2026年江苏省部编版初中英语下册第3单元语法填空题库

2026年江苏省部编版初中英语下册第3单元语法填空题库一、单项选择题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Mr.Smithisinterestedincollectingstamps.Hespendsmostofhisfreetime______stampsfromallovertheworld.A.collectB.collectingC.tocollectD.collected参考答案：B解析：考查非谓语动词。句意为“史密斯先生对收集邮票很感兴趣。他花大部分空闲时间收集来自世界各地的邮票。”根据句意，spendtimedoingsth.为固定搭配，表示“花时间做某事”，故用现在分词形式collecting。A项collect为动词原形，不符合语法；C项tocollect为不定式，通常表示目的，此处不符；D项collected为过去分词，不符合语境。2.Thelittlegirloftenhelpshermother______thehouseworkafterschool.A.doB.doesC.doingD.todo参考答案：A解析：考查动词用法。句意为“这个小女孩放学后经常帮助她妈妈做家务。”helpsb.dosth.为固定搭配，表示“帮助某人做某事”，故用动词原形do。B项does为第三人称单数形式，不符合主语thelittlegirl；C项doing为动名词，不符合搭配；D项todo为不定式，不符合语法。3.IfyouwanttoimproveyourEnglish,youshould______moreEnglishsongseveryday.A.listentoB.listeningtoC.tolistentoD.listenedto参考答案：A解析：考查虚拟语气。句意为“如果你想提高英语水平，你应该每天听更多英文歌曲。”if引导的条件状语从句中，主句用shoulddo，从句用一般现在时，故用listento。B项listeningto为动名词，不符合虚拟语气；C项tolistento为不定式，不符合语法；D项listenedto为过去分词，不符合语境。4.Mybrother______totheconcertlastnight,buthewastootiredtogo.A.goB.goesC.wentD.going参考答案：C解析：考查动词时态。句意为“我哥哥昨晚想去音乐会，但他太累了没去成。”根据lastnight可知，动作发生在过去，故用一般过去时went。A项go为动词原形，不符合时态；B项goes为第三人称单数形式，不符合主语Mybrother；D项going为动名词，不符合语法。5.Thestudentsarebusy______fortheirfinalexams.A.prepareB.preparingC.toprepareD.prepared参考答案：B解析：考查非谓语动词。句意为“学生们正忙着为期末考试做准备。”bebusydoingsth.为固定搭配，表示“忙于做某事”，故用现在分词preparing。A项prepare为动词原形，不符合搭配；C项toprepare为不定式，不符合语法；D项prepared为过去分词，不符合语境。6.Sheisthemost______studentinourclass.A.intelligentB.intelligentlyC.intelligenceD.moreintelligent参考答案：A解析：考查形容词用法。句意为“她是我们班最聪明的学生。”themost+形容词最高级为固定结构，表示“最……的”，故用intelligent的最高级形式intelligent。B项intelligently为副词，不符合语法；C项intelligence为名词，不符合结构；D项moreintelligent为比较级，不符合最高级要求。7.Myparentsoftentellme______earlyinthemorning.A.getupB.togetupC.gettingupD.getting参考答案：B解析：考查动词不定式。句意为“我父母经常告诉我早起。”tellsb.todosth.为固定搭配，表示“告诉某人做某事”，故用不定式togetup。A项getup为动词原形，不符合搭配；C项gettingup为动名词，不符合语法；D项getting为动名词，不符合搭配。8.Thebook______Iborrowedfromthelibraryisveryinteresting.A.whichB.thatC.whoD.whom参考答案：B解析：考查定语从句。句意为“我从图书馆借来的那本书很有趣。”先行词thebook是物，关系代词在从句中作主语，故用that。A项which在从句中作主语时，通常指物，但that更常用；C项who指人，不符合先行词；D项whom指人，作宾语时用which或that。9.Ifit______tomorrow,wewillgohiking.A.won’trainB.doesn’trainC.won’tberainingD.isn’training参考答案：B解析：考查虚拟语气。句意为“如果明天不下雨，我们就去远足。”if引导的条件状语从句中，主句用willdo，从句用一般现在时，故用doesn’train。A项won’train为一般将来时，不符合从句要求；C项won’tberaining为将来进行时，不符合语境；D项isn’training为现在进行时，不符合从句要求。10.Theteacheraskedthestudents______theyhadfinishedtheirhomework.A.ifB.thatC.whetherD.what参考答案：C解析：考查宾语从句。