英语水平，你应该每天多听一些英文歌曲。”if引导的条件状语从句中，主句用shoulddo，从句用一般现在时，故选A。4.Mybrother______totheconcertlastnight,buthewastootiredtoenjoyit.A.goB.goesC.wentD.going参考答案：C解析：考查动词时态。句意为“我哥哥昨晚去音乐会了，但他太累了，没能享受它。”根据时间状语lastnight，需用一般过去时，故选C。5.Theteacheraskedthestudents______theyhadfinishedtheirhomework.A.ifB.thatC.whetherD.what参考答案：A解析：考查宾语从句。句意为“老师问学生们是否完成了作业。”asksb.if/whethersth.是固定结构，故选A。6.______hard,youwillsucceedintheend.A.WorkB.WorkingC.WorkedD.Towork参考答案：B解析：考查祈使句。句意为“努力工作，你最终会成功的。”祈使句直接用动词原形开头，此处省略了动词原形work，故选B。7.Theboyis______toswimintheriver,buthisparentsdon'tallowhim.A.enoughbraveB.braveenoughC.enoughbraveenoughD.braveso参考答案：B解析：考查形容词位置。句意为“这个男孩足够勇敢可以在河里游泳，但他的父母不允许他。”enough修饰形容词时需放在形容词后，故选B。8.Sheisthe______studentinourclasswhoalwayshelpsothers.A.friendlyB.friendlierC.mostfriendlyD.friendliest参考答案：D解析：考查形容词最高级。句意为“她是我们班最友善的学生，总是帮助别人。”此处需用最高级，且没有比较范围，故选D。9.Myfatheris______tocarrytheheavyboxbyhimself.A.toostrongB.toostrongforC.sostrongD.sostrongthat参考答案：B解析：考查too...to...结构。句意为“我父亲太强壮了，以至于能独自搬起重箱子。”too...to...表示“太...以至于不能...”，故选B。10.Thebookis______interestingthatIcan'tputitdown.A.soB.suchC.tooD.very参考答案：B解析：考查such...that...结构。句意为“这本书太有趣了，我放不下。”such修饰名词，that引导结果状语从句，故选B。二、填空题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Ifyou______(be)ontimetomorrow,youwillmissthetrain.参考答案：are解析：考查虚拟语气。if引导的条件状语从句中，主句用shoulddo，从句用一般现在时，故填are。2.Thegirl______(notgo)toschoolyesterdaybecauseshewassick.参考答案：didn’tgo解析：考查一般过去时。根据时间状语yesterday，需用一般过去时，否定形式为didn’t+动词原形，故填didn’tgo。3.Mybrotherisinterestedin______(collect)stamps.参考答案：collecting解析：考查动名词。beinterestedindoingsth.是固定搭配，故填collecting。4.Thestudentswereasked______(be)quietinthelibrary.参考答案：tobe解析：考查不定式。asksb.todosth.是固定结构，故填tobe。5.Ifit______(rain)tomorrow,wewillgotothepark.参考答案：doesn’train解析：考查虚拟语气。if引导的条件状语从句中，主句用shoulddo，从句用一般现在时，故填doesn’train。6.Sheisthe______(busy)studentinourclass.参考答案：busiest解析：考查形容词最高级。此处需用最高级，且没有比较范围，故填busiest。7.Myfatheris______(strong)thanmymother.参考答案：stronger解析：考查形容词比较级。than表示比较，故填stronger。8.Theboyis______(enough)oldtogotoschoolbyhimself.参考答案：oldenough解析：考查enough修饰形容词的位置。enough修饰形容词时需放在形容词后，故填oldenough。9.Thebookis______(interest)thatIwanttoreaditagain.参考答案：interesting解析：考查形容词。此处需用现在分词作定语，表示“有趣的”，故填interesting。10.Heis______(care)tohurtanyone'sfeelings.参考答案：toocareful解析：考查too...to...结构。too...to...表示“太...以至于不能...”，故填toocareful。三、判断题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Theteacheraskedthestudentsiftheyhadfinishedtheirhomework.(√)参考答案：正确解析：if引导宾语从句，从句用陈述语序，主句用一般现在时，符合语法规则。2.Sheisenoughbravetofacethedifficulty.(×)参考答案：错误解析：enough修饰形容词时需放在形容词后，应改为braveenough。3.Theboyistoostrongtocarrytheboxbyhimself.(√)参考答案：正确解析：too...to...结构表示“太...以至于不能...”，符合句意。4.IfIhaveenoughmoney,Iwilltravelaroundtheworld.(√)参考答案：正确解析：if引导条件状语从句，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时，符合虚拟语气规则。5.ThebookissointerestingthatIcan'tputitdown.(√)参考答案：正确解析：such...that...结构表示“如此...以至于...”，符合句意。6.Heisthemostfriendlystudentinourclass.(×)参考答案：错误解析：最高级前需加定冠词the，且friendly为形容词，应改为thefriendliest。7.Thegirlwasmovedtotearswhenshesawthesadmovie.(√)参考答案：正确解析：moved为过去分词作表语，表示“被感动的”，符合语法规则。8.Myfatherisstrongenoughtocarrytheheavybox.(√)参考答案：正确解析：enough修饰形容词时需放在形容词后，符合语法规则。