2026年高校英语专业四级考试《词汇与语法》专项训练

2026年高校英语专业四级考试《词汇与语法》专项训练考试时间：______分钟总分：______分姓名：______第一部分词汇directions:Ineachofthefollowingsentences,therearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Choosetheonethatbestcompletesthesentence.MarkyouranswerbywritingthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet.1.Despiteallthedifficulties,sheremained_______inhereffortstocompletetheprojectsuccessfully.A)resourcefulB)resilientC)irrelevantD)reluctant2.Thediscoveryofpenicillinwasa_______momentinthehistoryofmodernmedicine,fundamentallychangingthetreatmentofbacterialinfections.A)trivialB)negligibleC)pivotalD)sporadic3.Theoldlibrary,_______foroveracentury,stillhousesavastcollectionofrarebooksandmanuscripts.A)establishingB)establishedC)toestablishD)havingestablished4.Hisexplanationwasso_______thateventhemostcomplexconceptsbecameunderstandabletotheaudience.A)convolutedB)lucidC)ambiguousD)obscure5.Thecompanyisimplementingnewpoliciesto_______itsmarketshareinthecompetitiveindustry.A)erodeB)amplifyC)consolidateD)diminish6.Theathlete's_______trainingregimenpreparedhimperfectlyforthegruelingmarathon.A)rigorousB)sporadicC)inadequateD)casual7.Itis_______toassumethateconomicgrowthautomaticallytranslatesintoimprovedlivingstandardsforallcitizens.A)hastyB)prudentC)evidentD)ambiguous8.Thenovel'sprotagonistisacomplexcharacter,_______bothadmirablequalitiesandsignificantflaws.A)possessingB)comprisingC)embodyingD)exhibiting9.Manyscientistsbelievethatglobalwarmingwillleadtomorefrequentandsevere_______incoastalregions.A)occurrencesB)incidentsC)phenomenaD)disasters10.Thepainting,_______byalocalartist,wonfirstprizeintheinternationalartcompetition.A)executedB)executingC)toexecuteD)havingexecuted11.Hervoice,_______withemotion,conveyedthedepthofherfrustration.A)tremblingB)trembledC)tremblesD)havingtrembled12.Thegovernmentfacesadifficult_______inbalancingeconomicdevelopmentwithenvironmentalprotection.A)equationB)paradoxC)compromiseD)dilemma13.Duringtheconferencecall,severalimportant_______regardingtheproject'sfuturewerediscussed.A)determinationsB)deliberationsC)decisionsD)determinations14.Theoldbuilding,_______in1925,requiressubstantialrenovationtomeetmodernsafetystandards.A)constructingB)constructedC)toconstructD)havingconstructed15.Shehasanatural_______forlanguagesandlearnedthreedifferentonesbytheageoftwenty.A)proficiencyB)capabilityC)aptitudeD)expertise第二部分语法directions:Ineachofthefollowingsentences,thereisoneunderlinedpartthatmaybeincorrect.Identifytheunderlinedpartandchoosetheonethatshouldbecorrected.Ifthesentenceiscorrect,choose"Noerror".MarkyouranswerbywritingthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet.16.Thecommittee,includingthechairpersonandseveralmembers,_______allagreedontheproposedchanges.A)NoerrorB)includingC)