句意为“老师问学生们是否完成了作业。”asksb.whether/iftheyhavedonesth.为固定搭配，表示“问某人是否做了某事”，故用whether或if。B项that不能引导宾语从句；D项what不能引导宾语从句。二、填空题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Mysisterisgoodat______thepiano.参考答案：play解析：考查动词搭配。句意为“我姐姐擅长弹钢琴。”begoodatdoingsth.为固定搭配，表示“擅长做某事”，故填play。2.Ifyou______morecarefully,youwouldn’thavemadesuchamistake.参考答案：look解析：考查虚拟语气。句意为“如果你更仔细一点，就不会犯这样的错误了。”if引导的从句中，用一般过去时表示与过去事实相反的假设，故用look的过去式looked。3.Theboyistooyoung______crossthestreetbyhimself.参考答案：to解析：考查不定式。句意为“这个男孩太小了，不能自己过马路。”too…todosth.为固定结构，表示“太…而不能…”，故填to。4.Allthestudents______tothelibrarythisafternoon.参考答案：go解析：考查动词时态。句意为“所有学生今天下午都去图书馆了。”根据thisafternoon可知，动作发生在将来，故用go的将来时willgo，但此处省略了will，直接填go。5.Mymotheraskedme______Ihadfinishedmyhomework.参考答案：if解析：考查宾语从句。句意为“我妈妈问我是否完成了作业。”asksb.if/whethertheyhavedonesth.为固定搭配，故填if或whether。6.Thestudentsarebusy______fortheirexams.参考答案：prepare解析：考查非谓语动词。句意为“学生们正忙着为考试做准备。”bebusydoingsth.为固定搭配，故填prepare。7.Sheisthe______studentinourclass.参考答案：intelligent解析：考查形容词最高级。句意为“她是我们班最聪明的学生。”themost+形容词最高级为固定结构，故填intelligent的最高级形式intelligent。8.Ifit______tomorrow,wewillgotothepark.参考答案：doesn’train解析：考查虚拟语气。句意为“如果明天不下雨，我们就去公园。”if引导的条件状语从句中，用一般现在时表示与将来事实相反的假设，故用doesn’train。9.Myfatheroftentellsme______earlyinthemorning.参考答案：getup解析：考查动词不定式。句意为“我父亲经常告诉我早起。”tellsb.todosth.为固定搭配，故填getup。10.Thebook______Iborrowedfromthelibraryisveryinteresting.参考答案：that解析：考查定语从句。句意为“我从图书馆借来的那本书很有趣。”先行词thebook是物，关系代词在从句中作主语，故用that。三、判断题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Thegirlisinterestedinplayingthepiano.（√）解析：考查动词搭配。句意为“这个女孩对弹钢琴很感兴趣。”beinterestedindoingsth.为固定搭配，故playingthepiano正确。2.Ifitrainstomorrow,wewillgotothezoo.（√）解析：考查虚拟语气。句意为“如果明天下雨，我们就去动物园。”if引导的条件状语从句中，用一般现在时表示与将来事实相反的假设，故rains正确。3.Mybrotherwenttotheconcertlastnight,buthewastootiredtogo.（×）解析：根据句意，brother和he指同一个人，故第二个go应为went，表示过去发生的动作。4.Thestudentsarebusypreparingfortheirfinalexams.（√）解析：考查非谓语动词。句意为“学生们正忙着为期末考试做准备。”bebusydoingsth.为固定搭配，故preparing正确。5.Sheisthemostintelligentstudentinourclass.（√）解析：考查形容词最高级。句意为“她是我们班最聪明的学生。”themost+形容词最高级为固定结构，故intelligent正确。6.Myparentsoftentellmetogetupearlyinthemorning.（√）解析：考查动词不定式。句意为“我父母经常告诉我早起。”tellsb.todosth.为固定搭配，故togetup正确。7.ThebookthatIborrowedfromthelibraryisveryinteresting.（√）解析：考查定语从句。句意为“我从图书馆借来的那本书很有趣。”先行词thebook是物，关系代词在从句中作主语，故that正确。8.Ifyoudon’tworkhard,youwon’tsucceed.（√）解析：考查虚拟语气。句意为“如果你不努力，就不会成功。”if引导的条件状语从句中，用一般现在时表示与将来事实相反的假设，故don’tworkhard正确。