2026年福建省北师大版初中英语下册第5单元语法专项练习题

2026年福建省北师大版初中英语下册第5单元语法专项练习题一、单项选择题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Thenewsciencemuseuminourcity______lastmonth,andithasattractedmanyvisitorssincethen.A.openedB)opensC)hasopenedD)willopen解析：本题考查一般过去时态。根据句中时间状语"lastmonth"可知，动作发生在过去，且句子描述的是过去发生的动作对现在的影响，需用一般过去时态。选项B为一般现在时，选项C为现在完成时，选项D为一般将来时，均不符合语境。故选A。2.Mysister______anewcaryesterday,butshedidn'tlikeitscolorverymuch.A.boughtB)buysC)hasboughtD)wasbuying解析：本题考查一般过去时态。根据句中时间状语"yesterday"可知，动作发生在过去，且句子描述的是过去发生的动作，需用一般过去时态。选项B为一般现在时，选项C为现在完成时，选项D为过去进行时，均不符合语境。故选A。3.______youfinishyourhomework,youcanwatchTV.A.AssoonasB)UntilC)BeforeD)After解析：本题考查时间状语从句。根据句意"你一完成作业就可以看电视"，需用"assoonas"引导的状语从句，表示"一...就..."。选项B"until"表示"直到"，选项C"before"表示"在...之前"，选项D"after"表示"在...之后"，均不符合语境。故选A。4.Theteachertoldthestudentsthatthey______morecarefullynexttimeiftheywanttopasstheexam.A.shouldworkB)mustworkC)wouldworkD)needwork解析：本题考查情态动词表建议。根据句意"如果他们想通过考试，老师告诉学生们下次应该更仔细"，需用情态动词"should"表建议。选项B"must"表示"必须"，语气过于强硬；选项C"would"表示"会"，不符合语境；选项D"need"缺少助动词"to"，语法错误。故选A。5.Myparents______metotheconcertlastnight,butIwastootiredtogo.A.tookB)hadtakenC)takeD)willtake解析：本题考查一般过去时态。根据句中时间状语"lastnight"可知，动作发生在过去，且"took"为一般过去时的正确形式。选项B为过去完成时，选项C为一般现在时，选项D为一般将来时，均不符合语境。故选A。6.She______tothelibraryeverydaytoborrowbooks,butshehasn'tgonetherethisweek.A.goesB)hasgoneC)wentD)willgo解析：本题考查一般现在时与现在完成时的区别。根据句意"她每天去图书馆借书，但本周没去"，前半句描述经常性动作，需用一般现在时；后半句描述本周未发生的动作，需用现在完成时。选项B为现在完成时，选项C为一般过去时，选项D为一般将来时，均不符合语境。故选A。7.Thestudents______theirfinalexamnextmonth,sotheyarestudyinghard.A.willhaveB)arehavingC)aregoingtohaveD)have解析：本题考查将来时态。根据句意"学生们下个月要参加期末考试"，需用"begoingto"表计划或安排。选项A"willhave"表示"将会有"，但缺少"be"动词；选项B"arehaving"表示"正在参加"，不符合语境；选项D"have"为现在时，不符合语境。故选C。8.Mybrother______acoldlastweek,sohestayedathome.A.caughtB)hascaughtC)wascatchingD)willcatch解析：本题考查一般过去时态。根据句中时间状语"lastweek"可知，动作发生在过去，且"caught"为一般过去时的正确形式。选项B为现在完成时，选项C为过去进行时，选项D为一般将来时，均不符合语境。故选A。9.Thetrain______at8:00thismorning,andit______alreadyarrived.A.left/hasarrivedB)hasleft/arrivedC)left/arrivedD)wasleaving/hasarrived解析：本题考查一般过去时与现在完成时的区别。根据句意"火车今早8点出发，现在已经到达"，第一空描述过去发生的动作，需用一般过去时；第二空描述过去动作对现在的影响，需用现在完成时。故选A。10.Ifit______tomorrow,we______gotothebeach.A.rains/won'tgoB)won'train/willgoC)rains/willgoD)doesn'train/won'tgo解析：本题考查条件状语从句。根据句意"如果明天下雨，我们就不会去海滩"，需用"if"引导的条件状语从句，从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时。选项A和D的从句时态错误；选项C的主句时态错误。故选B。二、填空题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.She______(notwatch)TVlastnightbecauseshehadtofinishherhomework.参考答案：didn'twatch解析：本题考查一般过去时态。根据句中时间状语"lastnight"可知，动词需用一般过去时态，且助动词"didn't"与动词原形"watch"搭配。2.We______(go)tothezoonextSundayiftheweather______(be)nice.参考答案：willgo/is解析：本题考查条件状语从句。主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时。3.Mysister______(study)Englishforthreeyears,andshe______(improve)alot.参考答案：hasstudied/hasimproved解析：本题考查现在完成时态。前半句描述动作从过去持续到现在，后半句描述动作对现在的影响。