thechairpersonD)allagreed17.Havingfinishedmyhomework,_______Iwenttothecinematowatchthenewmovie.A)NoerrorB)HavingfinishedC)IwentD)towatch18.Sheisnotonlyatalentedmusicianbutalso_______agiftedpainter.A)NoerrorB)alsoC)agiftedD)painter19.IfI_______you,Iwouldapologizeimmediatelyformymistake.A)NoerrorB)wereC)wouldD)apologize20.Themanager,togetherwithhisstaff,_______responsibleforthesuccessfulcompletionofthetask.A)NoerrorB)togetherwithC)hisstaffD)responsible21.Neitherthestudentsnortheteacher_______satisfiedwiththequalityoftheprojectpresentation.A)NoerrorB)NeitherC)theteacherD)satisfied22.Bythetimetherescueteamarrived,theinjuredhikers_______beenlostinthemountainsforthreedays.A)NoerrorB)hadC)beenlostD)three23.Itisessentialthatallemployees_______punctualfortheirmorningmeetings.A)NoerrorB)beC)punctualD)fortheir24.Thedog,_______barkingloudly,startledtheneighborswhowereenjoyingaquieteveningathome.A)NoerrorB)barkingloudlyC)theneighborsD)enjoying25._______hardhetries,heneverseemstosatisfyhisdemandingboss.A)NoerrorB)HoweverC)hardD)neverseems26.Theconstructionofthenewbridge,_______wasapprovedlastyear,isexpectedtobecompletednextyear.A)NoerrorB)whichC)wasapprovedD)next27.Notonlydidshefinishthemarathon,butshealsosetanewpersonalrecord_______.A)NoerrorB)notonlyC)didsheD)record28.SheaskedmewhetherIhadseentheman_______carwasparkedoutside.A)NoerrorB)whoseC)wasparkedD)outside29.Thebook,_______Iborrowedfromthelibrary,isveryinteresting.A)NoerrorB)whichC)IborrowedD)very30._______tiredhemightbe,Johnalwaysmakestimeforhisfamily.A)NoerrorB)HoweverC)tiredD)mightbe第三部分词汇与语法综合directions:Choosethebestanswer,A),B),C)orD),tocompleteeachofthefollowingsentences.MarkyouranswerbywritingthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet.31.Themanagerappreciatedtheemployee's_______attitudeeventhoughtheprojectdeadlinewaslooming.A)optimisticB)pessimisticC)cynicalD)resigned32.Despitefacingnumerous_______,theresearchteampersistedintheireffortstofindacure.A)obstaclesB)achievementsC)endorsementsD)incentives33.Thepolitician'sspeechwasfilledwith_______promisesaboutjobcreationandeconomicgrowth.A)substantiveB)hollowC)ambiguousD)conditional34.Herperformanceinthefinalexamwasoutstanding,_______heryearsofdiligentstudyandpreparation.A)attributingtoB)contributingtoC)reflectingonD)devotingto35.Theoldtemple,_______withintricatecarvings,standsasatestamenttotheregion'srichculturalheritage.A)adornedB)adorningC)toadornD)havingadorned36.Thecommitteefounditdifficulttoreachaconsensusduetothe_______viewsofthemembers.A)divergentB)convergentC)analogousD)comparable37.Heisknownforhis_______senseofhumor,whichoftenlightenstensesituationswithwittyremarks.A)bleakB)sarcasticC)dryD)wry38.Thecompanyimplementedanewpolicyto_______itsoperationalefficiencyandreducecosts.A)enhanceB)diminishC)undermineD)deteriorate39.Thenovel'scomplexplotandrichcharacterdevelopmentmadeitatruly_______read.A)superficialB)engagingC)tediousD)simplistic40.Manypeoplebelievethatregularphysicalactivityisessentialformaintaininggood_______.A)healthB)wealthC)fitnessD)wisdom41.Theathlete's_______trainingschedulewassodemandingthatitleftlittletimeforanythingelse.A)rigorousB)lenientC)flexibleD)relaxed42.ThediscoveryofDNA'sdoublehelixstructurewasa_______momentinthehistoryofbiology.A)negligibleB)trivialC)pivotalD)commonplace43.Theteacher's_______explanationhelpedthestudentsunderstandthedifficultmathematicalconcept.A)convolutedB)ambiguousC)lucidD)obscure44.Thegovernment'snewpolicyaimsto_______thecountry'seconomicrecoveryandcreatemorejobs.A)facilitateB)hinderC)disruptD)postpone45.Theoldhouse,_______in1885,stillstandsproudlyinthecenterofthetown.A)builtB)buildingC)tobuildD)havingbeenbuilt46.Hervoice,_______withemotion,revealedthedepthofherdisappointment.A)shakingB)shakenC)shakesD)havingshaken47.Thecommitteewasunabletoreachadecisionduetothe_______opinionsofthemembers.A)conflictingB)coincidingC)convergingD)harmonious48.Thecompany'ssuccesscanbelargely_______tothededicationandhardworkofitsemployees.A)attributedtoB)owedtoC)contributedbyD)creditedwith49.Thenovel'sprotagonistisacomplexcharacter,_______bothadmirablequalitiesandsignificantflaws.A)possessingB)comprisingC)embodyingD)exhibiting50.Theoldlibrary,_______foroveracentury,housesavastcollectionofrarebooksandmanuscripts.A)establishedB)establishingC)toestablishD)havingestablished试卷答案1.B解析：resilient意为“有弹性的，能复原的”，符合句意“尽管困难重重，她仍然坚持不懈地努力”。resourceful“足智多谋的”；irrelevant“不相关的”；reluctant“不情愿的”。2.C解析：pivotal意为“关键的，枢纽的”，符合句意“青霉素的发现是现代医学史上一个关键的时刻”。trivial“微不足道的”；negligible“可忽略不计的”；sporadic“零星的，偶发的”。3.B解析：过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰Theoldlibrary。established表示“被建立的”，符合句意“这座已有百年历史的图书馆仍然收藏着大量的珍贵书籍和手稿”。4.B解析：lucid意为“清晰的，易懂的”，符合句意“他的解释非常清晰，即使是复杂的概念也变得易于理解”。convoluted“复杂的，缠绕的”；ambiguous“模糊不清的”；obscure“晦涩的，难懂的”。5.C解析：consolidate意为“巩固，加强”，符合句意“公司正在实施新的政策以巩固其市场份额”。erode“侵蚀”；amplify“放大”；diminish“减少”。6.A解析：rigorous意为“严格的，严密的”，符合句意“运动员严格的训练计划使他完美地准备好了这场艰苦的马拉松”。sporadic“零星的，偶发的”；inadequate“不足的”；casual“随意的”。7.A解析：hasty意为“草率的，仓促的”，符合句意“假设经济增长会自动转化为所有公民生活水平的改善是草率的”。prudent“谨慎的”；evident“明显的”；ambiguous“模糊不清的”。8.C解析：embodying意为“体现，包含”，符合句意“小说的主人公是一个复杂的人物，体现了他既可取的品质和显著的缺点”。possessing“拥有”；comprising“构成”；exhibiting“展示”。9.D解析：disasters意为“灾难”，符合句意“许多科学家认为全球变暖将导致沿海地区发生更频繁、更严重的灾难”。occurrences“发生的事情”；incidents“事件”；phenomena“现象”。10.A解析：过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰Thepainting。executed表示“被执行的，被完成的”，符合句意“这幅由当地艺术家绘制的画作在国际艺术比赛中获得了第一名”。11.A解析：现在分词短语作伴随状语，描述Hervoice的状态。trembling表示“颤抖的”，符合句意“她的声音因充满感情而颤抖，传达了她深深的沮丧”。12.D解析：dilemma意为“困境，窘境”，符合句意“政府面临着在经济发展与环境保护之间做出艰难抉择的困境”。