【单元精练】Unit 4 单元易错综合练习-2022-2023学年必修第一册单元重难点易错题精练（牛津译林版2020）

Unit4单元易错综合练习（考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分）注意事项：1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。4．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共30分，略）第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AOPENINGSANDPREVIEWSAnimalsOutofPaperYolo！ProductionsandtheGreatGriffonpresenttheplaybyRajivJoseph,inwhichanorigami(折纸术)artistinvitesateenagetalentandhisteacherintoherstudio.MerriMilwedirects.Inpreviews.OpensFeb.12.(WestParkPresbyterianChurch,165W.86thSt.212-868-4444.)TheAudienceHelenMirrenstarsintheplaybyPeterMorgan,aboutQueenElizabethIIoftheUKandherprivatemeetingswithtwelvePrimeMinistersinthecourseofsixtyyears.StephenDaldrydirects.AlsostarringDylanBakerandJudithIvey.PreviewsbeginFeb.14.(Schoenfeld,236W.45thSt.212-239-6200.)HamiltonLin-ManuelMirandawrotethismusicalaboutAlexanderHamilton,inwhichthebirthofAmericaispresentedasanimmigrantstory.ThomasKaildirects.Inpreviews.OpensFeb.17.(Public,425LafayetteSt.212-967-7555.)OntheTwentiethCenturyKristinChenowethandPeterGallagherstarinthemusicalcomedybyBettyComdenandAdolphGreen,aboutaBroadwayproducerwhotriestowinamoviestar’sloveduringacross-countrytrainjourney.ScottEllisdirects,forRoundaboutTheatreCompany.PreviewsbeginFeb.12.(AmericanAirlinesTheatre,227W.42ndSt.212-719-1300.)1．WhatistheplaybyRajivJosephprobablyabout?A．Atypeofart. B．Ateenager’sstudio.C．Agreatteacher. D．Agroupofanimals.2．WhoisthedirectorofTheAudience?A．HelenMirren. B．PeterMorgan.C．DylanBaker. D．StephenDaldry.3．WhichplaywillyougotoifyouareinterestedinAmericanhistory?A．AnimalsOutofPaper. B．TheAudience.C．Hamilton. D．OntheTwentiethCentury.BOneafternoon,whenIwalkedoutofthesupermarket,Ifoundanoldmanwhostruggledwithtwobagsoffood.Itwasverycold.Iguessedhemusthavealongwalkaheadofhim.Istoppedthecarnearhimandputthewindowdowntoaskifheneededaride.Withalittlehesitation,hedidaccept.Afterhegotsettledinthecar,myhusbandandIintroducedourselves,buthedidn’tsayaword.Duringthedrive,wetriedtomakehimmorecomfortablewithsomesmalltalk.Hishomewasmorethantwomilesaway,soitwouldhavebeenadifficultwalkforanyone,letaloneanoldmancarryingbags.Whenwepulledupoutsidehisdoor,thefirstthingheaskedis“Howmuchmoneydoyouwant?”“Nothing,wejustwantedtohelp,”weanswered.Theshockandreliefonthisman’sfacewasactuallysad,becauseweshouldbeabletoliveinaworldwhereitisn’tshockingtohavesomeonehelpyououtofthegoodnessoftheirheartwithoutexpectingsomethinginreturn.Hewasoverwhelmed(不知所措的).Tearsinhiseyes,hesaid“Thankyou!”overandovertomeafterrealizingwetrulydidn’twantanything,whichmademefeelproud.Myonlywordstohimwere,“Sir,Ihopethishelpedyououtandhaveagoodweek.”Thesesimpleactsofkindnessarethetypesofkindnessesthatanyone,anywherecando.Itdoesn’tcostacent.Justbeawareoftheworldhappeningaroundyou.Thereisalwayssomeonewhoneedssomething—adoorheld,abagcarried...theopportunitiesareendless.4．Whydidthewriterandherhusbandgivetheoldmanaliftaftershopping?A．Becausetheywantedtohelpothers.B．Becausetheoldmanbeggedthemtodoso.C．Becausetheywantedtoearnmoney.D．Becausetheoldmanwastheiroldfriend.5．Howdidtheoldmanfeelinthewriter’scaratfirst?A．Happyandmoved. B．Comfortablebutgrateful.C．Nervousandquiet. D．Pleasedbutcautious.6．Whatdidtheoldmanwanttodoafterhegotoffthecar?A．Hewantedtogiveussomethinghebought.B．Heplannedtopayforthecarride.C．