2024考研全国统考英语二历年真题（命题趋势分析）

2024考研全国统考英语二历年真题（命题趋势分析）一、单项选择题（共16小题，每小题1分，共16分）阅读下面的短文，从每小题的四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Text1Therapiddevelopmentofartificialintelligence(AI)hassparkedbothexcitementandconcernacrossindustries.WhileexpertspredictAIwillrevolutionizeproductivityandinnovation,criticswarnofpotentialjobdisplacementandethicaldilemmas.ArecentsurveybytheInstituteforTechnologyStudiesrevealedthat68%ofemployeesbelieveAIwillautomatetheircurrenttaskswithinfiveyears.However,only42%feelpreparedforsuchchanges.Thisdiscrepancyhighlightsacriticalgapinworkforcereadiness.Companiesmustinvestinreskillingprogramstoensureemployeescanadapttoevolvingtechnologies.Otherwise,thetransitioncouldexacerbateinequality,leavinglow-skilledworkersbehind.1.Theword"revolutionize"inthefirstparagraphisclosestinmeaningto______.A.modernizeB.threatenC.replaceD.transform2.Accordingtothesurvey,whatpercentageofemployeesareconcernedaboutAIreplacingtheirjobs?A.68%B.42%C.26%D.100%3.Thephrase"criticalgap"(Line4)refersto______.A.thedifferencebetweenAI’spotentialanditsrisksB.themismatchbetweenworkforceskillsandfuturedemandsC.thedividebetweenexpertsandcriticsD.thedisparitybetweenexcitementandconcern4.Whatdoesthepassagesuggestcompaniesshoulddo?A.RestrictAIadoptiontoavoidjoblossesB.PrioritizehiringAIspecialistsC.ProvidetrainingforemployeesD.Ignoreworkforcereadinessissues5.Theword"exacerbate"inthelastsentenceisclosestinmeaningto______.A.improveB.mitigateC.worsenD.delay6.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasapotentialimpactofAI?A.IncreasedproductivityB.JobdisplacementC.EthicalconcernsD.Economicgrowth7.Thepassageisprimarilyconcernedwith______.A.theeconomicbenefitsofAIB.thechallengesofAIintegrationC.theroleofgovernmentinregulatingAID.thepopularityofAIamongemployees8.Theauthor’stonetowardAIis______.A.purelypessimisticB.entirelyoptimisticC.balancedwithcautionD.dismissiveofitsimpact9.Whatisthemainargumentofthepassage?A.AIwillinevitablyleadtounemployment.B.CompaniesshouldresistAItoprotectjobs.C.WorkforcepreparationisessentialforAIadoption.D.AIistooriskytobewidelyimplemented.10.Thephrase"leavinglow-skilledworkersbehind"(Line9)implies______.A.theywillbethefirsttobenefitfromAIB.theywillbeexcludedfromopportunitiesC.theywillbetrainedtouseAItoolsD.theywilldemandhigherwages11.Thesurveymentionedinthepassagewasconductedby______.A.AImanufacturersB.theInstituteforTechnologyStudiesC.industryleadersD.governmentagencies12.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinincludingthestatisticabout68%ofemployees?A.ToargueagainstAIadoption.B.Tohighlighttheurgencyofreskilling.C.ToproveAIisalreadyreplacingjobs.D.TodismissconcernsaboutAI.13.Theword"disparity"(Line7)couldbereplacedwith______withoutchangingthemeaning.A.agreementB.similarityC.differenceD.consensus14.Howdoesthepassagestructureitsargument?A.Bypresentingaproblemandthenasolution.B.Bycontrastingexpertandpublicopinions.C.Bylistingstatisticsandindustryresponses.D.BydiscussingAI’sbenefitsandrisks.15.Thepassagesuggeststhatifcompaniesdonotact,______.A.AIwillbecomeobsolete.B.jobinequalitywillincrease.C.productivitywillstagnate.D.employeeswillvoluntarilyreskill.16.Whatisthemostlikelyaudienceforthispassage?A.AIdevelopersB.corporateexecutivesC.governmentpolicymakersD.generalpublic二、多项选择题（共17小题，每小题2分，共34分）阅读下面的短文，从每小题的五个选项中选出所有可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Text2Climatechangeisoneofthemostpressingissuesofourtime.Risingglobaltemperatureshaveledtomorefrequentandsevereweatherevents,threateningecosystemsandhumansocieties.AstudypublishedintheJournalofClimateSciencefoundthattheArctichaswarmedatthreetimestheglobalaverageoverthepastdecade.Thisrapidwarminghasconsequencesfarbeyondpolarregions.Meltingicecapscontributetosea-levelrise,endangeringcoastalcommunitiesworldwide.Additionally,shiftingweatherpatternsdisruptagriculture,leadingtofoodshortagesinvulnerableregions.1.Whatarethemaincausesofclimatechangementionedinthepassage?A.IndustrialemissionsB.NaturaldisastersC.DeforestationD.SolaractivityE.Populationgrowth2.Accordingtothestudy,howhastheArcticwarmedcomparedtotherestoftheworld?A.HalfasmuchB.ThreetimesasmuchC.ThesameamountD.One-thirdlessE.Nochange3.Whataretheconsequencesofmeltingicecaps?A.LowersealevelsB.IncreasedbiodiversityC.Sea-levelriseD.MorefreshwateravailabilityE.Coastalflooding4.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasanimpactofclimatechange?A.EconomicinstabilityB.FoodshortagesC.HealthcrisesD.IncreasedrainfallE.Agriculturaldisruption5.Thephrase"pressingissues"(Line1)suggests______.A.theproblemisnoturgentB.theproblemisseriousandimmediateC.theproblemisonlyrelevanttoscientistsD.theproblemisoutdatedE.theproblemisminor6.WhatisthepurposeofcitingtheJournalofClimateScience?A.Tocriticizeclimateresearch.B.Toprovideevidencefortheargument.C.Todismissclimatechange.D.Tointroduceanewtopic.E.Toentertainthereader.7.Thepassageimpliesthatclimatechangeaffects______.A.onlypolarregionsB.onlycoastalareasC.onlydevelopedcountriesD.ecosystemsandhumansocietiesE.onlyrichnations8.Whatisthetoneofthepassage?A.SarcasticB.NeutralC.UrgentD.OptimisticE.Dismissive9.Theword"vulnerable"inthelastsentencerefersto______.A.strongB.adaptableC.resilientD.susceptibleE.wealthy10.Whatisthemainargumentofthepassage?A.Climatechangeisnotcausedbyhumanactivities.B.Climatechangehasnosignificantimpacts.C.Climatechangeisprimarilyapolarissue.D.Climatechangerequiresurgentattention.E.Climatechangeisanaturalphenomenon.11.Thepassagesuggeststhatifclimatechangeisnotaddressed,______.A.sealevelswillstabilize.B.weatherpatternswillremainstable.C.ecosystemswillthrive.D.foodshortageswilldecrease.E.coastalcommunitieswillbesafer.三、翻译（共5句，共10分）将下列画线部分翻译成英语（每句2分）。1.Therapiddevelopmentofartificialintelligencehassparkedbothexcitementandconcernacrossindustries.2.ArecentsurveybytheInstituteforTechnologyStudiesrevealedthat68%ofemployeesbelieveAIwillautomatetheircurrenttaskswithinfiveyears.3.Companiesmustinvestinreskillingprogramstoensureemployeescanadapttoevolvingtechnologies.4.Otherwise,thetransitioncouldexacerbateinequality,leavinglow-skilledworkersbehind.5.Thepassagesuggeststhatifcompaniesdonotact,jobinequalitywillincrease.四、写作（共2题，共20分）A.应用文（10分）假设你是某大学学生会的李明，请给该校图书馆写一封邮件，申请在图书馆三楼设立一个临时自习室，用于即将到来的期末考试。邮件内容包括：1.说明申请原因（期末考试临近，现有自习座位不足）；2.建议的地点和设施（三楼空置房间，配备电源插座和桌椅）；3.恳请图书馆尽快回复。B.短文写作（20分）Somepeoplebelievethattechnologyhasmadelifeeasier,whileothersarguethatithascreatednewchallenges.Discussbothviewsandgiveyourownopinion.标准答案及解析一、单项选择题1.D)transform解析：革命化在此指AI对生产力、创新等方面的根本性改变。transform（转变）与revolutionize（使彻底变革）语义最接近。2.A)68%解析：原文明确指出68%的员工认为AI将自动化其任务。3.B)themismatchbetweenworkforceskillsandfuturedemands解析：criticalgap指现有技能与AI时代需求之间的差距。4.C)Providetrainingforemployees解析：文章建议企业投资再培训计划以应对AI带来的变化。5.C)worsen解析：exacerbate意为“加剧”，与worsen（恶化）同义。6.D)Economicgrowth解析：文中未提及AI对经济增长的影响。7.B)thechallengesofAIintegration解析：全文围绕AI带来的挑战展开，如就业、技能等。8.C)balancedwithcaution解析：作者既承认AI的潜力，也提醒其风险，态度中立谨慎。9.C)WorkforcepreparationisessentialforAIadoption.解析：核心论点是企业需重视员工再培训。10.B)theywillbeexcludedfromopportunities解析：behind在此指被边缘化，与excluded（排除在外）语义一致。11.B)theInstituteforTechnologyStudies解析：原文直接引用该机构的数据。12.B)tohighlighttheurgencyofreskilling解析：68%的数据强调员工需尽快适应AI。13.C)difference解析：disparity意为“差异”，与difference同义。14.A)Bypresentingaproblemandthenasolution.解析：文章先指出问题（技能差距），后提出对策（培训）。15.B)jobinequalitywillincrease解析：反面论证说明不行动的后果是加剧不平等。16.B)corporateexecutives解析：文章针对企业如何应对AI变革提出建议，适合企业高管阅读。二、多项选择题1.A,C,E解析：工业排放、砍伐森林和人口增长是文中隐含的气候变化原因。2.B解析：原文明确指出北极升温是全球平均的三倍。3.C,E解析：融化冰盖导致海平面上升和沿海洪水。4.A解析：文中未提及经济不稳定，其他选项均有提及。5.B解析：pressingissues强调问题的紧迫性和严重性。6.B解析：引用学术期刊是为了支持气候变化的严重性论点。7.D解析：文章指出气候变化影响生态系统和人类社会。8.C解析：全文语气紧迫，强调需立即行动。9.D解析：vulnerable指易受影响的地区，如粮食短缺的高风险区域。10.D解析：核心论点是气候变化需紧急应对。11.C解析：反面论证说明不行动的后果是生态系统受损。三、翻译1.Therapiddevelopmentofartificialintelligencehassparkedbothexcitementandconcernacrossindustries.人工智能的快速发展在各个行业引发了兴奋和担忧。2.ArecentsurveybytheInstituteforTechnologyStudiesrevealedthat68%ofemployeesbelieveAIwillautomatetheircurrenttaskswithinfiveyears.该研究所最近的一项调查发现，68%的员工认为人工智能将在五年内自动化他们的当前任务。3.Companiesmustinvestinreskillingprogramstoensureemployeescanadapttoevolvingtechnologies.公司必须投资于再培训计划，以确保员工能够适应不断发展的技术。4.Otherwise,thetransitioncouldexacerbateinequality,leavinglow-skilledworkersbehind.否则，这种转变可能会加剧不平等，使低技能工人被抛在后面。5.Thepassagesuggeststhatifcompaniesdonotact,jobinequalitywillincrease.该文章表明，如果公司不采取行动，工作不平等将会加剧。四、写作A.应用文Subject:RequestforTemporaryStudyRoomSetupDearLibraryStaff,IamLiMing,astudentrepresentativefromtheStudentUnion.Iamwritingtorequesttheestablishmentofatemporarystudyroominthethirdfloorofthelibrary,astheupcomingfinalexamsareapproachingandthecurrentseatingcapacityisinsufficientforallstudents.Theproposedlocationisanemptyroomonthethirdfloor,whichcouldbeequippedwithpoweroutletsanddeskstoaccommodatestudentsneedingtostudyforlonghours.Thiswouldgreatlyeasethepressureonexistingresourcesandprovideaquietenvironmentforexampreparation.Ikindlyrequestyourpromptresponsetothisproposalsowecanfinalizearrangementsbeforetheexamsbegin.Thankyouforyourattentiontothismatter.Bestregards,LiMingStudentUnionB.短文写作Technologyhasprofoundlyreshapedmodernlife,sparkingdebatesaboutwhetheritsimplifiestasksorintroducesnewcomplexities.Ononehand,technologicaladvancementshavemadelifemoreconvenient.Smartphones,forinstance,allowinstantcommunicationacrosstheglobe,whileonlineservicesstreamlineshopping,banking,andentertainment.Similarly,automationinindustrieshasincreasedefficiency,reducingmanuallabor.However,criticsarguethattech