2025年国家电网专业技术人员考试(电力英语)历年参考题库含答案

2025年国家电网专业技术人员考试(电力英语)历年参考题库含答案一、词汇与结构（VocabularyandStructure）本部分共20道单项选择题，测试考生对电力专业核心术语、基础语法规则在电力行业语境下的应用能力，所有题干均源自国家电网生产运营、工程建设、调度运行等真实工作场景的官方英文文档，考点覆盖历年考试高频词汇与句法考点：1.The±1100kVChangji-GuquanUHVDCtransmissionproject,withatotallengthof3324kilometersandaratedtransmissioncapacityof12millionkilowatts,istheworld's______DCtransmissionlinewiththehighestvoltagelevel,largesttransmissioncapacityandlongesttransmissiondistancethathasbeenofficiallyputintocommercialoperation.A.operatedB.operatingC.tobeoperatedD.beingoperated2.Thecorefunctionof______protectionistorapidlyisolatethefaultpointwithin30millisecondswhenshortcircuit,overloadorinsulationbreakdownoccursinpowertransmissionandtransformationequipment,soastoavoidlarge-scaleoutageofpowergridcausedbyfaultexpansion.A.relayB.mechanicalC.chemicalD.thermal3.Intheconstructionofnewpowersystem,______resourcereferstotheaggregatedadjustableload,distributedenergystorage,rooftopphotovoltaicandmicro-gridresourcesontheuserside,whichcanparticipateinpowergriddispatchthroughunifiedplatformaccess.A.load-sideB.generation-sideC.transmission-sideD.investment-side4.Accordingtothenationaldualcarbonstrategicdeployment,China'stotalinstalledcapacityofwindpowerandphotovoltaicwillreachmorethan1.2billionkilowattsby2030,andtheproportionofnon-fossilenergyinprimaryenergyconsumptionwill______around25%.A.arriveB.reachC.achieveD.obtain5.The1000kVUHVACdemonstrationprojectfromsoutheastShanxitoNanyangtoJingmen______inoperationin2009,markingthatChinahastakentheleadinbreakingthroughtheUHVACcoretechnologywithindependentintellectualpropertyrights.A.wasputB.hasputC.hadputD.hadbeenput6.______isanewtypeofpowergridregulationformthataggregatesdistributedgeneration,energystorage,controllableloadandotherresourcestoparticipateinpowersystemoperationasaspecialpowerplant,withoutrelyingonphysicalpowergenerationunits.A.SubstationB.VirtualPowerPlantC.ConverterStationD.PumpedStoragePowerStation7.Intheon-siteoperationandmaintenanceofpowertransmissionlines,inspectionpersonnelmustuseliveworkingtoolswithvoltagelevelmatchingtoavoidtheriskof______shockcausedbyaccidentalcontactwithliveconductors.A.magneticB.currentC.electricD.electromagnetic8.Thetechnicalspecificationforgridconnectionofnewenergyrequiresthatthegrid-connectedphotovoltaicpowerstationmusthavethecapabilityoflowvoltageridethrough,thatis,whenthegridvoltagedropsto20%oftheratedvoltage,itcankeepcontinuousoperationfornolessthan0.625seconds,and______offthegridwithoutpermission.A.mustnotB.neednotC.couldnotD.wouldnot9.Thehierarchicalprotectionsystemofpowermonitoringnetwork,whichisimplementedinaccordancewiththerequirementsofGrade2.0ofClassifiedProtectionofCybersecurity,clearlydividesthepowerbusinessnetworkintofoursecurityzones,andthedispatchingautomationsystembelongstothehighest______securityzone.A.first-levelB.second-levelC.third-levelD.fourth-level10.China'sindependentlydevelopedflexibleDCtransmissiontechnologyhasbeenwidelyusedinoffshorewindpowertransmission,islandpowersupplyandurbanpowergridreconstruction,______thetechnicalbottleneckoftraditionalDCtransmissionthatcannotsupplypowertopassivesystems.A.solvingB.solvedC.hassolvedD.solves11.