9.Theboyistooyoungtocrossthestreetbyhimself.（√）解析：考查不定式。句意为“这个男孩太小了，不能自己过马路。”too…todosth.为固定结构，故tocross正确。10.Theteacheraskedthestudentsiftheyhadfinishedtheirhomework.（√）解析：考查宾语从句。句意为“老师问学生们是否完成了作业。”asksb.if/whethertheyhavedonesth.为固定搭配，故if正确。四、简答题（总共8题，每题2分，共16分）1.Explaintheuseof"begoodatdoingsth."inEnglish.参考答案："begoodatdoingsth."isafixedphrasethatmeans"tobeskilledortalentedindoingsomething."Forexample,"Mysisterisgoodatplayingthepiano."Here,"goodat"indicatesthatthesisterhasahighlevelofabilityinplayingthepiano.Thisphraseiscommonlyusedtodescribesomeone'sabilitiesortalentsinaparticularactivity.解析：该题考查固定搭配的用法。begoodatdoingsth.表示“擅长做某事”，强调在某个活动上的能力。例句"Mysisterisgoodatplayingthepiano."中，goodat表明姐姐在弹钢琴方面的技能。该搭配常用于描述某人在特定活动上的才能。2.Whatisthedifferencebetween"if"and"whether"?参考答案："If"and"whether"arebothconjunctionsusedtointroduceconditionaloralternativeclauses,buttheyhavesomedifferences."If"istypicallyusedinconditionalsentences,suchas"Ifitrains,wewillcancelthepicnic."Ontheotherhand,"whether"isoftenusedinquestionsorwhenthereisnoclearalternative,suchas"Wearenotsurewhetherwewillgototheconcert."Additionally,"whether"canbeusedatthebeginningofasentence,while"if"cannot.解析：该题考查连词的用法区别。"If"和"whether"都用于引导条件或选择从句，但用法不同。"If"通常用于条件句，如"Ifitrains,wewillcancelthepicnic."；"whether"常用于疑问句或没有明确选择时，如"Wearenotsurewhetherwewillgototheconcert."此外，"whether"可以位于句首，而"if"不能。3.Howdoyouuse"too…todosth."?参考答案："Thestructure'too…todosth.'isusedtoexpressthatsomethingisexcessiveandmakesitimpossibletodosomething."Forexample,"Theboyistooyoungtocrossthestreetbyhimself."Here,"tooyoung"indicatesthattheboy'sagemakesitunsafeforhimtocrossthestreetalone.Thisstructureemphasizestheinadequacyorexcessivenessofaqualityorsituation.解析：该题考查固定结构的用法。"too…todosth."表示“太…而不能…”，强调某事过度导致无法做某事。例句"Theboyistooyoungtocrossthestreetbyhimself."中，tooyoung表明男孩的年龄使他无法独自过马路。该结构强调品质或情况的不足或过度。4.Explaintheuseof"bebusydoingsth."inEnglish.参考答案："Bebusydoingsth."isafixedphrasethatmeans"tobeoccupiedorengagedindoingsomething."Forexample,"Thestudentsarebusypreparingfortheirexams."Here,"busy"indicatesthatthestudentsareactivelyworkingontheirexampreparations.Thisphraseiscommonlyusedtodescribesomeone'scurrentactivitiesorresponsibilities.解析：该题考查固定搭配的用法。"bebusydoingsth."表示“忙于做某事”，强调正在从事的活动或任务。例句"Thestudentsarebusypreparingfortheirexams."中，busy表明学生在积极准备考试。该搭配常用于描述某人当前的活动或职责。5.Whatisarelativeclause?Giveanexample.