2026年江苏省人教版高一英语必修一第五章阅读理解专项训练

2026年江苏省人教版高一英语必修一第五章阅读理解专项训练一、单项选择题（每题2分，共20分）1.Inthepassage,theword"baffled"mostprobablymeans______.A.confusedB.interestedC.surprisedD.angry（解析：根据文章第二段描述，科学家们对恐龙灭绝的原因长期困惑，"baffled"指"使困惑"，故选A。其他选项中，interested意为"感兴趣的"，surprised意为"惊讶的"，angry意为"生气的"，均不符合文意。）2.Accordingtothetext,whatwasthemaincauseofthedinosaurs'extinction?A.AvolcaniceruptionB.AmeteoriteimpactC.AdiseaseoutbreakD.Aclimatechange（解析：文章第三段明确指出，科学家们普遍认为小行星撞击是导致恐龙灭绝的主要原因，故选B。其他选项中，火山喷发、疾病爆发和气候变化虽被提及，但非主要原因。）3.Thephrase"amassextinction"inthepassagerefersto______.A.thedisappearanceofmanyspeciesatthesametimeB.thegrowthofdinosaurpopulationC.theevolutionofnewspeciesD.themigrationofdinosaurstootherplaces（解析：根据文章第四段，"massextinction"指"大规模灭绝事件"，即多种生物在同一时期消失，故选A。其他选项与文意不符。）4.Whatdoestheauthorimplyaboutthestudyofdinosaurs?A.ItisawasteoftimeB.IthasnopracticalvalueC.IthelpsusunderstandthepastD.Itistoodangeroustocontinue（解析：文章最后一段提到，研究恐龙有助于我们了解地球历史和生物演化，故选C。其他选项均与文意相反。）5.Thepassageismainlyabout______.A.thelifeofdinosaursB.theextinctionofdinosaursC.themethodsofscientificresearchD.thehistoryofEarth（解析：全文围绕恐龙灭绝的原因、过程和影响展开，故选B。其他选项仅涉及部分内容。）6.Accordingtothetext,whatwasthesizeofmostdinosaurs?A.SmallandsimilartobirdsB.Medium-sizedlikehorsesC.LargeandheavierthanelephantsD.Tinyandsimilartolizards（解析：文章第二段提到，大多数恐龙体型巨大，如霸王龙，故选C。其他选项与文意不符。）7.Theword"fossil"inthepassagemeans______.A.alivingcreatureB.adeadremainsC.alivingplantD.amodernanimal（解析：根据文章第三段，科学家通过化石研究恐龙，"fossil"指"化石"，即生物的遗骸，故选B。）8.Whatwastheatmospherelikebeforethedinosaurs'extinction?A.ColdanddryB.WarmandwetC.ColdandwetD.Warmanddry（解析：文章第五段提到，小行星撞击导致地球气候变冷，故选A。其他选项与文意相反。）9.Accordingtothepassage,howdidtheextinctionaffecttheenvironment?A.ItmadetheEarthmorehabitableB.ItcausedaclimatechangeC.ItledtotheevolutionofnewspeciesD.Itreducedthenumberofplants（解析：文章第六段提到，恐龙灭绝后，环境发生了巨大变化，故选B。其他选项与文意不符。）10.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardthestudyofdinosaurs?A.SkepticalB.IndifferentC.SupportiveD.Uncertain（解析：全文强调研究恐龙的意义，故选C。其他选项与文意相反。）二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）1.Thepassagementionsthatdinosaurslivedduringthe______period.（参考答案：Jurassic）（解析：根据文章第一段，恐龙生活在侏罗纪时期，故填Jurassic。）2.Scientistsbelievethatthedinosaurs'extinctionwascausedbya______impact.（参考答案：meteorite）（解析：文章第三段明确指出，小行星撞击是导致恐龙灭绝的原因，故填meteorite。）3.Theword"extinction"inthepassagemeans______.（参考答案：disappearance）（解析：根据文章第四段，"extinction"指物种的消失，故填disappearance。）4.Thepassagestatesthatdinosaursweremuch______thanmodernanimals.（参考答案：larger）（解析：文章第二段提到，恐龙体型比现代动物大得多，故填larger。）5.Fossilsareimportantbecausetheyprovide______aboutancientlife.（参考答案：information）（解析：根据文章第三段，化石提供了关于古代生物的信息，故填information。）6.Thepassagementionsthatthedinosaurs'extinctionledtoa______intheenvironment.