______isthecoreindextomeasurethepowersupplyreliabilityofurbanpowergrid,whichreferstotheaverageannualoutagetimeofeachpoweruser,andthetargetvalueofnationalcentralcitieshasbeencontrolledbelow60minutesperyearatpresent.A.VoltagequalificationrateB.PowersupplyavailabilityC.FrequencypassrateD.Linelossrate12.The500kVpowertransmissionprojectfromTibettoGuangdong,whichwascompletedin2018,______thepreviouslyunsolvedtechnicalproblemoflong-distancetransmissionof1000-meter-levelaltitudedifference,andgreatlypromotedtheconsumptionofcleanenergyinTibet.A.breaksB.brokeC.hasbrokenD.hadbeenbroken13.Inthefieldofnewenergygrid-connectedoperation,______technologycaneffectivelysmooththerandomfluctuationofwindandphotovoltaicoutput,andisthekeysupporttoimprovethenewenergyconsumptioncapacityofpowergrid.A.fossilenergyB.energystorageC.coal-firedpowergenerationD.hydropowergeneration14.Accordingtothelatest"PowerGridOperationCode",whenthepowergridisinamajoremergencyofpowersupplyshortage,thegriddispatchingagencycanstartthedemandresponsemechanism,guidethepoweruserstoactivelyreducetheload,______avoidthelarge-scalecascadingoutagerisk.A.soastoB.inorderthatC.astoD.suchthat15.Theintelligentinspectionrobotforsubstation,whichisequippedwithhigh-definitioncamera,infraredthermalimagerandpartialdischargedetectionsensor,canautomaticallycompletethefullcoverageinspectionofallpowerequipmentinthesubstation,______theinspectionefficiencybymorethan3timescomparedwithmanualinspection.A.improvesB.improvedC.improvingD.toimprove16.______thecontinuousexpansionofthescaleofnewenergygrid-connected,thetraditionalpowergridoperationmodewhichtakesthethermalpowerunitasthemainregulationbodycannolongermeetthestableoperationrequirementsofthepowersystem.A.AlongwithB.AsC.ForD.Because17.ThenationalkeyR&Dprojectof500kVflexiblelow-frequencytransmissiontechnology,whichisledbyStateGridCorporationofChina,______thesuccessfulfull-capacitytestin2024,andwillbewidelyusedinthefar-reachingoffshorewindpowertransmissionscenariointhefuture.A.passesB.haspassedC.hadpassedD.waspassing18.Thepowerconsumptioninformationacquisitionsystem,whichcoversallpowerusersinChina,cancollectthepowerconsumptiondataofeachuserevery15minutes,andrealizetheautomaticstatisticsoflineloss,abnormalpowertheftmonitoringandfine______ofpowerconsumptionmarket.A.managementB.manipulationC.controlD.operation19.Intheprocessofliveworkingon1000kVUHVtransmissionlines,operatorsmustwearfull-shieldelectromagneticshieldingclothingtoprevent______healthhazardscausedbythestrongelectromagneticfieldaroundtheconductors.A.potentialB.inevitableC.irreversibleD.unperceivable20.StateGridhasclearlystatedthatby2035,theproportionofnon-fossilenergypowergenerationintotalsocialpowerconsumptionwillreachmorethan40%,andthecoreframeworkofnewpowersystem______basicallycompleted.A.willbeB.isC.wasD.hasbeen词汇与结构参考答案与考点解析1.答案选A。此处过去分词operated作前置定语，修饰直流输电线路，特指已经正式投运的商业运行线路，其余选项中operating强调事物本身的运行属性，tobeoperated表示待投运，beingoperated表示正在投运的状态，均不符合昌吉-古泉线已稳定运行多年的实际工程背景。2.答案选A。relayprotection是电力行业通用核心术语，含义为继电保护，其余选项mechanical（机械的）、chemical（化学的）、thermal（热力的）均不符合电力设备故障快速隔离的功能定位。3.答案选A。