2022年北京市中考英语真题及答案解析

第第页2022年北京市初中学业水平考试英语(满分:60分考试时间:90分钟)第一部分部分共33题,共40分。在每题列出的四个选项中,选出最符合题目要求的一项。一、单项填空(每题0.5分,共6分)从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Mysisterisonlysix,butcanalreadyhelpwithsomehousework.

A.heB.sheC.itD.they2.Wehavehistoryclassthreeo'clockeveryFridayafternoon.

A.atB.onC.inD.to3.—Itakephotoshere?

—Sorry,youcan't.It'snotallowedinthemuseum.A.MustB.NeedC.CanD.Will4.Aftertakingtennisclasses,Timismuchthanlastyear.

A.strongB.strongerC.strongestD.thestrongest5.—willLiuYangstayinthespacestationthistime?

—Forsixmonths.A.HowlongB.HowoftenC.HowmuchD.Howsoon6.Mr.Smithhashelpedmealot,I'mthankfultohim.

A.orB.butC.forD.so7.Theworkersthecommunitycenternow.

A.cleanedB.werecleaningC.willcleanD.arecleaning8.Don'tloseheart.Ifyoukeepworkinghard,yousomeday.

A.willsucceedB.succeedC.succeededD.havesucceeded9.Iaboutmysisterwhenmyphonerang.Itwasher!

A.thinkB.willthinkC.wasthinkingD.amthinking10.JimalotaboutChineseculturesincehebegantostudyinourschool.

A.learnsB.learnedC.willlearnD.haslearned11.Onourfarm,thetealeavesbyhandwhentheyareready.

A.pickB.pickedC.arepickedD.werepicked12.—Doyouknowthenewnationalpark?

—Yes,Ido.Toprotectwildlifeandbenefitthelocalpeople.A.whydidChinasetupB.whyChinasetupC.whendidChinasetupD.whenChinasetup二、完形填空(每题1分,共8分)阅读下面的短文,掌握其大意,然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选择最佳选项。Cloze1OurChristmasGooseOnacoldmorningthatDecember,mybrotherRickandIweresenttoUncleTommie'sontheothersideofLittleMountaintogetagooseforChristmasdinner.Thislongjourneyoverthemountainwashardbutworthit.Thatmorning,darkcloudswerecomingtogetheroverhead.Iknewitwasgoingtosnowonthe1.

Whenwearrived,UncleTommiewasalreadywaitingforus.“Boys,I'mnot2youoff,”hesaid,“butthewindispickingup.You'dbettergetthegooseandheadforhomesoon.”

Afteraquickthank⁃youandgoodbye,Itookthegooseandweleft.Halfwayupthemountain,itbegantosnowheavily.Iheldthegoose3tome.

Bythetimewereachedthetopofthemountain,itsnowedmoreheavily.Andthewindseemedtoblowstraightthroughmycoat.IsteppedinfrontofRick.“Youmustbecold.Openyourcoat!”“Areyoucrazy?”Rickasked.“I'lllosewhatlittlewarmthIhave!”WhenhesawIwas4,heslowlyopenedhiscoat.

Iplacedthewarmgooseinsidehiscoat.Ricksighedhappily(舒了口气).Myplanwas5.

Onthewaydown,Istartedtoshiver(发抖).Ricksaid,“Dave,it'syourturnnow.”Hepassedmethegoose.Foralongmoment,Ijuststoodand6myfreezing(冰冷的)handsonhisbody.Wepassedthegoosebackandforth(来回地)betweenusalltheway.Finally,wegothome.

Sittingatthetable,weexplainedhowthegoosekeptusfromfreezing.“Wecan'thavehimfordinner!Thisgoosehelped7ourlives,”Isaid.

Later,wenamedthegooseCharleyandhelivedouthislifeintheyard,bossingaroundthechickensandanothergooseweboughttokeephimcompany.Alifeasthemostimportantbirdwasfittingforour8.

