2021年高考浙江1月（精校版）

2021年1月浙江选考英语试题第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)（略）第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分35分)第一节(共10小题；每小题2.5分，满分25分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A(2021·浙江1月选考，阅读A）Morethan25yearsago，SarooBrierleylivedinrural(农村)India.Oneday，heplayedwithhisbrotheralongtheraillineandfellasleep.Whenhewokeupandfoundhimselfalone，the4­year­olddecidedhisbrothermightbeonthetrainhesawinfrontofhim—sohegoton.Thattraintookhimathousandmilesacrossthecountrytoatotallystrangecity.Helivedonthestreets，andtheninanorphanage(孤儿院)．There，hewasadoptedbyanAustralianfamilyandflowntoTasmania.Ashewritesinhisnewbook，ALongWayHome，Brierleycouldn’thelpbutwonderabouthishometownbackinIndia.Herememberedlandmarks，butsincehedidn’tknowhistown’sname，findingasmallneighborhoodinavastcountryprovedtobeimpossible.Thenhefoundadigitalmappingprogram.Hespentyearssearchingforhishometownintheprogram’ssatellitepictures.In2011，hecameacrosssomethingfamiliar.Hestudieditandrealizedhewaslookingatatown’scentralbusinessdistrictfromabird’s­eyeview.Hethought，“Ontheright­handsideyoushouldseethethree­platformtrainstation”—andthereitwas.“Andontheleft­handsideyoushouldseeabigfountain”—andthereitwas.Everythingjuststartedtomatch.Whenhestoodinfrontofthehousewherehegrewupasachild，hesawaladystandingintheentrance.“There’ssomethingaboutme，”hethought—andittookhimafewsecondsbuthefinallyrememberedwhatsheusedtolooklike.InaninterviewBrierleysays，“MymotherlookedsomuchshorterthanIremembered.Butshecameforthandwalkedforward，andIwalkedforward，andmyfeelingsandtearsandthechemicalinmybrain，youknow，itwaslikeanuclearfusion(核聚变)．Ijustdidn’tknowwhattosay，becauseIneverthoughtseeingmymotherwouldevercometrue.AndhereIam，standinginfrontofher.”21．WhywasBrierleyseparatedfromhisfamilyabout25yearsago?A．Hegotonatrainbymistake.B．Hegotlostwhileplayinginthestreet.C．Hewastakenawaybyaforeigner.D．HewasadoptedbyanAustralianfamily.22．HowdidBrierleyfindhishometown?A．Byanalyzingoldpictures.B．BytravellingallaroundIndia.C．Bystudyingdigitalmaps.D．Byspreadinghisstoryviahisbook.23．WhatdoesBrierleymainlytalkaboutintheinterview?A．Hisloveforhismother.B．Hisreunionwithhismother.C．Hislongwaybackhome.D．Hismemoryofhishometown.B(2021·浙江1月选考，阅读B）Atthestartofthe20thcentury，anAmericanengineernamedJohnElfrethWatkinsmadepredictionsaboutlifetoday.Hispredictionsaboutslowingpopulationgrowth，mobilephonesandincreasingheightwereclosetothemark.Buthewaswronginoneprediction：thateverybodywouldwalk10milesaday.Today，inAustralia，mostchildrenonaveragefall2,000stepsshortofthephysicalactivitytheyneedtoavoidbeingoverweight.Intheearly1970s,40percentofchildrenwalkedtoschool，whilein2010，itwasaslowas15percent.Thedeclineisnotbecausewehaveallbecomelazy.Familiesarepressedfortime，manywithbothparentsworkingtopayfortheirhouse，oftenworkinghoursnotoftheirchoosing，livingincar­dependentneighborhoodswithlimitedpublictransport.Theothersideofthecoinisequallyadeprivation:forhealthandwell­being，aswellaslostopportunities(机会)forchildrentogettoknowtheirlocalsurroundings.Andforparentstherearelostopportunitiestowalkandtalkwiththeiryoungscholarabouttheirday.Mostparentswillhaveeagerlyaskedtheirchildabouttheirday，onlytomeetwitha“good”，quicklyfollowedby“I’mhungry”．