2026年广东省人教版初中英语下册语法专项训练题库

2026年广东省人教版初中英语下册语法专项训练题库一、单项选择题（每题2分，共20分）1.根据句意和语法规则，选择最佳选项填空：Mybrotheroftenhelpsmewithmyhomework,______heisverybusythesedays.A.becauseB.soC.butD.although解析：本题考查连词辨析。句意为“我哥哥经常帮我做作业，______他最近很忙”。根据句意，前后句存在转折关系，表示“尽管很忙但仍然帮忙”，故选D。A表示原因，B表示结果，C表示转折但语气较轻，D表示让步关系，符合语境。干扰项A和B与句意不符，C虽表转折但未强调让步程度，故D为最佳答案。2.完形填空：Thegirl______livesnextdoorismybestfriend.A.whichB.whoC.whomD.that解析：本题考查关系代词用法。先行词指人且作主语，需用who或that。A和C不用于指人主语，D虽可用但who更自然。故选B。干扰项A和C因关系代词错误被排除，D虽语法正确但不如who常用，故B为最佳答案。3.时态填空：Look!Thechildren______playingintheparknow.A.isB.areC.wasD.were解析：本题考查现在进行时。主语children为复数，且动词play为实义动词，需用be动词+现在分词。故选B。干扰项A单数形式错误，C过去时态不符，D过去进行时不合语境，故B为唯一正确选项。4.被动语态：Thebook______lastnightbymysister.A.wasreadB.readC.wasreadingD.isread解析：本题考查一般过去时被动语态。主语book与动词read为被动关系，且时态为过去，需用was/were+过去分词。故选A。干扰项B主动语态错误，C现在进行时被动形式错误，D一般现在时被动形式错误，故A为最佳答案。5.情态动词：Youmust______carefulwhencrossingthestreet.A.beB.isC.areD.was解析：本题考查情态动词must的用法。must后跟动词原形表必须，且主语you为第三人称单数，需用be动词原形。故选A。干扰项B/C/D时态或形式错误，故A为唯一正确选项。6.代词指代：ThisisthefirsttimeI______totheGreatWall.A.comeB.cameC.comesD.havecome解析：本题考查现在完成时。句型“thefirsttime+从句”中，从句需用一般过去时，但主句强调“到目前为止”的完成意义，需用现在完成时。故选D。干扰项A/B/C时态不符，故D为最佳答案。7.不定式：Shewantsto______adoctorwhenshegrowsup.A.beB.beingC.isD.are解析：本题考查wanttodosth结构。want后必须跟动词不定式表目的。故选A。干扰项B/C/D形式错误，故A为唯一正确选项。8.现在完成进行时：He______fortenminuteswhenIsawhim.A.waitB.haswaitedC.hasbeenwaitingD.waited解析：本题考查现在完成进行时。句中有明确时间状语“fortenminutes”，强调动作从过去持续到现在，需用现在完成进行时。故选C。干扰项A/D一般时态不符，B缺少进行时态，故C为最佳答案。9.宾语从句：Idon’tknow______shewillcometomorrow.A.ifB.thatC.whetherD.what解析：本题考查宾语从句。know后宾语从句需用陈述语序，且表“是否”时用if或whether。故选A/C。干扰项B/C/D结构或用法错误，但A/C均可，此处选A更简洁。10.固定搭配：Theteacheraskedthestudentsto______quietly.A.sitdownB.sitinC.sitonD.sitat解析：本题考查动词短语辨析。sitquietly表安静地坐着，符合语境。故选A。干扰项B/C/D搭配不当，故A为最佳答案。二、填空题（每空2分，共20分）1.Sheis______(interest)inEnglishbecauseshelikesreadingbooks.解析：空格处需填形容词作表语，interest的形容词形式为interested。参考答案：interested2.Youshould______(notbreak)therulesifyouwanttobeagoodstudent.解析：情态动词should后跟动词原形表建议，否定形式为shouldn’t+动词原形。参考答案：notbreak3.Theboy______(play)basketballinthegymeveryafternoonlastweek.解析：主语boy与play为主动关系，时态为一般过去时，需用动词原形。参考答案：played4.Myparents______(go)tothecinemalastnight,buttheyweretootiredtowatchthemovie.解析：主语parents与go为主动关系，时态为一般过去时，需用动词原形。参考答案：went5.Itisimportantforus______(study)hardifwewanttopasstheexam.解析：介词for后跟不定式表目的。参考答案：tostudy6.Thestudentswere______(excite)whentheyheardthegoodnewsyesterday.解析：主语students与excite为被动关系，时态为一般过去时，需用过去分词。参考答案：excited7.Canyoutellme______(do)thisexercise?解析：ask/tell等动词后宾语从句需用动词原形。参考答案：todo8.Heisgoodat______(play)thepiano,buthedoesn’tpracticeoften.解析：begoodat后跟动名词。参考答案：playing9.Theteacheraskedus______(be)quietinthelibraryyesterday.解析：ask后宾语从句需用动词原形。参考答案：tobe10.Idon’tknow______(be)lateforthemeetingtomorrow.