1.A.mountainB.islandC.lakeD.beach2.A.payingB.rushingC.showingD.calling3.A.lightlyB.secretlyC.highD.close4.A.frightenedB.regretfulC.seriousD.surprised5.A.workingB.continuingC.improvingD.changing6.A.raisedB.driedC.warmedD.examined7.A.spareB.saveC.treasureD.give8.A.leaderB.bossC.guideD.hero三、阅读理解(每题2分,共26分)阅读下列短文,根据短文内容,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选择最佳选项。APassage11.WhoisEmma'srolemodel?A.Ms.Li.B.Mrs.White.C.NormanBethune.D.YuanLongping.2.WhatdoesBettywanttobeinthefuture?A.Ateacher.B.Ascientist.C.Adoctor.D.Avolunteer.3.WhatdoweknowaboutMs.Li?A.Sheworkedinahospital.B.Shesolvedthefoodproblems.C.Sheisoldinagebutyoungatheart.D.Sheisverypatientwithherstudents.BPassage1Ijoinedaband(乐队)asadrummerinmymiddleschool.Ithoughtitwouldbefunplayingthedrumandmeetingnewfriends.Atfirstitwaseasy,butamonthlater,itgotdifficult.Iwastheonlyonewhocouldn'tkeeppace(节奏)withtheotherplayers.Ourteacher,Angie,singledmeouttokeeppracticingwhileeveryoneelsegottorelax.Ifeltashamed(羞愧的)asmyteammateswatchedmefailsomanytimes.FinallyIgotsotiredofpracticingthatIdidn'tcareaboutdoingitright.“Areyougivinguponme,Steve?”Angieasked.“Yes,Iam,”Ishouted.Angiesentmeinsidethemusicroom,whereIcriedout.Thenshecameinandsaid,“Don'tbesad.Ibelieveyoucanmakeit!”Shetoldmenevertogiveup.SheleftmealoneandIrealizedAngiewasright—bygivingup,Iwasalsogivingupontheteamandmyself.Withhercomfort,Idecidedtogoonpracticing.However,Istillcouldn'tplaywell.Knowingmydifficulties,myteammatesgavemeahand.Theyspentaboutthreemorehourspracticingwithmeeveryweek.Thankstotheirsupportandhelp,Ibegantokeeppacewiththem.Later,weperformedwonderfullyinanimportantshow.Inthewholeprocess,Iwastaughtthatalthoughweeachhadourownjobtodoinashow,itwouldtakeallofusworkingtogethertomaketheshowgreat.Ifeltacceptedandmadegreatprogress.Iloveeveryoneintheband.Ican'timaginewhatmyschoollifewouldbelikewithoutthem.1.Onemonthafterhejoinedtheband,Stevefeltplayingthedrumwas.

A.funnyB.helpfulC.noisyD.difficult2.WithAngie'scomfort,Stevedecidedto.

A.haveagoodrestB.goonpracticingC.giveothersahandD.startanotherband3.Fromhisexperience,Stevelearnedabout.

A.thevalueofteamworkB.theeffectofshowsC.theimportanceofhobbiesD.thepowerofmusicCPassage1Whatdoesitmeantobegreen?Greenismorethanjustacolor.Italsomeanstakingspecialstepstoprotecttheenvironment.Buyingagreenproductisasmallstepeveryonecantake.Decidingwhetheraproductisgreen,however,isn'talwayseasy.Weneedtoconsiderthewholelifecycleoftheproduct,evenafterit'sofnouse.Hereiswhatwemaykeepinmind.Thematerialsofaproductareusuallyourfirstfocus(关注).Whatisitmadeof?Arethereanyharmfulchemicalsinit?Greenproductsaremadeofmorenaturalmaterialswhicharefreefromharmfulchemicals,sotheycanbegoodforourphysicalhealth.Packagingisimportant.Howisaproductpackaged?Isitoverpackaged?We'dbetterchooseglass,metalandpaperpackaging,asthesecanbereusedormoreeasilyrecycled(回收利用).Wecanalsolookforlesspackagingorevenchooseunbaggedproductswheneverpossible.Location(地点)matters.Wherewasaproductproduced?Wherearewebuyingit?Thinkabouthowmuchenergywasusedtogetittous.Trytochooselocalproducts.Whenitcomestofood,itisagoodideatoorderdirectlyfromlocalfarmers,shopatmarketsandbuyfruitsinseason.Buyingfromstoresnearourhousesisalsoagoodchoice,becausewecangotherewithoutdrivingacar.Lookintowhatthecompanytellsusabouttheirproduct.It'seasytosaythataproductis“green”or“allnatural”,butthewordsmaybetoogoodtobetrue.So,muchoftheinformationaboutaproductshouldbetakenwithagrainofsalt.Afterall,companiestrytomakeusbelievethattheirproductsareenvironmentallyresponsible.