Hedecidedtointroducehimselftous.D．Hewantedtoshowhiskindnessforus.7．Whatcanpeoplelearnfromthelastsentenceofthepassage?A．Kindnessdoesn’tcostacent. B．Theactsofkindnessshouldbegreat.C．Helpingothersmakespeoplesad. D．Thereisalwaysachanceforkindness.CFatchildrenaremorelikelytohavetheirfathertoblamefortheirweightproblemthantheirmother,anewstudyshows.ResearchbyAustralianchildhealthexpertshasrevealedthatfatherswhoareateaseordonotsetclearlimitsfortheirkidsaremorelikelytohaveheavierchildren.DadswhodidlaydownboundariesgenerallyhadchildrenwithalowerBodyMassindex(肥胖指数),thestudyofalmost5,000youngstersfound.Surprisingly,amother’sparentingbehaviororstyleapparentlyhadnoimpactonwhetherachildwasoverweightorobese(肥胖).“Mothersareoftenblamedfortheirchildren’sobesity,butthisstudysuggeststhatformoreeffectivepreventionperhapsweshouldfocusonthewholefamily,”ProfWakesaid.Theresultsalsoshowedthat40percentoftheseyoungmothersandmorethan60percentoftheyoungfatherswerethemselvesoverweightorobese.Theresearch,tobepresentedataconferenceinTorontothisweek,comparedtheBMIsoffour-andfive-year-oldswiththeirparents’parentingstyles.Thespecialistssaiditwasvitaltostudyearlyparentingbecausehomelifeoftenestablishedpatternsforlife-longobesity.Earlierresearchhadshownthatchildhoodobesitywashighlystableduringtheprimaryschoolyears,rightfromschoolentry,ProfWakesaid.“Forinstance,theBMIofapreschoolchildhasan85percentlinkwiththeirBMIthreeyearslater,”shesaid.“Obeseschoolchildrenareverylikelytobecomeobeseadults.ChildhoodobesityisgrowingatanalarmingrateinAustralia,withmorethan20percentofpreschoolchildreneitheroverweightorobese.”8．Whomightnurseoverweightkids?A．Motherlivingatease. B．Fatherssettingclearboundaries.C．Fatherswithunclearrules. D．Motherswithunhealthylivingstyles.9．Whichisthesignificantfactoraffectingweight?A．Earlyparenting. B．Parents’weight. C．Schooleducation. D．Familyatmosphere.10．Howdoesthewriterdevelopthepassage?A．Bygivingexamples. B．Bymakingcontrasts.C．Byanalysingtypicalcases. D．Bypresentingresearchresults.11．Whichcolumnmightthepassagebetakenfrom?A．Education. B．Health. C．Science. D．Entertainment.DPeoplewhodrinkalotofsugarydrinkshaveahighriskofdevelopingcancer,researchersannouncedlastweek.However,theevidencecannotyetconfirmadirectconnectionbetweenthetwo.TheresearcherssaidthefindingsofalargestudyinFrancesuggestthatlimitingtheamountofsugar-sweeteneddrinksmayhelpreducethenumberofcancercases.Drinkingsugarydrinkshasbecomemorecommonworldwideinthelastseveraldecades.Sugardrinksarelinkedtoobesity—theconditionofbeingextremelyoverweight—whichincreasesaperson’scancerrisk.ThestudywaspublishedinTheBMJBritishmedicaljournal.Itlookedatdatafromjustover100,000Frenchadults—21percentofthemmenand79percentwomen.Theresearchersnotedhowmanysugarydrinkseachofthemhad,andfollowedthemforuptonineyears—between2009and2018.Theresearchersappraisedtheirriskforalltypesofcancer,andsomeindividualonessuchasbreast,colonandprostatecancers.Thescientistsfoundthata100milliliters(毫升)increaseinsugarydrinkswaslinkedtoan18percentincreasedriskofoverallcanceranda22percentincreasedriskofbreastcancer.Theresearcherslookedatthosewhodrankfruityjuicesandthosewhodrankothersweetdrinks.Bothgroups,theyfound,showedahigherriskofcanceroverall.Forprostateandcolorectalcancers,nolinkwasfound.Theresearcherssaidthismighthavebeenbecausetherewereonlyalimitednumberofcasesofthesecancersinthestudygroup.Expertsnotdirectlyinvolvedintheworksaiditwasawell-runstudy,butnotedthatitsresultscouldnotestablishcauseandeffect.AmeliaLakeisanexpertinpublichealthnutritionatBritain’sTeessideUniversity.Shesaidthatwhilethisstudydoesnotprovideadefinitecauseandeffectbetweensugarandcancer,itdoesaddtotheimportanceofeffortstoreducesugarintake.