4.Thestudents______(notfinish)theirprojectyet,butthey______(try)theirbest.参考答案：haven'tfinished/aretrying解析：本题考查现在完成时与现在进行时。前半句描述动作未完成，后半句描述正在进行的动作。5.IfI______(have)enoughmoneynextyear,I______(travel)toJapan.参考答案：have/willtravel解析：本题考查条件状语从句。从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时。6.He______(notsee)hisparentsfortwomonths,soheisverylonely.参考答案：hasn'tseen解析：本题考查现在完成时态。根据时间状语"fortwomonths"可知，需用现在完成时。7.Theteachertoldusthatwe______(be)carefulwiththeexperimentnexttime.参考答案：shouldbe解析：本题考查情态动词表建议。需用"should"引导的动词原形。8.Mybrother______(break)hisarmlastweek,buthe______(feel)betternow.参考答案：broke/isfeeling解析：本题考查一般过去时与现在进行时。前半句描述过去发生的动作，后半句描述现在正在发生的状态。9.Ifit______(rain)tomorrow,we______(stay)athomeinsteadofgoingout.参考答案：rains/willstay解析：本题考查条件状语从句。从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时。10.She______(notgo)tothepartylastnightbecauseshewassick.参考答案：didn'tgo解析：本题考查一般过去时态。根据句中时间状语"lastnight"可知，动词需用一般过去时态，且助动词"didn't"与动词原形"go"搭配。三、判断题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Theboyhasbrokenhisleg,sohecan'tplaybasketballnow.(√)解析：本题考查现在完成时态。"hasbroken"表示过去发生的动作对现在的影响，符合语境。2.Shewenttothelibraryyesterday,butshedidn'tfindanyinterestingbooks.(√)解析：本题考查一般过去时态。"went"表示过去发生的动作，符合语境。3.Ifitdoesn'traintomorrow,wewillgotothepark.(√)解析：本题考查条件状语从句。从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时，符合语法规则。4.Theyhavefinishedtheirhomework,sotheycanwatchTVnow.(√)解析：本题考查现在完成时态。"havefinished"表示动作完成对现在的影响，符合语境。5.Mysisterwillbuyanewcarnextmonth,butshehasn'tdecidedyet.(√)解析：本题考查一般将来时态。"willbuy"表示未来的计划，符合语境。6.Thestudentswerestudyingwhentheteachercameintotheclassroom.(√)解析：本题考查过去进行时态。"werestudying"表示过去正在进行的动作，符合语境。7.IfIhaveenoughmoney,IwilltraveltoEuropenextyear.(√)解析：本题考查条件状语从句。从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时，符合语法规则。8.ShehasvisitedtheGreatWalltwice,butshehasn'tbeentherethisyear.(√)解析：本题考查现在完成时态。"hasvisited"表示过去发生的动作对现在的影响，符合语境。9.Theboydidn'tgotoschoolyesterdaybecausehewassick.(√)解析：本题考查一般过去时态。"didn'tgo"表示过去未发生的动作，符合语境。10.Myparentsaregoingtotakemetotheconcertnextweek,butIamnotsureyet.(√)解析：本题考查"begoingto"表计划。符合语境。四、简答题（总共8题，每题2分，共16分）1.Explainthedifferencebetween"will"and"begoingto"infuturetense.参考答案："Will"isusedforpredictionsorspontaneousdecisions,while"begoingto"isusedforplansorintentions.Forexample,"Itwillraintomorrow"isaprediction,while"Iamgoingtostudytomorrow"isaplan.2.Whatisthefunctionof"has/have"inthepresentperfecttense?参考答案："Has/have"isusedtoformthepresentperfecttense,whichindicatesanactionthatstartedinthepastandcontinuestothepresent,oranactionthathasaresultinthepresent.Forexample,"Shehaslivedhereforfiveyears."3.Howdoyouformanegativesentenceinthepastsimpletense?参考答案：Toformanegativesentenceinthepastsimpletense,use"didnot"(didn't)beforethebaseformoftheverb.Forexample,"Hedidn'tgotoschoolyesterday."4.Whatisthestructureofaconditionalsentencetype1?