（参考答案：change）（解析：文章第六段提到，恐龙灭绝导致环境发生了变化，故填change。）7.Accordingtothetext,whatwasthemainpurposeofthestudy?（参考答案：Tounderstandthecauseofextinction）（解析：文章最后一段提到，研究恐龙有助于理解灭绝原因，故填Tounderstandthecauseofextinction。）8.Thepassagestatesthatthedinosaurs'extinctionwasa______event.（参考答案：massive）（解析：根据文章第四段，恐龙灭绝是一场大规模灭绝事件，故填massive。）9.Theword"baffled"inthepassagemeans______.（参考答案：confused）（解析：根据文章第二段，科学家们对恐龙灭绝的原因长期困惑，故填confused。）10.Thepassagementionsthatthestudyofdinosaurshelpsus______thepast.（参考答案：understand）（解析：文章最后一段提到，研究恐龙有助于了解过去，故填understand。）三、判断题（每题2分，共20分）1.Thepassagestatesthatalldinosaurswereverylarge.（参考答案：False）（解析：文章第二段提到，大多数恐龙体型巨大，但并非所有恐龙都很大，故错误。）2.Accordingtothetext,theextinctionofdinosaurswascausedbyadisease.（参考答案：False）（解析：文章第三段明确指出，小行星撞击是导致恐龙灭绝的原因，而非疾病，故错误。）3.ThepassagementionsthatdinosaurslivedduringtheCretaceousperiod.（参考答案：False）（解析：文章第一段提到恐龙生活在侏罗纪时期，而非白垩纪，故错误。）4.Fossilsareimportantbecausetheyprovideinformationaboutancientlife.（参考答案：True）（解析：根据文章第三段，化石提供了关于古代生物的信息，故正确。）5.Thepassagestatesthatthestudyofdinosaurshasnopracticalvalue.（参考答案：False）（解析：文章最后一段提到，研究恐龙有助于了解地球历史和生物演化，故错误。）6.Accordingtothetext,thedinosaurs'extinctionledtoawarmerclimate.（参考答案：False）（解析：文章第五段提到，小行星撞击导致地球气候变冷，故错误。）7.Theword"extinction"inthepassagemeansthegrowthofnewspecies.（参考答案：False）（解析：根据文章第四段，"extinction"指物种的消失，而非新物种的生长，故错误。）8.Thepassagementionsthatthedinosaurs'extinctionwasanaturalevent.（参考答案：True）（解析：文章第三段提到小行星撞击是自然现象，故正确。）9.Theword"baffled"inthepassagemeans"interested."（参考答案：False）（解析：根据文章第二段，"baffled"指"使困惑"，而非"感兴趣"，故错误。）10.Thepassagestatesthatthestudyofdinosaurshelpsusunderstandthepast.（参考答案：True）（解析：文章最后一段提到，研究恐龙有助于了解过去，故正确。）四、简答题（每题2分，共16分）1.Whatwasthemaincauseofthedinosaurs'extinctionaccordingtothepassage?（参考答案：Themaincauseofthedinosaurs'extinctionwasameteoriteimpact.ScientistsbelievethatalargemeteoritehittheEarth,causingwidespreaddestructionandclimatechange,whichledtothedisappearanceofdinosaurs.）（解析：文章第三段明确指出，小行星撞击是导致恐龙灭绝的主要原因，故答案应包括小行星撞击及其后果。）2.Whyarefossilsimportantforstudyingdinosaurs?（参考答案：Fossilsareimportantbecausetheyprovideinformationaboutthephysicalappearance,behavior,andenvironmentofancientdinosaurs.Bystudyingfossils,scientistscanunderstandhowdinosaurslived,whattheylookedlike,andwhytheybecameextinct.）（解析：根据文章第三段，化石提供了关于古代生物的信息，故答案应包括化石的作用和意义。）3.Whatwastheatmospherelikebeforethedinosaurs'extinction?（参考答案：Beforethedinosaurs'extinction,theatmospherewaswarmandwet,whichsupportedthegrowthoflushvegetationanddiverseecosystems.However,afterthemeteoriteimpact,theclimatechangeddramatically,leadingtoacolderanddrierenvironment.）（解析：根据文章第五段，小行星撞击导致地球气候变冷，故答案应包括撞击前后的气候对比。）4.Howdidthedinosaurs'extinctionaffecttheenvironment?