“Themessagefromthetotalityofevidenceonexcesssugarandvarioushealthoutcomesisclear,”shesaid.12．Whatdidthestudyfind?A．Sugarydrinksdirectlyleadtocancer.B．Heavysugarydrinksmightbelinkedwithcancer.C．Obesitymainlyresultsfromsugarydrinks.D．Cancerisnotnecessarilycausedbyobesity.13．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“appraised”meaninparagraph2?A．Controlled B．Evaluated. C．Determined. D．Wrote.14．Howdoestheauthorprovethefindingsinparagraph2and3?A．Bymakingcomparison.B．Bygivingdifferentopinions.C．Byusingactualfigures.D．Byfollowingtheorderoftime.15．WhatdoAmeliaLake’swordssuggest?A．Moreevidenceneedstobefoundinthefuture.B．Theresearchersshouldfollowmorepeople.C．Reducingsugarconsumptionneedsgreatefforts.D．Cuttingdowntheamountofsugarisimportant.第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Whatishealth？ThedefinitionfromWHOstatesthathealthisastateofcompletephysical,mentalandsocialwell-being.So,ratherthanhavingabalanceddietorabalancedworkoutandsoon,peopleneedtofindabalancebetweenallthosefactorsforhealthliving.____16____Trytoeatmorefruitandvegetables.Fruitandvegetablesprovideenzymes(酶)forthebody,whichhelptoabsorbthenutrientsfromyourmeal.Drinkasmuchwateraspossiblethroughouttheday.Keepimprovingyourdietplan,bylearningaboutdifferenthealthyfood.____17____Nomatterwhichtypeofexerciseyoutakeup,trytogetaround20minuteseveryday.Don’tgiveup!Ifyouaresufferingfromsomehealthproblems,youshouldfindthecausesbehindthem，andthentrytoavoidthem.Forexample,loadyourselfupwithvitaminCrichfoodtoavoidacommoncold.____18____Deepbreathingisnotonlygoodforyourlungs,butalsocanbeusedtocalmyourmind.Takeadeepbreathwheneveryougetstressedandthenbreatheout;repeatitaround10times.Theresultwillbesurprising._____19_____Therearevarioustypesofmeditation.Trytoexperimentwithdifferenttypes，andthenchoosetheonethatfeelssuitable;trytopracticeitforanhouraday.Wheneveryouthinkyouhavebecomeoverloadedwithstudy，takeabreak.Planasmallvacationaloneorwithafriend,orgotoagarden.____20____A．Manypeoplewanttostayhealthy.B．Thenhowdoyoustayhealthy?C．Doingexerciseisalsoimportant.D．Walkingisagoodwaytokeephealthy.E．Topreventsportinjuries,makesureyouwarmupwellbeforeanyexercise.F．Meditationisalsoagoodwaytorelievestress.G．Justforgeteverythingandenjoywatchingthetreesandbirds.第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Eachofusstrugglesforself-respectandself-worthtosomedegree.Ispentmuchtimetryingtoachieveperfectionineveryaspectofmylife.Iwasahappykidwithalotoffriendsandasupportivefamily.Butgrowingupwasreally___21___andevenscarysometimes.

Duringmychildhood,Iwasconstantlyinvolvedinsomethingthatincludedpeople’sviewingmyachievementsormy___22___.Iwantedeveryone’spraiseandacceptance,butIwasmyowntoughestcritic(挑剔的人).

AfterIgraduatedfromhighschool,mydesiretobe“thin”begantotroubleme.Ibegantryingtodietby___23___myfood.Inthebeginning,Ifeltgreat—attractiveandsuccessful,almostsuperhuman.IeventhoughtthatIwasbetterthaneveryoneelse.WhatIdidn’tseewasthatIwasslowly___24___myself.

