Unit 1 Science and scientists 词汇练习巩固-2022-2023学年高二上学期英语人教版2019选择性必修第二册

Unit1Scienceandscientists——词汇练习巩固教材回顾1．Snowsuspectedthatthewaterpumpwas______________(blame)．2．StephenHawkingwasoneofthemostfamousand____________(gift)scientistsinphysics.3．Aboveall,Hawkingwaswillingtoadmithis__________(fault).Thisoddcombinationofcharacteristicshadmadehimoneofthegreatest___________(think)ofthe20thand21stcenturies.4．UnderQian's____________(leader),ChinadevelopedtheDongfengmissiles,____________(follow)bythefirstgenerationofLongMarchrockets.5．Asagraduate_______________(assist)attheCaliforniaInstituteofTechnologyduringthe1930s,Qianhelpedconductimportantresearchintorocketpropulsion,andinthe1940s,heandseveralotherpeople____________(found)theJetPropulsionLaboratory,nowoneofNASA's_____________(lead)space­explorationcentres.高考这样考1．(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)“SodoI，”saidHarry.“Wereallyshoulddosomething__________(assist)them.”2．(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)Whateveritis,theresultisafineandvividdescriptionofthe__________(pure)ofCentralAsiantraditions.3．(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)InSamarkand,MrBisselladmiresthearchitecturalwonders,whileonhiswaytoBukharahegetsatasteofpolicemethodswhen___________(suspect)ofdrugdealing.4．(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)AfterthatI___________(pour)oilintoapanandturnedonthestove,Iwaitedpatientlyuntiltheoilwashot.5．(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)Thefurtradekeptnutriaincheckfordecades,butwhenthemarketfornutriacollapsedinthelate1980s,thecat­sizedanimals____________(multiply)likecrazy.三、语篇强化训练____________(science)worldwidehaveblamedhumans___________puttingtheearthatriskofextinction.Theyhavealwaysblamedthedisappearanceofforestsandlakes________humans’activitieslikecuttingdowntrees,pouringwaste_______theriversandexpandinglands.Theyallholdastrong_________(believe)thathumansare____________(blame)fortheoccurrencesofextremeweather.Onlywhenwetake______blameforouractioncantheclimatecrisis___________(handle)effectively.Computers______________(transform)nearlyeveryaspectofourlivessincetheir_____________(invent).Theyhavealsotransformedtheearth________aso-calledglobalvillage_________everyoneandeverythingintheworldcanbeconnectedwithinseconds.Forexample,withonlyaquickclick,wecancompletethe____________(subscribe)toanynewsaccountorchannelweprefer;bymakinga____________(reserve)online,acar_________(machine)willbecalledatyourservice.Thanks_______theadvancesmadeintechnology,computersaremadesmallerand__________(light).Theyaremore__________(assist)thantoolstous.AccordingtotheInternetSecurityLaw,anyone_________(suspect)ofspreadingmisinformationwillfacesevere___________(punish).Therefore,beforehavingtheinformationwecomeacross__________(prove)true,weshouldn’tshareitpubliclyonline.Whatismore,ifyoususpect______someone_________(deliberate)spreadsrumorstocausepanic,itisyourduty___________(report)himtothepolice.Haidilao,a_________(lead)hotpotrestaurantinChina,hasseenitschainstoresacrossthecountry_________(close)duetothepandemic.Itisreportedthatthenumberofitsstoreshasdecreasedfromabout1500________1200,withtotalincomedecreasing_______20%.ZhangYong,theCEOincharge_________thebusinessempire,hasbeenawareofthedramaticloss________(link)tonotonlythepandemicbutalsoitsmanagement.Asthe___________(lead)ofHaidilao,Zhang,distinguishedforhisstrong_____________(lead),decidedtoshutup300storestohelpthecompanydevelop________(steady).Thoughthesymptomsofthosepeople___________(infect)withOmicron(奥密克戎)aremilderthanthoseofDelta(德尔达),itisbelievedthatOmicronis4.2times_____________(infect)thanthelatteronewithfaster___________(transmit).________(find)fromcaseshaveshownthatpeoplewithlowerimmunity(免疫力)areatagreaterriskofsufferingfroman__________(infect),whichactsasa___________(contradict)tothecommonbeliefthatitisjusta“bigflu”.Everyonehashisownvalueintheworldwhateverheis._________(astronomy)findtheirvalueindiscoveringasmanystarsandplanetsastheycan;great___________(think)guidepeoplewiththeirbrilliantideasand_________(concept)whilesoldiersservewithheartandsoultodefendtheircountry__________attack.