2026年四川省初中英语第12单元阅读理解练习题

2026年四川省初中英语第12单元阅读理解练习题一、单项选择题（每题2分，共20分）1.Inthepassage,"theGreatBarrierReef"ismentionedasanexampleofaplacewherecoralbleachinghasbecomeaseriousproblem.Whatdoesthisdetailmainlyserveinthetext?A.Toprovideaspecificcasestudyofmarineecosystemdamagecausedbyclimatechange.B.Tointroduceanewtopicunrelatedtothemainargumentaboutoceanpollution.C.Tosuggestthatcoralreefsaretheonlyecosystemsaffectedbyenvironmentalissues.D.Toarguethathumanactivitieshavenoimpactonunderwaterbiodiversity.（解析：选项A正确，文章通过大堡礁的案例具体说明气候变化对海洋生态系统的危害，符合单元主题“环境保护与生物多样性”。选项B错误，该案例与海洋污染无关。选项C错误，文章强调多种生态系统受影响。选项D错误，与单元核心观点矛盾。）2.Accordingtothepassage,whatistheprimarycauseofcoralbleachingaccordingtoscientists?A.Overfishingintropicalwaters.B.Increasedwatertemperatureduetoglobalwarming.C.Pollutionfromcoastaltourism.D.Naturalseasonalchangesinoceanchemistry.（解析：选项B正确，文章明确指出水温升高是珊瑚白化的主因，与单元“气候变化与生态危机”主题一致。选项A、C是次要因素，选项D与科学共识不符。）3.Thephrase"adouble-edgedsword"inthepassagerefersto:A.Atoolthatisusefulbutdangerous.B.Aproblemwithtwoequallyharmfulsolutions.C.Apositivedevelopmentwithunexpectednegativeconsequences.D.Anaturalprocessthatbenefitssomespeciesbutharmsothers.（解析：选项C正确，文章讨论科技发展（如海洋监测）既能保护生态又可能加剧人类活动影响，体现“双刃剑”效应。选项A、B、D均偏离语境。）4.Whatdoestheauthorimplyaboutthefutureofmarineecosystemsifcurrenttrendscontinue?A.Theywillrecovernaturallywithouthumanintervention.B.Theywillfacemoreseverethreatsduetoclimatechange.C.Theywillthrivebecauseoftechnologicaladvancements.D.Theywillstabilizeasgovernmentsimplementstricterlaws.（解析：选项B正确，文章暗示若不改变现状，海洋生态将持续恶化，呼应单元“生态危机的紧迫性”主题。选项A、C、D过于乐观或与文意矛盾。）5.Howdoesthepassagestructureitsargumentaboutcoralreefs?A.Bypresentingonlyscientificdatawithoutdiscussion.B.Bycomparingpastandpresentcoralconditions.C.Byusingaproblem-solutionframework.D.Byfocusingsolelyonhumanresponsibilityfortheproblem.（解析：选项C正确，文章先提出珊瑚白化问题，再讨论科技监测等解决方案，符合单元“问题解决型论述”特点。选项A、B、D片面。）6.Whatistheauthor'smainpurposeinwritingthispassage?A.Topersuadereaderstostopalltourismincoastalareas.B.Toexplainthescientificprocessofcoralbleaching.C.Toraiseawarenessaboutthethreatstomarinebiodiversity.D.Topromotetheuseofadvancedtechnologyforoceanprotection.（解析：选项C正确，文章核心是警示海洋生态危机，与单元“环境问题意识培养”目标一致。选项A、B、D仅涉及部分内容。）7.Theword"sustainable"inthepassageisclosestinmeaningto:A.TemporaryB.EnvironmentallyfriendlyC.ExpensiveD.Short-term（解析：选项B正确，文章强调可持续性发展，与单元“可持续发展理念”一致。选项A、C、D与语境无关。）8.Whatdoesthepassagesuggestabouttheroleofgovernmentsinaddressingcoralbleaching?A.Governmentsshouldfocusonlyoninternationalagreements.B.Governmentsmustinvestinbothresearchandpolicy.C.Governmentsshouldavoidregulationstopreventeconomicloss.D.Governmentsshouldrelysolelyonlocalcommunitiesforsolutions.（解析：选项B正确，文章提到政策与科研并重，符合单元“多方协作解决环境问题”观点。选项A、C、D过于绝对。）9.Howdoesthepassageusestatisticstosupportitsclaims?A.Bypresentingexactnumbersofaffectedcorals.B.Bycomparinghistoricalandcurrentdatatrends.C.Bylistingtheeconomiccostsofcoralloss.D.Byshowingthepercentageofscientistssupportingconservation.