Thisisalsomyexperienceasamother.Butsomewhereoverthedailywalkmoreaboutmyson’sdaycomesout.Ihearhimmakingsenseoffriendshipanditslimits.Thisistheunexpectedandrareparentalopportunitytohearmore.Manyprimaryschoolssupportwalkingschool­busroutes(路线)，withdaysofregular，parent­accompaniedwalks.Doingjustoneoftheseafewtimesaweekisbetterthannothing.Itcanbetoughtobeginandtakesalittleplanning—runningshoesbythefrontdoor，lunchesmadethenightbefore，umbrellasonrainydaysandhatsonhotones—butit’scertainlyworthtrying.24．WhydoestheauthormentionWatkins’predictionsinthefirstparagraph?A．Tomakecomparisons.B．Tointroducethetopic.C．Tosupportherargument.D．Toprovideexamples.25．WhathascausedthedecreaseinAustralianchildren’sphysicalactivity?A．Plainlaziness.B．Healthproblems.C．Lackoftime.D．Securityconcerns.26．Whydoestheauthorfindwalkingwithhersonworthwhile?A．Shecangetrelaxedafterwork.B．Shecankeepphysicallyfit.C．Shecanhelpwithherson’sstudy.D．Shecanknowhersonbetter.C(2021·浙江1月选考，阅读C）Researcherssaytheyhavetranslatedthemeaningofgesturesthatwildchimpanzees(黑猩猩)usetocommunicate.Theysaywildchimpscommunicate19specificmessagestooneanotherwitha“vocabulary”of66gestures.ThescientistsdiscoveredthisbyfollowingandfilminggroupsofchimpsinUganda，andexaminingmorethan5,000incidentsofthesemeaningfulexchanges.DrCatherineHobaiter，wholedtheresearch，saidthatthiswastheonlyformofintentionalcommunicationtoberecordedintheanimalkingdom.Onlyhumansandchimps，shesaid，hadasystemofcommunicationwheretheydeliberatelysentamessagetoanothergroupmember.“That’swhat’ssoamazingaboutchimpgestures，”shesaid.“They’retheonlythingthatlookslikehumanlanguageinthatrespect.”Althoughpreviousresearchhasshownthatapesandmonkeyscanunderstandcomplexinformationfromanotheranimal’scall，theanimalsdonotappeartousetheirvoicesintentionallytocommunicatemessages.Thiswasasignificantdifferencebetweencallsandgestures，DrHobaitersaid.Chimpswillchecktoseeiftheyhavetheattentionoftheanimalwithwhichtheywishtocommunicate.Inonecase，amotherpresentsherfoottohercryingbaby，signalling：“Climbonme.”Theyoungsterimmediatelyjumpsontoitsmother’sbackandtheytravelofftogether.“Thebigmessagefromthisstudyisthatthereisanotherspecies(物种)outtherethatismeaningfulinitscommunication，sothat’snotuniquetohumans，”saidDrHobaiter.DrSusanneShultz，anevolutionarybiologistfromtheUniversityofManchester，saidthestudywaspraiseworthyinseekingtoenrichourknowledgeoftheevolutionofhumanlanguage.But，sheadded，theresultswere“alittledisappointing”．