Thegreenestthingiscertainlytheonewedon'tbuy.Thingslikefoodandclothingarenecessaryforlife.Butmanyothersarenot.Betterthanbuyingischoosingtoleaveanunnecessaryproductinthestoreanddoingwithout.Itsendsamessagetotheproducer,keepsmoneyinourpockets,reduces(减少)wasteandkeepstheplanethealthy.1.Thewriterwouldsuggestchoosingaproductthatis.

A.overpackagedB.deliveredfromabroadC.locallyproducedD.madeofunnaturalmaterials2.Thewords“betakenwithagrainofsalt”inParagraph5probablymean“”.

A.beeasilyunderstoodB.notbecompletelybelievedC.bewidelyspreadD.notbequicklyforgotten3.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.BuyingGreenB.RecyclingWasteC.KeepingHealthyD.ReducingEnergyUseDPassage1APathway(路径)toMeaninginLifeWhenitcomestoameaningfullife,wemightthinkoflove,happinessandhealth.Alifefilledwithmeaningiswhatmostofuswantforourselves.Then,whatmakesameaningfullife?Manyresearchersagreethatameaningfullifecomesdowntothreefactors(因素):havinglong⁃termgoals,believingthatone'slifematters,andfeelingthatone'slifefitstogetherand“makessense”.Butwebelievethereismoretoconsider.Sometimeslifeenablesustoexperiencesmallmomentsofbeauty.Whenpeopleareopentoappreciating(欣赏)suchexperiences,thesemomentsmayimprovehowtheyseetheirownlife.Wecallthisexperientialappreciation(EA).EAisaboutthepersonfeelingconnectedtoeventsandbeingabletoappreciatethevaluewithintheconnection.Itshowsthediscoveryofandadmirationforlife'sbeauty.WerecentlysetouttobetterunderstandEAinstudies.WewereinterestedinwhetherEAwasalsotiedtogeneraljudgmentofmeaninginlife.Ifso,itcouldbeafactorformeaningfulness.Inthefirststudy,wehadpeoplerate(评估)theirsupportfordifferentmethodsofreducingstress.Wefoundthatpeoplewhomanagedstressbyfocusingontheirappreciationforlife'sbeautyalsoreportedexperiencinglifeashighlymeaningful.Inthenextstudy,weaskedpeopletoratethedegreetowhichtheyagreedwithvariousstatements,suchas“Iappreciatethebeautyoflife”and“Iappreciatelittlethingsinlife,”aswellasotherstatementsthatrelatedtothethreefactorsandageneralsenseofmeaninginlife.Ourresultsshowedthatthemorepeoplereportedthattheywere“appreciatinglife”anditsmanyexperiences,themoretheyfelttheirlifewasvaluable.Inthefollowingstudies,wefurtherlookedattheconnectionbetweenEAandmeaningfulness.Forexample,wefoundthatpeoplewhowereaskedtolookbackonthemostmeaningfuleventofthepastweekgenerallyreportedhighEAinthosemoments.Alltheresultsprovedourtheory(假设)true.Butputtingitintopracticecanbedifficult.Ourfast⁃pacedlifestylesfillthedaywithgoals.Wetrytogetthehighestoutputbothatworkandinsparetime.Thisfocusonfutureoutcomesmakesitalltooeasytomisswhatishappeningrightnow.Weshouldslowdownandletlifesurpriseus.1.YouweremostprobablyintheEAconditionwhen.