（解析：选项B正确，文章通过数据趋势论证问题严重性，呼应单元“数据驱动论证”技巧。选项A、C、D未在文中体现。）10.Whatisthemostlikelyeffectofthepassageonreaders?A.Itwillmakethemindifferenttooceanissues.B.Itwillencouragethemtosupportconservationefforts.C.Itwillmakethemdoubttheseverityofcoralbleaching.D.Itwillmakethembelievetechnologyalonecansolvetheproblem.（解析：选项B正确，文章旨在唤起环保意识，符合单元“情感态度与价值观”培养目标。选项A、C、D与预期效果相反。）二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）1.Thepassagestatesthatcoralreefsareoftencalled"therainforestsofthesea"becausetheysupport_______speciescomparedtoothermarineenvironments.（参考答案：farmore；解析：根据单元“海洋生物多样性”知识点，文章强调珊瑚礁生态价值，填“farmore”符合文意。）2.Scientistsbelievethatifglobaltemperaturesriseby_______degreesCelsius,mostcoralreefscouldbeseverelydamagedby2050.（参考答案：1to1.5；解析：单元涉及气候科学知识，文中提及该温度区间与单元“气候临界点”主题相关。）3.Thepassagementionsthatsomecoralspeciescanrecoverifwatertemperaturesreturnto_______levelswithinacertainperiod.（参考答案：normal；解析：单元强调生态韧性，文章指出“normallevels”是珊瑚恢复条件，与单元“生态恢复机制”一致。）4.Akeytechnologicaladvancementmentionedinthepassageistheuseof_______tomonitoroceanconditionsfromspace.（参考答案：satellites；解析：单元涉及科技应用，文中提到卫星监测技术，与单元“科技助力环保”主题契合。）5.Thepassagesuggeststhattourismcanharmcoralreefsthroughactivitiessuchas_______andanchordropping.（参考答案：divingorsnorkeling；解析：单元讨论人类活动影响，文章提及旅游破坏方式，填“divingorsnorkeling”符合文意。）6.Tohelpprotectcoralreefs,thepassagerecommendsreducingcarbonemissionsbyusingmore_______energysources.（参考答案：renewable；解析：单元强调能源转型，文中建议“renewableenergy”以减缓气候变化，与单元“可持续发展路径”相关。）7.Thephrase"acidification"inthepassagereferstotheincreaseinocean_______levelsduetocarbondioxideabsorption.（参考答案：acidity；解析：单元涉及海洋化学知识，文章解释酸化现象，填“acidity”符合单元“海洋酸化”主题。）8.Asuccessfulconservationprogrammentionedinthepassageincludesestablishing_______zoneswherefishingisrestricted.（参考答案：marineprotected；解析：单元讨论保护措施，文中提到“marineprotectedareas”，与单元“生态保护区”概念一致。）9.Thepassagenotesthatsomecoralspecieshavedeveloped_______tosurviveinwarmerwaters.（参考答案：adaptations；解析：单元强调生物进化，文章提及珊瑚适应能力，与单元“生物多样性适应”主题相关。）10.Theauthorconcludesthatprotectingcoralreefsrequiresa_______approachinvolvinggovernments,scientists,andcommunities.（参考答案：collaborative；解析：单元强调多方合作，文章结尾提到“collaborativeefforts”，与单元“生态保护协作模式”主题一致。）三、判断题（每题2分，共20分）1.Thepassagesuggeststhatallcoralspecieswilldieiftheoceanbecomestoowarm.（参考答案：错误；解析：文章指出部分珊瑚能适应，并非全部灭绝，与单元“生态韧性”知识点矛盾。）2.Accordingtothepassage,tourismisthemaincauseofcoralbleachingworldwide.（参考答案：错误；解析：文章承认旅游影响，但主因是水温升高，与单元“科学归因”原则一致。）3.Thepassageimpliesthatgovernmentsshouldnotspendmoneyoncoralreefresearchbecauseitistooexpensive.（参考答案：错误；解析：文章强调科研投入的重要性，与单元“科学决策”观点相符。）4.Theauthorbelievesthattechnologyalonecansolvetheproblemofoceanpollution.（参考答案：错误；解析：文章指出科技需结合政策，避免绝对化，与单元“综合解决方案”理念一致。）5.Thepassagestatesthatcoralreefsareonlyfoundintropicalregions.（参考答案：正确；解析：单元明确指出珊瑚礁分布范围，与地理知识吻合。）6.Theauthorsuggeststhatpeopleshouldnotvisitcoralreefsatalltoprotectthem.（参考答案：错误；解析：文章建议负责任旅游，而非完全禁止，与单元“平衡发展”观点相符。）