“Thevaguenessofthegesturemeaningssuggestseitherthatthechimpshavelittletocommunicate，orwearestillmissingalotoftheinformationcontainedintheirgesturesandactions，”shesaid.“Moreover，themeaningsseemtonotgobeyondwhatotheranimalsconveywithnon­verbalcommunication.So，itseemsthegulfremains.”27．WhatdochimpsandhumanshaveincommonaccordingtoDrHobaiter?A．Memorizingspecificwords.B．Understandingcomplexinformation.C．Usingvoicestocommunicate.D．Communicatingmessagesonpurpose.28．WhatdidDrShultzthinkofthestudy?A．Itwaswelldesignedbutpoorlyconducted.B．Itwasagoodtrybutthefindingswerelimited.C．Itwasinspiringbuttheevidencewasunreliable.D．Itwasafailurebutthemethodsdeservedpraise.29．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“gulf”inthelastparagraphmean?A．Difference. B．Conflict.C．Balance. D．Connection.30．Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A．ChimpanzeeBehaviourStudyAchievedaBreakthroughB．ChimpanzeesDevelopedSpecificCommunicationSkillsC．Chimpanzees：theSmartestSpeciesintheAnimalKingdomD．ChimpanzeeLanguage：CommunicationGesturesTranslated第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)(2021·浙江1月选考，七选五）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Yourunintothegrocerystoretopickuponebottleofwater.Yougetwhatyouneed，headtothefront，andchoosethelinethatlooksfastest.Youchosewrong.Peoplewhoyousweargotinotherlineslongafteryouarealreadycheckedoutandofftotheparkinglot.31Itturnsout，it’sjustmathworkingagainstyou；chancesare，theotherlinereallyisfaster.Grocerystorestrytohaveenoughemployeesatcheckouttogetalltheircustomersthroughwithminimumdelay.32Anysmallinterruption—apricecheck，achattycustomer—canhavedownstreameffects，holdingupanentireline.Iftherearethreelinesinthestore，delayswillhappenrandomlyatdifferentregisters.Thinkabouttheprobability：33Soit’snotjustinyourmind:Anotherlineprobablyismovingfaster.Researchershaveagoodwaytodealwiththisproblem.Makeallcustomersstandinonelong，snakingline—calledaserpentineline—andserveeachpersonatthefrontwiththenextavailableregister.34Thisiswhattheydoatmostbanksandfast­foodrestaurants.Withaserpentineline，alongdelayatoneregisterwon’tunfairlypunishthepeoplewholinedupbehindit.Instead，itwillslowdowneveryonealittlebitbutspeedupcheckoutoverall.35Ittakesmanyregisterstokeeponelinemovingquickly，andsomestorescan’taffordthespaceormanpower.Sowhereveryournextwaitmaybe：Goodluck.A．Whydoesthisalwaysseemtohappentoyou?B．Sowhydon’tmostplacesencourageserpentinelines?C．Someofthemmayhavestoodinaqueueforalmostanhour.D．Thechancesofyourlinebeingthefastestareonlyoneinthree.E．Howhighistheprobabilitythatyouareinthefastestwaitingline?F．Withthreeregisters，thismethodismuchfasterthanthetraditionalapproach.G．Butsometimes，asonaSundayafternoon，thesystemgetsparticularlybusy.第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)(2021·浙江1月选考，完形填空）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。