A.youmadeatravelplanforthecomingholidayB.youhurriedtoservethecustomersinthestoreC.youpracticedhardtobecomethebestviolinistD.youstoppedtoadmiretherosesbytheroadside2.Whatcanwelearnfromthestudiesmentionedinthepassage?A.Thinkingbacktothepastweakensoursenseofmeaning.B.Enjoyingsmallthingscaninfluenceourattitudetowardlife.C.Properstressmanagementisthekeytolivingasatisfyinglife.D.Goodjudgmentonbeautyimprovesconnectionsamongpeople.3.Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytellus?A.Itiseasierforresults⁃drivenpeopletoachievesuccess.B.Weoftenturnablindeyetothepresentmoment.C.Afast⁃pacedlifestylehelpsusreachourgoals.D.Futurelifewillbringusmanymoresurprises.4.Whatisthewriter'smainpurposeinwritingthispassage?A.Toexplainhowtodiscoverbeautyinlife.B.Todiscusswhatthetruemeaningoflifeis.C.Tointroduceanewfactorforameaningfullife.D.Tocomparedifferentfactorsformeaningfulness.第二部分本部分共6题,共20分。根据题目要求,完成相应任务。四、阅读表达(每题2分,共10分)阅读短文,根据短文内容回答问题。Passage1WorkingOutthroughOnlineVideosPhysicalexerciseisgoodforourmind,bodyandspirit.Today,workingoutthroughonlinevideosisbecomingverypopular.SincetheInternetiswidelyused,it'sveryeasyforustodoso.Thatmeanswecanworkoutanytimeanywhere.Oneofmyfriends,LinFei,followedshortworkoutvideostododailyexercise.“Withliveprograms,Ifeellikeworkingoutwithmyfriends,whichencouragesmetoholdontothelastminute,”shesaid.Anotherfriendofmine,Michael,toldmethatworkoutvideoslethimfeelsocomfortable.“Ihaveafearofworkingoutatthegym(健身房),becauseIdon'tlikebeingwatchedbyothers.Workingoutathomemakesworkingoutmuchmoreenjoyable,”hesaid.Withtheirexamples,Idecidedtogiveitatry.WhenItoldmyplantomyeldersister,aP.E.teacher,sheremindedmethatworkoutvideoscouldbehelpfulbutmightstillcarrysomeproblems.“Withoutbeingwithsomeoneinperson,youwillbelesswilling(愿意的)toworkouttoyourbest.Workingoutatthegymallowsyoutohaveadviceinrealtimeandgetpushedharder,”mysistersaidtome.“Well,ifyoureallywanttohaveatry,first,chooseproperprogramsorvideos.That'sveryimportant.Andthenaskyourfriendsforadvice.Theirexperiencescangiveyouagoodsightintowhatyoucanexpect.Anyway,don'tbeaddicted(沉迷的)toit.Youshouldtrydifferentwaystoworkouttobehealthy.”Athersuggestions,Ifinallyfollowedanonlineworkoutprogramwithpersonalizedhelpthatisheldforthreemonths.Afterthefirstperiodoftraining,IfeltitverypracticalandhelpfulwhenIputintherightamount(量)ofworkalongwithastrongwill.Comparedwithgoingtothegym,usingonlinevideostoworkoutisamuchcheaperandtime⁃savingchoice.ButitcanbedifficultsometimeswhenI'mtoolazyortoobusytosticktoit.1.Whichwaytoworkoutisbecomingverypopulartoday?

2.WhydoesMichaeldislikeworkingoutatthegym?

3.Whatistheproblemofworkingoutwithoutsomeoneelseinperson?

4.Howdidthewriterfeelabouthisfirstperiodoftraining?

5.Wouldyouliketofollowonlinevideostoworkout?Whyorwhynot?

五、文段表达(10分)1.从下面两个题目中任选一题,根据所给提示,完成一篇不少于50词的英语文段写作。文中已给出内容不计入总词数。所给提示词语仅供选用。请不要写出你的校名和姓名。Writing1题目①假定你是李华,你的英国笔友Chris对中国文化很感兴趣。他给你发来邮件,询问中国人日常生活中的基本社交礼仪,如待人接物、餐桌礼仪等。请你用英语回复一封邮件,介绍你所知道的相关礼仪。提示词语:manners,shakehands,polite,gift,chopsticks提示问题:·Whatdowedowhenwemeetpeopleforthefirsttime?·Howdowebehaveproperlyattable?DearChris,I'mgladtoknowthatyou'reinterestedinChinesesocialmanners.