9.Ifyouworkhard,youwillsucceed.(√)参考答案：正确解析：if引导条件状语从句，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时，符合虚拟语气规则。10.Thestudentswereaskednottobequietinthelibrary.(×)参考答案：错误解析：asksb.nottodosth.是固定结构，应改为nottobequiet。四、简答题（总共8题，每题2分，共16分）1.Whydoestheboycrywhenheseesthesadmovie?参考答案：Becausethemovieissomovingthatitmakeshimemotional.解析：考查形容词用法。moving表示“令人感动的”，故他哭了。2.WhatshouldyoudoifyouwanttoimproveyourEnglish?参考答案：YoushouldlistentomoreEnglishsongseveryday.解析：考查动名词。listentodoingsth.表示“听做某事”，故应多听英文歌曲。3.Howcanyoubesuccessfulinlife?参考答案：Youshouldworkhardandnevergiveup.解析：考查祈使句。祈使句直接用动词原形开头，故应努力工作，永不放弃。4.Whydoesn’tthegirlgotoschoolyesterday?参考答案：Becauseshewassick.解析：考查一般过去时。根据时间状语yesterday，她昨天生病了，故没去上学。5.Whatistheboyinterestedin?参考答案：Heisinterestedincollectingstamps.解析：考查介词+动名词。beinterestedindoingsth.表示“对做某事感兴趣”，故他感兴趣的是收集邮票。6.Whywastheboyaskedtobequietinthelibrary?参考答案：Becausethelibraryisaquietplaceandpeopleshouldbequietthere.解析：考查不定式作宾语。asksb.todosth.表示“要求某人做某事”，故他被要求保持安静。7.Whatwillhappenifitrainstomorrow?参考答案：Wewillnotgotothepark.解析：考查虚拟语气。if引导的条件状语从句中，主句用shoulddo，从句用一般现在时，故不下雨就不会去公园。8.Howoldistheboyenoughtogotoschoolbyhimself?参考答案：Heisoldenoughtogotoschoolbyhimself.解析：考查enough修饰形容词的位置。enough修饰形容词时需放在形容词后，故他足够大了可以独自上学。五、应用题（总共8题，每题4分，共24分）1.Supposeyouareastudent.Writeashortpassage(about80words)abouthowyouimproveyourEnglish.参考答案：Iamastudent.ToimprovemyEnglish,IlistentoEnglishsongseveryday.IalsoreadEnglishbooksandwatchEnglishmovies.Inaddition,IpracticespeakingEnglishwithmyfriends.IfIhaveanyquestions,Iaskmyteacherforhelp.Ibelievethatwithhardwork,myEnglishwillbecomebetterandbetter.解析：考查动名词。listentodoingsth.表示“听做某事”，readEnglishbooks表示“读英文书”，practicespeakingEnglish表示“练习说英语”，符合提高英语的方法。2.Imagineyouareateacher.Writeashortpassage(about80words)abouthowyouhelpstudentswiththeirstudies.参考答案：Iamateacher.Ihelpstudentswiththeirstudiesinmanyways.Iexplainthedifficultlessonsclearlyandpatiently.Ialsogivethemextrahomeworktopractice.Iftheyhaveproblems,Iamalwaysreadytohelpthem.Ibelievethatwithmyhelp,theycanmakeprogressintheirstudies.解析：考查不定式作宾语。explainthedifficultlessonsclearlyandpatiently表示“清晰地耐心地解释难点”，givethemextrahomeworktopractice表示“给他们额外的作业练习”，符合帮助学生的方法。3.Supposeyouareastudent.Writeashortpassage(about80words)aboutyourhobby.参考答案：Myhobbyiscollectingstamps.Icollectstampsfromallovertheworld.EverytimeIgetanewstamp,Ifeelveryhappy.Ialsolearnalotofknowledgefromstamps,suchasthehistoryandcultureofdifferentcountries.Ibelievethatcollectingstampsisameaningfulhobby.解析：考查动名词。collectingstamps表示“收集邮票”，learnalotofknowledgefromstamps表示“从邮票中学习很多知识”，符合收集邮票的爱好。4.Imagineyouareastudent.Writeashortpassage(about80words)aboutyourdreamjob.参考答案：Mydreamjobistobeateacher.IwanttoteachEnglishtostudents.Ibelievethatteachingisameaningfuljobbecauseitcanhelpstudentslearnknowledgeandbecomebetterpeople.Toachievemydream,IwillstudyhardandimprovemyEnglishskills.IamsurethatIcanrealizemydreaminthefuture.解析：考查不定式作宾语。teachEnglishtostudents表示“教学生英语”，improvemyEnglishskills表示“提高我的英语技能”，符合成为教师的梦想。5.Supposeyouareastudent.Writeashortpassage(about80words)abouthowyouspendyourweekend.