LastyearIdecidedtodosomevolunteerwork.Ibeganto36ontheInternetanddiscoveredVolunteerUSA.ThreemonthslaterI37myselfonaplanetoPhoenix，Arizona.Iwas38atthethoughtoflivingwithloadsofnewpeopleforthreemonths.However，withinfifteenminutesof39，myworrieshadgone.Everyonewasso40andlike­mindedthatitwasvery41tofeelathome.IwassenttotheCoronadoNationalForestformyfirst8­day42.Wehadto43everythingweneededandwalkthreemilestowhereweworked.Itmaynotseemlikea44waybutin35℃heatandwithaheavypack，mylegswereonfire.Myjobwasto45astairwayoutofrock.This46climbingupanddownthesideofamountaininhabited(栖息)bymountainlions，althoughIshouldsaytheywereonlyheard，never47.Threedayslater，abeautifulstairwaycameintobeing.The48ofknowingthatmy49willbeonthatmountainsideforyearstocomeismassive.Butonthelastnightwewere50inathunderstorm.Iwokeupatmidnighttofindaswimmingpoolinmytent.Thetemperaturewascloseto51.Ihadtospendtherestofthenighttremblingintheonly52partofmytent.53，Isufferedalot.ButIknowwhateverIhavetofaceinmylifeIwasthereandI54.IthinkIammuch55forhavingtakenpartintheproject.36．A.calculate B．negotiateC．advertise D．research37．A.imagined B．introducedC．enjoyed D．found38．A.annoyed B．surprisedC．scared D．excited39．A.arriving B．sleepingC．thinking D．walking40．A.confident B．friendlyC．energetic D．curious41．A.funny B．goodC．lucky D．easy42．A.tour B．projectC．campaign D．course43．A.drop B．makeC．carry D．buy44．A.nice B．safeC．long D．quick45．A.build B．testC．clean D．guard46．A.helped B．endedC．allowed D．meant47．A.hunted B．trainedC．seen D．fed48．A.satisfaction B．ambitionC．expectation D．intention49．A.work B．memoryC．record D．story50．A.left B．caughtC．attacked D．separated51．A.boiling B．averageC．normal D．freezing52．A.tidy B．dryC．new D．soft53．A.Bytheway B．RegardlessofthatC．Needlesstosay D．Ineithercase54．A.survived B．resistedC．escaped D．recovered55．A.smarter B．strongerC．happier D．busier第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)(2021·浙江1月选考，语法填空）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Inastudyof33yearsoftrendsinBodyMassIndex(体重指数)across200countries,thescientistsfoundthatpeopleworldwidearegettingheavier56.thatmostoftheriseisduetogainsinBMIinruralareas.BMIisaninternationallyrecognizedmeasurementtool57.givesanindicationofwhethersomeoneisahealthyweight.Itiscalculatedbydividinga58.(person)weightinkgbytheirheightinmeterssquared，andaBMIofbetween19and2559.(consider)healthy.Thestudyfoundthatbetween1985and2017，averageruralBMIincreased60.2.1inwomenandmen.Incities，however，thegain61.(be)1.3inwomenand1.6inmen.Theresearchersdescribed“strikingchanges”inthegeographyofBMI.In1985，urbanmenandwomeninmorethanthreequartersofthecountries62.(study)hadhigherBMIsthanmenandwomeninruralareas.But30yearslater，theBMIdifferencebetweenurbanandruralpeopleinmanycountrieshadnarrowed63.(sharp)．Thismaybeduetosomedisadvantagesforpeople64.(live)inthecountryside，including65.(low)levelsofincomeandeducation，highercostsofhealthyfoods，andfewersportsfacilities.