Peoplearoundmebegantonoticemyweightloss.Theysaidwithconcern.“You’relosingtoomuchweight.”“Elisa,you’resothin.”AlltheirwordsonlysuggestedthatIwasgettingcloserto“___25___”.

Sadly,Itookmyphysical___26___thefirstimportantinmylife,___27___thatitwasthewaytobecomesuccessfulandaccepted.ThenIcutdownmyfoodmoreandmore,untila___28___dayconsistedofhalfateaspoonofnon-fatyoghurtandcoffeeinthemorning,andacupofgrapesatnight.Butmypoor___29___begantocausemetolose____30____.Thenonenight,likemanynightsbefore,Icouldn’tsleep,andmyheartfeltasthoughitmightbeatoutofmychest.Itriedto____31____,butIcouldn’t.ThebeatingbecamesorapidandsostrongthatIcouldnolonger____32____.WhatIhaddonetodietnearlycausedmetohaveaheartattack.Istoodup,andimmediatelyfelldown.Iwasreally____33____,andIknewIneededhelp.Myroommaterushedmetothehospital,beginningthelongroadtomy____34____.Ittookalot—doctors,nurses,nutritionists,foodsupplements...Andmostimportantly,asenseofwhatwastrueaboutmyselfgotbackontrackwithreality.Irealizedthat,withmy____35____oftryingtobe“perfect”ontheoutside,IhadsacrificedwhoIwasontheinside.WhatIknownowis,weare—eachandeveryoneofus—alreadyperfect.21．A．natural B．easy C．hard D．possible22．A．natures B．backgrounds C．scores D．failures23．A．controlling B．checking C．collecting D．balancing24．A．killing B．forgetting C．asking D．questioning25．A．perfection B．devotion C．destination D．attention26．A．strength B．exercise C．appearance D．examination27．A．believing B．realizing C．pretending D．declaring28．A．pleasant B．difficult C．typical D．different29．A．memory B．nutrition C．knowledge D．taste30．A．weight B．hope C．sleep D．job31．A．relax B．walk C．cry D．talk32．A．breathe B．resist C．wake D．remember33．A．scared B．annoyed C．discouraged D．disappointed34．A．glory B．discovery C．recovery D．victory35．A．skill B．decision C．experience D．deal第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分,满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Nowadays,vegetarian(素食主义的)eatingisbecomingmorepopular.Althoughitdoeshaveagoodreputationfor____36____(benefit)ourhealth,recentnewshasfocusedonwhatcouldbebadaboutvegetariandiets,____37____(include)strokerisk,harmtobrainhealth,hairlossanddepression.Britishresearchers____38____(follow)morethan48,000menandwomenwithnohistoryofheartdiseaseorstrokeforabout18years.Vegetarianshada20%____39____(high)rateofstrokethanmeateaters.Anotherexpertwrotethatthetrendtowardsvegetariandietsmayleadtoacholine(胆碱)crisis,Cholineisanutrient(营养物)____40____isimportantforbrainhealthandotherfunctions.Itcan____41____(find)inmeat,andourbodycan’tmakeallthathumansneed.So,cangivingupmeatleadtohairloss?Arecentreportfoundthataseverelackofprotein,amongotherdietshortcomings,canleadtoit.That’s____42____meatcontainsiron,vitaminB,andzinc,whichareallimportantforhair____43____(grow).Canvegetarianandvegandietsaffectourmood?Researchonthisismixed.Somestudieshavefoundthatgoingmeatless____44____(improve)mood,butothershavefound_____45_____opposite.Inonestudyof400newmothers,80ofthemsufferedfrompostpartum(产后的)depression.Avegetariandietwasonefactorthatseemedtomakeitmorelikelytobedepressed.