解析：know后宾语从句需用动词原形，表“是否”时用if/whether。参考答案：tobe三、判断题（每题2分，共20分）1.Thegirlwhoiswearingareddressismysister.(正确)解析：who引导定语从句修饰girl，且作主语，谓语动词用is。2.Youmustfinishyourhomeworkbeforeyougotobed.(正确)解析：must后跟动词原形表必须，before引导时间状语从句。3.TheywerewatchingTVwhenIcamehomeyesterday.(正确)解析：一般过去时表过去动作，when引导时间状语从句。4.ThebookwhichIboughtyesterdayisveryinteresting.(正确)解析：which引导定语从句修饰book，且作主语，谓语动词用is。5.Youcan’tswimunlessyouknowhowtosavesomeone.(正确)解析：unless引导条件状语从句，主句用can’t表否定。6.Shehasbeenlivinghereforfiveyears.(正确)解析：现在完成进行时表动作从过去持续到现在。7.Themanwholivesnextdoorisadoctor.(正确)解析：who引导定语从句修饰man，且作主语，谓语动词用is。8.Youshouldnoteattoomuchjunkfood.(正确)解析：shouldn’t后跟动词原形表建议，否定形式为not+动词原形。9.Thestudentswerediscussingtheproblemwhentheteachercamein.(正确)解析：一般过去时表过去动作，when引导时间状语从句。10.Heisinterestedinplayingbasketball.(正确)解析：beinterestedindoingsth表对某事感兴趣，playing为动名词。四、简答题（每题2分，共16分）1.Explainthedifferencebetween"must"and"haveto".参考答案：must表主观必须，haveto表客观必须；must用于第一人称，haveto用于所有人；must否定形式为mustn’t，haveto否定形式为don’thaveto。2.Howdoyouformthepassivevoice?参考答案：be动词+过去分词，时态根据主句时态确定，主语与动词为被动关系。3.Whenshouldweusethepresentperfecttense?参考答案：①过去动作对现在有影响；②动作时间不确定；③强调动作持续性。4.Whatisthefunctionof"so"inasentence?参考答案：表结果，常用于主句肯定、从句否定结构，如Iwastired,soIwenttobed.5.Howdoyouuse"too...to..."?参考答案：too+形容词/副词+to+动词原形，表“太…以至于不能…”。6.Whydoweuse"who"insteadof"that"inarelativeclause?参考答案：who指人主语，that可指人或物，且who更自然。7.Whatisthedifferencebetween"look"and"see"?参考答案：look为不及物动词，see为及物动词；look表动作，see表结果。8.Howdoyouformaquestiontag?参考答案：肯定句用“助动词/be动词/情态动词+主语”，否定句用“助动词/be动词/情态动词+主语”，如Youareright,aren’tyou?五、应用题（每题4分，共24分）1.Rewritethesentenceinpassivevoice:Theteacherexplainedtheproblemtothestudents.参考答案：Theproblemwasexplainedtothestudentsbytheteacher.2.Completethesentencewithasuitableverbform:Sheisinterestedin______(learn)English.参考答案：learning3.Transformthesentenceintoareportedspeech:Theboysaid,"Iamgoingtothelibrary."参考答案：Theboysaidthathewasgoingtothelibrary.4.Correcttheerror:Hedon’tknowifshewillcometomorrow.参考答案：Hedoesn’tknowifshewillcometomorrow.5.Completethesentencewithaproperconjunction:Theexamwasdifficult,______wedidn’tpassit.参考答案：so6.Transformthesentenceintothepresentperfectcontinuoustense:Theyhavebeenplayingbasketballfortwohours.参考答案：Theyhavebeenplayingbasketballfortwohours.六、案例分析（每题3分，共18分）1.Case:Thegirlsaid,"Iamreadingabooknow."(1)Whattenseisused?(2)Why?参考答案：(1)Presentcontinuoustense.(2)Becausethesentencedescribesanactionhappeningatthepresentmoment.2.Case:Theteachersaid,"Youmustfinishyourhomeworkbeforebed."(1)Whatdoes"must"mean?(2)Canitbereplacedby"haveto"?参考答案：(1)Mustmeansstrongobligation.(2)Yes,but"must"ismoresubjective,"haveto"ismoreobjective.3.Case:Theboysaid,"Iwasplayingfootballwhenmymothercalledme."(1)Whattenseisused?(2)Whatdoes"when"indicate?参考答案：(1)Pastcontinuoustense.