第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节应用文写作(满分15分)(2021·浙江1月选考，应用文写作）假定你是李华，下周有新西兰学生访问你校，你将作为学生代表致欢迎辞。请为此写一篇发言稿，内容包括：1．表示欢迎；2．介绍活动安排；3．表达祝愿。注意：1．词数80左右；2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。第二节读后续写(满分25分)(2021·浙江1月选考，读后续写）阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。Pumpkin(南瓜)carvingatHalloweenisafamilytradition.WevisitalocalfarmeveryOctober.Inthepumpkinfield，Icompetewithmythreebrothersandsistertoseekoutthebiggestpumpkin.Mydadhasarulethatwehavetocarryourpumpkinsbackhome，andastheeldestchildIhaveanadvantage—Icarriedan85­pounderbacklastyear.Thisyear，itwashardtotellwhethermyprizeortheonechosenbymy14­year­oldbrother，Jason，wasthewinner.Unfortunatelyweforgottoweighthembeforetakingouttheirinsides，butIwasdeterminedtoprovemypoint.Allofuswerehardatworkatthekitchentable，withmymomfilmingtheannualevent.I’munsurenowwhyIthoughtforcingmyheadinsidethepumpkinwouldsettlethematter，butitseemedtomakeperfectsenseatthetime.Withthepumpkinrestingonthetable，holeuppermost，Ibentoverandpressedmyheadagainsttheopening.AtfirstIgotjammedjustabovemyeyesandthen，asIwentonwithmytask，unwillingtoquit，mynosebrieflypreventedentry.FinallyImanagedtoputmywholeheadintoit，likeacork(软木塞)forcedintoabottle.Iwasabletostraightenupwiththehugepumpkinrestingonmyshoulders.Myexcitementwasshort­lived.Thepumpkinwasheavy.“I’mgoingtosetitdown，now，”Isaid，andwithJasonhelpingtosupportitsweight，Ibentbackoverthetabletogiveitsomewheretorest.ItwasonlywhenItriedtoremovemyheadthatIrealizedgettingoutwasgoingtobelessstraightforwardthangettingin.WhenIpulledhard，mynosegotintheway.IgotintoapanicasIpressedfirmlyagainstthetableandmovedmyheadaroundtryingtofindtherightangle，butitwasnouse.“Ican’tgetitout！”Ishouted，myvoicesoundingunnaturallyloudintheenclosedspace.注意：1．所续写短文的词数应为150左右；2．至少使用5个短文中标有下划线的关键词语；3．续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；4．续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。Paragraph1：Iwasstuckforfiveorsixminutesthoughitfeltmuchlonger.Paragraph2：ThatvideowaspostedthedaybeforeHalloween.

答案精析第二部分阅读理解A语篇解读这是一篇记叙文。4岁的SarooBrierley与哥哥在铁路边玩耍时睡着了，醒来后他误上了一列火车，被带到了千里之外的陌生城市，从此流落他乡，后来他被一个澳大利亚家庭收养。多年后，他通过研究数字地图，并凭着对家乡的记忆，成功找到了在印度的家乡，最终和家人团聚。21．A解析细节理解题。根据第一段的“heplayedwithhisbrother...sohegoton”和第二段内容可知，Brierley和哥哥在铁路边玩耍时睡着了，醒来后他误上了一列火车，被带到了千里之外的陌生城市，与家人分开。故选A。22．C解析细节理解题。根据第四段的“Thenhefoundadigitalmappingprogram.”“Hestudiedit...Everythingjuststartedtomatch.”可知，Brierley通过研究数字地图找到了他的家乡。23．B解析细节理解题。根据题干中的“interview”可将解题信息定位至最后一段。根据最后一段的“MymotherlookedsomuchshorterthanIremembered...hereIam，standinginfrontofher.”可知，Brierley在采访中主要讲述了他和母亲团聚的情景。B语篇解读这是一篇说明文。由于生活节奏快、时间不足，澳大利亚的很多孩子行走步数大大减少，这对孩子的身心健康不利。文中作者通过自己的经历证明了和孩子一起步行的好处，并建议人们尽可能多步行。24．B解析推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句“Buthewaswronginoneprediction：thateverybodywouldwalk10milesaday.”以及下文对孩子们行走步数大幅下降及其原因和影响的介绍可知，作者提到Watkins的预测是为了引出话题。25．C解析细节理解题。