第四部分写作（共两节,满分40分）第一节（满分15分）46．假定你是李华，你的朋友Lily因为节食减肥而生病了，请根据下列要点用英语给她写一封80词左右的电子邮件，鼓励她加强锻炼，早日恢复健康1.表达同情；2.保持健康很重要；3.给出建议。_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二节（满分25分）47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Onceuponatime,therelivedawiseman.Hisson,however,wasverylazyandwastedhistimesleeping.Theyearspassed,andherecognizedtheneedtogivesomethingtohissonsothathecouldtakecareofhimselfandhisfamily.Oneday,hecalledhissontohisroomandsaid,“Myson,youarenomoreakidnow.Iwantyoutofindtherealpurposeofyourlife.”Thenhehandedhissonabag.Thesonopenedit.Insideweresomefood,alittlemoneyandamap.Hisfathercontinued,“Iwantyoutogoandfindatreasure.Ihavedrawnamapoftheplacewherethetreasureishidden.Youneedtogoandfindit.”Thesonlovedthisidea.Thenextday,hesetoutonajourneytofindthetreasure.Hehadtotravelreallyfaracrossforestsandmountains.Alongtheway,heusedupthemoneyandevenstarvedsometimes.Luckily,hewashelpedbysomewithfoodandbysomewithmoney.Finally,afteralongyear,hereachedhisdestination(目的地).Hesearchedandsearchedbutfoundnothing.Hespenttwodayslookinganddiggingforthetreasure.Bythethirdday,hewassotiredthathedecidedtoleave.Onhiswayback,hemetthesamepeoplewhohadhelpedhimearlier.Thistimehestayedafewdayswiththemandhelpedtheminsomewayoranother.Herealizedhownicetheyhadbeentoastrangerwhohadnothingtooffertheminreturn.Whenhereachedhome,herealizedithadbeentwoyearssincehelefttheplace.Hewalkedstraightintohisfather’sroom.“Father!”hesaid.Thefatherimmediatelyjumpedtohisfeetandhuggedhisson.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Thefatheraskedhissonwhetherhehadfoundthetreasure._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Thesonreplied,“Althoughitwashard,Ididenjoythejourneyonmyway.”_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________参考答案：1．A2．D3．C【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。介绍了四场演出的主要内容，导演，时间，地点等信息。1．细节理解题。根据话剧AnimalsOutofPaper中的ProductionsandtheGreatGriffonpresenttheplaybyRajivJoseph,inwhichanorigami(折纸术)artistinvitesateenagetalentandhisteacherintoherstudio.可知，RajivJoseph创作的的话剧是关于折纸的一种艺术。故选A。2．细节理解题。根据话剧TheAudience的StephenDaldrydirects.可知，本剧是StephenDaldry导演的。故选D。3．细节理解题。根据音乐剧Hamilton的Lin-ManuelMirandawrotethismusicalaboutAlexanderHamilton,inwhichthebirthofAmericaispresentedasanimmigrantstory.可知，该剧的主题是美国的诞生，由此可知，如果你对美国历史感兴趣，你可以看这部音乐剧。故选C。4．A5．C6．B7．D【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲述作者和丈夫帮助老人的一次经历和感悟，文章最后呼吁大家都能积极地帮助他人。4．细节理解题。根据原文第三段“Nothing,wejustwantedtohelp(没什么，我们只是想帮忙)”可知我们之所以让老人坐我们的车是因为我们想帮助老人，故选A。5．推理判断题。根据原文第一段最后一句“Withalittlehesitation,hedidaccept.