(2)"When"indicatesthetimewhentheactionwasinterrupted.4.Case:Thegirlsaid,"Ihavebeenlivinghereforthreeyears."(1)Whattenseisused?(2)Why?参考答案：(1)Presentperfectcontinuoustense.(2)Becausetheactionstartedinthepastandcontinuestothepresent.5.Case:Theteachersaid,"Youcan’tentertheclassroomunlessyouhaveaticket."(1)Whatdoes"unless"mean?(2)Canitbereplacedby"if"?参考答案：(1)"Unless"means"ifnot".(2)Yes,but"unless"ismoreformal.6.Case:Theboysaid,"Iaminterestedinplayingbasketball."(1)Whatisthestructure?(2)Canitbechangedto"interestedinplay"?参考答案：(1)Beinterestedindoingsth.(2)No,"in"mustbefollowedbyagerund.七、论述题（每题4分，共16分）1.Discusstheusageof"so","but",and"and"insentences.参考答案：-"So"indicatesresult(e.g.,Iwastired,soIslept).-"But"indicatescontrast(e.g.,Heisrich,butheisnothappy).-"And"indicatesaddition(e.g.,Idrinkcoffeeandtea).Eachconjunctionservesadifferentlogicalrelationship.2.Explainthefunctionof"too...to..."andgiveanexample.参考答案："Too...to..."expressesanimpossibleactionduetoexcess.Example:Sheistooyoungtodriveacar.3.Howdoyouformaquestiontag?Givetwoexamples.参考答案：Questiontagsfollowdeclarativesentences:-Affirmative:Youareright,aren’tyou?-Negative:Youaren’ttired,areyou?4.Discussthedifferencebetween"look"and"see".参考答案：-"Look"isanintransitiveverb(e.g.,Lookatme!).-"See"istransitive(e.g.,Iseeabird).-"Look"isaction,"see"isresult.八、综合应用题（每题4分，共24分）1.Completethesentence:Thebook______bymybrotherlastnight.A.readB.wasreadC.readsD.isread参考答案：B.wasread2.Completethesentence:Shewantsto______adoctorinthefuture.A.beB.beingC.isD.are参考答案：A.be3.Completethesentence:Idon’tknow______shewillcometomorrow.A.ifB.thatC.whetherD.what参考答案：C.whether4.Completethesentence:Thestudentswere______whentheteacherenteredtheclassroom.A.interestB.interestedC.interestingD.interests参考答案：B.interested5.Completethesentence:Youmust______carefulwhencrossingthestreet.A.beB.isC.areD.was参考答案：A.be6.Completethesentence:Theboy______playingfootballwhenhismothercalledhim.A.isB.wasC.hasbeenD.hadbeen参考答案：B.was【标准答案及解析】一、单项选择题1.D2.B3.B4.A5.A6.D7.A8.C9.A10.A二、填空题1.interested2.notbreak3.played4.went5.tostudy6.excited7.todo8.playing9.tobe10.tobe三、判断题1.√2.√3.√4.√5.√6.√7.√8.√9.√10.√四、简答题1.Must表主观必须，haveto表客观必须；must用于第一人称，haveto用于所有人；must否定形式为mustn’t，haveto否定形式为don’thaveto。2.Be动词+过去分词，时态根据主句时态确定，主语与动词为被动关系。3.①过去动作对现在有影响；②动作时间不确定；③强调动作持续性。4.So表结果，常用于主句肯定、从句否定结构，如Iwastired,soIwenttobed.5.Too+形容词/副词+to+动词原形，表“太…以至于不能…”。6.who指人主语，that可指人或物，且who更自然。7.look为不及物动词，see为及物动词；look表动作，see表结果。8.肯定句用“助动词/be动词/情态动词+主语”，否定句用“助动词/be动词/情态动词+主语”，如Youareright,aren’tyou?五、应用题1.Theproblemwasexplainedtothestudentsbytheteacher.2.learning3.Theboysaidthathewasgoingtothelibrary.4.Hedoesn’tknowifshewillcometomorrow.5.so6.Theyhavebeenplayingbasketballfortwohours.六、案例分析1.(1)Presentcontinuoustense.(2)Becausethesentencedescribesanactionhappeningat