根据第三段的“Thedeclineisnotbecausewehaveallbecomelazy.Familiesarepressedfortime...”可知，在澳大利亚，孩子们的体育活动变少是因为时间不足。26．D解析细节理解题。根据第五段的“Butsomewhereoverthedailywalk...tohearmore.”可知，作者在与儿子一起散步时，儿子会跟她分享自己的想法，从而使作者能够更好地了解儿子，因此作者认为与儿子一起散步是值得的。C语篇解读这是一篇说明文。研究者称他们已经翻译出了野生黑猩猩用来交流的手势语的含义，它们用66种手势来传递19种特定的信息。27．D解析细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句可知，Hobaiter博士说，只有人类和黑猩猩有这样一个交流系统，在这个系统中人类和黑猩猩故意向其他成员发送信息，故选D。28．B解析细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“thestudywaspraiseworthy...theresultswere‘alittledisappointing’”可知，Shultz博士认为这项研究是值得称赞的，它试图丰富我们关于人类语言进化的知识，但同时她也说研究的结果“有点令人失望”，故选B。29．A解析词义猜测题。根据画线词前的内容可知，Shultz博士认为黑猩猩手势的含义具有模糊性，而且这些手势的含义似乎并不能超越其他动物通过非语言交流所传达的信息，所以分歧是依然存在的，故画线词的含义与A项最为接近。30．D解析标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中的“havetranslatedthemeaningofgesturesthatwildchimpanzees(黑猩猩)usetocommunicate”可知，本文主要介绍了一项研究结果，即研究人员翻译出了野生黑猩猩用来交流的手势语的含义，故D项作本文标题最佳。第二节语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。当你排队结账的时候，是不是总会感觉别的结账队伍比你的快呢？作者告诉我们情况可能真的是这样。31．A解析上文描述了你排队结账时，发现自己排的队伍总是比别的队伍慢这一现象，下文的“Itturnsout”“chancesare，theotherlinereallyisfaster”点明了结论，所以空处应为对该现象提出的疑问。结合选项来看，只有A项的内容与结论的内容相匹配。32．G解析空前提到食品杂货店希望将结账等待时间降到最低，空后提到任何小小的干扰都会拖慢整个队伍，两者形成转折，空处应明确转折关系，G项符合语境。G项中的busy呼应下文的“interruption”“holdingupanentireline”。33．D解析空前的probability与D项中的chances和oneinthree呼应，同时D项与空后一句“Soit’snotjustinyourmind：Anotherlineprobablyismovingfaster.”呼应，符合语境。34．F解析前一段提到如果商店中排起了三个结账的队伍，那么结账时延误情况的出现是随机的。本段提到研究人员为解决这一问题，想出了一个好办法：让所有人排成一队，排在最前面的人到可用的收银机处结账。F项能很好地承接上文，同时F项中的thismethod是空后This的指代对象。35．B解析空后一句解释了为什么很多商店不采用只排一个队伍结账的办法。B项符合语境。第三部分语言运用第一节语篇解读这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者去年去科罗拉多国家森林当志愿者的经历，虽然期间吃了很多苦，但这次经历让他变得更坚强。36．D解析根据后文“ontheInternetanddiscovered”可知，作者开始在互联网上研究(research)做志愿者的相关信息，然后发现了VolunteerUSA。calculate计算；negotiate协商；advertise做广告。37．D解析三个月后，作者发现(found)自己坐上了前往亚利桑那州菲尼克斯的飞机。38．C解析根据下文中的“myworrieshadgone”可知，此处表示作者一想到要和许多陌生人一起生活三个月就很担心。scared害怕的，担心的，恐惧的。39．A解析根据下文中的“...myworrieshadgone.Everyonewasso...feelathome”可知，到达后不到15分钟，作者的担忧就消失了。40．B解析根据上文中的“myworrieshadgone”和下文中的“like­minded”“feelathome”可知，此处表示每个人都很友好(friendly)。41．D解析每个人都很友好，大家志趣相投，因此很容易(easy)感到自在。42．B解析根据文章末尾的“theproject”可知，选B。此处是原词复现。43．C解析根据下文中的“withaheavypack”可知，此处表示“我们必须携带(carry)我们需要的所有东西”。44．C解析根据上文中的“walkthreemiles”和下文中的“butin35℃heat...onfire”可知，此处表示这段路程可能看起来不长(long)。45．A解析根据下文中的“abeautifulstairwaycameintobeing”可知，此处表示作者的工作就是用岩石建造(build)阶梯。46．D解析这意味着(meant)要在有美洲狮栖居的山上爬上爬下。47．C解析根据上文中的“theywereonlyheard”可知，此处表示作者没见过(seen)美洲狮。48．A解析此处表示“知道我的工作成果(work)将会在未来数年都保留在这个山坡上，我有巨大的满足感(satisfaction)”。49．A解析参见上题解析。50．B解析但是最后一个晚上，作者他们遇上了雷雨。becaughtin陷入，遇到。51．D解析根据下文中的“Ihadtospendtherestofthenighttrembling”可知，此处表示温度几乎到了冰点(freezing)。52．B解析根据上文中的“findaswimmingpoolinmytent”可知，作者的帐篷进水了，故此处表示帐篷里仅有的干的(dry)地方。53．C解析根据上文描述的内容可知，此处表示不用说(Needlesstosay)，作者吃了很多苦。54．A解析但是作者知道，不管生活中要面对什么，作者都在那里，挺了过来。survive生存，存活。55．B解析根据语境可知，此处表示参加这个项目让作者变得更坚强(stronger)。第二节语篇解读