(他犹豫了一下，还是接受了。)”可知老人犹豫和紧张，同时根据第二段“hedidn’tsayaword(他一句话也没说)”可知老人对我们有戒心，保持沉默，由此推断老人不知道我们为什么要帮助他，所以他坐在车上应该是紧张和沉默的，故选C。6．细节理解题。根据原文第三段“thefirstthingheaskedis“Howmuchmoneydoyouwant?(他问的第一件事就是“你想要多少钱？”)”可知老人下车后想付车费，故选B。7．推理判断题。本文主要讲述作者和丈夫帮助老人的一次经历和感悟。文章最后作者感慨“Thereisalwayssomeonewhoneedssomething—adoorheld,abagcarried...theopportunitiesareendless.(人们总是有需要——扶着门，提着包……机会无穷无尽。)”，由此判断出，我们能学到想要做善事总是有机会的。故选D。8．C9．A10．D11．B【解析】【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了澳大利亚儿童健康专家的研究结果，母亲的育儿行为或方式对儿童是否超重或肥胖没有影响，肥胖儿童的体重问题更可能应归咎于父亲。8．细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“ResearchbyAustralianchildhealthexpertshasrevealedthatfatherswhoareateaseordonotsetclearlimitsfortheirkidsaremorelikelytohaveheavierchildren.(澳大利亚儿童健康专家的研究表明，那些安逸的或没有为孩子设定明确限制的父亲更有可能有体重更重的孩子。)”可知，对孩子的规则不明确的父亲会养育出超重的孩子。故选C项。9．推理判断题。根据第三段第二句开始“Theresearch,tobepresentedataconferenceinTorontothisweek,comparedtheBMIsoffour-andfive-year-oldswiththeirparents’parentingstyles.Thespecialistssaiditwasvitaltostudyearlyparentingbecausehomelifeoftenestablishedpatternsforlife-longobesity.Earlierresearchhadshownthatchildhoodobesitywashighlystableduringtheprimaryschoolyears,rightfromschoolentry,ProfWakesaid.(这项研究，将于本周在多伦多举行的一次会议上公布，比较了四到五岁儿童的体质指数和他们父母的教育方式。专家们表示，研究早期育儿方式至关重要，因为家庭生活往往为终身肥胖奠定了模式。威克教授说，早期的研究表明，儿童肥胖在小学阶段，从入学开始就非常稳定。)”，以及最后一段“‘Forinstance,theBMIofapreschoolchildhasan85percentlinkwiththeirBMIthreeyearslater,’shesaid.‘Obeseschoolchildrenareverylikelytobecomeobeseadults.(她说：“例如，学龄前儿童的身体质量指数与三年后的身体质量指数有85%的关联。肥胖的在校儿童很有可能成为肥胖的成年人。’)”可知，家庭生活往往为终身肥胖奠定了模式，故早期育儿方式是影响到孩子体重的主要因素。故选A项。10．推理判断题。根据第一段第二句“ResearchbyAustralianchildhealthexpertshasrevealedthatfatherswhoareateaseordonotsetclearlimitsfortheirkidsaremorelikelytohaveheavierchildren.

(澳大利亚儿童健康专家的研究表明，那些安逸的或没有为孩子设定明确限制的父亲更有可能有体重更重的孩子。)”，第三段第一句“Theresultsalsoshowedthat40percentoftheseyoungmothersandmorethan60percentoftheyoungfatherswerethemselvesoverweightorobese.(调查结果还显示，40%的年轻母亲和超过60%的年轻父亲本身就超重或肥胖。)”可知，作者通过展示研究结果来展开文章。故选D项。11．推理判断题。通读全文，本文为针对儿童出现超重或肥胖现象的一项研究的结果展示，故应选自健康一栏。故选B项。12．B13．B14．C15．D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了一项新的研究发现，饮用大量高糖饮料可能与癌症有关。12．细节理解题。根据第一段关键句“Peoplewhodrinkalotofsugarydrinkshaveahighriskofdevelopingcancer,researchersannouncedlastweek.However,theevidencecannotyetconfirmadirectconnectionbetweenthetwo.”（研究人员上周宣布，饮用大量含糖饮料的人患癌症的风险很高。然而，证据尚不能证实两者之间的直接联系。）可知，研究发现饮用大量含糖饮料的人患癌症的风险很高，但证据尚不能证实两者之间的直接联系，由此可知，饮用大量高糖饮料可能与癌症有关。故选B项。13．词义猜测题。根据第三段第一句话“Thescientistsfoundthata100milliliters(毫升)increaseinsugarydrinkswaslinkedtoan18percentincreasedriskofoverallcanceranda22percentincreasedriskofbreastcancer.”（科学家们发现，含糖饮料增加100毫升与总体癌症风险增加18%和乳腺癌风险增加22%有关。）可知，研究人员通过对参与者的数据进行评估，得出了相关数据，由此可知，画线单词所在句指的是研究人员“评估”了参与者患各种癌症的风险，“Evaluated”意为“评估”，能够表达画线单词在句中所要表达的意思。故选B项。14．推理判断题。根据第二段关键句“Itlookedatdatafromjustover100,000Frenchadults—21percentofthemmenand79percentwomen.”