______general,one’svalueisnotmeasuredbywhoheisbutby_______hehasdone.When_____comestotheuniverse,thereisacommonbeliefthatitsorigincan_________(trace)backto14billionyearsagobasedon_______isknownastheBigBangTheorythatGeorgesLematrecameup_______in1927.Hebelievedallmattersformedaftertheexplosionoftheuniverse.Histheoryhas____greatimpactonscientists’____________(understand)ofhowtheuniverseexistedandcomesdown_______generationsaftergenerationsofscientists.Whencoming________puzzlesandmysteriesrelatedtotheuniverse,theyhavedrawnsomeinspirationfromthistheory.Losingthecarmeantlosingeverythingtohim.Hewon’thavethethiefgettingaway______hiscar.__________(frustrate)ashewas,hegotdownto________(search)forit,convincedthathewouldget_______thishardtime.四、语篇填空Asmanypeopleputit,Internetisadouble-edgedsword_________(bring)concretebenefitsaswellasdrawbacks.Ontheonehand,everyaspectofourliveshasexperiencedasubstantial___________(transform),rangingfromthewaywerenewa__________(subscribe),thetoolsweuse________(handle)ourworktotheapproachtogaininginformation,allof_________proveitbeneficialtous;ontheotherhand,agreatnumberofpeopleblameit_______itsharmfulimpactonteenagersphysicallyand___________(mental).Forinstance,it__________(decrease)teenagers’dailycommunicationwithparentssinceitcametotheirhomes,thusleadingtomisunderstandingamong_______(they).Negativefeelingslikedepression,anxietyand_______(frustrate)arealsolinkedtotheaddictiontoit.However,inthiseraoftechnology,noonecansparehimselffromtheinfluenceofInternet.Sotheonlywaytogetusawayfromitsharmistoraiseourawareness.五、翻译——用本单位词汇、短语、句型翻译下列句子由于扶贫政策（thepolicyofpovertyalleviation）的实施，中国农村近些年来发生了显著的变化。比如，狭窄的道路变得宽阔干净了，高楼取代了瓦房（tile-roofedhouses）。赛龙舟（DragonBoatRace）是南方人举办来庆祝端午节的重要活动之一，其起源可以追溯到(tracesth.backto...)战国时代（theWarringStates）。令人震惊的是，中国的天然湖泊在不断地减少（decrease）。每年平均有20个湖泊消失。自从《英语站》（EnglishStation）的创立，我就一直在订阅它。在所有的栏目里，其中最吸引我的是它的风趣幽默的英语故事，在我失落沮丧时使我振作起来。由3位中国宇航员所讲授的太空课程（spacelectures）不仅使得全国的学生更好地了解了宇宙的奥秘，增长了见识，而且激发了他们对太空探索的兴趣，并鼓励他们为之努力奋斗。不要因为犯了一个小小的错而过度地责备自己，这样只会损害你的信心、阻碍你的努力、毁了你的前途。就在那时，我看到MrsJane向我投以（caststhatsb.）温暖的微笑及鼓励的眼神。它们就像一团熊熊燃烧的火焰，照亮了（light）我前进的路，点燃了(awake/ignite)我心中快要熄灭的希望。当谈论到家庭价值观（familyvalues）时,尊老爱幼这一传统美德一直深受中国家庭重视，也代代（generationsaftergenerations）相传着。它也是维系和谐家庭关系的重要纽带（link）。孔子（Confucius）是中国古代著名的思想家、教育家及哲学家（philosopher）,其许多关于教育、生活、品德等思想和理论能够净化（purify）我们的心灵、引导我们培养好的性格。尽管我所有的尝试都失败了，我还是很愿意继续训练，相信自己一定能成为一名出色的滑雪者。站起来，抖掉身上的雪，调整姿势，我开始滑动（ski）起来。答案：一、【教材回顾】参考答案：1.toblame2.gifted3.faults;thinkers4.leadership;followed5.assistant;founded;leading二、【高考链接】参考答案：1.toassist2.purity3.suspected4.poured5.multiplied三、【语篇强化训练答案】1.Scientists;for;on;into;belief;toblame;the;behandled2.havetransformed;invention;into;where;subscription;reservation;mechanic;to;lighter;assistant3.suspected;punishment;proved/proven;that;deliberately;toreport4.leading;closed;to;by;of;linked;leader;leadership;steadily5.infected;moreinfectious;transmission;Findings;infection;contradiction6.Astronomers;thinkers;concepts;from/against;In;what7.it;betraced;what;with;a;understanding;to;across8.with;Frustrated;searching;through四、【语篇填空答案】bringing;transformation;subscription;tohandle;which;for;mentally;hasdecreased;them;frustration;五、翻译1.Thankstotheimplementationofthepolicyofpovertyalleviation,tremendouschangeshavetakenplaceinChinesecountrysideinrecentyears,suchasnarrowpathsbecomingwiderandcleanerandtile-roofedhousesreplacedbytallbuildings.2.DragonBoatRacewithitsorigintracedbacktotheWarringStatesisoneoftheimportantactivitiesheldbysouthernersincelebrationoftheDragonBoatFestival.3.ItisreallyshockingthatthenaturallakesinChinaisonthedecreasewithanaverageof20disappearingoutofoursight.4.SincethefoundingofEnglishStation,Ihavebeensubscribingtoit.Amongallthecolumns,itsfunnyEnglishstoriesarewhatattractsmemost,cheeringmeupwhenIwasdown.5.DeliveredbythreeChineseastronauts,thespacelecturesnotonlyhelpedstudentsbetterunderstandthemythoftheuniverseandincreasetheirknowledge,butalsoarousedtheirinterestinspaceexplorationandencouragedthemtostriveforit.6.Don'tblameyourselftoomuchf