（参考答案：Thedinosaurs'extinctionledtoasignificantchangeintheenvironment.Manyspeciesdisappeared,andthefoodchainwasdisrupted.Thiscreatednewopportunitiesforotherorganismstoevolveandthrive,eventuallyleadingtotheriseofmammals.）（解析：根据文章第六段，恐龙灭绝导致环境发生了巨大变化，故答案应包括对生态系统的影响。）5.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardthestudyofdinosaurs?（参考答案：Theauthorissupportiveofthestudyofdinosaurs.ThepassagehighlightstheimportanceofstudyingdinosaursinunderstandingEarth'shistory,theprocessofevolution,andthecausesofmassextinctions.Theauthorbelievesthatthisresearchhaspracticalvalueandhelpsuslearnfromthepast.）（解析：全文强调研究恐龙的意义，故答案应表达对研究的支持态度。）6.Accordingtothetext,whatwasthesizeofmostdinosaurs?（参考答案：Mostdinosaurswerelargeandheavy,muchlargerthanmodernanimals.Forexample,theTyrannosaurusrexwasoneofthelargestdinosaurs,measuringupto40feetlongandweighingseveraltons.However,therewerealsosmallerdinosaurs,buttheywerelesscommon.）（解析：根据文章第二段，大多数恐龙体型巨大，故答案应描述恐龙的体型特征。）7.Whatdoestheword"baffled"meaninthecontextofthepassage?（参考答案："Baffled"means"confused"or"puzzled."Inthepassage,itreferstothescientistswhowereconfusedaboutthecauseofthedinosaurs'extinctionforalongtime.Theycouldnotunderstandwhysuchalargeanddominantspeciesdisappearedsoquickly.）（解析：根据文章第二段，"baffled"指"使困惑"，故答案应解释该词在文中的含义。）8.Whydidthestudyofdinosaurshelpusunderstandthepast?（参考答案：ThestudyofdinosaurshelpsusunderstandthepastbecauseitprovidesinsightsintoEarth'shistory,theprocessofevolution,andthecausesofmassextinctions.Bystudyingfossilsandotherevidence,scientistscanreconstructhowlifeonEarthchangedovermillionsofyearsandlearnfrompasteventstobetterunderstandcurrentandfutureenvironmentalchallenges.）（解析：文章最后一段提到，研究恐龙有助于了解地球历史和生物演化，故答案应解释其意义。）五、应用题（每题4分，共24分）1.Supposeyouareascientiststudyingdinosaurs.Whatwouldyouinvestigate,andwhy?（参考答案：IfIwereascientiststudyingdinosaurs,Iwouldinvestigatethecauseoftheirextinction.Thisisbecauseunderstandingwhysuchadominantspeciesdisappearedcanprovidevaluableinsightsintoenvironmentalchanges,speciesadaptation,andthepotentialrisksofsimilareventsinthefuture.Bystudyingthis,wecanbetterprotectcurrentbiodiversityandpreventfuturemassextinctions.）（解析：答案应包括研究内容、目的和意义，体现对恐龙灭绝原因的探究。）2.Imagineyoufindafossilofadinosaur.Whatinformationwouldyoulookfor,andhowwouldyouuseit?（参考答案：IfIfoundafossilofadinosaur,Iwouldlookforinformationaboutitssize,shape,teeth,bones,andanyotherfeaturesthatcantellusaboutitsdiet,behavior,andenvironment.Thisinformationwouldhelpmeunderstandhowthedinosaurlived,whatitate,andhowitadaptedtoitssurroundings.Byanalyzingthesedetails,Icancontributetoourknowledgeofdinosaurbiologyandevolution.）（解析：答案应包括化石研究的内容和方法，体现对生物特征的观察和分析。）3.Howwouldyouexplaintheextinctionofdinosaurstoamiddleschoolstudent?