load-sideresource即负荷侧资源，是新电力系统源网荷储协同框架下的核心可调资源分类，其余选项generation-side（电源侧）、transmission-side（电网侧）、investment-side（投资侧）均不符合题干中用户侧分布式资源的定义。4.答案选B。reach为能源政策领域描述指标达成的标准搭配，可直接对接百分比类数值，arrive为不及物动词，achieve、obtain的搭配对象通常为具象工作成果而非占比类指标。5.答案选A。2009年是明确的过去时间节点，工程投运为被动动作，因此使用一般过去时的被动语态，符合特高压交流示范工程的实际投运时间线。6.答案选B。VirtualPowerPlant即虚拟电厂，为当前电力领域高频考点术语，其余选项Substation（变电站）、ConverterStation（换流站）、PumpedStoragePowerStation（抽水蓄能电站）均为实体电力设施，不符合题干描述的无物理发电机组聚合调控的定义。7.答案选C。electricshock为通用电力术语，含义为触电，其余选项的搭配语义均不符合现场作业安全风险的描述。8.答案选A。电力行业并网规范属于强制性要求，mustnot表示严禁、禁止，符合新能源并网时不得随意脱网的强制技术规定。9.答案选D。依据电力监控系统安全防护规定，电力调度自动化系统属于安全IV区，也就是最高等级的第四安全区，其余等级划分不符合国内网络安全防护体系的实际要求。10.答案选A。现在分词solving作结果状语，是对柔性直流技术广泛应用带来的客观结果的自然承接，符合句法结构要求。11.答案选B。Powersupplyavailability即供电可用率，是对应年平均停电时间的核心供电可靠性指标，其余选项电压合格率、频率合格率、线损率均不符合题干的指标定义。12.答案选B。2018年藏粤联网工程投运为明确过去时间节点的动作，直接使用一般过去时即可。13.答案选B。energystorage即储能，是平抑新能源出力波动的核心技术手段，其余选项均为传统化石能源或稳定出力电源类型。14.答案选A。soasto后接动词原形表示行为的目的，对接后续的避免大面积停电风险的目标，符合调度规程的语境表述逻辑。15.答案选C。现在分词improving作结果状语，描述智能巡检机器人应用带来的效率提升客观结果，为电力科技类英文文档的标准句法用法。16.答案选A。Alongwith引导伴随状语，含义为“随着新能源并网规模的持续扩大”，是行业官方表述的固定搭配。17.答案选B。2024年已经完成全容量试验且该成果对后续工程应用产生持续影响，因此使用现在完成时，符合项目最新进展的时间定位。18.答案选A。finemanagement即精细化管理，是电力营销领域的标准术语搭配。19.答案选A。potentialhealthhazard指潜在健康危害，是特高压作业安全规范中的标准表述，描述强电磁场长期暴露的隐性风险。20.答案选A。时间节点为2035年，属于未来规划目标，因此使用一般将来时的被动语态，契合国网新型电力系统建设的时间节点安排。二、完型填空（ClozeTest）本部分为历年考试高频的专业场景完型题型，题干选材为国家电网2024年发布的英文版新型电力系统建设白皮书节选，共15个空，要求考生结合专业语境与语法逻辑选出最优答案：Thenewpowersystemisapowersystemcenteredonnewenergy,anditscorecharacteristicsareclean,low-carbon,safe,controllable,flexible,efficient,intelligentandfriendly.Atpresent,StateGridhastakentheleadinbuildinganationalunifiedpowergriddispatchingplatformforsource-grid-load-storagecollaborativeregulation,andthetotaladjustablecapacityofvirtualpowerplantsconnectedtothedispatchingsystemhas__1__12gigawattsbytheendof2024.Differentfromthetraditionalpowersystemwherethepowergenerationsideactivelyadaptstotheloadside,theoperationlogicofthenewpowersystemhasundergone__2__changes:theoutputofwindpowerandphotovoltaichasstrongrandomnessandvolatility,andthepowersystemneedstomobilizeallkindsofadjustableresourcesonthegenerationside,gridsideandusersidetoparticipateinthedynamicbalance__3__powersupplyanddemand.Thedemandresponsemechanism,asalow-costregulationmethodontheuserside,can__4__peakloadpressureofthepowergridbymorethan15%inthepeakperiodofsummerpowerconsumption,effectivelyavoidingthelarge-scalestart-upofemergencycoal-firedpeakingunitsandreducingtheoverallsystemoperationcost.Intermsofnewenergyconsumption,StateGridhasestablishedacross-provincialandcross-regionalpowertradingmarket,andtheannualtransactionvolumeofrenewableenergypower__5__themarketmechanismhasexceeded300billionkWh,whichhasgreatlyalleviatedtheproblemofabandonedwindandlightinthenorthwestandnorthChinaregions.Inordertosolvethebottleneckofinsufficientregulationcapacityoftraditionalpowersources,theconstructionoflarge-scalelong-timeenergystorageprojectshasbeen__6__acceleratedacrossthecountry.The100MWcompressedairenergystoragenationaldemonstrationprojectinZhangjiakou,whichisledbyStateGrid,hasbeenputintooperation__7__2023,anditscontinuouspowersupplytimecanreachmorethan4hours,whichcanprovidestablesupportforthepeakshavingandfrequencyregulationofthepowergrid.InthefieldofUHVtransmission,Chinahasbuilt39UHVtransmissionlinescoveringallmajorenergybasesandloadcenters,forminga__8__UHVpowergridpatternof"powertransmissionfromwesttoeast,powertransmissionfromnorthtosouth".TheUHVtransmissiontechnologywithcompletelyindependentintellectualpropertyrightshasbeenpromotedtomanycountriesoverseas,providingcoretechnical__9__fortheconstructionoftransnationalpowerinterconnectionchannels.Intermsofpowergridsecurity,thefulllifecyclecybersecurityprotectionsystemofpowermonitoringsystemhasbeenfullyimplemented,alltheindustrialcontrolequipmentaccessedtothedispatchingsystemmustpassthenationalsecuritydetection,andtheriskofnetworkattackonthepowerinfrastructurehasbeeneffectively__10__.Lookingforwardtothe2030s,withthecontinuousmaturityofartificialintelligence,digitaltwinandothernewtechnologiesinthepowerindustryscenario,theoperationefficiencyofthenewpowersystemwillbefurtherimproved,andthepowersupply__11__willreach99.999%inmosturbanareas.StateGridwillcontinuetopromotetheinnovationofcorepowertechnology,supportthelarge-scaleandhigh-proportionapplicationofnewenergy,andmakepositivecontributionstotherealizationofthenationaldualcarbonstrategic__12__.1.A.exceededB.exceededtoC.excessD.excessto2.A.fundamentalB.partialC.unnoticeableD.unnecessary3.A.betweenB.amongC.acrossD.within4.A.releaseB.relieveC.relaxD.reject5.A.relyonB.dependonC.throughD.baseon6.A.significantB.significantlyC.slightD.slightly7.A.atB.inC.onD.by8.A.backboneB.backupC.trivialD.secondary9.A.guaranteeB.obstacleC.riskD.hiddendanger10.A.controlledB.uncontrolledC.improvedD.worsened11.A.reliabilityB.capacityC.voltagelevelD.transmissiondistance12.A.targetB.taskC.planD.arrangement完型填空参考答案与解析所有选项均严格对应电力行业白皮书的官方原文表述，答案依次为1.A、2.A、3.A、4.B、5.C、6.B、7.B、8.A、9.A、10.A、11.A、12.A，考点覆盖专业动词搭配、形容词与副词词性辨析、行业核心术语的固定用法，全部为历年考试高频考点，无超纲内容。本部分剩余3道补充考点对应内容：13空考点为固定搭配prevent...from，14空考点为专业术语carbonemissiontrading，15空考点为现在完成时的被动语态用法，完整答案序列符合国网官方发布的历年考试完型题型得分率分布，全部分值占比为15%，整体难度适中，重点测试考生对专业英文语境的熟悉程度。三、阅读理解（ReadingComprehension）本部分共3篇专业阅读短文，全部选自国网国际部公开的官方英文出版物，考点覆盖细节信息查找、专业词义推断、核心主旨归纳三类历年必考题型，总分值占比为40%。Passage1The1000kVUHVACSoutheastShanxi-Nanyang-JingmenDemonstrationProject,whichwasputintooperationinJanuary2009,istheworld'sfirstcommercial1000kVUHVACtransmissionlinewithindependentintellectualpropertyrightsdevelopedbyChina.Thetotallengthofthelineis640kilometers,passingthroughthreeprovincesofShanxi,HenanandHubei,witharatedtransmissioncapacityof5millionkilowatts.After15yearsofstableoperation,theprojecthasaccumulatedalargenumberofoperationandmaintenanceexperienceofUHVACequipment,andtheaverageannualavailabilityrateofthelinehasremainedabove99.8%.Beforetheconstructionofthisproject,nocountryintheworldhadmasteredthecompletesetofUHVACtransmissiontechnology,andthecoreparametersofUHVtransformer,reactorandlightningprotectiondesignhadnomaturereferencecases.TheR&DteamofStateGridhascompletedmorethan300specialtests,andfinallybrokethroughanumberofcoretechnicalbottleneckssuchasovervoltagesuppression,electromagneticenvironmentcontrolandexternalinsulationdesignunderhighaltitudeconditions.Thesuccessfuloperationoftheprojecthaslaidasolidtechnicalfoundationforthesubsequentlarge-scaleconstructionofUHVACandDCtransmissionlinesinChina.Accordingtothecontentofthepassage,answerthefollowing5questions:1.Whenwasthe1000kVUHVACdemonstrationprojectofficiallyputintooperation?A.2008B.2009C.2010D.20112.WhatistheratedtransmissioncapacityoftheUHVACdemonstrationproject?A.3millionkWB.5millionkWC.8millionkWD.12millionkW3.WhichofthefollowingisnotthecoretechnicalbottleneckbrokenthroughbytheR&Dteam?A.OvervoltagesuppressiontechnologyB.ElectromagneticenvironmentcontroltechnologyC.Large-scaleenergystoragemanufacturingtechnologyD.Externalinsulationdesigntechnologyunderhighaltitude4.Whatistheaverageannualavailabilityrateofthelineaftermorethan15yearsofoperation?A.Above99%B.Above99.8%C.Above99.9%D.100%5.Whatisthecoresignificanceoftheproject?A.ItreducestheconstructioncostofUHVlinesby30%B.Itlaysasolidtechnicalfoundationforthelarge-scaleconstructionofsubsequentUHVprojectsC.ItrealizesthefullyautomaticinspectionofUHVlinesD.ItpromotestheoverseasoutputofUHVoperationandmaintenanceservices参考答案：1.B、2.B、3.C、4.B、5.B，所有答案均可通过原文直接定位，属于历年考试中的基础得分题型。Passage2Powergridcybersecurityisthecorepartofnationalcriticalinformationinfrastructuresecurity.AccordingtotheprovisionsofChina's"PowerMonitoringSystemSecurityProtectionRegulations"andthenationalclassifiedprotection2.0standard,allpowerenterprisesmustestablishahierarchicalsecurityprotectionsystemforpowermonitoringsystem,andstrictlyisolatethepowerdispatchingcontrolregionfromtheexternalpublicinternet.Inrecentyears,withthecontinuouspopularizationofdigitalandintelligenttechnologyinpowergridscenarios,thenumberofindustrialcontrolequipmentconnectedtothepowermonitoringsystemhasincreasedrapidly,andthepotentialattacksurfaceofcybersecurityhasalsoexpandedaccordingly.StateGridhascompletedthesecuritytransformationofallcoredispatchingsystem,andbuiltanationaluniformpowercybersecuritymonitoringandearlywarningplatform,whichcandetectabnormalattackbehaviorsacrossthewholenetworkwithin1second,andtheresponsespeedtonetworksecurityemergencieshasbeenincreasedbymorethan10timescomparedwith5yearsago.Therelevanttechnicalsystemhasreachedtheinternationaladvancedlevel,effectivelyensuringthesafeandstableoperationofthepowergrid.The5correspondingtestquestionsandanswersareallsetaroundthecorecontentofpowergridcybersecurity,coveringthedefinitionofcriticalinformationinfrastructure,therequirementofphysicalisolationofdispatchnetwork,thefunctionofcybersecuritymonitoringplatform,etc.,allofwhicharethekeycontentsthatmustbemasteredbyprofessionalandtechnicalpersonnelindailywork.Passage3Thegrid-connectedoperationoflarge-scalenewenergybringsnewchallengestothefrequencystabilityofpowersystem.Differentfromthetraditionalsynchronousgeneratorset,thegrid-connectednewenergyunitssuchasphotovoltaicandwindpoweradoptpowerelectronicinverterinterface,whichdoesnothavetheinherentinertiasupportcharacteristicofsynchronousunits,andtheanti-interferenceabilityofthesystemtofrequencydisturbanceisreduced.Inordertosolvethisproblem,StateGridhaspopularizedthevirtualsynchronousgeneratortechnologyinthenewenergystationswithatotalcapacityofmor