Ihopetheaboveishelpful.Pleasefeelfreetoaskformoreinformation.Yours,LiHua题目②某英文网站正在开展以“提升效率”为主题的征文活动。假定你是李华,请用英语写一篇短文投稿,谈谈你在学习或生活中是如何提升效率的,取得了什么效果。提示词语:plan,task,attention,makeuseof,progress提示问题:·Howdoyouincreaseyourefficiency(效率)?·Whathaveyouachieved?Highefficiencyisimportantforabusystudent.

2022年北京市初中学业水平考试英语答案解析(满分:60分考试时间:90分钟)一、单项填空(每题0.5分,共6分)从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1.B考查人称代词。此空指代Mysister,是第三人称单数、女性,且作后一个分句的主语,应用she,故选B。2.A考查时间介词。at可以和时间点搭配;on表示在具体某一天;in表示一段时间(如世纪、年份、季节、月份等);to差,离。此处指在每周五下午三点钟,故选A。3.C考查情态动词。句意:——我可以在这里拍照吗?——抱歉,你不能。在博物馆里不允许拍照。must必须;need需要;can表示请求允许;will将要。故选C。4.B考查形容词比较级的用法。句意:在上了网球课以后,蒂姆比去年强壮多了。由空后的than可知应用形容词比较级,故选B。5.A考查疑问副词词组的用法。句意:——这次刘洋会在太空站待多久?——六个月。答语是一段时间,所以要用howlong来提问,因此选A。6.D考查并列连词。句意:史密斯先生帮助了我很多,因此我对他很感激。or或者,否则;but但是;for因为;so因此,所以。此处表示因果,且为前“因”后“果”,故选D。7.D考查现在进行时。句意:工作人员现在正在清扫社区活动中心。结合句意和now可知,应用现在进行时,故选D。8.A考查一般将来时。句意:不要灰心。如果你坚持努力,有一天你会获得成功。此处为含有if引导的条件状语从句的主从复合句,主句用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时。故选A。9.C考查过去进行时。根据rang可知此处指过去的某一时刻正在做某事,所以用过去进行时,故选C。10.D考查现在完成时。句意:自吉姆开始在我们学校学习以来,他已经学了很多关于中国文化的知识了。由since后跟的时态为一般过去时的从句可知,主句用现在完成时,故选D。11.C考查一般现在时的被动语态。tealeaves与pick是被动关系,所以用被动语态,根据“whentheyareready”可知用一般现在时。故选C。12.B考查宾语从句。根据宾语从句要用陈述句语序的原则,排除A和C;答语在回答建国家公园的原因,故选B。Cloze1本文为记叙文,作者本想从Tommie叔叔家拿只鹅作为圣诞节的晚餐。但在回家的途中,这只鹅帮助作者哥俩在风雪交加的天气里渡过难关。主题语境属于“人与自然”范畴中的“环境保护”主题群,涉及子主题“种植与养殖,热爱并善待生命”。1.A根据上文可知,此处表示山上要下雪了。故选A。2.B根据下文可知,风越刮越大,所以Tommie叔叔想让作者哥俩赶快回家。rush表示“迅速送(某人或某物)”。故选B。3.D根据上文可知,他们爬到半山腰时,雪下得很大,因此作者紧紧地抱住鹅。故选D。4.C句意:当他看到我是认真的时,他慢慢地解开外套。serious认真的。5.A根据上文可知,Rick舒了口气。由此可知作者的计划起作用了。故选A。6.C根据语境可知,此处表示作者用鹅的身体温暖冻僵的双手。故选C。7.B根据上文可知,从Tommie叔叔家拿的这只鹅帮助作者哥俩在风雪交加的天气里取暖,渡过难关。此处表示这只鹅救了哥俩的命。故选B。8.D由上文可知,这只鹅的地位和待遇很高。而只有这样才能和曾救了作者哥俩的命的英雄匹配。APassage1本文是应用文,主要介绍四位中学生各自的榜样人物。1.D细节理解题。根据“YuanLongpingismyrolemodel.”可知袁隆平是Emma的榜样,故选D。2.A细节理解题。根据“SoMrs.Whiteismyrolemodel,andIwanttobeateacherlikeherinthefuture.”可知Betty想成为一名老师,故选A。3.C细节理解题。根据“Sheisinhereightiesnowbutsheisstillyoungatheart.”可知Ms.Li年纪大了,但内心年轻,故选C。BPassage1本文是记叙文,主要讲述了Steve在老师和团队的帮助下克服困难,坚持刻苦训练,最终与乐队共同出色完成重要表演的故事。