参考答案：Conditionalsentencetype1hastwoclauses:the"if"clause(presentsimple)andthemainclause(futuresimple).Forexample,"Ifitrains,Iwillstayhome."5.Whydoweusethepresentperfecttensewith"for"and"since"?参考答案：Thepresentperfecttenseisusedwith"for"(duration)and"since"(startingpoint)toindicateanactionthatstartedinthepastandcontinuestothepresent.Forexample,"IhavestudiedEnglishforthreeyears."6.Howdoyouformaquestioninthepresentperfecttense?参考答案：Toformaquestioninthepresentperfecttense,use"have/has"beforethesubjectandthepastparticipleoftheverb.Forexample,"Haveyoufinishedyourhomework?"7.Whatisthedifferencebetween"must"and"should"?参考答案："Must"isusedforstrongobligations,while"should"isusedforadvice.Forexample,"Youmustfinishyourwork"isstrongerthan"Youshouldfinishyourwork."8.Howdoyouuse"too"and"either"innegativesentences?参考答案："Too"isusedinaffirmativesentences,while"either"isusedinnegativesentences.Forexample,"Heistootired"(affirmative),"Heisnottiredeither"(negative).五、应用题（总共8题，每题4分，共24分）1.Rewritethefollowingsentenceinthepastsimpletense:"Shewillvisithergrandparentsnextweek."参考答案：Shevisitedhergrandparentslastweek.解析：将一般将来时改为一般过去时，动词"willvisit"变为"visited"。2.Changethefollowingsentenceintoanegativesentence:"Theyareplayingbasketballnow."参考答案：Theyarenotplayingbasketballnow.解析：在系动词"are"后加"not"构成否定句。3.Completethefollowingsentencewiththecorrectformoftheverbinbrackets:"IfI______(have)money,I______(buy)acar."参考答案：have/willbuy解析：从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时。4.Transformthefollowingsentenceintothepresentperfecttense:"Hefinishedhishomeworkyesterday."参考答案：Hehasfinishedhishomework.解析：将一般过去时改为现在完成时，动词"finished"变为"hasfinished"。5.Writeasentenceusingthepresentperfecttensewith"forfiveyears":参考答案：Shehaslivedinthiscityforfiveyears.解析：用现在完成时态表示动作从过去持续到现在。6.Changethefollowingsentenceintoaquestion:"Youhaveeatendinner."参考答案：Haveyoueatendinner?解析：将陈述句改为一般疑问句，"have"提前至主语前。7.Completethefollowingsentencewiththecorrectformoftheverbinbrackets:"Ifit______(rain)tomorrow,we______(go)tothebeach."参考答案：rains/willgo解析：从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时。8.Writeasentenceusing"should"togiveadvice:参考答案：Youshouldstudyhardertopasstheexam.解析：用情态动词"should"表示建议。【标准答案及解析】一、单项选择题1-5AABAA6-10BCCBB二、填空题1-5didn'twatch/willgo/is/hasstudied/hasimproved6-10hasn'tseen/isfeeling/rains/willstay/didn'tgo三、判断题1-10√√√√√√√√√√四、简答题1."Will"isusedforpredictionsorspontaneousdecisions,while"begoingto"isusedforplansorintentions.Forexample,"Itwillraintomorrow"isaprediction,while"Iamgoingtostudytomorrow"isaplan.2."Has/have"isusedtoformthepresentperfecttense,whichindicatesanactionthatstartedinthepastandcontinuestothepresent,oranactionthathasaresultinthepresent.Forexample,"Shehaslivedhereforfiveyears."3.Toformanegativesentenceinthepastsimpletense,use"didnot"(didn't)beforethebaseformoftheverb.Forexample,"Hedidn'tgotoschoolyesterday."4.Conditionalsentencetype1hastwoclauses:the"if"clause(presentsimple)andthemainclause(futuresimple).Forexample,