（参考答案：Toexplaintheextinctionofdinosaurstoamiddleschoolstudent,Iwoulduseasimpleandengagingapproach.Iwouldstartbyaskingthemiftheyhaveseenpicturesofdinosaurs.Then,Iwouldexplainthatalongtimeago,ahugemeteoritehittheEarth,causingamassiveexplosionandclimatechange.Thiseventledtothedisappearanceofdinosaursandmanyotherspecies.Iwouldemphasizethatthisisanimportantlessonabouthowtheenvironmentcanchangeandhowweneedtoprotectourplanet.）（解析：答案应包括对恐龙灭绝原因的简化解释，以及教育意义。）4.Supposeyouarewritingabookaboutdinosaurs.Whatwouldbethemaintopicofyourbook,andwhy?（参考答案：IfIwerewritingabookaboutdinosaurs,themaintopicwouldbetheextinctionofdinosaursanditsimpactonEarth'shistory.ThisisbecausetheextinctioneventisoneofthemostfascinatingandsignificantmomentsinEarth'shistory.Itnotonlychangedthecourseofevolutionbutalsoprovidesvaluablelessonsforustoday.Byexploringthistopic,IcanhelpreadersunderstandtheimportanceofbiodiversityandthefragilityoflifeonEarth.）（解析：答案应包括书籍主题、目的和意义，体现对恐龙灭绝事件的深入探讨。）5.Howwouldyouusetechnologytostudydinosaurs?（参考答案：Tostudydinosaurs,Iwouldusevarioustechnologiessuchas3Dscanning,geneticanalysis,andcomputermodeling.3Dscanningcanhelpcreatedetailedmodelsofdinosaurbones,allowingustostudytheirstructureandfunction.Geneticanalysis,althoughlimitedduetotheageoffossils,canprovideinsightsintotherelationshipsbetweendifferentdinosaurspecies.Computermodelingcansimulateenvironmentalconditionsandhelpusunderstandhowdinosaursadaptedtotheirsurroundings.Thesetechnologiescanenhanceourunderstandingofdinosaursandcontributetoscientificresearch.）（解析：答案应包括具体的技术手段和应用方法，体现科技在恐龙研究中的作用。）6.Supposeyouareateacherexplainingdinosaurstoyourstudents.Howwouldyoumakethelessoninterestingandengaging?（参考答案：Tomakethelessonaboutdinosaursinterestingandengaging,Iwoulduseavarietyofteachingmethods.Iwouldstartwithashortvideoaboutdinosaurstocapturethestudents'attention.Then,Iwouldshowpicturesandmodelsofdifferentdinosaurspecies,explainingtheirsizes,diets,andhabitats.Iwouldalsoincorporateinteractiveactivitiessuchasadinosaurfossildig,wherestudentscanexcavateandidentifyfossilizedbones.Tomakeitmorefun,Iwouldorganizeadinosaur-themedartprojectwherestudentscancreatetheirowndinosaurillustrations.Byusingthesemethods,Icanmakethelessonbotheducationalandenjoyable.）（解析：答案应包括多种教学方法，如视频、图片、模型、互动活动等，体现对课堂的趣味性和互动性设计。）【标准答案及解析】一、单项选择题1.A2.B3.A4.C5.B6.C7.B8.A9.B10.C二、填空题1.Jurassic2.meteorite3.disappearance4.larger5.information6.change7.Tounderstandthecauseofextinction8.massive9.confused10.understand三、判断题1.False2.False3.False4.True5.False6.False7.False8.True9.False10.True四、简答题1.Themaincauseofthedinosaurs'extinctionwasameteoriteimpact.ScientistsbelievethatalargemeteoritehittheEarth,causingwidespreaddestructionandclimatechange,whichledtothedisappearanceofdinosaurs.2.Fossilsareimportantbecausetheyprovideinformationaboutthephysicalappearance,behavior,andenvironmentofancientdinosaurs.Bystudyingfossils,scientistscanunderstandhowdinosaurslived,whattheylookedlike,andwhytheybecameextinct.3.Beforethedinosaurs'extinction,theatmospherewaswarmandwet,whichsupportedthegrowthoflushvegetationanddiverseecosystems.However,afterthemeteoriteimpact,theclimatechangeddramatically,leadingtoacolderanddrierenvironment.4.Thedinosaurs'extinctionledtoasignificantchangeintheenvironment.Manyspeciesdisappeared,andthefoodchainwasdisrupted.Thiscreatednewopportunitiesforotherorganismstoevolveandthrive,eventuallyleadingtotheriseofmammals.5.Theauthorissupportiveofthestudyofdinosaurs.ThepassagehighlightstheimportanceofstudyingdinosaursinunderstandingEarth'shistory,theprocessofevolution,andthecausesofmassextinctions.Theauthorbelievesthatthisresearchhaspracticalvalueandhelpsuslearnfromthepast.6.Mostdinosaurswerelargeandheavy,muchlargerthanmodernanimals.Forexample,theTyrannosaurusrexwasoneofthelargestdinosaurs,measuringupto40feetlongandweighingseveraltons.However,therewerealsosmallerdinosaurs,buttheywerelesscommon.7."Baffled"means"confused"or"puzzled."Inthepassage,itreferstothescientistswhowereconfusedaboutthecauseofthedinosaurs'extinctionforalongtime.Theycouldnotunderstandwhysuchalargeanddominantspeciesdisappearedsoquickly.8.ThestudyofdinosaurshelpsusunderstandthepastbecauseitprovidesinsightsintoEarth'shistory,theprocessofevolution,andthecausesofmassextinctions.Bystudyingfossilsandotherevidence,scientistscanreconstructhowlifeonEarthchangedovermillionsofyearsandlearnfrompasteventstobetterunderstandcurrentandfutureenvironmentalchallenges.五、应用题1.IfIwereascientiststudyingdinosaurs,Iwouldinvestigatethecauseoftheirextinction.Thisisbecauseunderstandingwhysuchadominantspeciesdisappearedcanprovidevaluableinsightsintoenvironmentalchanges,speciesadaptation,andthepotentialrisksofsimilareventsinthefuture.Bystudyingthis,wecanbetterprotectcurrentbiodiversityandpreventfuturemassextinctions.2.IfIfoundafossilofadinosaur,Iwouldlookforinformationaboutitssize,shape,teeth,bones,andanyotherfeaturesthatcantellusaboutitsdiet,behavior,andenvironment.Thisinformationwouldhelpmeunderstandhowthedinosaurlived,whatitate,andhowitadaptedtoitssurroundings.Byanalyzingthesedetails,Icancontributetoourknowledgeofdinosaurbiologyandevolution.3.Toexplaintheextinctionofdinosaurstoamiddleschoolstudent,Iwoulduseasimpleandengagingapproach.Iwouldstartbyaskingthemiftheyhaveseenpicturesofdinosaurs.Then,Iwouldexplainthatalongtimeago,ahugemeteoritehittheEarth,causingamassiveexplosionandclimatechange.Thiseventledtothedisappearanceofdinosaursandmanyotherspecies.Iwouldemphasizethatthisisanimportantlessonabouthowtheenvironmentcanchangeand