主题语境属于“人与自我”主题范畴中“生活与学习”这一主题群,涉及子主题“身心健康,抗挫能力,珍爱生命的意识”。1.D细节理解题。根据第一段中“Atfirstitwaseasy,butamonthlater,itgotdifficult.”可知加入乐队一个月后,Steve感觉打鼓是困难的,故选D。2.B细节理解题。根据第五段中“Withhercomfort,Idecidedtogoonpracticing.”可知在Angie的安慰下Steve决定继续练习,故选B。3.A推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Inthewholeprocess,Iwastaughtthatalthoughweeachhadourownjobtodoinashow,itwouldtakeallofusworkingtogethertomaketheshowgreat.”可以推断出Steve从中学到了团队合作的价值,故选A。CPassage1本文是说明文,主要从产品的材料、包装、产地等方面介绍鉴别绿色产品的方法。主题语境属于“人与自然”主题范畴中“环境保护”这一主题群,涉及子主题“环境污染及原因,环保意识和行为”。1.C细节理解题。由第三段中“Wecanalsolookforlesspackagingorevenchooseunbaggedproductswheneverpossible.”可知A项错误;由第四段中“Trytochooselocalproducts.”可知B项错误,C项正确;由第二段中“Greenproductsaremadeofmorenaturalmaterialswhicharefreefromharmfulchemicals”可知D项错误。2.B词义猜测题。根据画线部分所在句的前一句“It'seasytosaythataproductis‘green’or‘allnatural’,butthewordsmaybetoogoodtobetrue.”可知,说一种产品是“环保的”或“纯天然的”很容易,但这些话可能好得令人难以置信。结合画线部分所在句的So可推断此处指对于产品的许多信息不要完全相信,故选B。3.A标题归纳题。本文主要是从产品的材料、包装、产地等方面介绍鉴别绿色产品的方法。由此可知,文章最好的标题是A项(购买绿色产品)。DPassage1本文是议论文,主要介绍“体验生活之美”和“过有意义的人生”两者关系的科学研究。主题语境属于“人与自我”主题范畴中“生活与学习”这一主题群,涉及子主题“丰富、充实、积极向上的生活”。1.D推理判断题。根据第三段中“EAisaboutthepersonfeelingconnectedtoeventsandbeingabletoappreciatethevaluewithintheconnection.Itshowsthediscoveryofandadmirationforlife'sbeauty.”可知,EA是指人能感觉到事件间的联系,并能够在这种联系中欣赏其价值。它展示了对生活之美的发现和赞赏。根据EA的定义可以推论出D项(你停下来欣赏路边的玫瑰)符合EA状态,故选D。2.B推理判断题。根据第七段中“Forexample,wefound...highEAinthosemoments.”可知,回顾过去有意义的事可提升EA,排除A项;根据第六段中“suchas‘Iappreciatethebeautyoflife’...theirlifewasvaluable”可推测,享受小事影响我们的生活态度,B项正确;根据第五段中“Wefoundthatpeople...ashighlymeaningful.”可知,通过欣赏生活中美好的东西来管理压力的人觉得体验生活有意义,但不是关键,排除C项;根据第三段中“Whenpeopleare...theyseetheirownlife.”可知,对美的判断力可能会改善他们对自己生活的看法,不能改变与他人的联系,排除D项。3.B段落大意题。根据最后一段中“Thisfocusonfutureoutcomesmakesitalltooeasytomisswhatishappeningrightnow.”可知,这种对未来结果的关注使人们很容易错过目前正在发生的事情。B项(我们经常对现在的时刻视而不见)最符合本段主题,故选B。4.C写作目的题。文章阐释了一条实现有意义的生活的新路径,那就是发现并欣赏生活的美。因此可以推断作者的写作目的是为有意义的生活引入新因素,故选C。Passage1本篇文章体裁为议论文,主要论述通过在线视频健身的优点和缺点。主题语境属于“人与自我”主题范畴中的“生活与学习”这一主题群,涉及的子主题为“运动与