参考答案：Arelativeclauseisatypeofadverbialclausethatmodifiesanounornounphrase.Itisintroducedbyrelativepronounssuchas"who,""which,""that,"or"whose."Forexample,"ThebookthatIborrowedfromthelibraryisveryinteresting."Here,"thatIborrowedfromthelibrary"isarelativeclausemodifying"thebook."解析：该题考查定语从句的定义和用法。定语从句是修饰名词或名词短语的状语从句，由关系代词如who、which、that或whose引导。例句"ThebookthatIborrowedfromthelibraryisveryinteresting."中，thatIborrowedfromthelibrary是修饰thebook的定语从句。6.HowdoyouformavirtualconditioninEnglish?参考答案：AvirtualconditioninEnglishisformedusingthepresenttenseinthe"if"clauseandthesimplefuturetense(oftenwith"would")inthemainclausewhentalkingaboutfuturepossibilities.Forexample,"Ifitrainstomorrow,wewillcancelthepicnic."Here,"ifitrains"isthepresenttense,and"wewillcancel"isthefuturetensewith"would."解析：该题考查虚拟语气的构成。虚拟语气在谈论未来可能性时，if从句用一般现在时，主句用willdo或woulddo。例句"Ifitrainstomorrow,wewillcancelthepicnic."中，ifitrains为一般现在时，wewillcancel为将来时。7.Whatisthedifferencebetween"do"and"does"?参考答案："Do"and"does"areauxiliaryverbsusedtoformquestions,negatives,andemphasis."Do"isusedwiththebaseformofthemainverbforthefirstandsecondpersonsingular,and"does"isusedwiththebaseformforthethirdpersonsingularinthepresentsimpletense.Forexample,"Doyoulikepizza?"and"Doessheplaythepiano?"解析：该题考查助动词的用法区别。"Do"和"does"用于构成疑问句、否定句和强调句。"Do"用于第一、二人称单数，如"Doyoulikepizza?"；"does"用于第三人称单数现在时，如"Doessheplaythepiano?"8.Howdoyouuse"todo"asanobject?参考答案："Todo"canbeusedasanobjectinsentenceswithverbssuchas"tell,""ask,""want,"and"allow."Forexample,"Myfatheroftentellsmetogetupearly."Here,"togetupearly"istheobjectoftheverb"tells."Thisstructureiscommonlyusedtoexpressinstructions,requests,orpermissions.解析：该题考查不定式作宾语的用法。"Todo"可以作为动词tell、ask、want、allow等动词的宾语。例句"Myfatheroftentellsmetogetupearly."中，togetupearly是动词tells的宾语。该结构常用于表达指令、请求或许可。五、应用题（总共8题，每题4分，共24分）1.Completethefollowingsentence:"Thegirlisinterestedin______piano."参考答案：playing解析：考查动词搭配。句意为“这个女孩对弹钢琴很感兴趣。”beinterestedindoingsth.为固定搭配，故填playing。2.Completethefollowingsentence:"Ifit______tomorrow,wewillgohiking."参考答案：doesn’train解析：考查虚拟语气。句意为“如果明天不下雨，我们就去远足。”if引导的条件状语从句中，用一般现在时表示与将来事实相反的假设，故用doesn’train。3.Completethefollowingsentence:"Mybrotheroftentellsme______earlyinthemorning."参考答案：togetup解析：考查动词不定式。句意为“我哥哥经常告诉我早起。”tellsb.todosth.为固定搭配，故填togetup。4.Completethefollowingsentence:"Thebook______Iborrowedfromthelibraryisveryinteresting."参考答案：that解析：考查定语从句。句意为“我从图书馆借来的那本书很有趣。”先行词thebook是物，关系代词在从句中作主语，故用that。5.Completethefollowingsentence:"Thestudentsarebusy______fortheirfinalexams."参考答案：preparing解析：考查非谓语动词。句意为“学生们正忙着为期末考试做准备。”