参考答案：Iusuallyspendmyweekendinmanyways.Ioftenreadbooks,watchmovies,andplaywithmyfriends.SometimesIalsohelpmyparentswithhousework.Ibelievethatahappyweekendcanmakemerelaxedandenergetic.Iwillalwayscherishmyweekendtime.解析：考查动名词。readbooks表示“读书”，watchmovies表示“看电影”，playwithmyfriends表示“和朋友玩”，符合周末的安排。6.Imagineyouareastudent.Writeashortpassage(about80words)aboutamemorabletrip.参考答案：Lastsummer,Iwenttothebeachwithmyfamily.Itwasasunnydayandtheseawasbeautiful.Weswam,playedonthesand,andbuiltsandcastles.Ialsoatedeliciousseafood.ItwasamemorabletripandIwillneverforgetit.解析：考查动名词。swim表示“游泳”，playonthesand表示“在沙滩上玩”，buildsandcastles表示“堆沙堡”，符合海滩之旅的描述。7.Supposeyouareastudent.Writeashortpassage(about80words)abouthowyoustayhealthy.参考答案：Tostayhealthy,Idomanythings.Ieathealthyfoodeveryday,suchasvegetablesandfruits.Ialsoexerciseeverymorning,suchasrunningandjumping.Inaddition,Isleepwelleverynight.Ibelievethatahealthylifestylecanmakemestrongandenergetic.Iwillalwaysfollowthesehabits.解析：考查动名词。eathealthyfood表示“吃健康食物”，exerciseeverymorning表示“每天早上锻炼”，sleepwelleverynight表示“每晚睡得好”，符合保持健康的方法。8.Imagineyouareastudent.Writeashortpassage(about80words)aboutyourfavoritebook.参考答案：Myfavoritebookis"HarryPotterandtheSorcerer'sStone".ItisamagicalstoryaboutaboynamedHarrywhogoestoaschoolforwizards.Ilikethisbookbecauseitisexcitingandinteresting.Ialsolearnalotofknowledgefromthisbook,suchasmagicandadventure.Iwillalwayscherishthisbook.解析：考查动名词。readabook表示“读书”，learnalotofknowledgefromabook表示“从书中学习很多知识”，符合对书籍的喜爱。【标准答案及解析】一、单项选择题1.B2.A3.A4.C5.A6.B7.B8.D9.B10.B解析：考查非谓语动词、形容词用法、虚拟语气、动词时态、宾语从句、祈使句、形容词比较级/最高级、too...to...结构、such...that...结构。需根据句意和语法规则选择正确选项。二、填空题1.are2.didn’tgo3.collecting4.tobe5.doesn’train6.busiest7.stronger8.oldenough9.interesting10.careful解析：考查虚拟语气、一般过去时、动名词、不定式、动词时态、形容词最高级、形容词比较级、enough修饰形容词的位置、现在分词作定语、too...to...结构。三、判断题1.√2.×3.√4.√5.√6.×7.√8.√9.√10.×解析：考查宾语从句、enough修饰形容词的位置、too...to...结构、虚拟语气、形容词最高级、形容词比较级、现在分词作表语、enough修饰形容词的位置、such...that...结构、asksb.nottodosth.。四、简答题1.Becausethemovieissomovingthatitmakeshimemotional.2.YoushouldlistentomoreEnglishsongseveryday.3.Youshouldworkhardandnevergiveup.4.Becauseshewassick.5.Heisinterestedincollectingstamps.6.Becausethelibraryisaquietplaceandpeopleshouldbequietthere.7.Wewillnotgotothepark.8.Heisoldenoughtogotoschoolbyhimself.解析：考查形容词用法、动名词、祈使句、一般过去时、介词+动名词、不定式作宾语、虚拟语气、enough修饰形容词的位置。五、应用题1.Iamastudent.ToimprovemyEnglish,IlistentoEnglishsongseveryday.IalsoreadEnglishbooksandwatchEnglishmovies.Inaddition,IpracticespeakingEnglishwithmyfriends.IfIhaveanyquestions,Iaskmyteacherforhelp.Ibelievethatwithhardwork,myEnglishwillbecomebetterandbetter.2.Iamateacher.Ihelpstudentswiththeirstudiesinmanyways.Iexplainthedifficultlessonsclearlyandpatiently.Ialsogivethemextrahomeworktopractice.Iftheyhaveproblems,Iamalwaysreadytohelpthem.Ibelievethatwithmyhelp,theycanmakeprogressintheirstudies.3.Myhobbyiscollectingstamps.Icollectstampsfromallovertheworld.EverytimeIgetanewstamp,Ifeelveryhappy.Ialsolearnalotofknowledgefromstamps,suchasthehistoryandcultureofdifferentcountries.Ibelievethatcollectingstampsisameaningfulhobby.4.Mydreamjobistobeateacher.IwanttoteachEnglishtostudents.Ibelievethatteachingisameaningfuljobbecauseitcanhelpstudentslearnknowledgeandbecomebetterpeople.