（该研究调查了10多万名法国成年人的数据，其中21%为男性，79%为女性。）和第三段关键句“Thescientistsfoundthata100milliliters(毫升)increaseinsugarydrinkswaslinkedtoan18percentincreasedriskofoverallcanceranda22percentincreasedriskofbreastcancer.”（科学家们发现，含糖饮料增加100毫升与总体癌症风险增加18%和乳腺癌风险增加22%有关。）可知，作者在第二段和第三段中采用了21%、79%、18%和22%等实际的数字来证明研究结果，由此可知，作者在第二段和第三段中使用实际数字来证明研究结果。故选C项。15．推理判断题。根据最后一段关键句“AmeliaLakeisanexpertinpublichealthnutritionatBritain’sTeessideUniversity.Shesaidthatwhilethisstudydoesnotprovideadefinitecauseandeffectbetweensugarandcancer,itdoesaddtotheimportanceofeffortstoreducesugarintake.（阿米莉亚·莱克是英国蒂赛德大学公共卫生营养专家。她说，虽然这项研究没有提供糖与癌症之间的确切因果关系，但它确实增加了减少糖摄入的重要性。）可知，阿米莉亚·莱克认为这项研究表明减少糖的摄入量是重要的，由此可知，阿米莉亚·莱克的话暗示了减少糖的摄入量很重要。故选D项。16．B17．C18．E19．F20．G【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。本文就如何保持健康给读者建议，它们是：多吃水果和蔬菜；坚持锻炼；找到问题，并避免；深呼吸；冥想；给自己一个假期。16．根据上文“So,ratherthanhavingabalanceddietorabalancedworkoutandsoon,peopleneedtofindabalancebetweenallthosefactorsforhealthliving.”(不是吃均衡的饮食或均衡的锻炼等，人们需要在所有这些因素之间找到一个平衡的健康生活。)以及下文讲述健康的方法，可知，空处的句子应起到承上启下的作用，B.Thenhowdoyoustayhealthy?(那么你如何保持健康呢？)串联上下文，符合语境。故选B项。17．分析段落结构可知，设空处是本段中心句。根据“Nomatterwhichtypeofexerciseyoutakeup,trytogetaround20minuteseveryday.Don’tgiveup!”(无论从事哪种类型的运动，每天至少锻炼20分钟，不要放弃。)可知，本段主要讲述锻炼身体也很重要。C.Doingexerciseisalsoimportant.(锻炼也很重要)符合文意，故选C项。18．根据“Ifyouaresufferingfromsomehealthproblems,youshouldfindthecausesbehindthem,andthentrytoavoidthem.”可知，本段讲的是找到健康问题背后的原因，然后避免它们。再结合空上句“Forexample,loadyourselfupwithvitaminCrichfoodtoavoidacommoncold.”(例如，用维生素C丰富的食物，以避免普通的感冒)可知，E项Topreventsportinjuries,makesureyouwarmupwellbeforeanyexercise.（为了阻止运动受伤，在任何锻炼之前，一定要做好热身活动。）符合文意，也讲述了如何避免问题，选项中的prevent可以对应前文的avoid，故选E项。19．下文“Therearevarioustypesofmeditation.Trytoexperimentwithdifferenttypes,andthenchoosetheonethatfeelssuitable”(有各种类型的冥想。尽量体验不同的类型。然后选择自己感觉合适的类型。)与F.Meditationisalsoagoodwaytorelievestress.(冥想也是一种放松减压的好方式)承接自然，上下文话题一致，此外Meditation是关键词，故选F项。20．上文“Planasmallvacationaloneorwithafriend,orgotoagarden.”（计划一个小假期，单独或与一个朋友，或去一个花园。）与G.Justforgeteverythingandenjoywatchingthetreesandbirds.(只是忘记一切，喜欢去看树和鸟。)承接自然，上下文话题一致，选项中的treesandbirds可以对应前文的garden，故选G项。21．C22．D23．A24．A25．A26．C27．A28．C29．B30．C31．A32．A33．A34．C35．C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。本文主要介绍了作者为了让自己看起来很苗条，曾经控制饮食,最终差点导致心脏病。那时才知道自己做了多么愚蠢的事情,认识到不用刻意去追求外在的完美而忽视了内在的自己。21．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但成长真的很艰难，有时甚至很可怕。A.natural自然的；B.easy容易的；C.hard艰难的；D.possible可能的。根据“andevenscarysometimes.”可知，这里作者是指“成长是艰难的”。故选C。22．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我的童年时代，我总是很在意别人对我的成就或失败的看法。A.natures自然；B.backgrounds背景；C.scores得分；D.failures失败。根据上文的“Duringmychildhood,Iwasconstantlyinvolvedinsomethingthatincludedpeople’sviewingmyachievements”以及连词or可知，这里应该和achievement相对，即作者总是很在意别人对自己的成就或失败的看法。故选D。