bebusydoingsth.为固定搭配，故填preparing。6.Completethefollowingsentence:"Sheisthe______studentinourclass."参考答案：mostintelligent解析：考查形容词最高级。句意为“她是我们班最聪明的学生。”themost+形容词最高级为固定结构，故填mostintelligent。7.Completethefollowingsentence:"Ifyou______morecarefully,youwouldn’thavemadesuchamistake."参考答案：looked解析：考查虚拟语气。句意为“如果你更仔细一点，就不会犯这样的错误了。”if引导的从句中，用一般过去时表示与过去事实相反的假设，故用look的过去式looked。8.Completethefollowingsentence:"Myparentsoftenaskme______Ihavefinishedmyhomework."参考答案：if解析：考查宾语从句。句意为“我父母经常问我是否完成了作业。”asksb.if/whethertheyhavedonesth.为固定搭配，故填if或whether。【标准答案及解析】一、单项选择题1.B解析：spendtimedoingsth.2.A解析：helpsb.dosth.3.A解析：虚拟语气，shoulddo4.C解析：一般过去时5.B解析：bebusydoingsth.6.A解析：最高级形容词7.B解析：tellsb.todosth.8.B解析：定语从句，先行词是物9.B解析：虚拟语气，doesn’train10.C解析：宾语从句，whether/if二、填空题1.play解析：begoodatdoingsth.2.looked解析：虚拟语气，一般过去时3.to解析：too…todosth.4.go解析：将来时省略will5.if/whether解析：宾语从句6.preparing解析：bebusydoingsth.7.mostintelligent解析：最高级形容词8.doesn’train解析：虚拟语气，一般现在时9.togetup解析：tellsb.todosth.10.that解析：定语从句，先行词是物三、判断题1.√解析：beinterestedindoingsth.2.√解析：虚拟语气，一般现在时3.×解析：brother和he指同一个人，应改为went4.√解析：bebusydoingsth.5.√解析：最高级形容词6.√解析：tellsb.todosth.7.√解析：定语从句8.√解析：虚拟语气，一般现在时9.√解析：too…todosth.10.√解析：宾语从句四、简答题1."begoodatdoingsth."isafixedphrasethatmeans"tobeskilledortalentedindoingsomething."Forexample,"Mysisterisgoodatplayingthepiano."Here,"goodat"indicatesthatthesisterhasahighlevelofabilityinplayingthepiano.Thisphraseiscommonlyusedtodescribesomeone'sabilitiesortalentsinaparticularactivity.2."If"and"whether"arebothconjunctionsusedtointroduceconditionaloralternativeclauses,buttheyhavesomedifferences."If"istypicallyusedinconditionalsentences,suchas"Ifitrains,wewillcancelthepicnic."Ontheotherhand,"whether"isoftenusedinquestionsorwhenthereisnoclearalternative,suchas"Wearenotsurewhetherwewillgototheconcert."Additionally,"whether"canbeusedatthebeginningofasentence,while"if"cannot.3."Thestructure'too…todosth.'isusedtoexpressthatsomethingisexcessiveandmakesitimpossibletodosomething."Forexample,"Theboyistooyoungtocrossthestreetbyhimself."Here,"tooyoung"indicatesthattheboy'sagemakesitunsafeforhimtocrossthestreetalone.Thisstructureemphasizestheinadequacyorexcessivenessofaqualityorsituation.4."Bebusydoingsth."isafixedphrasethatmeans"tobeoccupiedorengagedindoingsomething."Forexample,"Thestudentsarebusypreparingfortheirexams."Here,"busy"indicatesthatthestudentsareactivelyworkingontheirexampreparations.Thisphraseiscommonlyusedtodescribesomeone'scurrentactivitiesorresponsibil