equation“等式”；paradox“悖论”；compromise“妥协”。13.C解析：decisions意为“决定”，符合句意“在电话会议中，关于项目未来的几个重要决定被讨论了”。determinations“决心”；deliberations“商讨”；determinations（拼写错误，应为decisions）。14.B解析：过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰Theoldbuilding。constructed表示“被建造的”，符合句意“这座建于1925年的老建筑需要进行大量翻修以满足现代安全标准”。15.C解析：aptitude意为“天资，才能”，符合句意“她有天生的语言才能，二十岁时就学会了三种不同的语言”。proficiency“熟练”；capability“能力”；expertise“专业知识”。16.D解析：去掉all。当主语是“thecommittee,includingthechairpersonandseveralmembers”这样的复合结构时，谓语动词应与“thecommittee”保持一致，即用单数形式agreed。17.B解析：去掉Havingfinished。这是一个时间状语从句，应用一般过去时态。主句动作发生在从句动作之后，主句应用过去时态，且主语是“I”，时态无需倒装。18.A解析：加上is。这是一个“notonly+状语+主语+谓语”的倒装句式，当notonly位于句首时，谓语需倒装。正确结构为“Notonlyissheatalentedmusicianbutalsoissheagiftedpainter。”19.B解析：were。在if引导的非真实条件状语从句中，表示与现在事实相反的情况，从句谓语动词应用过去式（be动词用were）。主句谓语动词用“would+动词原形”。20.B解析：去掉togetherwith。当“togetherwith”、“aswellas”、“alongwith”等连接词连接主语时，谓语动词的形式取决于前面的主语。此处主语是“Themanager”，应用单数形式isresponsible。21.D解析：satisfied。当neither...nor...，either...or...，notonly...butalso...等连接词连接两个或多个主语时，谓语动词的形式取决于最邻近的主语。此处最邻近的主语是“theteacher”，应用单数形式issatisfied。22.C解析：hadbeenlost。在“bythetime+从句”结构中，主句通常用完成时态。从句用一般过去时，主句用过去完成时，表示到“bythetime”所表示的时间点之前已经完成的动作。23.B解析：be。在“Itisessential/necessary/important/importantthat...”句型中，主语从句的谓语动词应用“should+动词原形”的形式，should可以省略。所有员工应该是“be”punctual。24.A解析：去掉Thedog。这是一个省略了关系代词that或which的非限制性定语从句，修饰前面的分词短语barkingloudly。关系代词在从句中作主语，指代前面的整个句子或分词短语逻辑上的主语（Thedog），此时关系代词可以省略。25.B解析：However。这是一个让步状语从句，应用“however+形容词/副词+主语+谓语”或“nomatterhow+形容词/副词+主语+谓语”的结构。此处however置于句首，后面应用逗号与主句隔开。26.B解析：which。这是一个非限制性定语从句，修饰前面的整个句子“Theconstructionofthenewbridge”。关系代词which指代前面的整件事，在从句中作主语。27.B解析：notonly。这是一个“notonly+状语+主语+谓语”的倒装句式，当notonly位于句首时，谓语需倒装。正确结构为“Notonlydidshefinishthemarathonbutalsodidshesetanewpersonalrecord。”28.B解析：whose。这是一个定语从句，修饰Theman。关系代词指代Theman，并在从句中作定语修饰car，应用whose。29.A解析：Noerror。句子结构正确：Thebook（主语），Iborrowedfromthelibrary（过去分词短语作后置定语），isveryinteresting（谓语部分）。30.B解析：However。这是一个让步状语从句，应用“however+形容词/副词+主语+谓语”或“nomatterhow+形容词/副词+主语+谓语”的结构。此处however置于句首，后面应用逗号与主句隔开。31.A解析：optimistic意为“乐观的”，符合句意“尽管项目截止日期临近，经理还是赞赏了员工乐观的态度”。pessimistic“悲观的”；cynical“愤世嫉俗的”；resigned“顺从的，放弃的”。32.A解析：obstacles意为“障碍”，符合句意“尽管面临众多障碍，研究团队仍然坚持不懈地努力寻找治疗方法”。achievements“成就”；endorsements“认可”；incentives“激励”。33.B解析：hollow意为“空洞的，虚假的”，符合句意“那位政治家的演讲充满了空洞的承诺，关于创造就业机会和经济增长”。substantive“实质的，重要的”；ambiguous“模糊不清的”；conditional“有条件的”。34.B解析：contributingto意为“有助于，促成”，符合句意“她在期末考试中的出色表现可以归功于她多年的勤奋学习和准备”。attributingto“归因于”；reflectingon“反思”；devotingto“致力于”。35.A解析：adorned。过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰Theoldtemple。adorned表示“被装饰的”，符合句意“这座装饰着复杂雕刻的古老寺庙作为该地区丰富文化遗产的见证而屹立不倒”。36.A解析：divergent意为“不同的，分歧的”，符合句意“由于成员们的观点不同，委员会很难达成一致”。convergent“趋于集中的”；analogous“相似的”；comparable“可比较的”。37.D解析：wry意为“诙谐的，略带讥讽的”，符合句意“他以其略