7.Thepassagementionsthatcoralreefscannotrecoverfromdamagecausedbyclimatechange.（参考答案：错误；解析：文章提到部分珊瑚可恢复，与单元“生态修复可能”主题一致。）8.Theauthorbelievesthatindividualactionshavenoimpactonoceanhealth.（参考答案：错误；解析：文章鼓励个人参与环保，与单元“全民参与”理念相符。）9.Thepassagesuggeststhatallscientistsagreeonthecausesofcoralbleaching.（参考答案：错误；解析：文章未提共识，强调研究持续，与单元“科学探索精神”原则一致。）10.Theauthorconcludesthatcoralreefswilldisappearcompletelyby2030.（参考答案：错误；解析：文章预测2050年危机，未提2030年，与单元“时间预测严谨性”要求相符。）四、简答题（每题2分，共16分）1.Explainwhycoralreefsaredescribedas"therainforestsofthesea"inthepassage.（参考答案：珊瑚礁虽小，却像热带雨林一样支持极高生物多样性，为鱼类、贝类等提供栖息地，维持海洋生态平衡。单元强调生态价值，需结合“生物多样性热点区域”知识点作答。）2.Whataretwowaysthathumanactivitiescontributetocoralbleachingaccordingtothepassage?（参考答案：①水温升高导致珊瑚应激白化；②污染（如化学物质、过度旅游）破坏珊瑚共生藻类。单元需结合“环境压力来源”知识点，分点清晰。）3.Describehowtechnologycanhelpprotectcoralreefsasmentionedinthepassage.（参考答案：①卫星监测气候变化趋势；②水下机器人清理污染物；③基因工程培育耐热珊瑚。单元需结合“科技与环保”主题，突出创新性。）4.Whydoesthepassagesuggestthatprotectingcoralreefsrequiresacollaborativeapproach?（参考答案：①政府制定政策法规；②科学家研发解决方案；③社区参与可持续实践。单元需结合“多方协作”知识点，体现系统性思维。）5.Whatdoesthepassageimplyaboutthefutureofmarineecosystemsifcurrenttrendscontinue?（参考答案：海洋生物多样性将持续下降，渔业资源减少，气候灾害加剧。单元需结合“生态危机预警”主题，强调紧迫性。）6.Howdoesthepassagebalancescientificinformationwithpracticalsolutions?（参考答案：先分析问题（数据、原因），再提出对策（政策、科技、个人行动）。单元需结合“科学-实践结合”方法论，突出逻辑性。）7.Whatisthemainmessagetheauthorwantsreaderstotakeawayfromthepassage?（参考答案：海洋生态危机需立即行动，通过科技、政策、个人努力共同保护。单元需结合“价值观引导”目标，强调责任感。）8.Whydoesthepassagementionboththeseverityoftheproblemandthepossibilityofsolutions?（参考答案：既警示危机以引起重视，又提供希望以激发行动。单元需结合“平衡论说”技巧，体现客观性与积极性。）五、应用题（每题4分，共24分）1.CaseStudy:AsmallcoastaltowninThailanddependsontourismfor80%ofitsincome,butrecentyearshaveseencoralbleachinginlocalreefs.Thetowncouncilisconsideringthreeoptions:a.Closealltouristaccesstocoralareaspermanently.b.Investinartificialreefstoattracttouristswhileprotectingnaturalones.c.Promotesustainabletourism(e.g.,limiteddivingzones,eco-friendlyresorts).Whichoptiondoyourecommend?Explainyourreasoningusingatleasttwopointsfromthepassage.（参考答案：建议选项C。①单元强调平衡发展，可持续旅游既能保护生态又能维持经济；②文中提到科技监测可优化管理，人工礁效果有限。需结合“经济-生态平衡”知识点。）2.Imagineyouareamiddleschoolstudent.Writeashortparagraph(50words)toyourschoolnewspaperabouthowyoucanhelpprotectcoralreefs.（参考答案：示例：我们可以减少塑料使用，节约能源，参与海滩清洁。单元需结合“个人行动力”主题，突出实践性。）3.Thepassagementionsthatsomecoralspeciesaremoreresistanttoheatthanothers.Ifyouwereascientiststudyingcoraladaptation,whatexperimentswouldyoudesign?（参考答案：①对比耐热与不耐热珊瑚的基因差异；②模拟不同水温环境观察珊瑚存活率。单元需结合“科学探究方法”知识点，体现严谨性。）4.Createatable(3rows×3columns)summarizingthreemajorthreatstocoralreefs,threesolutionsmentionedinthepassage,andthreeactionsindividualscantake.（参考答案：|Threat|Solution|IndividualAction||---------------|-----------------|------------------------||温度升高|政策减排|节约用电||污染物|建立保护区|减少塑料使用||过度捕捞|科技监测|参与环保活动|单元需结合“问题-对策-行动”框架，突出系统性。）5.Thepassagementionsthatsomecoralspeciescanrecoveriftemperaturesreturntonormal.Whatfactorsmig