23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我开始通过控制饮食来控制饮食。A.controlling控制；B.checking检查；Ccollecting收集、采集；D.balancing平衡。根据“Ibegantryingtodiet”，以及下文内容可知，作者只吃点点东西。故选A。24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我没有看到的是我在慢慢地自杀。A.killing杀死；B.forgetting忘记；C.asking询问、要求；D.questioning质疑。根据下文倒数第二段“WhatIhaddonetodietnearlycausedmetohaveaheartattack.”可知，作者差点心脏病发作，可知作者这样节食无异于慢性自杀。故选A。25．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们所有的话都在暗示我越来越接近完美。A.perfection完美；B.devotion投入、奉献；C.destination目的地；D.attention注意力。根据第一段的“Ispentmuchtimetryingtoachieveperfectionineveryaspectofmylife.”以及上一段的“Ifeltgreat-attractiveandsuccessful，almostsuperhuman．IeventhoughtthatIwasbetterthaneveryoneelse.”可知，作者认为这样做会越来越完美。故选A。26．考查名词词义辨析。句意：可悲的是，我把我的外表放在我生命中最重要的位置，相信这是通往成功和被接受的道路。A.strength力气；B.exercise运动、练习；C.appearance外表；D.examination检查、考试。根据上文的“Inthebeginning，Ifeltgreat-attractiveandsuccessful”可知，作者觉得这样很吸引人。此处指“我把我的外表看成是我生命中最重要的东西。”故选C。27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：可悲的是，我把我的外表放在我生命中最重要的位置，相信这是通往成功和被接受的道路。A.believing认为、相信；B.realizing明白、意识；C.pretending假装；D.declaring宣称。根据”Sadly,Itookmyphysical6thefirstimportantinmylife,可知，作者认为外表是最重要的，也就是说作者认为这是走向成功的道路。故选A。28．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后我越来越少吃东西，直到一个平常的一天包括早上半茶匙脱脂酸奶和咖啡，晚上一杯葡萄。A.pleasant愉悦的；B.difficult困难的；C.typical平常的、典型的；D.different不同的。根据“ThenIcutdownmyfoodmoreandmore,”可知，作者开始逐渐减少食物，直到每天早晨只吃半匙无脂酸奶和咖啡，晚上只吃一点葡萄。这是每天的食物。故选C。29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是，营养不良开始造成我失眠。A.memory记忆力；B.nutrition营养；C.knowledge知识；D.taste胃口。根据“ThenIcutdownmyfoodmoreandmore,untila8dayconsistedofhalfateaspoonofnon-fatyoghurtandcoffeeinthemorning,andacupofgrapesatnight.”可知，每天只吃一点东西，由此判断作者的营养不良。故选B。30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是，营养不良开始造成我失眠。A.weight重量；B.hope希望；C.sleep睡眠；D.job工作。根据下文的“Thenonenight，likemanynightsbefore，Icouldn'tsleep”可知，作者睡不着。故选C。31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想要放松，但是不行。A.relax休闲、放松；B.walk走路；C.cry哭泣；D.talk谈话、交谈。根据“Thenonenight,likemanynightsbefore,Icouldn’tsleep,andmyheartfeltasthoughitmightbeatoutofmychest.”可知，作者的心脏仿佛要跳了出来，此时作者想要放松。故选A。32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的心脏跳动加速如此快，以至于我无法呼吸。A.breathe呼吸；B.resist抵制；C.wake醒来；D.remember记得、记住。根据“Thebeatingbecamesorapidandsostrong”可知，作者心脏跳动加速，根据常识判断，作者此时无法呼吸。故选A。33．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我站起来，立刻又摔倒，我真得很害怕，并且我知道我需要帮助。A.scared害怕的；B.annoyed生气的；C.discouraged灰心的、沮丧的；D.disappointed失望的。根据“Istoodup,andimmediatelyfelldown.”可知，作者已经无法站立，此时她心中感到害怕。故选A。34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我室友匆忙把我送往医院，我开始了我的康复之路。A.glory荣耀、光荣；B.discovery发现；C.recovery康复；D.victory胜利。根据上文可知作者被送到了医院，再根据下文的“Ittookalot-doctors，nurses，nutritionists，foodsupplements…”可知，作者在慢慢地康复。故选C。35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我意识到，在尽力追求外在美的经